identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1B1E2356E21E54369DA7088AC68B1A6F.text	1B1E2356E21E54369DA7088AC68B1A6F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pycnodictya Stal 1873	<div><p>Genus Pycnodictya Stal, 1873</p> <p>Pycnodictya Stål, 1873: 116, 121.</p> <p>Type-species.</p> <p>Gryllus obscurus Linnaeus, 1758: 433.</p> <p>Diagnosis</p> <p>(adapted from Stål 1873, Saussure 1884, Dirsh 1965). Species belonging to this robust genus are well recognized by their thick hind femur having the upper carina serrated and the lower marginal area highly expanded, as well as by their robust, rugose head and pronotum, and their brightly colored hind wings with dark or at least smoky transverse fascia. They are also generally characterized by their globular heads with prominent eyes and filiform antennae, a distinct median carina of the pronotum crossed by the third transverse sulcus that continues on the lateral lobes, while the lateral carinae are absent and the posterior margin is acutely angular; the meso- and metasternal interspace are very wide. The elongate supra-anal plate is angular, the cerci are narrowly conical with subacute apices, and the subgenital plate is conical with an obtuse apex in males. The female ovipositor valves are short, robust with curved apices.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B1E2356E21E54369DA7088AC68B1A6F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Haggag, Asmaa A.	Haggag, Asmaa A. (2016): First record of the genus Pycnodictya with its subspecies P. galinieri galinieri from Egypt (Orthoptera, Acrididae). ZooKeys 630: 105-114, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10162, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10162
C54E3BB33BDB5DD28D730E16E3D57428.text	C54E3BB33BDB5DD28D730E16E3D57428.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pycnodictya galinieri subsp. galinieri (Reiche & Fairmaire 1849) galinieri (Reiche & Fairmaire 1849	<div><p>Pycnodictya galinieri galinieri (Reiche &amp; Fairmaire, 1849) Figs 1-8, 9-14</p> <p>Oedipoda galinieri Reiche &amp; Fairmaire, 1849: 432.</p> <p>Humbe hyalodes Karsch, 1896: 265.</p> <p>Humbe miniatipennis Karsch, 1896: 265.</p> <p>Type specimen.</p> <p>Unspecified male collected from Ethiopia deposited in Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Paris, France (MNHN).</p> <p>Material examined.</p> <p>1♀, Halaib II in Gabal Elba (22°11'16"N, 36°22'14"E), 2003 [CUE, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.370552&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=22.187777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.370552/lat 22.187777)">Efflatoun Bey Collection</a>, Entomology Department, faculty of science, Cairo University, Egypt].</p> <p>Description.</p> <p>The body of the female is robust, medium-sized, and brownish, with sparse hairs on pronotum, sternum, legs, and mouth parts. Head (Figs 1, 9) rugose, prominent, and straight. Eyes rounded with obtuse rounded apex. Frons (Fig. 3) with rounded obtuse angle to fastigium of vertex. Frontal ridge shallowly sulcate with obtuse lateral carinulae, wide above ocellus, excurved between antennae then straight below ocellus, not reaching clypeus; surface coarsely punctured and wrinkled above ocellus. Fastigial foveolae shallow and oval. Fastigium of vertex wide, shallow with obtuse margins. Vertex broad and convex with low carinula between eyes. Antennae (Fig. 12) yellowish brown, filiform, with 27 flagellomers, shorter than head and pronotum together.</p> <p>Pronotum (Figs 1, 9, 13) constricted in the posterior half of prozona, coarsely punctured and wrinkled especially in metazona; anterior margin dentate with slightly acute angle at median carina; third transverse sulcus sharp; metazona coarsely wrinkled with tubercles, its length slightly longer than prozona, posterior angle highly acute angular, median carina obtuse, distinct, crossed by third transverse sulcus only and raised in prozona. Lateral lobes (Figs 2, 10, 11) with three transverse sulci, with anterior and posterior margin straight, anterior and posterior lower angle obtusely rounded and lower margin distinctly convex from second sulcus to posterior margin. Mesosternal interspace (Fig. 4) about three times as broad as long and metasternal interspace about 3.25 times as broad as long.</p> <p>Elytra (Fig. 9) wide, about 4.25 times as long as its maximum width, slightly narrowing toward obliquely truncate apex; opaque and with obtuse dark spots that do not form definite transverse bands, leaving the apical third transparent with brownish veins; second branch of medial vein with five branches apically; intercalary vein straight then raised apically, behind middle closer to cubital vein.</p> <p>Wings (Fig. 9) approximately twice as long as its maximum width, with orange red basal half, surrounded by a dark, moderately narrow, transverse semicircular band that does not reach posterior margin, with short anterior projection toward base; veins darkened in transparent apical part.</p> <p>Hind femora (Figs 5, 10) thick, their lengths approx. 3.25 times their maximum widths; upper margins distinctly serrate and lower marginal areas expanded with irregular edges; upper and lower external carinulae with dark dots; inner sides blackish below upper carina and with dark crest at knee.</p> <p>Hind tibiae (Fig. 14) blackish violet except for yellowish ring in basal third and blackish violet condyle internally; shorter than femora with ten spines on outer, eleven on inner side.</p> <p>Abdominal extremity (Figs 6, 7, 8) with ovipositor valves robust, short with curved apex.</p> <p>The male is noted to be similar to the female but smaller in size; hind wings bright orange red; hind tibiae with a less distinct pale basal ring (Ingrisch 1999).</p> <p>Measurements.</p> <p>(Table 1).</p> <p>Distribution.</p> <p>Afrotropical species distributed along the Indian Ocean in the eastern half of the African continent from Sudan in the north to South Africa (Johnston 1956, 1968; Dirsh 1965; Eades et al. 2016), expanding north eastwards to the south of the Arabian Peninsula to Yemen (Ingrisch 1999) and Oman (Popov 1980), and reaching, with the new record presented here, the southern corner of Egypt at the Red Sea (Figs 15, 16).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C54E3BB33BDB5DD28D730E16E3D57428	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Haggag, Asmaa A.	Haggag, Asmaa A. (2016): First record of the genus Pycnodictya with its subspecies P. galinieri galinieri from Egypt (Orthoptera, Acrididae). ZooKeys 630: 105-114, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10162, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10162
