identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03AB87855145FF96E0AFF939FA19FB83.text	03AB87855145FF96E0AFF939FA19FB83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ochyrocera Simon 1891	<div><p>Genus Ochyrocera Simon, 1891</p><p>Type species. Ochyrocera arietina Simon 1891, p. 566, pl. 42, fig. 10, described ♁ and ♀, described from Cuba and St. Vincent.</p><p>Composition. Ochyrocera aragogue Brescovit, Cizauskas &amp; Mota, 2018; O. arietina Simon, 1891; O. atlachnacha Brescovit, Cizauskas &amp; Mota, 2018; O. bicolor González-Sponga, 2001; O. brumadinho Brescovit &amp; Cizauskas, 2018; O. cachote Hormiga, Álvarez-Padilla &amp; Benjamin, 2007; O. caeruleoamethystina Lopez &amp; Lopez, 1997; O. callaina Dupérré, 2015; O. cashcatotoras Dupérré, 2015; O. charlotte Brescovit, Cizauskas &amp; Mota, 2018; O. chiapas Valdez-Mondragón, 2009; O. coerulea (Keyserling, 1891); O. coffeeicola González-Sponga, 2001; O. cornuta Mello-Leit „o, 1944; O. corozalensis González-Sponga, 2001; O. diablo Pérez-González, Rubio &amp; Ramírez, 2016; O. dorinha Brescovit, Zampaulo, Pedroso &amp; Cizauskas, 2021; O. fagei Brignoli, 1974; O. formosa Gertsch, 1973; O. garayae Castanheira, Pérez-González, do Prado &amp; Baptista, 2019; O. hamadryas Brignoli, 1978; O. ibitipoca Baptista, González &amp; Tourinho, 2008; O. italoi Dupérré, 2015; O. itatinga Castanheira, Pérez-González, do Prado &amp; Baptista, 2019; O. janthinipes Simon, 1893; O. jarocha Valdez-Mondragón, 2017; O. juquila Valdez-Mondragón, 2009; O. laracna Brescovit, Cizauskas &amp; Mota, 2018; O. losrios Dupérré, 2015; O. machadoi (Gertsch, 1977); O. magali Brescovit, Zampaulo, Pedroso &amp; Cizauskas, 2021; O. marialuisae sp. nov.; O. minima González-Sponga, 2001; O. minotaure Dupérré, 2015; O. misspider Brescovit, Cizauskas &amp; Mota, 2018; O. monica Brescovit, Zampaulo, Pedroso &amp; Cizauskas, 2021; O. oblita Fage, 1912; O. otonga Dupérré, 2015; O. peruana Ribera, 1978; O. pojoj Valdez-Mondragón, 2017; O. quinquevittata Simon, 1891; O. ransfordi (Marples, 1955); O. rinocerotos Dupérré, 2015; O. ritxoco Brescovit, Zampaulo &amp; Cizauskas, 2021; O. ritxoo Brescovit, Zampaulo &amp; Cizauskas, 2021; O. rosinha Brescovit, Zampaulo, Pedroso &amp; Cizauskas, 2021; O. sandovalae Baert, 2014; O. simoni O. P.-Cambridge, 1894; O. subparamera González-Sponga, 2001; O. thibaudi Emerit &amp; Lopez, 1985; O. tinocoi Castanheira, Pérez-González, do Prado &amp; Baptista, 2019; O. ungoliant Brescovit, Cizauskas &amp; Mota, 2018; O. varys Brescovit, Cizauskas &amp; Mota, 2018; O. vesiculifera Simon, 1893; O. viridissima Brignoli 1974; O. zabaleta Dupérré, 2015; and O. zamora Baert, 2014 .</p><p>Distribution. Mexico, Cuba, Dominic Republic, St. Vincent, Guatemala, Venezuela, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Argentina, and Samoa.</p><p>Diagnosis. Follows Dupérré (2015: figs 14, 20, 25, 32, 35, 38, 43, 47): “Tracheal spiracle in the middle between the epigastric fold and spinnerets. Clypeus sloping; tip of labium notched. Legs long. Male palpal tibia without apophysis; palpal cymbium with prolateral extension; male palpal cymbium conical often with apical or retrolateral apophysis with or without cuspule apically; male embolus flexed and projecting forward”. However, Pérez-González et al. (2016) stated that the prolateral extension of cymbium (also known as protruded cymbial pedestal) is a diagnostic character for Ochyroceratinae because it is also present in the genera Fageicera and Psiloochyrocera .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87855145FF96E0AFF939FA19FB83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro;Chamé-Vázquez, David	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Chamé-Vázquez, David (2023): A new species of the spider genus Ochyrocera Simon (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Mexico, with biogeographical comments and an updated identification key for Mexican species. Zootaxa 5374 (4): 552-562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5374.4.6, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.4.6/52306
03AB87855146FF91E0AFFB55FCD3F86B.text	03AB87855146FF91E0AFFB55FCD3F86B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ochyrocera marialuisae Valdez-Mondragón & Chamé-Vázquez 2023	<div><p>Ochyrocera marialuisae sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F998C1DE-522B-4398-8097-CCACC38D3740</p><p>Figures 1–20</p><p>Type material. MEXICO: Oaxaca: 1 ♁ holotype (CARCIB-Ar-042) from Cueva del Diablo “Desapareciendo”, Ejido Acatlán, road to Mata Larga, Municipality Acatlán de Pérez Figueroa (18.5766°, -96.6033°, 166 m a.s.l.), 21- March-2018, A. Valdez, M. Cortez, A. Juárez, J. Valerdi, A. Cabrera Cols., daytime collection .</p><p>Paratypes: 1 ♀ (CARCIB-Ar-307); 3 ♁ subadult, 10 ♀, 1 immature [not sexed] (CARCIB-Ar-308), same data as holotype .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor the renowned arachnologist Dra. María Luisa Jiménez in recognition of her valuable contributions to the knowledge of Mexican spiders.</p><p>Diagnosis. Ochyrocera marialuisae sp. nov. resembles O. simoni and O. chiapas by relatively long palpal femora in the male, cymbial apophysis, and embolus. However, O. marialuisae sp. nov. has cymbial apophysis base broad, its median part is not thickened, and the distal third is slender and bent (Figs 7–9, 11); whereas in O. simoni the cymbial apophysis is conical and widened in middle part (O.P. Cambridge 1894, fig: 13d) and in O. chiapas the cymbial apophysis is conical and curved distally (Valdez-Mondragón 2009, figs: 13, 14). In the new species basal third of embolus is attenuated and has a small, subdorsal sclerotized region, and embolus tip is pointed and straight (Figs 7–12); whereas in O. simoni the embolus is curved, arc-shaped, with pointed tip (O.P. Cambridge 1894, fig: 13d). In O. chiapas the embolus is curved, D-shaped, the tip is pointed and twisted (Valdez-Mondragón 2009, figs: 13–16). Females of O. marialuisae sp. nov. resemble O. jarocha by the rectangular epigastric plate. However, O. marialuisae sp. nov., has a small, crescent-shaped post-epigastric plate, and a pair of thin, long spermathecae and pore plates oval and widely separated to each other (Figs 13–15); whereas in O. jarocha the epigastric plate is oval, with wide and oval spermathecae and pore plates small, oval, close to each other (Valdez-Mondragón 2017, fig: 12). Additionally, males and females have a different body coloration than O. chiapas, O. simoni, and O. jarocha, particularly in the carapace and sternum. The new species has dark blue coloration on carapace, which has four lines from fovea to each side (Figs 1–6), whereas in O. chiapas the carapace is dark blue with darker regions around the fovea and on the lateral margins, and the sternum is dark blue, with a white central spot (see description of the species in Valdez-Mondragón (2009)). In O. jarocha the carapace has three longitudinal violet lines, one around the fovea and one on each side, whereas the sternum has a dark violet V-shaped pattern (Valdez-Mondragón 2017, figs: 1, 3, 7, 9). In the case of O. simoni, the carapace has a dark blue pattern to the margin (O.P Cambridge 1894, fig: 13), however, the sternum coloration is not described.</p><p>Description. Male (holotype): Measurements: Total length (prosoma+opisthosoma) 1.76. Carapace 0.69 long, 0.60 wide. Clypeus length 0.14. Diameter of ALE 0.07, PME 0.05, PLE 0.04. Sternum 0.38 long, 0.46 wide. Leg lengths: I- femur 3.35/ patella 0.22/ tibia 3.70/ metatarsus 5.6/ tarsus?/ total?; II- 2.55/ 0.22/ 2.60/ 1.63/ 0.96/ 7.96; III- 1.81/ 0.20/ 1.74/ 1.18/ 0.60/ 5.53; IV- missing. Leg formula: unknown.</p><p>Prosoma: Carapace blue, with four lines from fovea to each side. Irregular and darker blue region around fovea, with a thin line extending to ocular region and another line extending to posterior region of carapace, bell-shaped (Fig. 1). Ocular region paler blue, without lines. Clypeus protruding anteriorly (Figs 3, 16), bluish, sloping but distinctly stepped as seen laterally. Six eyes in three groups, slightly elevated with black rings around them (Fig. 1). Sternum shield-shaped, dark blue, wider than long (Fig. 2). Labium triangular, longer than wide, blue, becoming paler distally, not fused to the sternum, notched distally. Endites convergent, longer than wide, pale blue basally, dark blue distally (Fig. 2).</p><p>Chelicerae: Greenish, conspicuous, and protruding condyles (Fig. 19, white arrow), fangs orange, with three subequal teeth next to the lamina (Fig. 19). Venom gland elongated, half the paturon length (Fig. 18, black arrow).</p><p>Legs: Coxae pale blue, becoming darker toward distal part, trochanters gray, femora violet, becoming blue and gray distally. Patellae grey basally, blue distally. Tibiae violet becoming gray in distal half. Metatarsi and tarsi grey, becoming paler distally in tarsi. Femora, metatarsi, and tarsi with several pseudosegmentations and numerous long oblique setae.</p><p>Opisthosoma: Oval, longer than wide and high, pale blue dorsally, darker blue ventrally (Fig. 2). Ventral plate of gonopore blue. Colulus large and conical. Tracheal spiracle close to spinnerets.ALS conical and the longest, blue, becoming paler distally; PMS cylindrical, dark blue, being the smallest; PLS cylindrical and stout dark blue.</p><p>Palps: Femora gray, patellae pale blue, tibiae and cymbium gray, blue dorsally. Femora and tibiae sub cylindrical, the latter thicker and shorter than femora (Figs 7–8). Cymbial apophysis relatively long with apical cuspule; base broad and conical, distal third hooked-shaped, with long, prolateral translucid setae (Figs 7–9). Bulbs ovoid, with long and curved embolus (Figs 7–12); basal third of embolus is attenuated and has a small, subdorsal sclerotized region (black arrow in Figs 8, 12), whereas following two thirds about the same width (Figs 10, 12), except the embolus tip, which is pointed and straight (Fig. 10).</p><p>Female (Paratype): Measurements: Total length 1.71. Carapace 0.68 long, 0.57 wide. Clypeus length 0.15. Diameter of ALE 0.06, PME 0.05, PLE 0.06. Sternum 0.40 long, 0.44 wide. Leg lengths: I- femur 2.28/ patella 0.21/ tibia 2.57/ metatarsus?/ tarsus?/ total?; II- 1.71/ 0.20/ 1.84/ 1.07/ 0.66/ 5.48; III- 1.28/ 0.20/ 1.34/ 0.75/ 0.65/ 4.22; IV- 1.75/ 0.17/ 1.84/ 1.15/ 0.84/ 5.75. Leg formula: 1?-4-2-3.</p><p>Habitus as in Figs 4–6. Book-lung modified into bundles of tracheae (tracheae spiracle, see black arrows in Figs 13, 14). Chelicerae with six teeth next to the lamina, five are subequal, one is larger than others (Fig. 20). Clypeus sloping but not stepped as the male (Figs 6, 17).</p><p>Genitalia: Large, transversal, rectangular epigastric plate slightly sclerotized, extending to the sides of opisthosoma, more sclerotized on the sides (Figs 5, 6, 13); followed by small, crescent shaped post-epigastric plate; both plates slightly protruding ventrally (Figs 6, 13). Vulva: very long, thin, curved spermathecae, about the same thickness throughout its length (Figs 14, 15); small, elongated pore plate (with approximately 16–18 glandular ducts), located next to spermathecae base; short medial columnar uterus externus and narrow neck (Fig. 15).</p><p>Variation. Coloration of male holotype and female paratypes similar; however, some females have fuchsia legs while others have pale blue legs. Also, the opisthosoma varies from light blue to dark blue. Females (N = 6): tibia I: 2.25–2.42 (x = 2.34).</p><p>Natural history. The specimens were hand collected in a karstic cave in a disturbed tropical dry forest at 166 m elevation under rotten trunks and hollow trunks on the ground. The specimens were collected near each other in small and flimsy sheet webs. Some females were collected carrying their egg sacs with the chelicerae.</p><p>Distribution. Known only from the type locality (Fig. 21).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87855146FF91E0AFFB55FCD3F86B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro;Chamé-Vázquez, David	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Chamé-Vázquez, David (2023): A new species of the spider genus Ochyrocera Simon (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Mexico, with biogeographical comments and an updated identification key for Mexican species. Zootaxa 5374 (4): 552-562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5374.4.6, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.4.6/52306
03AB87855143FF93E0AFFB92FA13F97E.text	03AB87855143FF93E0AFFB92FA13F97E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ochyrocera Simon	<div><p>Key to males of Ochyrocera species from Mexico, updated from Valdez-Mondragón (2017):</p><p>1. Palpal bulb (tegulum) rounded, massive in comparison with the cymbium length (Gertsch 1977: figs 80–81).................................................................................. Ochyrocera machadoi (Gertsch, 1977)</p><p>- Palpal bulb otherwise.................................................................................. 2</p><p>2. Cymbial apophysis conical and relatively long (Figs 7, 8)..................................................... 3</p><p>- Cymbial apophysis short and stout (Valdez-Mondragón 2009: figs 3, 4)..... Ochyrocera juquila Valdez-Mondragón 2009</p><p>3. Cymbial apophysis thickened medially (arrow in Valdez-Mondragón 2017: fig. 16)................................. 4</p><p>- Cymbial apophysis conical, not thickened medially (Valdez-Mondragón 2017: figs 4–6)............................. 5</p><p>4. Embolus slender and long, about the same length of cymbium......... Ochyrocera simoni O.P. Pickard-Cambridge 1894</p><p>- Embolus wide and relatively short, markedly shorter than cymbial length (Valdez-Mondragón 2017: fig. 15).............................................................................. Ochyrocera pojoj Valdez-Mondragón, 2017</p><p>5. Base of embolus with a brownish sclerotized region (arrows in Valdez-Mondragón 2017: figs 4, 6; Figs 8, 12)............ 6</p><p>- Base of embolus without a brownish sclerotized region....................................................... 7</p><p>6. Sclerotized region surrounding the base of embolus (arrows in Valdez-Mondragón 2017: figs 4, 6); palpal femora relatively short, about two times longer than wide.............................. Ochyrocera jarocha Valdez-Mondragón, 2017</p><p>- Sclerotized region not surrounding the base of embolus, restricted to subdorsal part of the base of embolus (Figs 8, 12); palpal femora relatively long, about three times longer than wide........................... Ochyrocera marialuisae sp. nov.</p><p>7. Embolus slender and long, D-shaped, directed toward the distal part of the tibia (Valdez-Mondragón 2009: figs 13, 14)................................................................... Ochyrocera chiapas Valdez-Mondragón 2009</p><p>- Embolus stout and short, V-shaped, directed toward the central region of cymbial apophysis (Brignoli 1974: fig. 6B)................................................................................. Ochyrocera fagei Brignoli 1974</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87855143FF93E0AFFB92FA13F97E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro;Chamé-Vázquez, David	Valdez-Mondragón, Alejandro, Chamé-Vázquez, David (2023): A new species of the spider genus Ochyrocera Simon (Araneae, Ochyroceratidae) from Mexico, with biogeographical comments and an updated identification key for Mexican species. Zootaxa 5374 (4): 552-562, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5374.4.6, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5374.4.6/52306
