taxonID	type	description	language	source
03AD3555F712FFC1FF13FF6DFB4BFB8F.taxon	description	Trees, sometimes large (≥ 40 m), mostly small and slender, branched or not, shrubs, or lianas. Exudate little, white to orange-pink, black when dry. Leaves, imparipinnate, rarely simple, often crowded at the top of the trunk or end of branches. Inflorescence many-flowered, (sub) terminal or axillary, and / or borne below the leaves on the main stem or branches. Flowers unisexual, dioecious, rather small (≤ 8 mm), usually 4 - merous often a few 5 - merous ones, rarely 6 - merous, sessile to pedicellate, the female flowers generally less numerous and often with longer pedicels than the male flowers. Sepals united at base, suberect. Petals free, usually imbricate (mostly narrowly so) or valvate in bud, ± erect, spreading, or reflexed at anthesis. Stamens the same in number as the petals and alternate with them, inflexed in bud. Disc present, glabrous or variously hairy, in the male flower sometimes surrounding a small pistillode, in the female flower located at the base of the ovary. Staminodes present in female flowers. Ovary glabrous to variously hairy, 1 - locular, crowned by 3 - 4 (- 6) styles with entire to shallowly bilobed stigmas, or stigmas ± sessile, ovule one, pendulous. Fruit fleshly, 1 - seeded, rarely dehiscent.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F712FFC1FF13FF6DFB4BFB8F.taxon	type_taxon	TYPE. — Trichoscypha mannii Hook. f.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F712FFC1FF13FF6DFB4BFB8F.taxon	discussion	MORPHOLOGICAL NOTES Several species exhibit considerable variation in habit, from erect shrubs to lianas and usually to medium-sized trees. A few intermediates (described as “ long very slender trees ”) have been found and field notes sometimes indicate that an erect individual has been found close to a lianescent one of apparently the same species. The use of habit alone in identification keys, as was done by VAN DER VEKEN (1960), is therefore very unsatisfactory. Within a species leaves can be extremely variable in the number, size and shape of their leaflets as well as in indumentum and the number of lateral nerves. Foliar characters are thus rarely of much use in separating species (see Fig. 9). Only the inflorescence, flowers and fruits offer taxonomically reliable characters. Some species (e. g., Trichoscypha reygaertii and T. rubicunda) show a patchy, whitish indumentum on the leaves, inflorescences, and, sometimes on the fruits as well (T. rubicunda). This indumentum is intermediate in appearance between arachnoid hairs and fungal mycelium. Sometimes it is so dense that it appears normal hairs have difficulty coming through (see Fig. 14 G, H). Information on the indumentum of the calyx is provided in the discussion under T. bracteata. Trichoscypha hallei and T. laxiflora are the only species from Lower Guinea and Congolia with truly valvate petals. In all the other species the petals are, at least in part, imbricate and mostly narrowly so. The valvate character of the petals in T. hallei and T. laxiflora is associated with the presence of minute, brown dots on the lower surface of the leaflets. Most species with a hairy disc also have hairy ovaries. Exceptions are found in T. acuminata whose disc may be glabrous or hairy whereas the ovary is always hairy, and in T. hallei, T. oddonii, and T. rubicunda, in which a glabrous disc occurs in combination with a hairy ovary (see also BRETELER 2001: 248). Seedlings of Trichoscypha bijuga, T. mannii, and T. patens have been grown at the Herbarium Vadense greenhouses in Wageningen. They all show the same model in which the germination is hypogeal, with the distinct epicotyle of 8 - 12 cm in length is terminated by two opposite, simple leaves. The next leaves are also simple, but usually have longer petioles, and may be considered as unifoliolate. The seedlings of T. oddonii, grown in Congo (Kinshasa), have an epicotyle 20 - 25 cm long, with the first pair of leaves also opposite but with long petioles and one to three leaflets. GEOGRAPHICAL NOTES Of the 18 species of Trichoscypha present in Lower Guinea and Congolia, 14 are endemic to this area; the remaining four species, T. arborea, T. bijuga, T. lucens, and T. mannii, also occur in Upper Guinea (BRETELER 2001). Trichoscypha lucens, which occurs from Liberia to Africa East coast, is the only wide-spread species. The 18 species treated here are very unevenly distributed over Lower Guinea and Congolia. Most of the diversity occurs in Lower Guinea where 17 species are present of which eight are endemic, whereas Congolia only has eight species, of which T. pauciflora is the only endemic. When considered on a country by country basis, Gabon, in the centre of Lower Guinea, is the richest with 16 species present, followed by Cameroun with 13 species. In Congo (Brazzaville) eight species occur and Congo (Kinshasa) has nine whereas Nigeria has seven. In Cabinda, the northern part of Angola, five species have been recorded. Much more exploration is however needed for a better understanding of the variation in habit and morphology as well as of the distribution of certain species (e. g., T. engong, T. hallei, T. oliveri), which show gaps in their ranges based on available material that almost surely represent an artefact of insufficient collecting, that are too wide to be true.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F712FFC1FF13FF6DFB4BFB8F.taxon	description	The following key is based on material with male flowers unless stated otherwise. When known and when useful, characters of the female flower and / or fruit have been included. The disc in the female flower is similar to that of the male flower. It remains observable, with or without hairs, in fruit.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F710FFC5FF13FB78FD0DFB04.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mann 1845, Equatorial Guinea, Corisco Bay, ♂ fl. Sep. 1862 (holo-, K!; iso-, A!, P!). See Notes.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F710FFC5FF13FB78FD0DFB04.taxon	description	Unbranched or poorly branched tree up to 20 m tall and 45 cm dbh. Leaves usually crowded at the top of the stem or branches, up to c. 1.5 m long, 7 - 17 (- 22?) - jugate. Leaflets oblong-elliptic, sometimes lanceolate, (6 -) 15 - 20 (- 28) × (2 -) 3 - 7 (- 10) cm, with (9 -) 12 - 18 pairs of main lateral nerves, usually glabrous beneath or nearly so. Inflorescence borne on the lower part (≤ 4 m) of the stem, the male inflorescence up to 30 cm long, the female one usually shorter; bracts of the inflorescence 1.5 - 3.5 × 1 - 2 cm, deciduous. Flowers (Apr. - Dec.) pink to wine-red. Fruits (May-Nov.) subellipsoid, up to 6 × 3.5 cm, puberulous to shortly velutinous, (partly) glabrescent, dark red at maturity, edible. — Figs 1 A; 3.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F710FFC5FF13FB78FD0DFB04.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest, from Nigeria to Central African Republic, Congo (Kinshasa) and Angola (Cabinda). Alt. up to c. 800 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F710FFC5FF13FB78FD0DFB04.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — ANGOLA: Gossweiler 6831, Buco Zau, fl., juv. fr. (BM!, COI!, K!); Gossweiler 8164, Landana, ster. (BM!, COI!, K!). — CAMEROUN: Asonganyi 318, Somalomo, fl. b. June (P!); Bates 847, Bitye, fl. (BM!); Bos 4778, 20 km Kribi-Lolodorf, fr. June (MO!, P!, WAG!); Breteler 1745, Dimako, fl. Aug. (P!, WAG!); J. J. de Wilde 7672, Nkoemvone, fl. Nov. (BR!, MA!, MO!, P!, WAG!); Dundas FHI 15218, Etam, fl. May (K!); Leeuwenberg 5770, Atozok, fl. June (MO!, P!, WAG!); Letouzey 11309, Bikok, juv. fr. June (K!, P!); Rudatis 41, Abonando, fl. Apr. (G!, K!); Thomas 4710, Korup Nat. Park, fl. Apr. (MO!); Van Andel 4191, Boussebeliga Creek, fl. b. Oct. (WAG!); Zenker 1747, Bipindi, fl. (A!, BM!, COI!, G!, K!, MO!, P!, WAG!, Z!). — CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: Harris 2272, 45 km S of Lidjombo, fl. Nov. (MO!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Bouquet 496, forêt de Bangou, fl. Sep. (P!); Bouquet 608, Mayama-Mouyondzi, ster. Nov. (P!); Bouquet 711, Tsiako, fr. Nov. (P!); de Foresta 1363, Makaba, ster. June (P!); Sargos 48, Kouilou, fl. Mar. (P!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Bequaert 639, Boma Sundi, fl. Aug. (BM!, BR!); Dubois 259, Kombo, fl. Dec. (BR!, WAG!); Gillardin 302, Kakenge, ster. Nov. (BR!, G!, WAG!); Laurent s. n., Ibali, fl. Nov. (BR!, G!); Lebrun 872, Eala, fl. Aug. (BR!, WAG!); Toussaint 2021, Luki, ster. Aug. (BR!, K!, WAG!); Wagemans 1914, Gimbi, ster. Mar. (K!, WAG!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Mann 1845, Corisco Bay, fl. Sep. (A!, K!, P!). — GABON: Bourobou 113, near Makokou, fl. Dec. (WAG!); Breteler & Jongkind 10418, 5 - 15 km NNW Ndjolé, fr. Nov. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 14635, Gamba, fl., fr. Nov. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 14955, Makandé, ster. Feb. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler 15760, Olounga, fl. Oct. (LBV, WAG!); De Wilde & Sosef 10297, N of Ebel-Alèmbé, fr. Jan. (WAG!); N. Hallé 2960, Bélinga, fl. Nov. (P!, WAG!); Le Testu 1281, Loukandou, fl. Dec. (BM!); Le Testu 7464, Poungui, fl. Sep. (BM!, P!); Reitsma c. s. 1475, Oveng, fl. Sep. (LBV, WAG!); Schoenmaker 85, Rabi-Kounga, fl. Oct. (LBV, WAG!); Sosef et al. 516, Lopé Reserve, fl., fr. Oct. (LBV!, WAG!). — NIGERIA: Jones & Onochie FHI 18730, Ogoja, ster. May (K!, P!); Jones & Onochie FHI 18731, Afi R. F. R., fl. May (K!); Van Meer 1625, Awi, fl. May (WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F710FFC5FF13FB78FD0DFB04.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — By the transfer of Sorindeia mannii Oliv. to Trichoscypha the epithet could not be maintained because of the earlier Trichoscypha mannii Hook. f. Trichoscypha acuminata is the new name by ENGLER based on the same type. ENGLER confused Trichoscypha braunii with T. büttneri when he discussed the position of his T. ferruginea, most likely because he based T. braunii on two syntypes, one collected by Braun in Cameroun, the other by Büttner in Gabon. In my opinion it is without doubt that ENGLER (p. 113) meant T. braunii where he wrote T. büttnerii. Of the original material of T. braunii at Berlin, a duplicate of Büttner’ s collection remains. It has been designated as the lectotype. The petals of T. ferruginea are described by Engler as “ intus arachnoideo-pilosis ”, which I have never observed in T. acuminata. The petals are always glabrous inside. Unfortunately the lectotype at Kew has leaves only. All the other characteristics of the flower fit T. acuminata. The arachnoid indumentum referred to by Engler might in fact be caused by a fungus, or by inaccurate observation, as the dried petals may be strongly wrinkled inside, which gives them the aspect of being arachnoid. DE WILDEMAN based his Trichoscypha flamignii on Flamigni 128, of which only the flowers represent Trichoscypha, the leaflets belonging to Carapa (Meliaceae), most probably to C. procera DC. The relationship between Trichoscypha accuminata and T. oddonii is discussed under the latter.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F714FFCBFF13FADCFF79FEA1.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Chevalier 22322, Côte d’Ivoire, Yapo, fr. Oct. 1909 (holo-, P!; iso-, K!, WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F714FFCBFF13FADCFF79FEA1.taxon	description	Tree up to 30 m tall, trunk to 40 cm diam. Leaves 6 - 9 - jugate; leaflets coriaceous, glabrous, smooth. Inflorescences up to c. 80 cm long. Flowers (May-Nov.) red to purplish. Fruits (Oct. - Feb.) red, smooth and glabrous at maturity. — Figs 1 B; 4.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F714FFCBFF13FADCFF79FEA1.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest of Nigeria and Cameroun. Also known from Upper Guinea. Alt. below 300 m (see note under T. patens).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F714FFCBFF13FADCFF79FEA1.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — CAMEROUN: Tchouto et al. 3293, Bifa, fl. Oct. (SCA, WAG!); Tchouto & Elad MIRAX 13, fl. b. Aug. (WAG!); Thomas 4735, Ndiam R., fl. b. April (K!, MO!); Van Andel 4163, Elephant Mt., juv. fr. Oct. (WAG!). — NIGERIA: Latilo FHI 45811, Oban Group F, R., fr. Feb. (FHO!, K!); Talbot 209, Oban, fl. (BM!, K!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F714FFCBFF13FADCFF79FEA1.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — The identity of Trichoscypha rubriflora is without doubt. The various elements of the original description such as tree, the coriaceous, glabrous leaflets with prominent midrib on both sides, the terminal inflorescence and the red flowers point unmistakably to T. arborea. There was no female flowering specimen available from or near the type locality to be designated as neotype. Therefore a specimen with young fruits has been chosen.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71AFFCBFF13FE79FC90F958.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mann 2343, Equatorial Guinea, Bioko, sin. loc., ♂ fl. Mar. (holo-, B, delet.; lecto-, K!; iso-, A!, P!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71AFFCBFF13FE79FC90F958.taxon	description	Shrub to small tree up to 20 m tall, trunk c. 15 cm in diam. Leaves 2 - 10 (- 13) - jugate; leaflets usually papery, with an impressed hairy midrib above, up to 40 × 11 cm. Inflorescence usually borne on the leafy shoot above, between or just below the leaves, often sharply reflexed at base and pendulous. Flowers (Jan. - Nov.) white to pale-red, the male ones sessile or nearly so, the female ones more often distinctly pedicelled. Fruits (Jan. - Dec.) red, ellipsoid to spindle-shaped, up to 4.5 × 2.5 cm, red, glabrous. — Figs 1 C; 5.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71AFFCBFF13FE79FC90F958.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest, from Nigeria to Congo (Kinshasa); also known from Upper Guinea. Alt. up to c. 1000 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71AFFCBFF13FE79FC90F958.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — ANGOLA: Gossweiler 6630, Buco Zau, fl. Aug. (BM!, COI!). — CAMEROUN: Binuyo & Daramola FHI 35059, Kumba, fr. Jan. (FHO!, K!, P!); Bos 3314, near Kribi, fr. Nov. (K!, P!, WAG!); Cable et al. 845, Kupé Mt., fl. Jan. (WAG!); J. J. de Wilde 8460, Nkoemvone, fl. Sep. (BR!, K!, MA!, MO!, WAG!); Gentry & Thomas 52668, 10 km SE Korup, ster. Nov. (MO!, WAG!); Leeuwenberg 8359, Eboné, fl. Nov. (BR!, P!, WAG!); Mildbread 10700, Likomba, fl. Nov. (A!, K!); Sonké 1216, Dikoumbe, juv. fr. May (BR!); Tchouto & Elad BIFAX 124, Bifa, juv. fr. Oct. (WAG!); Tchouto et al. NMX 107, Bibabimvote, fl. July (WAG!); Thomas 6145, Tissongo Lake, fr. June (K!, MO!, WAG!); Zenker 2202, Bipindi, fl. (BM!, BR!, COI!, G!, GOET!, K!, MO!, P!, WAG!, Z!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Bouquet 651, Loualou, fr. Nov. (P!); Cusset 593, Kuila, juv. fr. Nov. (P!); Sita 4907, Simba, fl. (BR!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Mahieu 266, Luki, fl. (BR!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Mann 2343, Bioko, sin. loc., fl. Mar. (A!, K!, P!); Lejoly & Van Asbroeck 49, Etembue, fl. b. Aug. (BRLU!). — GABON: Arends et al. 393, Waka, fr. Nov. (BR!, LBV, MO!, WAG!); Breteler & Jongkind 10188, Rabi, fr. Oct. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler c. s. 12375, Lifouta, fr. Nov. (WAG!); Breteler & de Wilde 347, Kinguélé, fl. Aug. (BR!, K!, LBV, MO!, WAG!); N. Hallé 3604, Bélinga, fr. Dec. (P!); Le Testu 1588, Issala, fl. Aug. (BM!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 7462, Pougui, fl. Sep. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Sosef et al. 695, Iboundji Mt., fr. Feb. (LBV, WAG!); Soyaux 112, Sibange, fl. Aug. (K!, P!, Z!); L. White 1182, Lopé Res., Reitsma’s plot, fl. Aug. (LBV, MO!, WAG!); Wieringa et al. 3028, near Fougamou, fr. Nov. (LBV, WAG!). — NIGERIA: Gentry & Pilz 32889, 25 km N of Oban, ster. June (MO!); Latilo FHI 30925, Boshi-Okwango F. R., fr. May (K!); Okafor & Latilo FHI 57288, Ondo, fl. Sep. (FHO!, K!); Talbot 1301, Oban, fl. (BM!, K!). — CULTA (Netherlands): de Bruijn 1904, Wageningen, seedling (WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71AFFCBFF13FE79FC90F958.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — It was with some difficulty and only after other species had been excluded that Trichoscypha dinklagei, of which all the type material was lost, could be identified as representing T. bijuga. The short pedicel, the short stamens, and the glabrous disc, as mentioned in the original description, point to this species. Trichoscypha bijuga is a common species in the region around Kribi where DINKLAGE collected the type of T. dinklagei. More than 20 out of a total of 55 collections of this species examined from Cameroun are from this area, one of which from near Kribi is here designated as the neotype.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F719FFC8FF13FC21FC2CF959.taxon	materials_examined	TYPUS. — Walker s. n., Gabon, St. Martin, ♂ fl. July 1939 (holo-, P!; iso-, WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F719FFC8FF13FC21FC2CF959.taxon	description	Medium sized tree. Branchlets appressedpubescent. Leaves 7 - 13 - foliolate; petiole and rachis appressed-puberulous; leaflets alternate to subopposite, elliptic to lanceolate, 2 - 4 times as long as wide, (4 -) 8 - 15 × (1.5 -) 2.5 - 5 cm, rounded to cuneate at base, shortly acuminate at apex, glabrous above exept for the impressed, pubescent midrib, beneath appressed-puberulous on midrib and the 9 - 12 (- 14) pairs of main lateral nerves, sparsely so to glabrous on the remaining surface. Inflorescence (sub) terminal, paniculate, compact, up to c. 5 cm long, densely bracteate until anthesis, pubescent; main bracts subtending the flower clusters boat-shaped, ± keeled, 5 - 10 mm long, appressed-pubescent outside, appressed-puberulous inside; secondary bracts and bracteoles much smaller. Flowers 4 (- 5) - merous; male flower: pedicel 2 - 3 mm long, pubescent; calyx c. 1 mm long, shortly lobed, appressed-puberulous outside; petals narrowly imbricate, spreading to reflexed, ovate-elliptic, c. 2.5 × 2 mm, glabrous; stamens inflexed, slightly shorter than petals, glabrous; disc well exposed, ± quadrate, 1.5 - 2 mm across, irregularly plicate, glabrous. Pistillode glabrous. Female flowers and fruits unknown. — Figs 1 D; 4; 6.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F719FFC8FF13FC21FC2CF959.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest of W Gabon. Alt. below 300 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F719FFC8FF13FC21FC2CF959.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — The calyx of Trichoscypha bracteata is distinctly appressed-puberulous outside in bud, but at anthesis it is glabrous or nearly so (Fig. 6 F). I have never before observed this phenomenon so clearly in a single specimen (see also BRETELER 2001: 248).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCEFF13FF6CFEF2F959.taxon	materials_examined	TYPUS. — Van der Maesen, Louis & De Bruijn 5837, Gabon, 23 km from Lastoursville, railway bridge, fr. Nov. 1988 (holo-, WAG!; iso-, G, K, LBV, MO, P).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCEFF13FF6CFEF2F959.taxon	description	Treelet c. 5 m tall, trunk 3 - 5 cm in diam. Branchlets tomentellous, hairs stellate. Leaves up to c. 80 cm long, 13 - jugate, petiole and rachis subterete, hairy like the branchlet; folioles opposite to alternate, obliquely elliptic-lanceolate, (2 -) 3 - 4 times as long as wide, (8 -) 14 - 20 × 4 - 5 cm, strongly asymmetric at base, cuneate on the proximal side, rounded to obtuse distally, apex caudate-acuminate, the acumen 2 - 2.5 cm long, ± sparsely stellate-hairy on the impressed midrib above, densely so beneath; lateral nerves 16 - 20 pairs, slightly prominent beneath; petiolule (6 -) 7 - 9 (- 10) mm long. Inflorescence borne on the main stem at c. 1.8 m height, brown-short-hairy, hairs mainly simple. Male flower unknown. Female flower (see note): pedicel c. 1 mm long, puberulous; calyx c. 1.5 mm long, puberulous outside, lobes c. 0.5 mm long; petals narrowly imbricate, reflexed at anthesis, ovate-oblong, c. 2.5 mm long, sparsely subappressed-puberulous outside; staminodes c. 1 mm long; disc ± cup-shaped, sparsely hairy inside; ovary tomentellous, stigmas sessile. Fruit red, ovoid-ellipsoid, 3.5 - 5 × 2.5 - 3.5 cm, velvety, hairs simple; pulp red. Seed ellipsoid, laterally compressed, 3.2 × 1.8 × 1.5 cm. — Figs 4; 7.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCEFF13FF6CFEF2F959.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest in Central Gabon. Alt. 300 - 400 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCEFF13FF6CFEF2F959.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — Trichoscypha debruijnii is the only species of this genus with a stellate indumentum, a feature that is quite common in the genus Lannea of the Anacardiaceae. The description of the female flower is based on some debris found attached to the infructescence. The species is named after J. DE BRUIJN, an excellent field worker and one of the collectors of the type specimen.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCCFD4EFF6DFDDEFD6C.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mildbraed 5391, Cameroun Lomie area, ♀ fl. May 1911 (holo-, B, delet.; lecto-, HBG!, designated here, isolecto-, BR!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCCFD4EFF6DFDDEFD6C.taxon	description	Tree with large crown, up to at least 35 m tall, trunk 1 m dbh. Leaves crowded at the end of the branches, up to c. 12 - jugate. Leaflets papery to coriaceous, subopposite, ovate-elliptic to oblong, rarely obovate, (11 -) 16 - 20 (- 25) × 6 - 9 cm, broadly rounded at base, acutely acuminate, glabrous above except for the ± puberulous, impressed midrib, sparsely puberulous beneath, often more densely so on the midrib and the (11 -) 13 - 20 pairs of main lateral nerves, or almost glabrous. Inflorescences borne on the thicker branches well below the leaves, more rarely on the upper part of the trunk, with large bracts subtending the main branches, ferruginous. Flowers (May, Dec.) shortly pedicellate, red. Fruits pink to red, dull, glabrous, c. 4 cm long, edible (see Notes). — Figs 1 E; 4.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCCFD4EFF6DFDDEFD6C.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Primary or old secondary rain forest of Cameroun, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. Alt. up to c. 800 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCCFD4EFF6DFDDEFD6C.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — CAMEROUN: Mildbraed 5391, Lomié region, fl. May (BR!, HBG!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Tessmann 77, Nkolentanga, fl. Dec. (K!); Wilks 3517, Alen Mt., ster. Apr. (BRLU!, WAG!); Wilks 3519, Moka, fl. May (BRLU!, WAG!). — GABON: F. J. & B. J. M. Breteler 15551, Kouamé on Assok Rd., ster. Aug. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 15709, IRET near Makokou, ster. Mar. (LBV, WAG!); Corbet 1017 SRF, Kougouleu, ster. Dec. (P!); J. M. & B. Reitsma 1230, Oveng, ster. June (LBV, WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71FFFCCFD4EFF6DFDDEFD6C.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — Trichoscypha engong was originally published as T. eugong. The epithet is based on the vernacular name “ engong ”, which was mentioned by MILDBRAED, the collector of the type, of which the duplicate at Hamburg is here designated lectotype, the holotype at Berlin having been destroyed. Either by misreading by the authors ENGLER & BREHMER (1917) or by misprinting “ engong ” became “ eugong ”. MILDBRAED himself (1922: 77) referred to this error in saying: “ Der Bulu-Name is engong nicht eugong ”. Also WILKS & ISSEMBÉ (2000) refer to this species by its vernacular name “ engong ”, which is also used in northern Gabon (Breteler c. s. 15551 and Corbet 1017 SRF). The name “ engong ” is also mentioned by ENGLER & BREHMER (1917) when they published T. tessmannii. Because the holotype at Berlin was destroyed, the isotype of this specific name at Kew has been designated lectotype. According to Mildbread 5391 and WILKS & ISSEMBÉ (2000: 96), the fruits are edible.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCDFD4EFCD7FE3AFDFA.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mann 928, Equatorial Guinea / Gabon, Gaboon R., ♂ fl. 1861 (holo-, K!; iso-, P!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCDFD4EFCD7FE3AFDFA.taxon	description	Shrub, lianescent shrub or liana. Leaves coriaceous, (1 -) 3 - 7 (- 9) - foliolate; folioles densely and minutely pustulate above, usually less apparently so beneath, glabrous above, usually except for the impressed midrib, glabrous to sparsely appressedpuberulous beneath. Flowers (July-Aug.) (sub) sessile, pale-green. Petals erect to somewhat spreading, c. 1.5 mm long; stamens ≤ petals; disc hispid. Fruits (Sep. - Nov.) sparsely appressedpuberulous, subglobose to ellipsoid, dark-red at maturity, c. 1.5 - 2.5 × 1.2 - 1.5 cm. Pulp juicy; cotyledons ± white on section. — Figs 1 G; 4.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCDFD4EFCD7FE3AFDFA.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — In coastal scrub on sandy soil, from the southern border of Equatorial Guinea to southern Gabon. Alt. 0 - 10 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCDFD4EFCD7FE3AFDFA.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — EQUATORIAL GUINEA / GABON: Mann 928, Gaboon R., fl. (K!, P!). — GABON: Breteler & Van Raalte 5534, 15 km SE Port Gentil, fr. Sep. (BR!, LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 14477, Nyanga R., S of Gamba, fl. July (LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 14491, Gamba, fl. July (LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 14600, Gamba, fr. Nov. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler et al. 14636, Gamba, fr. Nov. (WAG!); Fleury 26719, near Cap Lopez, fr. Sep. (P!); Klaine 230, Libreville, fl. b. July (P!); Klaine 233, Libreville, fl. July (P!, WAG!); Klaine 1005, Libreville, fl. July (P!); Klaine 1051, Libreville, fl. Aug. (P!); Klaine 1024, Libreville, fl. Aug. (P!, WAG!); Klaine 1193, Libreville, fr. (P!); Le Testu 1771, Mayumba, fl. Aug. (BM!, P!, WAG!); Reitsma c. s. 1262, 25 km N of Libreville, fl. July (LBV!, WAG!); Wieringa 1163, Gamba, fl. b. June (WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCCFF13FD37FB03FD13.taxon	materials_examined	TYPUS. — N. Hallé 2822, Gabon, Bélinga, ♂ fl. Oct. 1964 (holo-, P!; iso-, WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCCFF13FD37FB03FD13.taxon	description	Shrub or treelet 3 - 6 m tall. Branchlets pubescent. Leaves 7 - 8 - jugate, petiole and rachis pubescent; folioles oblong-elliptic, 2 - 4 times as long as wide, 11 - 30 × 3.5 - 7 (- 8) cm, rounded at base, caudate-acuminate, the acumen (1 -) 1.5 - 2 (- 2.5) cm long; midrib impressed above, pubescent; beneath ± sparsely pubescent and with minute brown dots, the 17 - 27 pairs of main lateral nerves parallel, slightly impressed above, prominent beneath; petiolule 5 - 10 mm long, grooved above, pubescent. Inflorescence a (sub) terminal or axillary, pubescent, loose panicle, the male inflorescence up to c. 60 cm long, the female one much shorter. Male flower 4 - merous, yellowish; pedicel ≤ 1 mm long, pubescent; calyx c. 1 mm long, pubescent; petals valvate in bud, suberect to slightly spreading, ovate with an acute tip, 1.5 mm long, 1.2 mm wide, appressed-pubescent outside, margin papillate; stamens shorter than petals, ± inflexed, glabrous; disc subquadrate, c. 1 × 1 mm, glabrous, with a small, velutinous pistillode in the centre. Female flower unknown. Fruit subglobose to ellipsoid, 2 - 2.5 × 1.8 - 2.2 cm, dark red at maturity, velvety. — Figs 1 F; 4.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCCFF13FD37FB03FD13.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest in Cameroun and Gabon. Alt. 500 - 900 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCCFF13FD37FB03FD13.taxon	materials_examined	PARATYPES. — CAMEROUN: Van Andel et al. 3717, Akom II, Nkol Dangueng, fr. Aug. (WAG!). — GABON: Cours 7011, Bélinga, fl. Oct. (MA!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71DFFCCFF13FD37FB03FD13.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — This species is named in honour of Nicolas HALLÉ, who has greatly enriched our knowledge of the Gabonese flora, not only by his very valuable collections, but also by his taxonomic treatments of several plant families.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71CFFD2FF13FDB1FE86FB95.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Soyaux 320, Gabon, Munda, ♂ fl. Nov. 1881 (holo-, B, delet.; lecto-, K!, designated here; iso-, Z!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71CFFD2FF13FDB1FE86FB95.taxon	description	Shrub-treelet up to 2.5 (- 15?, see Notes) m tall. Leaves very variable, (1 -) 3 - 5 (- 13) - foliolate; folioles variable in size and shape, from broadly elliptic to oblong-obovate, (5 -) 12 - 30 (- 40) × (2 -) 5 - 10 (- 16) cm, (1.5 -) 2 - 3 (- 5) times as long as wide, ± glabrous, beneath with minute, brown dots; lateral nerves 3 - 12 (- 17) pairs, impressed above. Flowers (Jan. - Dec.) dark red to purple; the male ones arranged in loose many-flowered panicles on thin, (2 -) 3 - 5 (- 7) mm long pedicels, the female ones in narrow panicles, borne on shorter pedicels; petals distinctly valvate. Fruits (Jan. - Dec.) ellipsoid, 1.5 - 4.5 × 1 - 2.5 cm, glabrous, orange, smooth, glossy; pulp sweet, cotyledons purple. — Figs 1 H; 4.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71CFFD2FF13FDB1FE86FB95.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest, from SE Nigeria to Congo (Brazzaville). Alt. up to c. 800 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71CFFD2FF13FDB1FE86FB95.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — CAMEROUN: Bamps 1742, Lolodorf, fr. Jan. (BR!); Bos 3718, 17 km N of Kribi, fr. Jan. (BR!, WAG!); Bos 4918, 2 km N of Longhi, fl. June (BR!, K!, MO!, P!, PRE!, UPS!, WAG!, YA); Bos 5459, 15 km N of Kribi, fl. Oct. (WAG!); Bos 6936, Ottôtomo Res., fl. May (WAG!); Dang 633, Nkolomang, fr. Mar. (P!); J. J. de Wilde 7683, Nkoemvone, fl., fr. Nov. (BR!, MO!, WAG!); J. J. de Wilde et al. 12108, Bingalanda Mts., fr. Dec. (WAG!); W. de Wilde c. s. 1557, 50 km W of Eséka, fr. Dec. (WAG!); Etuge & Thomas 154, Bakolle Bakossi, fl. May (A!); Gentry & Thomas 62430, Banyong, ster. May (MO!); Letouzey 12297, Boga, fr. Dec. (P!); Mambo et al. 15, Mbu, fl. Apr. (MO!); Mézili 47, Ngbouassa, fr. Nov. (P!); Nemba & Thomas 15, Mekom Bakossi, fl. Apr. (BR!, MA!, MO!); Tchouto et al. EGONX 186, Efoulan & Egongo hills, fr. Dec. (WAG!); Thomas 2096, Kala Mt., fl. b. May (MO!); Thomas & McLeod 5858, Korup Nat. Park, fl. b. Mar. (MO!); Zenker 2147, Bipindi, fl. (A!, BM!, COI!, G!, GOET!, K!, MO!, P!, WAG!, Z!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Cusset 672, Dimonika, ster. Nov. (P!); Sita 2942, Masseka, fl. Oct. (P!); Sita 4167, Moutouala, fr. Apr. (BR!, WAG!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Hauzer 36, Kisafu, fl. Nov. (BR!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Lejoly 93 / 410, Mbini, fr. Oct. (BRLU!); Ngomo 86, Alen Mt., fr. Mar. (BRLU!); Van Reeth 147, Chocolate Mt., fr. Jan. (BRLU!). — GABON: Breteler et al. 14959, Makandé, fr. Feb. (LBV, WAG!); J. J. de Wilde et al. 59, Kinguélé, fr. Jan. (BR!, LBV, MO!, P!, WAG!); Hallé & Villiers 5098, Mela Mt., fr. Feb. (P!); Leeuwenberg 11464, 8 km WSW Makokou, fl. Nov. (WAG!); Le Testu 1643, Issala, fl. Oct. (BM!, P!); Louis et al. 930, Mouyanama, fr. Nov. (BR!, LBV, MO!, WAG!); Reitsma et al. 2117, 13 km S of Cocobeach, fr. Apr. (WAG!); Soyaux 320, Sibange Farm, fl. Nov. (K!, Z!); L. White 1341, Lopé Reserve, fr. Feb. (LBV, MO!); Wieringa 710, Tchimbélé, fr. Mar. (WAG!). — NIGERIA: Talbot 579, Oban, fl. (BM!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F71CFFD2FF13FDB1FE86FB95.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — ENGLER (1892) described the petals of this species as “ intus minute puberulis ”. The flowers analyzed always have glabrous petals. It may be that either the flower (s) seen by ENGLER had the petals molded inside or, being finely wrinkled, were misinterpreted as finely puberulous. Trichoscypha camerunensis Engl. was published simutaneously with T. laxiflora. Its type was lost at Berlin and no duplicate has been found. As ENGLER’ s description leaves no doubt as regards the identity of T. camerunensis, a neotype has been designated accordingly. The only small difference between Trichoscypha laxiflora and T. camerunensis is found in the petals, which, for the latter are described by ENGLER as “ flavidis ”, with blackish veines (“ von schwärzlichen Adern durchzogen ”) whereas they are usually reported to be dark red to purple. Trichoscypha dusenii Engl. was validly published, although no type material was mentioned. The short description in German, however, clearly points to T. laxiflora Engl. The neotype that has been chosen, originates from the same area where Ilende, the type locality indicated by ENGLER, is situated. There are two collectors (Gentry & Thomas 62430) who described the habit of T. laxiflora as a treelet of 15 m tall, whereas all other collectors refer to it as a shrub up to at most 2.5 m tall, usually much smaller. Trichoscypha species can be variable as regards their habit (cf. T. mannii, T. reygaertii) and it may therefore also occur in this species.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F703FFD0FF13FB4AFBD7FDAF.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mann 1749, Equatorial Guinea / Gabon, River Muni, ♂ fl. Aug. (lecto-, K!; isolecto-, A!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F703FFD0FF13FB4AFBD7FDAF.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Ledermann 1720, Cameroun, Markt Singwa, Bambutoberge, ♂ fl. Dec. 1908 (holo-, B, delet.). Neotype (designated here): Sidwell 415, Cameroun, Nyasoso, ♂ fl. Oct. 1995 (WAG!). See Notes.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F703FFD0FF13FB4AFBD7FDAF.taxon	description	Trees, or more rarely, scandent shrub or liana. Leaves (4 -) 5 - 10 (- 13) - jugate; leaflets papery to coriaceous, the lowest pair sometimes close to the stem, (2 -) 10 - 25 (- 36) × (1 -) 4 - 7 (- 12) cm, with 10 - 16 pairs of main lateral nerves, ± glabrous above except for the usually pubescent, impressed midrib, ± glabrous to sparsely appressed-puberulous to pubescent beneath, usually minutely pustulate above. Inflorescence brown-velutinous, (sub) terminal or borne below the leaves. Flowers (Jan. - Dec.) with white to pinkish petals. Fruits (June-Feb.) pink to dark red, subellipsoid, up to 3 × 2 cm, densely to sparsely hairy. — Figs 1 I; 8.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F703FFD0FF13FB4AFBD7FDAF.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest of Lower Guinea and Congolia extending to the areas of the Flora of Tropical East Africa and Flora Zambesiaca. Alt. up to c. 2000 m. Also known from Upper Guinea.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F703FFD0FF13FB4AFBD7FDAF.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — ANGOLA: Gossweiler 11423, Dala, fl. Apr. (BM!, BR!, COI!). — BENIN: Adjanohoun 287, Porto Novo, fl. Sep. (K!, P!); Akoegninou 3263, Quidah, juv. fr. (WAG!). — BURUNDI: Lewalle 6124, Kumuyanga, fr. Sep. (BR!, G!, WAG!). — CAMEROUN: Bates 1406, Bitye, fl. (BM!, MO!, Z!); Bos 7348, 9 km N of Kribi, fl. Sep. (BR!, K!, P!, WAG!); Breteler 2001, Fébé Mt., fl. Nov. (A!, BR!, K!, P!, WAG!); Leeuwenberg 5335, 25 km E of Douala, fl. Apr. (BR!, WAG!); Letouzey 5888, Maka, fl. Sep. (K!, P!); Letouzey 13307, 20 km E of Bafang, fl. Nov. (P!, WAG!); Letouzey 13505, 25 km W of Foumban, fl. Dec. (P!); Sidwell et al. 415, Kupé Mt., fl. Oct. (WAG!); Tchouto et al. 2840, Efoulan, fl. Apr. (WAG!); Ujor FHI 30407, Bamenda, ster. (K!); Zenker 3509, Bipindi, fl. (BM!, BR!, G!, GOET!, HBG!, K!, P!, Z!). — CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: Tisserant (Équipe) 1459, Boukoko, fl. Apr. (BM!, BR!, P!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Champluvier 5185, Odzala, fr. Dec. (BR!, WAG!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Desenfans 1993, Lubilash, juv. fr. Aug. (BR!); Devred 1983, Panzi, fl. June (BR!); Devred 2076, Tono, fl. June (BR!, MO!); Evrard 3427, Bumba, ster. Feb. (BR!, K!); Germain 944, Yandja Lake, fr. June (BR!); Gorbatoff 287, Likete, fr. July (BR!); A. Léonard 3868, Kimbili, fl. Apr. (BR!, K!, WAG!); A. Léonard 5118, Kalengera, fr. July (BR!, K!, WAG!); Pierlot 2880, Bitale, fl. b. May (K!, WAG!); Pynaert 1118, Eala, fl. b. Feb. (BR!, K!); Vanderyst 12416, Bampumu, fr. Oct. (BR!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Eneme & Lejoly 74, Etembue, fl. Aug. (BRLU!); Mann 1749, Muni R., fl. Aug. (A!, K!, P!). — GABON: N. Hallé 3229, Bélinga, juv. fr. Nov. (P!); Hladik 1871, Ipassa, fr. Dec. (P!); Leeuwenberg & Persoon 13485, Cap Esterias, fr. Sep. (K!, LBV, MA!, MO!, WAG!); Le Testu 1586, Midounga, fl. Aug. (BM!, P!); Le Testu 6086, Mandji, fl. Sep. (BM!, BR!); Le Testu 6314, Boulembo, fl. Oct. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 7619, Lastoursville, fl. Nov. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 8273, Mogoumou, fl. b. Aug. (BM!, BR!, P!); Le Testu 8326, Iméno, fl. Sep. (BM!, BR!); Reitsma c. s. 1256, 25 km NE Libreville, fl. July (LBV, WAG!); Sosef et al. 558, Lopé, fl. Oct. (LBV, WAG!). — KENYA: Graham 1695, Kwale, fl. b. (FHO!). — MALAWI: Chapman 610, Mlanje Mt., fl. July (BR!, FHO!, K!, MO!); Muller 1618, Nkata Bay, fl. Sep. (K!). — MOZAMBIQUE: Torre & Correia 16511, Malema, fr. Dec. (BR!, COI!, K!); Van Niekerk SA 503, Mutolo, juv. fr. Aug. (K!). — NIGERIA: Dalziel 1229, Lagos, Ikoyi Plains, fl. Oct. (K!); Daramola FHI 32798, Koko R., fr. Feb. (BR!, K!, WAG!); Latilo FHI 31823, Akpara, fr. June (K!). — TANZANIA: Bruce 807, Tanana, fl. b. Feb. (BM!, K!); Burtt Davy 22366, Pemba I., fr. Oct. (FHO!); Drummond & Hemsley 1750, Bondwa Hill, fl. Mar. (BR!, K!); Harley 9199, Pasagulu, fl. Aug. (K!); Kayombo 803, Uhafiwa-Luhega, fr. Aug. (MO!, WAG!); Lovett & Thomas 2656 A, Kanga MT., fl. Dec. (MO!); Rodgers et al. 2780, northern Pemba I., fr. Dec. (K!); Schlieben 2724, Morogoro, fl. Sep. (A!, B!, BR!, G!, HBG!, MO!, P!); Semsei 2559, Liwiri-Kiteza F. R., fl. Oct. (FHO!, K!). — UGANDA: Eggeling 5826, Ankole, fr. June (K!); Hafashimana 563, Kayonza, fl. Apr. (K!). — ZAMBIA: Angus 509 A, Mwinilunga, ster. Sep. (FHO!, K!); Fanshawe 3555, Kawambwa, juv. fr. Aug. (BR!, K!); Fanshawe 4922, Mporokoso, fr. Oct. (BR!, FHO!, K!); Fanshawe 8730, Luwingu, fl. May (FHO!, K!, P!); Fanshawe 8788, Kansama, fl. July (FHO!, K!). — ZIMBABWE: McGregor M 37 / 48, Chimanimani Mts., fl. Aug. (FHO!, K!). — CULTA (Netherlands): de Bruijn 2256, Wageningen, fl. Dec. (WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F703FFD0FF13FB4AFBD7FDAF.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — In Upper Guinea Trichoscypha lucens has always been reported as a shrub or small tree, the lectotype from outside this area, collected by Mann, being the only exception (BRETELER 2001: 261). Although the material from Lower Guinea and Congolia has a similar habit, a few collectors have described plants as lianas or lianescent shrubs, e. g., Leeuwenberg 5335 from Cameroun, Devred 1980 and 2076 from Congo (Kinshasa), and Lewalle 6124 from Burundi. The neotypes chosen for three synonyms, T. coriacea, T. ledermannii, and T. pallidiflora, have, as far as possible, been selected according to the origin of the type material (which appears to have been lost at Berlin) and the original description. Of the 12 new species described for the Flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi by VAN DER VEKEN (1959, 1966), seven are treated here as synonyms of T. lucens, one of the very variable species of Trichoscypha and the most wide spread. VAN DER VEKEN (1960) distinguished these seven species both by habit and leaflet characteristics, such as shape, size, texture, and details of the acumen. These elements have proven to be of little or no value for specific segregation.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F701FFD7FD4EFD73FBFDFEDE.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mann 941, Equatorial Guinea / Gabon, Gaboon R., lat. 1 ° N., ♀ fl. July 1861 (holo-, K!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F701FFD7FD4EFD73FBFDFEDE.taxon	description	Shrub-treelet up to 6 m tall, or tree up to c. 15 m tall, trunk 15 cm dbh, or liana up to at least 25 m high. Leaves up to 17 - jugate, up to c. 1 m long, with hispid to pubescent to tomentose petiole and rhachis, the lowest pair of leaflets sometimes close to the stem; leaflets usually papery, ovate-elliptic to oblong lanceolate, (8 -) 12 - 20 (- 27) × (1 -) 3 - 8 (12) cm, up to 13 times as long as wide, usually slender-tipped, mostly with long hairs, but sometimes pubescent to tomentose to glabrous or nearly so. Inflorescences (sub) terminal or axillary, shorter than the leaves, hispid or soft-hairy. Flowers (Mar. - Oct.), petals (2.5) 3 - 5 mm long, usually dark-red. Fruits (May-Dec.) subovoid-ellipsoid, usually beaked, (2 -) 3 - 3.5 (- 4) × 1 - 1.5 cm, dark-red at maturity, ± densely to sparsely hairy. — Figs 2 A; 9; 10.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F701FFD7FD4EFD73FBFDFEDE.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest from Nigeria to Congo (Brazzaville). Alt. up to c. 300 m. Also known from Upper Guinea.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F701FFD7FD4EFD73FBFDFEDE.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — CAMEROUN: Binuyo & Daramola FHI 35596, Kumba, fl. Mar. (K!, P!, WAG!); Nemba & Thomas 7, Konye, fl. Apr. (MO!); Tchouto et al. 3050, Mobiogo on Dipikar I., fl. Sep. (WAG!); Tchouto et al. 3253, Massif des Mamelles, fl. Apr. (WAG!); Tchouto et al. ONOX 273, Onoyong, fl. Mar. (WAG!); Zenker 80, Bipindi, fl. Mar. (K!, P!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Moutsambote & Dowsett-Lemaire 4521, Koubotchi, juv. fr. Sep. (BR!). — GABON: Breteler & Van Raalte 5652, Gamba, fr. Sep. (BR!, LBV!, WAG!); Breteler 5767, 50 km SE Lambaréné, fr. Oct. (WAG!); Breteler et al. 9746, Rabi, near Echira R., ster. Apr. (WAG!); Breteler & Jongkind 10340, Mondah, fr. Nov. (WAG!); Breteler c. s. 15548, Assok road, fl. b. Aug. (LBV!, WAG!); Chevalier 26975, Agonenzorck, fr. Oct. (P!); Klaine 49, Libreville, juv. fr. July (P!); Le Testu 1586 bis, Issala, fr. Oct. (P!); Louis et al. 1311, Waka, fr. Dec. (WAG!); Reitsma c. s. 1359, 40 km SW Doussala, juv. fr. Aug. (WAG!); Reitsma c. s. 2608, Lopé Res., fr. Nov. (LBV!, WAG!). — NIGERIA: Latilo & Oguntayo FHI 67725, Bendiga Ayuk, fr. Feb. (WAG!); Mann 2238, Old Calabar R., fl., fr. (K!, P!); Talbot 1681, Oban, fl. (BM!, WAG!). — CULTA (Netherlands): De Bruijn 1894, Wageningen, seedling (WAG!); Van Veldhuizen 1384, Wageningen, seedling (WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F701FFD7FD4EFD73FBFDFEDE.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — The variability in shape of the leaflets of Trichoscypha mannii is illustrated in Figure 9. The type of the synonym T. gambana (Fig. 9 A) represents one of the extreme leaflet shapes within the species, but its flowers are unmistakably of T. mannii. More or less the same holds for the other synonyms. Neotypes have been designated for two of the synonyms whose original type material was destroyed at Berlin. They were selected taking into account the original description and the origin of types.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD7FD4EFE83FC89FAAC.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Le Testu 2034, Gabon, Mobila-Mwirri, ♂, ♀ fl. Mar. 1915 (holo-, P!; iso-, BM! (♂), BR! (♀), G! (♂), WAG! (♂, ♀ )).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD7FD4EFE83FC89FAAC.taxon	description	Tree c. 12 m tall. Branches, petioles, rhachis, and petiolules appressed-puberulous, more sparsely so on the leaflets beneath. Leaves 7 - 10 - jugate; leaflets coriaceous, opposite to subopposite, oblong-lanceolate, 12 - 18 (- 20) × 3.5 - 6 (- 7) cm, midrib impressed above, prominent beneath; margin of leaflets ± revolute; petiolules c. 8 - 10 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, up to c. 30 cm long. Flowers purplish; calyx, petals outside as well as anthers dark-brown appressedhairy; petals cucculate at apex; anthers of male flowers 3 - 3.5 mm long, longer than the filaments. Disc and ovary velutinous. Fruits unknown. — Figs 4; 11.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD7FD4EFE83FC89FAAC.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest in SW Gabon. Only known from the type locality. Alt. below 300 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD7FD4EFE83FC89FAAC.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — The type specimen of T. nyangensis consists of a mixture of leaves and female as well as male flowers. The collector, LE TESTU, was not certain about the flowers, whether they were: “ polygames? dioiques? Je crois plutôt polygames ”. More collections with better field observations are needed to see whether T. nyangensis is dioecious like all other members of the genus or not (but see also Notes under T. rubicunda).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD5FD4EFA75FD0BFA11.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Oddon in coll. J. Gillet 3659, Congo (Kinshasa), Sanda, ♂, ♀ fl. juv. fr. 1904 (holo-, BR!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD5FD4EFA75FD0BFA11.taxon	description	Unbranched or poorly branched tree up to 26 m tall, trunk to 50 cm dbh. Leaves crowded at the top of the stem or branches, up to 2.50 m long, (16 -) 20 - 28 - jugate. Leaflets lanceolate to oblong, (13 -) 22 - 35 (- 50) × (2.5 -) 7 - 10 (- 12) cm, with (10 -) 15 - 24 (- 34) pairs of main lateral nerves, usually pubescent beneath. Inflorescences borne on the lower part (≤ 5 m) of the stem, the male ones up to 30 × 25 cm, the female ones up to 15 cm long. Bracts of the inflorescence 3.5 - 5 × 2 - 3.5 cm, deciduous. Flowers (Jan. - Mar., Sep. - Dec.) pink to wine-red. Fruits (Jan. - Feb., Apr. - July, Oct. - Dec.) subellipsoid, up to 7 × 4 cm, puberulous to slightly velutinous, sparsely so or not, (partly) glabescent, dark-red at maturity, edible. — Figs 2 B; 10.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD5FD4EFA75FD0BFA11.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest, from Cameroun to western Congo (Kinshasa) and Angola (Cabinda). Alt. up to c. 600 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD5FD4EFA75FD0BFA11.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — ANGOLA: Gossweiler 6882, Buco Zau, fl. Dec. (BM!, COI!, K!). — CAMEROUN: Binuyo & Daramola FHI 35599, Kumba, fl. Feb. (K!, WAG!); Leeuwenberg 10010, near Nkongsamba, fl., fr. June (BR!, P!, WAG!); Letouzey 13717, 20 km WNW of Mamfe, fl. June (P!); Van Andel et al. 3452, Elephant Mt., juv. fr. May (SCA, WAG!, YA); Zenker 3554, Bipindi, fl. (BR!, G!, GOET!, HBG!, K!, P!, Z!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Bouquet 1735, Sibiti-Zanaga Rd., Isieré, ster. Oct. (P!); Koechlin 3997, forêt de Bangou, fl. Dec. (BR!); Mabiala 795, Mamboma, juv. fr. Nov. (P!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Davio 17, forêt de Kinganga, ster. Dec. (BR!, K!, WAG!); de Briey 154, Ganda-Sundi, fl. (BR!); Toussaint 139, Luki, ster. Jan. (BR!, K!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Tessmann 66, Bebao, fl. Nov. (HBG!, K!). — GABON: Bourobou 110, Makokou, fl. Dec. (LBV, WAG!); J. J. de Wilde c. s. 11196, 11197, Gamba, fl. Nov. (WAG!); F. Hallé 4572, Makandé, ster. Feb. (WAG!); Le Testu 1263, Tchibanga, fl. Dec. (BM!, BR!, P!); Le Testu 7855, Lastoursville, fl. Dec. (BM!, P!, WAG!); McPherson 13799, S of Ayem, fl. Mar. (LBV, MO!, P!); Reitsma & Louis 1856, 29 km ESE of Médouneu, fr. Feb. (WAG!); Wieringa et al. 4131, 11 km WSW of Gongué, fr. Jan. (BR!, LBV, WAG!); Wilks 2557, Otouma, fr. Jan. (MO!). — CULTA: Congo (Kinshasa): Hombert 224, 252, 327, 351, 371, I. N. E. A. C. Luki, seedling (BR!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F706FFD5FD4EFA75FD0BFA11.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — ENGLER & BREHMER (1917) cited seven different collections in their protologue of Trichoscypha abut. One of these, Zenker 3554, the best distributed collection, has been designated as the lectotype. Trichoscypha oddonii is very closely related to T. acuminata and it may be questioned if these two taxa should be maintained at the species level or wether they might better be treated as varieties. The separation is now based on their leaf characteristics only, as the flowers do not offer reliable elements for specific distinction. In T. acuminata e. g., the disc is quite often hairy, but in T. oddonii the presence of a glabrous disc is not a constant character as a hairy disc has been observed in McPherson 13799, whose leaves at least are clearly T. oddonii. In Cameroun, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon Amvout or Amvut is the vernacular name for both species (WILKS & ISSEMBÉ 2000: 94). The local population distinguishes the two based on the tast of their fruits: in T. oddonii they are said to be slightly more acid. Additional fieldwork is needed to determine whether the species can be maintained as distinct.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F704FFDAFF13F9C9FBC0FA4C.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mann 1830, Equatorial Guinea / Gabon, River Muni, 1 ° N, ♀ fl. Sept. (holo-, K!). Trichoscypha parviflora Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 15: 108 (1892). — Type: Soyaux 115, Gabon, Sibange Farm, ♂ fl. Aug. 1880 (holo- B, delet.; lecto-, designated here, P!; iso-, K!, Z!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F704FFDAFF13F9C9FBC0FA4C.taxon	description	Treelet to tree up to 20 (- 50?) m tall. Leaves up to c. 1 m long, 3 - 6 (- 10?) - jugate. Branches, petiole, rhachis and leaflets beneath puberulous, appressedly or not. Leaflets (sub) opposite to alternate, oblong-lanceolate to ovate-elliptic or oblong- obovate, (8 -) 15 - 20 (- 32) × (3 -) 4 - 8 (12) cm, rounded to cuneate at base, apex acuminate, the acumen 1 - 1.5 cm long, midrib impressed above, main lateral nerves (9 -) 14 - 17 (- 20) pairs, ± indistinct above, prominent beneath. Inflorescence terminal to axillary, usually widely branched, up to at least 50 cm long. Flowers (Jan. - Mar., June-Oct.) usually dark red to purple, also reported as yellow to orange, 4 - 5 (- 6) - merous. Fruits (June-Dec.) red at maturity, distinctly obliquely ovoid, acute to apiculate at apex, slightly laterally compressed, up to 30 × 20 mm, ± appressed-puberulous, sometimes also with a white mold-like indumentum. — Figs 2 C; 12.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F704FFDAFF13F9C9FBC0FA4C.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest, from Cameroun to Congo (Kinshasa). Not collected in Congo (Brazzaville). Alt. up to c. 600 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F704FFDAFF13F9C9FBC0FA4C.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — ANGOLA: Mounteiro & Murta 288, Chiaca, fl. June (COI!). — CAMEROUN: Annet 332, Lolodorf, fr. June (P!); Bos 3373, 7.5 km Kribi-Ebolowa, fr. Nov. (K!, P!, WAG! YA); Tchouto et al. LIKOX 56, Massif des Mamelles, fl. June (WAG!); Tchouto & Elad ONOX 204, Onoyong, fl. Mar. (WAG!); Thomas 286, Tissongo Lake, fl. Jan. (K!); Zenker 2904, Bipindi, fl. (BM!, BR!, G!, GOET!, K!, Z!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Dechamps 219, Bena-Longo, fr. Dec. (BR!, K!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Lejoly & Elad 98 / 161, Ngoma, fl. Aug. (BRLU!); Mann 1830, River Muni, juv. fr. Sep. (K!). — GABON: Breteler et al. 12830, Assok, fr. Sep. (WAG!); J. J. de Wilde c. s. 11823, Lopé Res., fr. Dec. (WAG!); Klaine 2953, near Libreville, fl. July (P!, WAG!); Le Testu 1587, Midounga, fl. Aug. (BM!, P!); Le Testu 2100, Nyanga, fl. Sep. (A!, BM!, K!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 8409, Poupa, fl. Oct. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Soyaux 115, Sibange Farm, fl. Aug. (K!, P!, Z!); Trilles 26, Ngum, fl. (P!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F704FFDAFF13F9C9FBC0FA4C.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — L ECOMTE (1906: 647) and PELLEGRIN (1922: 316) were well aware of the doubtful status of several of the previously described Trichoscypha species and even of those that they recognized as new. When based on a single male or female flowering specimen, several of these species, LECOMTE (1906) stipulated, were to be reduced to synonymy in a future revision. He placed both his T. gabonensis and T. macrophylla close to T. oliveri but distinguished them on the size of the leaflets and the length of the pedicel, characters that have since proven to be of limited use for specific segregation. PELLEGRIN (1922) distinguished T. parvifloroides with female flowers from the type of T. parviflora with male flowers based on flower size alone, although the types are, in his words, “ tout à fait semblable ”. In T. oliveri, as in many other species, it has been shown that the best characters for specific distinction are found in the flowers and not or hardly in the vegetative elements.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70BFFDBFD4EFA14FB5FFAC9.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mann 1847, Equatorial Guinea, Corisco Bay, ♀ fl. Sep. 1862 (holo-, K!; iso-, A!, P!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70BFFDBFD4EFA14FB5FFAC9.taxon	materials_examined	— Syntypes: Preuss 1206, 1293, Cameroun, Bimbia, ♂ fl. Mar. - May (B, delet.; lecto-, Preuss 1206, P!, designated here).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70BFFDBFD4EFA14FB5FFAC9.taxon	description	Tree up to 22 m tall, trunk to 40 cm in diam., or liana? (see Notes). Leaves up to c. 80 cm long, 3 - 5 (- 7) - jugate; leaflets usually alternate, ± coriaceous, ± glabrous, elliptic to obovate or oblong, (5 -) 10 - 18 (- 26) × (2 -) 3 - 7 (- 9) cm, apex caudateacuminate, the acumen 1.5 (- 2) cm long, midrib raised (at least plane) above; lateral nerves (5 -) 7 - 11 (- 14) pairs. Inflorescence a panicle to 60 × 30 cm, (sub) terminal, loose, usually pendulous. Flowers (Jan. - Dec.) yellowish. Fruits (Feb. - Dec.) red, ellipsoid, laterally compressed or not, up to 4 × 3 cm, smooth, glabrous. — Figs 2 D; 10.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70BFFDBFD4EFA14FB5FFAC9.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest from Nigeria to Congo (Kinshasa), not recorded from Congo (Brazzaville) or Cabinda (Angola). Alt. up to 650 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70BFFDBFD4EFA14FB5FFAC9.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — CAMEROUN: Bates 1848, Bitye, fl. (FHO!, K!, P!); Bos 3279, 13 km Kribi-Ebolowa, juv. fr. Nov. (BR!, WAG!); Breteler 1843, 16 km Bertoua-Deng Deng, fr. Sep. (P!, WAG!, YA); Breteler 2847, Djemiong, fl. Apr. (A!, BR!, K!, P!, WAG!, Z!); J. J. de Wilde 7657, Nkolandom I, fl. Oct. (BR!, K!, MA!, WAG!, YA); Elad & Tchouto 1496, Akok, fr. Dec. (WAG!); Letouzey 3286, between Goyoum and Lindii, ster. Jan. (P!); Letouzey 10262, Zingui, fl. Apr. (BR!, COI!, HBG!, K!, P!, WAG!); Maitland 182, Limbe (Victoria), fl. Jan. (K!); Milbraed 5163, Lomié, fl. May (HBG!); Nemba & Thomas 118, Konye, fr. June (A!, B!, BR!, MO!, P!, WAG!); Tchouto & Elad ELEX 8, Bidou, Elephant Mt., juv. fr. Oct. (WAG!); Thomas 4808, Bai, fl. May, (K!); Thomas & Mambo 8220, Banyu, fl. Apr. (P!); Waterman & Mckey 833, Tissongo Lake, fl. June (K!); Zenker 2976, Bipindi, fl. b. (B!, BM!, BR!, COI!, G!, GOET!, K!, MO!, P!, WAG!, Z!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Dubois 306, Kinganga Forest, fr. May (BR!, WAG!); Davio 26, Mvuazi, fl. Dec. (G!, K!, WAG!); Wagemans 1937, Gimbi, ster. Mar. (BR!, K!, WAG!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Lisowski M 98, Jandye, fl. b. Aug. (BRLU!); Mann 1847, Corisco Bay, fl. Sep. (A!, K!, P!). — GABON: Breteler & Jongkind 10848, 30 km E of Lastoursville, fl. Nov. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler c. s. 13105, 20 - 30 km NNW of Ndjolé, fl. Sep. (WAG!); Breteler et al. 14943, Makandé, fr. Feb. (LBV, WAG!); J. J. de Wilde et al. 11694, Ngounié, fr. Dec. (LBV, WAG!); Floret 1880, Booué, fl. Oct. (MA!, P!); Hladik 1881, Ipassa, fr. Dec. (P!); Klaine 633, near Libreville, fr. Dec. (P!); Klaine 1028, near Libreville, fl. July (P!); Le Testu 7459, Moupeyou, fl. Sep. (BM!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 8576, Iwatchi, fl. Dec. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 9209, Mbabou, fl. July (BM!, BR!, MA!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 9327, Mitzic, fl. Oct. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 9398, Oyem, fl. Nov. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); McPherson 15677, S of Ayem, fr. Dec. (LBV!, MO!); Reitsma c. s. 1477, Oveng, fl. Sep. (MO!, WAG!). — NIGERIA: Latilo & Oguntayo FHI 67724, Bendiga-Ayuk, fl. Feb. (K!, WAG!); Onochie FHI 32911, Stubbs Creek F. R., fl. May (K); Talbot 1725, Oban, fl. (BM!, K!). — CULTA (Netherlands): Breteler 3025, Wageningen, seedling (WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70BFFDBFD4EFA14FB5FFAC9.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — Although most collectors report the habit of Trichoscypha patens as a tree, some do not. Mann noted for the type of this species “ climbing plant of 30 ft ”, and also Klaine (Nos 633 and 1028) noted the habit as “ liana ”. In two other cases (Breteler & Jongkind 10848; Hladik 1881) the collectors noted “ liana? ” Trichoscypha patens, like many other species thus appears to be very variable in habit, although it is usually a tree. VAN DER VEKEN (1960) cited under this species A. Léonard 5945 from Kamusuku in Kivu, in eastern Congo (Kinshasa) (BR), a locality that is more than 1200 km away from the known limit of distribution of this species. The specimen, with flower buds only, is reported to have red inflorescences that exhibit the more dense indumentum characteristic of T. arborea. However, the latter species has an even more westerly distribution than of T. patens. More collections from Kivu are thus needed to ascertain to which species this specimen should be assigned.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70AFFD8FD4EFA91FDB7FABD.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Michelson 895, Congo (Kinshasa), Kamakobola-Kifuku, ♂ fl. Feb. 1949 (holo-, BR!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70AFFD8FD4EFA91FDB7FABD.taxon	description	Shrub 2 - 8 m tall. Leaves 8 - 11 - jugate, up to at least 1 m long, crowded at the top of the branches; leaflets ovate to oblong-lanceolate, (6 -) 12 - 25 (- 30) × (3 -) 5 - 7 cm, with obtuse to subcordate base and long-acuminate apex; lateral nerves c. (10 -) 14 - 20 pairs. Inflorescence on the basal part of the trunk. Flowers (Feb.) red. Fruits (July) ± ellipsoid, 2.5 - 2.8 × 1.5 - 1.7 cm, glabrous. — Figs 2 E; 13.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70AFFD8FD4EFA91FDB7FABD.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Montane forest in eastern Congo (Kinshasa). Alt. 800 - 1200 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F70AFFD8FD4EFA91FDB7FABD.taxon	materials_examined	SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — CONGO (Kinshasa): A. Léonard 5154, Tope-tope, fr. July (BR!); Michelson 895, Kamakobola-Kifuku, fl. Feb. (BR!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F709FFD9FF13FA75FB37FD4D.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Reygaert 94, Congo (Kinshasa), Dundusana, ♂ fl. Feb. 1913 (holo-, BR!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F709FFD9FF13FA75FB37FD4D.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Mildbraed 3558, Congo (Kinshasa), Kimuenza, juv. fr. Sep. 1910 (holo-, B, delet.; lecto-, designated here, HBG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F709FFD9FF13FA75FB37FD4D.taxon	description	Shrub up to ± 5 m high, tree to 15 m tall with trunk 30 - 40 cm diam., or liana up to c. 15 cm thick. Leaves (2 -) 3 - 6 (- 7) - jugate. Folioles (sub) opposite to alternate, oblong-elliptic to lanceolate, (1.5 -) 2 - 4 (- 4.5) times as long as wide, (3.5 -) 9 - 18 (- 25) × (1.5 -) 3.5 - 7 (- 10) cm, glabrous above exept for the impressed, usually pubescent midrib above, beneath sparsely appressedpuberulous to (sub) glabrous; apex usually caudate-acuminate, the acumen (1 -) 1.5 - 2 (- 3) cm long; lateral nerves (7 -) 9 - 14 (- 18) pairs. Inflorescences terminal to axillary or, more rarely, borne below the leaves, widely branched, up to at least 55 cm long, pubescent to puberulous, often mixed with a patchy, arachnoid to mold-like, white indumentum, this sometimes also present on leaflets beneath. Flowers (Feb. - Oct.) yellowish, 4 (- 5) merous. Fruits (July-Dec.), subglobose to obovoid-ellipsoid, 1.5 - 2.5 × 1.5 - 2 cm, smooth, glabrous. — Figs 2 F; 13.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F709FFD9FF13FA75FB37FD4D.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest of Cameroun, Gabon, Congo (Brazzaville) and Congo (Kinshasa). Not yet collected in Equatorial Guinea. Alt. up to c. 1000 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F709FFD9FF13FA75FB37FD4D.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — CAMEROUN: Tchouto & Elad 3319, Elephant Mt., fl. b. Oct. (WAG!); Tchouto & Elad ONOX 219, Onoyong, fl. b. Mar. (WAG!); Van Andel et al. 4215, Boussebeliga, fl. Oct. (WAG!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Descoings 8793, Etoumbi region, fl. Aug. (BR!); Sita 4732, between Missandra and Koyi, fr. Nov. (BR!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Breyne 3157, Ngaenke Lake, fr. Dec. (BR!); Germain 4866, Yangambi, fl. Apr. (BR!); Germain 7507, Mukumari, fr. June (BR!); Goossens 2874, Bumba, fl. May (BR!); Goossens 2984, Barumbu, fl. May (BR!, K!); Hart 411, Epulu, fl. (BR!); Abena in Hart 1656, Afarama, fl. Mar. (BR!, K!); Lebrun 6085, between Kindu and Katako Kombe, fl. Aug. (BR!, K!); A. Léonard 772, Yangambi, fl. June (BR!); Lescrauwaet 181, Lubi, fl. Sep. (BR!); Louis 8976, Yambao, fl. Apr. (BR!); Mildbraed 3558, Kimuenza, juv. fr. Sep. (HBG!); Reygaert 94, Dundusana fl. Feb. (BR!); Vanderyst 12365, Ipamu, fl. Oct. (BR!). — GABON: Bernard 1391 SRF, km 78 Kango Rd., fl. Aug. (LBV!); Breteler c. s. 13126, 20 - 30 km NNW Ndjolé, juv. fr. Oct. (WAG!); Breteler et al. 14501, Gamba, fl. July (LBV, WAG!); Breteler & de Wilde 286, near Assok, fl. Aug. (MO!, WAG!); Breteler & de Wilde 659, Bélinga, fl. Sep. (BR!, LBV, MO!, WAG!); Gentry 33583, Bélinga, fr. July (MO!, WAG!); Le Testu 5986, Etoughi, fl. July (BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 6055, Mogoumou, fl. Sep. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 8353, Mouila (Poubi), fl. Sep. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Wieringa 1276, Gamba, fl. July (WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F709FFD9FF13FA75FB37FD4D.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — The synonymy of this species reflects its extreme variation in habit from a medium sized tree (T. lescrauwaetii, T. arborescens) to a vigorous liana (T. altescandens, T. scandens). VAN DER VEKEN (1960) separated the species he recognized based on their habit only, which seems to me not acceptable. I have tried to find additional characters, but failed. Therefore I conclude that this variation has to be accepted as belonging to a single species. This is strongly supported by a pair of specimens collected in the Epulu area in Ituri, in eastern Congo (Kinshasa): Hart 411 (a tree) and Abena in coll. Hart 1656 (a liana). These specimens are otherwise so much alike that separation in two different species on account of their difference in habit seems quite unacceptable.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F708FFDFFD4EFD15FDD5FA72.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Klaine 251, Gabon, near Libreville, ♂, ♀ fl. July (holo-, P; iso-, WAG!). See Notes.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F708FFDFFD4EFD15FDD5FA72.taxon	materials_examined	— Type: Klaine 1444, Gabon, near Libreville, fr. Nov. (lecto-, designated here P!; isolecto-, WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F708FFDFFD4EFD15FDD5FA72.taxon	description	Shrub to medium sized tree, 1.5 - 26 m tall and trunk up to 25 cm dbh. Leaves (4 -) 5 - 12 - jugate; leaflets ovate-lanceolate to oblong, up to c. 5 times as long as wide, (11 -) 17 - 25 (- 35) × (3 -) 5 - 7 (- 11) cm, with a 1 - 2 cm long acumen; midrib impressed above; lateral nerves 12 - 20 pairs. Inflorescence (sub) terminal to axillary, rarely borne below the leaves, the male ones up to at least 70 cm long, the female ones up to 110 cm long, pubescent to puberulous, often also with a more or less patchy, whitish arachnoid or moldlike indumentum. Flowers (Jan. - Apr., June-Sep.) 4 - 5 - merous, pink to red. Fruits (Feb., Sep. - Nov.) red, ovoid-ellipsoid, 1.5 - 2 × 1 - 1.5 cm, appressedshort-hairy, usually also with a whitish, arachnoid to mold-like indumentum. — Figs 2 G; 10; 14.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F708FFDFFD4EFD15FDD5FA72.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest of Cameroun, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Congo (Brazzaville). Alt. up to 1200 m.	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F708FFDFFD4EFD15FDD5FA72.taxon	materials_examined	SELECTED SPECIMENS. — CAMEROUN: Bos 6797, 17 km N of Kribi, fl. Apr. (WAG!); Cable et al. 1573, Etinde, fl. Mar. (K!); Elad 135, Kupé Mt., Nyasso, fl. Mar. (K!); Elad & Tchouto 1360, Campo-Ma’an area, Mvini, fr. Feb. (WAG!); Van Andel et al. 4172, Elephant Mt., fr. Oct. (WAG!). — CONGO (Brazzaville): Aké-Assi 17049, Itsibou valley, fl. July (G!); de Foresta 1038, between Mvouti and Bamba Mt., fl. July (P!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Eneme 471, Yandye, fl. July (BRLU!, WAG!). — GABON: N. Hallé 3159, Bélinga, fr. Nov. (P!); Klaine 251, near Libreville, fl. July (P!, WAG!); Klaine 1086, near Libreville, fl. Sep. (P!, WAG!); Le Testu 1584, Midounga, fl. Aug. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 5468, Mouila, fl. July (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 8848, Pougou Matsima, fl. June (BM!, P!); Reitsma et al. 862, Oveng, juv. fr. May (BR!, MO!, WAG!); Walker s. n., St. Martin, fl. July (P!, WAG!).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
03AD3555F708FFDFFD4EFD15FDD5FA72.taxon	discussion	NOTES. — Klaine 251, the type of Trichoscypha rubicunda contains, male as well as female flowers. It is not clear whether flowers of both sexes were collected from the same individual, probably not, as they are found on different branches. A few specimens assigned to this species have inflorescences borne on the leafy shoot as well as on the trunk, e. g., de Foresta 1038 and Le Testu 1584, a phenomenon that also occurs occasionally in the other non cauliflorous species. The variation in habit seen in T. rubicunda is remarkable. Flowers and / or fruits have been collected from small shrubs as well as from medium sized trees of 25 m tall. In most species of Trichoscypha with variation in habit this differs somewhat, involving the presence of a lianescent habit along with shrubs or trees (see also under T. reygaertii).	en	Breteler, F. J. (2004): The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision. Adansonia (3) 26 (1): 97-127, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259
