identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03AF91658B706F5717D6FEB48612FA82.text	03AF91658B706F5717D6FEB48612FA82.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Astyanax vermilion Zanata & Camelier 2009	<div><p>Astyanax vermilion, new species</p><p>Figs. 1-3</p><p>Holotype. MZUSP 101243, 39.4 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia State, Floresta Azul, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.661392&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.8550005" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.661392/lat -14.8550005)">rio Salgado</a> under bridge on road BA 130, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.661392&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.8550005" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.661392/lat -14.8550005)">rio Cachoeira drainage</a>, 14°51’18.0”S 39°39’41”W, 189 m alt., 12 Feb 2008, A. M. Zanata, P. Camelier, R. Burger &amp; A. B. A. Góes.</p><p>Paratypes. All from Brazil, Bahia State. ANSP 189328, 10, 35.4- 39.0 mm SL, MZUSP 101244, 10, 37.4-38.7 mm SL, UFBA 4344, 76, 30.5-40.8 mm SL (12, 30.5-40.8 mm SL), collected with holotype. UFBA 4342, 31, 26.9-39.2 mm SL (12, 3 c&amp;s, 26.9- 39.2 mm SL), Floresta Azul, streamlet tributary of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">rio Salgado</a> drainage on road between Floresta Azul and Almadina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">rio Cachoeira drainage</a>, 14°48’31”S 39°39’13”W, 188 m alt., 12 Feb 2008, Zanata et al. UFBA 4343, 56, 35.1-40.3 mm SL (12, 35.1- 40.3 mm SL), Itajuípe, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">rio Almada</a> on <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">Fazenda Luanda</a>, 14°40’53”S 39°24’24”W, 258 m alt., 12 Feb 2008, Zanata et al. UFBA 4813, 24, 25.7-42.8 mm SL, Ilhéus, district of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">Rio do Braço</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">rio do Braço</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">rio Almada</a> basin, in front of Fazenda Norma, between roads BR 415 and BA 262,14°41’10’’S 39°16’27’’W, 80 m alt., 24 Feb 2009, Zanata et al. UFBA 4905, 32, 32.4-39.5 mm SL, Ilhéus, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">rio Santana</a>, on road between Ilhéus and Buerarema, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.143333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.911666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.143333/lat -14.911666)">rio Cachoeira basin</a>, 14°54’42’’S 39°08’36’’W, 53 m alt., 24 Feb 2009, Zanata et al .</p><p>Diagnosis. Astyanax vermilion can be distinguished from all other Astyanax species known from northeastern Brazilian drainages ( A. brevirhinus, A. epiagos, A. fasciatus, A. intermedius, A. jacobinae, A. lacustris, A. pelecus, A. rivularis, A. taeniatus, and A. turmalinensis) by having distal portion of pelvic fin dark, a combination of sexually dimorphic characters, the posteroventral portion of body and all fins (except pectoral) reddish in life, and an inconspicuous humeral and caudal spots. Differs further by having highest body depth just anterior to dorsal-fin origin (vs. body highest on a vertical around middle or posterior portion of pectoral fin in A. epiagos, A. intermedius, A. jacobinae, and A. rivularis), 32-34 lateral-line scales (vs. 35 or more in A. brevirhinus, A. intermedius, A. jacobinae, A. pelecus, A. rivularis), five series of scales between dorsalfin origin and lateral line (vs. six or more in A. brevirhinus, A. fasciatus, A. lacustris), three series of scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin (vs. 4.5 or more, respectively, in A. brevirhinus, A. lacustris, A. turmalinensis, A. intermedius), presence of one or two maxillary teeth (vs. none in A. lacustris or three or more in A. brevirhinus and A. fasciatus). Astyanax vermilion can be further diagnosed from A. epiagos and A. pelecus by having 20-23 branched anal-fin rays (vs. 13-17 and 16-18, respectively), from A. jacobinae and A. lacustris by having one or two maxillary teeth (vs. three and none, respectively), from A. taeniatus by having no more than five cusps and dentary teeth abruptly decreasing in size posteriorly (vs. usually seven cusps on dentary and premaxillary teeth and dentary teeth gradually smaller posteriorly). This new species differs further from A. turmalinensis by having 32-34 lateral-line scales (vs. 34-36) and dorsal fin usually ii,8,i (vs. dorsal fin always with ii,9 rays). Astyanax vermilion differs from A. burgerai on its overall body shape and color, including an inconspicuous humeral spot (vs. humeral blotch conspicuous and vertically elongated), posteroventral portion of body reddish when alive (vs. absence of red pigmentation on body), branched anal-fin rays 20-23 (vs. 18-19), dorsal-fin rays usually ii,8,i (vs. ii,9), and 8-12 scales aligned on base of anterior anal-fin rays (vs. 3-6).</p><p>Description. Morphometric data of holotype and paratypes are presented in Table 1. Body somewhat compressed.</p><p>Greatest body depth along vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head convex from upper lip to vertical through anterior nostrils; straight to slightly convex from latter point to tip of supraoccipital spine and nearly straight to slightly convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin. Body profile straight and posteroventrally slanted along dorsal-fin base; straight from dorsal-fin base terminus to adipose fin, and slightly concave along caudal peduncle. Ventral profile of head and body strongly convex anteriorly and convex from region below eye to anal-fin origin. Body profile along analfin base straight and posterodorsally slanted. Ventral profile of caudal peduncle nearly straight to slightly concave.</p><p>Head somewhat pointed to rounded anteriorly in lateral profile; mouth terminal. Posterior terminus of maxilla extending slightly beyond vertical through anterior margin of orbit. Premaxillary teeth somewhat narrow, distributed in two rows. Outer row with 3 (7), 4 (24), or 5* (4) teeth bearing 3 cusps. Inner row with 4 (1), 5* (32), or 6 (3) teeth bearing 3, 4 or 5 cusps. Symphyseal tooth of inner series narrow, asymmetrical, with one cusp on anteromedial side, one larger central cusp and two smaller on lateral side; second tooth the larger, with 5 cusps; last teeth with 3 cusps. Maxilla with 2 (1) or 3 (2) teeth bearing one or 3 cusps. Dentary with 10 (1) or 11 (2) symmetrical teeth; 5 anterior teeth larger, with 5 cusps, followed by 6 teeth unicuspidate; posterior smaller teeth abruptly smaller than anterior ones in one c&amp;s specimen and somewhat decreasing gradually in size posteriorly in the other two.</p><p>Scales cycloid, circuli absent on exposed area of scales, with few slightly divergent radii extending to posterior margin of scales. Lateral line slightly decurved anteriorly, completely pored from supracleithrum to base of caudal fin, with 32 (7), 33* (8), or 34 (6) perforated scales. Horizontal scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 5 (36), not including scale of predorsal series situated just anterior to first dorsalfin ray. Horizontal scale rows between lateral line and pelvicfin insertion 3 (36). Scales along middorsal line between tip of supraoccipital process and origin of dorsal fin 9 (6), 10* (24), or 11 (2). Horizontal scale rows around caudal peduncle 14 (13). Base of anteriormost anal-fin rays covered by a series of 8-12 scales.</p><p>Dorsal-fin rays ii,8 (1), ii,8,i* (29), or ii,9 (6). Distal margin of dorsal fin straight. Dorsal-fin origin situated at vertical approximately at or slightly posterior to middle of standard length. Base of last dorsal-fin ray posterior to vertical through anal-fin origin. First dorsal-fin pterygiophore inserting behind neural spine of 10 th (3) vertebra. Adipose fin present. Anal-fin rays iii,20 (9), 21 (16), 22* (10), or 23 (1); cleared and stained specimens revealed 5 unbranched rays (3). Distal margin of anal fin in males slightly concave to nearly straight and females with anterior portion of fin distinctly concave. First anal-fin pterygiophore inserting behind haemal spine of 16 th (3) vertebra. Pectoral-fin rays i,9 (1), 10* (6), 11 (25), or 12 (4). Tip of pectoral fin usually reaching vertical through pelvic-fin insertion. Pelvic-fin rays i,6 (1) or 7* (35); in males, tip of pelvic fin usually trespasses insertion of first anal-fin rays, while in females the pelvic fin does not reach or barely reaches the anal-fin origin. Caudal fin forked, lobes pointed, similar in size. Principal caudal-fin rays 10+9 (3). Eight (2) or 9 (1) dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays, and 9 (3) ventral procurrent caudalfin rays. First gill arch with 7 (2) or 8 (1) + 1 (3) + 13 (3) rakers. Vertebrae 33 (3). Supraneurals 4 (1) or 5 (2).</p><p>Color in alcohol. Overall ground color yellow (Figs. 1-2). Guanine restricted to part of infraorbitals, preopercle, and opercle. Anteriormost portion of head dark; upper and lower lips completely dark, followed by areas with lower concentration of chromatophores, usually forming a black border on anterior portion of mouth. Head dorsum moderately dark, with relatively sparse dark chromatophores; central area between eyes less pigmented. Dark chromatophores sparsely distributed over anterior half of maxillary bone. Infraorbitals, preopercle and opercle clear. Ventral portion of head clear, unless by presence of scattered dark chromatophores on its anteriormost portion.</p><p>Scales of dorsalmost four longitudinal series and middorsal series with dark chromatophores concentrated along its posterior margin resulting in reticulate pattern; center of scales usually clear, except for some more pigmented specimens that have chromatophores on central portion of scales, masquerading the reticulate pattern. Scales below the lateral line less or no pigmented on anteriormost portion of body and with sparse dark chromatophores on posterior half of body; dark lines usually present along myosepts above anal-fin base.Abdominal region without dark chromatophores.</p><p>Humeral region with a roughly rounded and inconspicuous humeral spot, formed by underlying dark chromatophores; spot over third and fourth scales of horizontal series immediately above lateral line. Dark and narrow stripe extending usually from humeral spot to caudal peduncle; stripe more conspicuous behind vertical through origin of dorsal fin. Stripe usually enlarged at the end of caudal peduncle, forming an inconspicuous spot, extending to end of median caudal-fin rays.</p><p>All fin rays dark. Dorsal fin with dark chromatophores over membranes on area close to borders of rays and pectoral fin with chromatophores over borders of rays, forming dark lines along borders. Anal fin similarly colored, with dark chromatophores over lateral borders of rays and also with concentration of chromatophores close to distal border of fin, over rays and interradial membranes, forming an inconspicuous dark margin on fin; dark margin usually more visible on males, more evident on longest unbranched and first branched rays. Pelvic fins with dark chromatophores over borders of rays, mainly on unbranched and first four branched rays; distal portion of rays usually darker; males with distal portion of first pelvic-fin rays distinctly darker than females (Figs. 1-2 vs. Fig. 3). Caudal fin usually darker than remaining fins, with chromatophores over rays and interradial membranes, apparently more concentrated on its distal half. Adipose fin clear, with a few dark chromatophores on its margin.</p><p>Color in life. Life color pattern taken from photographs of specimens soon after fixation (Fig. 2). Overall body coloration silver to yellowish. Head silvery, at least on infraorbitals, preopercle, and opercle. Scales on dorsal half of body with borders dark, forming a reticulate pattern. Posteroventral portion of body, above anal fin, reddish; red pigment on body more intense in males. Midlateral line of body darkened, formed apparently mostly by underlying dark pigment, and extending from area below dorsal fin to caudal peduncle. All fins reddish, except pectoral, with scattered dark chromatophores; red pigmentation more intense in males. Caudal fin somewhat darker, with dark chromatophores concentrated on its median rays.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism. Males of Astyanax vermilion are easily recognized by the presence of bony hooks on anal fin rays of all males examined. Hooks are distributed over the two posteriormost unbranched and all branched rays, except for the last two. Usually 8 to 10 large and dorsally curved hooks are present on most rays, decreasing in number and size towards posterior branched rays. Hooks absent on remaining fins. Males and females can be also distinguished externally by the shape of the anal fin and coloration of the pelvic fin (Figs. 1-3). Anal-fin border of males somewhat straight to slightly concave whereas in females it is concave on its anterior half. Males also have distal portion of first pelvic-fin rays distinctly darker than females. Some morphometric data also showed to be dimorphic, including males with slightly higher body depth than females (35.7-40.3%, X = 38.1% vs. 30.5-40.8%, X = 37.3%), longer pectoral fin (22.4-26.3%, X = 24.6% vs. 21.0-23.9%, X = 22.5%), longer pelvic fin (19.1-22.0%, X = 20.3% vs. 17.3-19.7%, X = 18.5%), and shorter anal-fin lobe (15.2-19.1%, X = 17.5% vs. 17.8-22.0%, X =19.9%). Examined immature males (27.1 and 31.7 mm SL) also show hooks on fins, although less developed, and also somewhat elongated pelvic fin.</p><p>Geographic distribution and ecological notes. Astyanax vermilion is known from rio Salgado, a tributary of rio Cachoeira, and also from rio Almada (Fig. 4). Both are relatively small Eastern Brazilian coastal drainages, with estuaries around Ilhéus, Bahia State. The species was collected in clear water streams, running over rocky, pebbles and sand bottom at low altitudes (188-258 m), in habitats characterized by slow to moderate water current, less than one meter deep (Fig. 5). The surrounding vegetation is mainly composed by remains of the Atlantic Forest, with trees, cocoa trees and grass. Astyanax vermilion was collected syntopically with several fish species, including Nematocharax venustus, Lignobrycon myersi, Astyanax aff. bimaculatus, Leporinus sp., Oligosarcus acutirostris, Steindachnerina elegans, Parotocinclus sp., and Geophagus sp ..</p><p>The analysis of the stomach contents of three specimens revealed the presence of two distinct forms of filamentous algae, fragments of vascular plants and seeds, larvae of Diptera (Chironomidae), adults of Hemiptera and Coleoptera (Chrysomelidae), fragments of Hymenoptera (Formicidae) and of other unidentified arthropods, and organic debris.</p><p>Etymology. The name vermilion comes from the Latin word vermiculus (small worm which yields a red dye), meaning an orangish red pigment, originally derived from the powdered mineral cinnabar. Used herein in reference to the red coloration of posterior body portion of this fish when alive.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AF91658B706F5717D6FEB48612FA82	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zanata, Angela M.;Camelier, Priscila	Zanata, Angela M., Camelier, Priscila (2009): Astyanax vermilion and Astyanax burgerai: new characid fishes (Ostariophysi: Characiformes) from Northeastern Bahia, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology 7 (2): 175-184, DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252009000200007, URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252009000200007&lng=en&tlng=en
03AF91658B746F541576FCFC8653FDA2.text	03AF91658B746F541576FCFC8653FDA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Astyanax burgerai Zanata & Camelier 2009	<div><p>Astyanax burgerai, new species</p><p>Figs. 6-7</p><p>Holotype. MZUSP 101245, 53.2 mm SL, Brazil, Bahia State, Almadina, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.644447&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.745" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.644447/lat -14.745)">córrego Água Boa</a> on road between Floresta Azul and Almadina, tributary of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.644447&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.745" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.644447/lat -14.745)">riacho Pancadinha</a>, itself a tributary of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.644447&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.745" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.644447/lat -14.745)">rio Almada</a>, 14°44’42”S 39°38’40”W, 212 m alt., 12 Feb 2008, A. M. Zanata, P. Camelier, R. Burger &amp; A. B. A. Góes.</p><p>Paratypes. UFBA 4346, 15, 1 c&amp;s, 2 R, 19.5-54.4 mm SL, collected with holotype .</p><p>Diagnosis. Astyanax burgerai can be distinguished from all other Astyanax species known from northeastern Brazilian drainages ( A. brevirhinus, A. epiagos, A. fasciatus, A. intermedius, A. jacobinae, A. lacustris, A. pelecus, A. rivularis, A. taeniatus, and A. turmalinensis) by the presence of two vertically elongated humeral blotches (vs. only one humeral blotch, rounded or distinctly horizontally elongated in A. brevirhinus, A. lacustris and A. pelecus, and vertically elongated in A. epiagos, A. fasciatus, A. intermedius, A. jacobinae, A. rivularis, and A. taeniatus), absence of a conspicuous and broad dark midlateral stripe, at least on anterior half of body (vs. presence in A. brevirhinus, A. fasciatus, A. intermedius, A. jacobinae, A. rivularis, A. taeniatus, and A. turmalinensis), body highest along vertical slightly behind midlength of pectoral fin (vs. highest body depth just anterior to dorsal-fin origin in A. brevirhinus, A. fasciatus, A. lacustris, A. pelecus, A. taeniatus, and A. turmalinensis), 31-34 lateralline perforated scales (vs. 35 or more in A. brevirhinus, A. intermedius, A. jacobinae, A. pelecus, and A. rivularis), and two or three teeth on premaxillary outer series (vs. three, four or five in A. brevirhinus, A. fasciatus, A. jacobinae, and A. lacustris). Astyanax burgerai can be further distinguished from A. fasciatus and A. lacustris by having 21-22 total anal-fin rays (vs. 25-34), and from A. jacobinae by having one or two maxillary teeth (vs. three teeth). This new species differs further from A. turmalinensis by having 2-3 teeth on outer premaxillary row (vs. four teeth) and fins homogeneously darkened by chromatophores (vs. dark chromatophores concentrated on edges of rays). Astyanax burgerai differs from A. vermilion on its overall body shape and color, including a conspicuous and vertically elongated humeral blotch (vs. humeral spot poorly defined), absence of red pigmentation on body when alive (vs. posteroventral portion of body reddish), 18-19 branched analfin rays (vs. 20-23), dorsal-fin rays ii,9 (vs. usually ii,8,i), and 3- 6 scales on base of anterior anal-fin rays (vs. 8-12).</p><p>Description. Morphometric data of holotype and paratypes presented in Table 2. Body somewhat compressed and elongate. Greatest body depth along vertical slightly behind midlength of pectoral fin. Dorsal profile of head convex from upper lip to vertical through anterior nostrils; straight to slightly convex from latter point to tip of supraoccipital spine and moderately convex from this point to dorsal-fin origin. Body profile straight and posteroventrally slanted along dorsal-fin base; straight from dorsal-fin base terminus to adipose fin, and slightly concave along caudal peduncle. Ventral profile of head and body convex on its anteriormost portion and moderately convex from region below eye to anal-fin origin. Body profile along anal-fin base straight and posterodorsally slanted. Ventral profile of caudal peduncle nearly straight to slightly concave.</p><p>Head somewhat pointed anteriorly in lateral profile; mouth terminal. Posterior terminus of maxilla trespassing vertical through anterior margin of orbit. Premaxillary teeth in two rows. Outer row with 2* (6) or 3 (8) teeth bearing 3 cusps. Inner row with 4 (1), 5* (13), teeth bearing 5 to 7 cusps. Symphyseal tooth of inner series relatively narrow, asymmetrical, with one cusp on anteromedial side, one larger central cusp and three smaller on lateral side; second teeth the larger, with 7 cusps; remaining teeth with 5 cusps. Maxilla with 1* (3) or 2 (11) broad teeth bearing 5 cusps of similar size. Dentary with 8 (1) or 9* (2) teeth decreasing gradually in size posteriorly; first to third teeth somewhat asymmetrical, with six cusps, two on anteromedial side, one median larger cusp and three smaller on lateral side; fourth and fifth teeth with 5 cusps and posterior ones with 3 cusps.</p><p>Scales cycloid; circuli absent on exposed area of scales, with few slightly divergent radii extending to posterior margin of scales. Lateral line slightly decurved anteriorly, completely pored from supracleithrum to base of caudal fin, with 31 (1), 32* (3), 33 (3), or 34 (7) perforated scales. Horizontal scale rows between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 5 (14), not including scale of predorsal series situated just anterior to first dorsal-fin ray. Horizontal scale rows between lateral line and pelvic-fin insertion 4* (10) or 5 (4). Scales along middorsal line between tip of supraoccipital process and origin of dorsal fin 9 (1), 10* (10), 11 (2), or not ordered in a line (1). Horizontal scale rows around caudal peduncle 13* (2), 14 (11), or15 (1). Base of anteriormost anal-fin rays covered by a series of 3-6 scales.</p><p>Dorsal-fin rays ii,9 (14). Distal margin of dorsal fin somewhat rounded. Dorsal-fin origin situated at vertical approximately at or slightly posterior to the middle of standard length. Base of last dorsal-fin ray aligned with anal-fin origin. First dorsal-fin pterygiophore inserting behind neural spine of 10 th (4) vertebra. Adipose fin present. Anal-fin rays iii,18* (5) or 19 (9). Distal margin of anal fin slightly concave to nearly straight. First anal-fin pterygiophore inserting behind haemal spine of 16 th (3) or 17 th (1) vertebra. Pectoral-fin rays i,9* (1), 10 (2), 11 (6), or 12 (5). Tip of pectoral fin never reaching vertical through pelvic-fin insertion. Pelvic-fin rays i,7 (14). Caudal fin forked, lobes rounded, similar in size. Principal caudal-fin rays 10+9 (2), 10+10 (1). Eight (2) or 9 (2) dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays, and 7 (1), 8 (2) or 9 (1) ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays. First gill arch with 6 (1) + 1 (1) + 11 (1) rakers. Vertebrae 33 (4). Supraneurals 5 (3).</p><p>Color in alcohol. Examined specimens lack guanine on body or head (Fig. 6). Overall ground color tan, yellowish on ventral half of body. Head dorsum dark due to concentration of diminute dark chromatophores, as on most extension of maxilla. Infraorbitals, preopercle and opercle clearer, with sparse larger dark chromatophores. Ventral portion of head clear, except by concentration of diminute dark chromatophores on anteriormost portion. Middorsal line dark similarly to head dorsum. Small dark chromatophores homogeneously distributed over four or five dorsalmost longitudinal series of body scales; chromatophores larger on scale series immediately above lateral line. Ventral half of body with scattered dark chromatophores and abdominal region without dark pigmentation. Humeral region with two dark blotches. Anterior blotch more evident, vertically elongated, wider dorsally and situated behind first vertical scale series on rear of opercle opening; blotch bordered anteriorly and posteriorly by regions of paler coloration. Posterior humeral blotch much less conspicuous, with variable shape, situated posterior to clear area on rear of first blotch, and formed by dark chromatophores over three series of scales immediately above lateral line. A dark midlateral line extends from second humeral blotch to caudal peduncle; dark chromatophores over midlateral line usually more visible behind vertical through end of dorsal-fin base, resulting in an inconspicuous stripe, enlarged posteriorly and forming an elongated caudal blotch. All fins equally colored, with small chromatophores homogeneously distributed over membranes and borders of rays. Adipose fin with scattered small dark chromatophores. Caudal fin with base of median rays somewhat dark, as part of caudal blotch.</p><p>Color in life. Life color pattern taken from specimen barely dead and another specimen kept alive in aquarium (Fig. 7). Overall body coloration silvery to pale, with golden reflexes mainly on dorsal half. Midlateral region somewhat reddish. Humeral blotches poorly visible. Caudal blotch poorly visible on specimens barely dead but well defined after several days in aquarium. Small dark chromatophores scattered over head and body. All fins pale to yellowish.</p><p>Sexual dimorphism. Small hooks over anal-fin rays present in three male specimens (39.3-53.2 mm SL), distributed over longer unbranched ray and first six branched rays; unbranched rays with four hooks and posterior rays with five to seven hooks in each ray. Hooks absent on remaining fins.</p><p>Geographic distribution and ecological notes. Astyanax burgerai is known only from córrego Água Boa, a streamlet on the road between Floresta Azul and Almadina, tributary of riacho Pancadinha, itself a tributary of rio Almada, a coastal drainage on southern Bahia, Brazil (Fig. 4). The species was collected at 212 meters of altitude, in clear water stream, running over rocky and sandy bottom, in habitat characterized by very small pools, 20-70 cm deep (Fig. 8). The surrounding vegetation is composed by remains of the Atlantic Forest, with trees and shrubs. The only other syntopic species is Trichomycterus cf. bahianus .</p><p>The analysis of the stomach contents of two specimens revealed the presence of filamentous algae, fragments of arthropods, fragments of vascular plants and organic debris.</p><p>Etymology. Thename burgerai isgiveninhonorofRafaelBurger, a student who enthusiastically collected the new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AF91658B746F541576FCFC8653FDA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Zanata, Angela M.;Camelier, Priscila	Zanata, Angela M., Camelier, Priscila (2009): Astyanax vermilion and Astyanax burgerai: new characid fishes (Ostariophysi: Characiformes) from Northeastern Bahia, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology 7 (2): 175-184, DOI: 10.1590/S1679-62252009000200007, URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252009000200007&lng=en&tlng=en
