identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03AA87C7FF9DFFE8FDF3F9556237C294.text	03AA87C7FF9DFFE8FDF3F9556237C294.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Machaerotypus Uhler 1896	<div><p>Genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896</p><p>Figs 1–6, 8</p><p>Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896: 30 .</p><p>Machaerotypus – Goding 1931: 303. — Kato 1940: 147. — Funkhouser 1950: 207. — Metcalf &amp; Wade 1965: 416. — Chou &amp; Yuan 1981: 103. — McKamey 1998: 70. — Yuan &amp; Chou 1988: 72; 2002: 254.</p><p>Type species</p><p>Machaerotypus sellatus Uhler, 1896 = M. sibirica (Lethierry, 1896) .</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Body usually with bright red markings. Head with vertex slightly to strongly arcuate dorsally, ventral margins oblique. Ocelli ovoid, closer to inner margin of eyes than to each other. Suprahumeral horns rounded, each with crescent-shaped ridge, not extended laterad of humeral angles. Posterior pronotal process mostly concealing scutellum, depressed at base, flat or with slight bulge in center. Humeral angle triangular and stout. Callosity smooth or slightly bristly. Scutellum exposed on both sides and at apex. Forewing multi-striped or hyaline, base with opaque sclerotization. Metathoracic tibia with three longitudinal rows of cucullate setae, trochanter without teeth.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Compared with Yuan &amp; Chou’s (2002) record, pronotum characteristics of four species, M. subinermis, M. ishiharai, M. stigmosus Li &amp; Chen sp.nov., and M. nodulus Li &amp; Chen sp.nov., were supplemented, and the key to species of Machaerotypus was updated based on Yuan &amp; Chou (2002).</p><p>Host plant</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China, Japan, Russia, Korea (Fig. 7).</p><p>Checklist of species of Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896</p><p>M. arisanus (Kato, 1928); Japan, China (Taiwan).</p><p>M. camelliae Chou &amp; Yuan, 1981; China (Yunnan).</p><p>M. ishiharai Kato, 1940; Japan (Honshu).</p><p>M. mali Chou &amp; Yuan, 1981; China (Shaanxi).</p><p>M. nodulus Li &amp; Chen sp. nov.; China (Guizhou).</p><p>M. rubromarginatus Kato, 1940; China (Shaanxi, Liaoning).</p><p>M. rubronigris Funkhouser, 1938; China (Zhejiang, Gansu).</p><p>M. semirubronigris Yuan &amp; Chou, 1992; China (Sichuan).</p><p>M. sibiricus (Lethierry, 1876); Russia; Korea; Japan; China (Heilongjiang, Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan).</p><p>M. stigmosus Li &amp; Chen sp. nov.; China (Guizhou).</p><p>M. subinermis Lindberg, 1927; Russia; Korea; China (Gansu, Heilongjiang).</p><p>M. taibaiensis Yuan, 2002; China (Shaanxi).</p><p>M. yananensis Chou &amp; Yuan, 1981; China (Shaanxi).</p><p>Key to species of Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 (based on Chou &amp; Yuan 2002)</p><p>1. Body or pronotum with obviously reddish markings ....................................................................... 2</p><p>– Body dark or brown .......................................................................................................................... 8</p><p>2. Reddish markings on pronotum trident shaped (Fig. 8A, a) ......... M. camelliae Chou &amp; Yuan, 1981</p><p>– Reddish markings on pronotum non-trident shaped ......................................................................... 3</p><p>3. Half of suprahumeral horn reddish (Fig. 8D, d) ................ M. semirubronigris Yuan &amp; Chou, 1992</p><p>– Suprahumeral horn entirely reddish .................................................................................................. 4</p><p>4. Posterior pronotal process with one reddish band (Fig. 8B, b) .... M. rubronigris Funkhouser, 1938</p><p>– Reddish markings on posterior pronotal process more extensive, Y-shaped .................................... 5</p><p>5. Anterior parts of reddish Y-shaped pronotal marking enlarged (Fig. 8G, g) ...................................... ................................................................................................................ M. mali Chou &amp; Yuan, 1981</p><p>– Anterior parts of reddish Y-shaped marking narrow ......................................................................... 6</p><p>6. Posterior pronotal process almost entirely reddish (Fig. 8C, c) ..... M. rubromarginatus Kato, 1940</p><p>– Center of posterior pronotal process in dorsal view brown or black ................................................ 7</p><p>7. Forewing with a hyaline transverse band near center ............................... M. taibaiensis Yuan, 2002</p><p>– Forewing brown and slightly shallow edge ................................ M. yananensis Chou &amp; Yuan, 1981</p><p>8. Forewing veins with small nodules .................................................................................................. 9</p><p>– Forewing veins without nodules ..................................................................................................... 10</p><p>9. Posterior pronotal process flat (Fig. 8J) ............................................. M. subinermis Lindberg, 1927</p><p>– Posterior pronotal process with dorsal margin arched (Fig. 8M) ...... M. nodulus Li &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>10. The apex of posterior pronotal process curved (Fig. 8L) .......................... M. arisanus (Kato, 1928)</p><p>– The apex of posterior pronotal process flat ......................................................................................11</p><p>11. Posterior pronotal process with two depressions (Fig. 8I) .......................... M. ishiharai Kato, 1940</p><p>– Posterior pronotal process with one depression .............................................................................. 12</p><p>12. Posterior pronotal process flat or slightly expanded (Fig. 8K) ............ M. sibiricus (Lethierry, 1876)</p><p>– Posterior pronotal process obviously expanded in lateral view (Fig. 8H) .......................................... ........................................................................................................ M. stigmosus Li &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AA87C7FF9DFFE8FDF3F9556237C294	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Feng-E.;Yang, Lin;Long, Jian-Kun;Chang, Zhi-Min;Chen, Xiang-Sheng	Li, Feng-E., Yang, Lin, Long, Jian-Kun, Chang, Zhi-Min, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2022): Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae). European Journal of Taxonomy 826 (1): 64-79, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.826.1835, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.826.1835
03AA87C7FF9FFFE3FDB3FB2C64BAC3E8.text	03AA87C7FF9FFFE3FDB3FB2C64BAC3E8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Machaerotypus stigmosus Li & Chen 2022	<div><p>Machaerotypus stigmosus Li &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 60892F20-5E1B-4F61-BDCE-9B010ADAB636</p><p>Figs 1–4, 7, 8H</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Forewing dark brown with indistinct transverse white stripes (Figs 1E–F, 2A–B), half of anterior surface and margin densely clothed with coarse denticulation; aedeagal shaft with tiny dorsal hump at base (Fig. 3E), dorsal margin dentate in distal half; second valvulae with broad dorsal hump on basal half (Fig. 4E).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The word ‘ stigmosus ’ is a Latinized adjective derived from the Greek word ‘stigma’ (spot), referring to the forewing with many spots.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype CHINA • ♂; Guizhou Province, Dafang County; 27°19′ N, 105°61′ E; 8 Mar. 2019; Xiu-Dong Huang leg.; collected with yellow pan traps; IEGU.</p><p>Paratypes CHINA • 23 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; IEGU .</p><p>Description</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Male (n = 24) body length: 4.7–5.1 mm, forewing length: 3.9–4.0 mm, width between humeral angle apices: 1.5–2.1 mm, width between suprahumeral horn apices: 1.5–1.9 mm. Female (n = 5) body length: 5.2–5.3 mm, forewing length: 4.2–4.6 mm, width between humeral angle apices: 2.2–2.3 mm, width between suprahumeral horn apices: 1.6–1.8 mm.</p><p>COLORATION. Brown. Male slightly darker than female overall. With the following parts black: head, pronotal callosity, femur and tarsal claws (female lighter), posterior pronotal process apical half except tip. Forewing veins brown with black on a few veins, pattern black, and brown brindle, with indistinct transverse white medial band; female with more extensive brown markings than male (Fig. 1). Abdomen black, with base of each segment narrowly yellow-white.</p><p>HEAD AND THORAX. Vertex with dorsal margin trapezoidal, ocelli slightly closer to inner margin of eyes than to each other; frontoclypeus more than two-thirds length of vertex ventral margins, apex expanded (Fig. 1C–D), frontoclypeal lobes distinct, length more than half as long as frontoclypeus. Pronotum with punctures evenly distributed. Callosity nearly triangular, with sparse setae, surface smooth. Suprahumeral horns short. Posterior pronotal process ending at anal angle of forewing at rest, depressed at base, strongly expanded near middle in lateral view (Fig. 1E–F). Basal fourth of forewing punctate with opaque sclerotization, veins M and Cu fused on the first brown brindle area, veins M+Cu and R fused at center of opaque sclerotization (Fig. 2A–B).</p><p>MALE GENITALIA. Pygofer with dorsal margin slightly convex in lateral view, sternite IX longer than wide in lateral view (Fig. 3A). Lateral plate upper half narrow and pointed, depressed slightly on bottom half, with setae on margin (Fig. 3G). Basal half of subgenital plate fused (Fig. 3D). Style clasp angled dorsally; distally recurved, distal half slender, dorsal surface with setae; connective n-shaped (Fig. 3A, F). Aedeagus in lateral view U-shaped, shaft with slight convexity near base, tapered distally with coarse denticles in distal half of dorsal margin; gonopore oblong, preapical on posterior surface (Fig. 3B, E).</p><p>FEMALE GENITALIA. Sternite VII in ventral view with posterior margin deeply concave, both sides with setae (Fig. 4C). Pygofer longer than wide in lateral view with numerous setae; drop-shaped in ventral view (Fig. 4A–B). First valvulae gradually narrowed and tapered to acute apex (Fig. 4D). Second valvulae gradually widened from base to near midlength with slight dorsal hump near base, distal half of dorsal margin irregularly and finely dentate, apex bluntly pointed (Fig. 4E). Third valvulae (gonoplac) broadly rounded distally, ventral margin with numerous setae (Fig. 4F).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Guizhou) (Fig. 7).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This species is similar to M. sibiricus (Lethierry, 1876), but differs from the latter as follows: 1) forewing with many spots and brown wide stripe (hyaline in M. sibiricus); 2) posterior pronotal process depressed at base, strongly expanded near midlength (flat a base and center in M. sibiricus); 3) ocelli slightly closer to inner margin of eyes than to each other (equidistant in M. sibiricus).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AA87C7FF9FFFE3FDB3FB2C64BAC3E8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Feng-E.;Yang, Lin;Long, Jian-Kun;Chang, Zhi-Min;Chen, Xiang-Sheng	Li, Feng-E., Yang, Lin, Long, Jian-Kun, Chang, Zhi-Min, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2022): Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae). European Journal of Taxonomy 826 (1): 64-79, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.826.1835, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.826.1835
03AA87C7FF94FFE6FDADFA00627BC5A7.text	03AA87C7FF94FFE6FDADFA00627BC5A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Machaerotypus nodulus Li & Chen 2022	<div><p>Machaerotypus nodulus Li &amp; Chen sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 15335C7F-F247-48C1-B6EE-0B4E23E502A4</p><p>Figs 5–7, 8M</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Forewing membrane mostly hyaline with irregular transverse brown band near base and distinct nodules along veins (Fig. 5B, D). Aedeagal shaft abruptly narrowed at distal third in lateral view with small preapical hump (Fig. 6F). Lateral plate apex blunt (Fig. 6D).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species name ‘ nodulus ’ is derived from the Latin word ‘ nodus ’ (knot), referring to the nodules along the forewing veins.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype CHINA • ♂; Guizhou Province, Dafang Country; 27°19′ N, 105°61′ E; Mar. 2019; Xiu-dong Huang leg.; collected with yellow pan traps; IEGU.</p><p>Description</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Male (n = 1) body length: 4.9 mm, forewing length: 4.1 mm, width between humeral angle apices: 1.9 mm, width between suprahumeral horn apices: 1.6 mm.</p><p>COLORATION. Orange-brown marked with golden yellow except the head, ocelli, callosity, apical of humeral angle and posterior pronotal process, inner of legs black, surfaces of legs rusty red. Forewing and veins pale yellow with the following parts brown: nodulations, apical, anal angle, apical and onethird of apical, crescent-shaped stripe near basal fourth forewing.</p><p>HEAD AND THORAX. Vertex nearly rectangular with dorsal and ventral margins slightly arcuate and oblique respectively, ocelli oblong, eyes oval, ocelli slightly closer to inner margin of eyes than to each other; frontoclypeus length more than half of vertex ventral margins, apical expanded slightly, frontoclypeal lobes distinct, length more than half of frontoclypeus, extended slightly across vertex ventral margins (Fig. 5C–D). Pronotum with big punctures on near middle carina, and small punctures evenly distributed. Callosity nearly oval, with small amounts of setae and puncture. Suprahumeral horn short and not exceeding humeral angle, nearly flat. Posterior pronotal process ending at Cu 1, with triangular bulge on center and apex. Forewing with more than 15 nodules on veins evenly distributed. Basal one-fifth of forewing punctate with opaque sclerotization, veins M and Cu fused for nearly half length and divergent, veins M+Cu and R fused basally (Fig. 5D). Metathoracic tibia with three longitudinal rows of cucullate setae.</p><p>MALE GENITALIA. Pygofer with dorsal margin concave slightly on the central in lateral view, sternite IX slightly curved, longer than wide in lateral view (Fig. 6A, C). Lateral plate apex blunt, depressed slightly on the central, with long setae on margin (Fig. 6D). Subgenital plates fused for more than half length (Fig. 6B). Style clasp angled dorsally; distally recurved, dorsal surface with setae; connective N-shaped (Fig. 6G). Aedeagus in lateral view nearly hook-shaped, abruptly narrowed at distal third and with slight preapical hump, narrow in anterior view, more than half of anterior surface and margin densely clothed with coarse denticulation (Fig. 6E–F).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China (Guizhou) (Fig. 7).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>This species is similar to M. subinermis Lindberg, 1927, but differs from the latter in: 1) frontoclypeal lobes more than half as long as frontoclypeus (subequal in M. subinermis); 2) apex of frontoclypeus transverse (arcuate in M. subinermis); 3) posterior pronotal process arched (flat in M. subinermis).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AA87C7FF94FFE6FDADFA00627BC5A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Li, Feng-E.;Yang, Lin;Long, Jian-Kun;Chang, Zhi-Min;Chen, Xiang-Sheng	Li, Feng-E., Yang, Lin, Long, Jian-Kun, Chang, Zhi-Min, Chen, Xiang-Sheng (2022): Two new species of the treehopper genus Machaerotypus Uhler, 1896 from China (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Centrotinae). European Journal of Taxonomy 826 (1): 64-79, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.826.1835, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.826.1835
