taxonID	type	description	language	source
03AB87DFFFDBFFFBFF7705A82B2C6E7C.taxon	description	Zmissolus Roewer 1927: 311 [junior subjective synonym of Bonea Roewer, 1914 by Suzuki (1977 b); type species: Zmissolus cippatus Roewer, 1927, by monotypy]. Posisus Roewer 1949: 258 (misspelled as Posissus by Suzuki in 1977 b) [junior subjective synonym of Bonea Roewer, 1914 by Suzuki (1977 b); type species: Posisus albertus Roewer, 1949, by original designation]. Kappacola Roewer 1949: 260 [junior subjective synonym of Bonea Roewer, 1914 by Suzuki (1977 b); type species: Kappacola silvestris Roewer, 1949, by original designation]. Nurullus Roewer 1949: 262 [junior subjective synonym of Bonea Roewer, 1914 by Suzuki (1977 b); type species: Nurullus armatissimus Roewer, 1949, by original designation]. Suraplus Roewer 1949: 262 [junior subjective synonym of Bonea Roewer, 1914 by Suzuki (1977 b); type species: Suraplus palpalis Roewer, 1949, by original designation]. Parabonea Roewer 1949: 262 [junior subjective synonym of Bonea Roewer, 1914 by Suzuki (1977 b); type species: Parabonea scopulata Roewer, 1949 b, by original designation].	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDBFFFBFF7705A82B2C6E7C.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Bonea sarasinorum Roewer, 1914, by original designation.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDBFFFBFF7705A82B2C6E7C.taxon	etymology	Etymology: The name Bonea is derived from the Bone River in Sulawesi. Gender feminine.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDBFFFBFF7705A82B2C6E7C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body length 2.5 – 4 mm. Carapace with a row of tubercles on each side of front margin near anterolateral corner. Eyes separated, without a common eye mound. Enlarged, basally widened median spine protruding forward between the eyes (interocular mound). Opisthosomal region of scutum with five areas whose grooves are armed with a row of tubercular bridges. Coxa II retrolaterally with an enlarged tubercle. Pedipalpus elongate and slender, femur usually with five setiferous tubercles ventrally and one setiferous tubercle prolatero-distally, its patella usually with two prolateral and one retrolateral setiferous tubercle. Femur I with large spines dorsally and ventrally. Distal margin of ventral plate of penis with deep cleft; basal sac and lamellar sack sunken into a pit formed by the ventral plate; clasping lobe bifurcated, protruding beyond distal margin of glans; stylus between the clasping lobes usually sunken into lamellar sack; stylar tip blunt. Basal sac sunken into truncus. Each lobe of ovipositor usually with two ventral and three dorsal setae. Male secondary sexual characters consist of the longer pedipalpus or pedipalpal femur basally swollen and bottle-like in shape, cheliceral bulla very attenuate, heavier teeth on the chelicera and larger interocular spine.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDBFFFBFF7705A82B2C6E7C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, and China. Included species. B. albertus (Roewer, 1949); B. armatissima (Roewer, 1949); B. cippata (Roewer, 1927); B. longipalpis Suzuki, 1977; B. palpalis (Roewer, 1949); * B. sarasinorum Roewer, 1914; B. scopulata (Roewer, 1949); B. silvestris (Roewer, 1949); B. tridigitata sp. nov. and B. zhui sp. nov.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDCFFFEFF7705A82DC96E75.taxon	materials_examined	Type material examined. Holotype female (wrongly reported as a male in the original description and also in Roewer 1923). Labels of NMB 20 a read (Fig. 15): (1) “ Bonea sarasinorum n. g. n. sp. / Celebes: Bone-Tal + 70 m. (?) ” [= Indonesia, northern Sulawesi, Minahassa Peninsula, Gorontalo province, Bone River Valley, east of Gorontalo, 70 m] / 14. I. [= January, 14, 1895], Sarasin leg. / 1 Expl. Type; and (2) [uninteligible] / 700 m / 14 Jan. Roewer 1914 reported: “ Nord-Celebes (östlich von Gorontalo, Bone-Tal, bei ca. 700 m) — 1 3 — Sarasin leg., im Januar 1895. ” Roewer 1923 reported: “ Nord-Celebes (östlich von Gorontalo, Bone-Tal, ca 700 meter) — 1 3 — (Typ. Mus. Basel). ” The altitude of 70 misinterpreted by Roewer in his label seems to be an error and the correct one is 700 m, as indicated both in the original label and in the publications.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDCFFFEFF7705A82DC96E75.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Interocular mound with a mid-dorsal interocular mound; carapace and scutal areas I – V each with transverse row of conspicuous hair-tipped tubercles and a paramedian pair of longer spines; basichelicerite with few tubercles; pedipalpal femur with five setiferous tubercles ventrally and one prolateral distal setiferous tubercle, patella with one retrolateral and two prolateral setiferous tubercles. Redescription. Female (holotype) habitus as in Figs. 5 – 6. Coloration: entire body rusty yellow, each side of carapace dark brown, lateral ridges of the scutum margined with brown; venter lighter than dorsum, coxae yellow, free sternites brownish yellow; chelicerae and pedipalpus yellow, both of them with dark brown reticulate markings above, legs with alternating dark brown and yellow bands. Dorsum. Dorsal scutum trapezoid, with posterior margin convex. Carapace with a row of three tubercles on each side of front margin near antero-lateral corner. Posterior to antero-lateral corner with one conspicuous tubercle on each side. Eyes separated, each eye with one anterior tubercle that extends forward to touch tubercle from the anterior margin of carapace. Median elevation with many hair-tipped tubercles and two enlarged spines extending forward between eyes. Posterior to the median elevation on carapace with two enlarged median spines. Scutum divided into five areas, first area divided into two halves by longitudinal furrow. First to fifth scutal areas connected by a series of tubercular bridges. First to fourth areas each with two median spines, of which only the second area with long median spines, more than half length of median spine between eyes, fifth area with three enlarged median spines. Free tergites each with a row of hair-tipped tubercles. Lateral ridges with a row of hair-tipped tubercles. Venter. All coxae and genital operculum granulate, coxa I with somewhat enlarged hair-tipped tubercles on anterior side. Coxa II with one enlarged prolateral and retrolateral tubercle at tip of the margin respectively. Coxa III with prolateral and retrolateral rows of round humps. Coxa IV widened, with six enlarged hair-tipped tubercles on the prolateral surface. Free sternites each with a transverse row of hair-tipped granules. Tracheal stigmata visible. Chelicera (Figs. 7 – 8). Basichelicerite elongate, slightly sinuous; dorsal surface with two prolateral and one retrolateral teeth respectively; ventral surface with five retrolateral and three prolateral hair-tipped tubercles. Second segment armed with 11 enlarged teeth on prodorsal surface. Fingers relatively strong, inner edges toothed as illustrated in Fig. 8: one inconspicuous MBT, one stout MMT, two stout MDT, three crest FBT, one stout FMT, and one stout FDT. Pedipalpus (Figs. 5 – 6, 9 – 11). Coxa dorsally with two strong setiferous tubercles (Fig. 5 – 6). Trochanter ventrally with two setiferous tubercles, dorsally with one tooth. Femur ventrally with five setiferous tubercles and one tooth, with four teeth prolaterally, and one setiferous tubercle on the prolateral distal side. Patella with one setiferous tubercle and one tooth retrolaterally and two setiferous tubercles prolaterally. Tibia and tarsus with three setiferous tubercles on each side of ventral surface. Tarsal claw a little shorter than tarsus, slightly curved. Legs. Trochanter I dorsally with two enlarged tubercles, ventrally with two enlarged tubercles and five hairtipped tubercles; femur I dorsally with a row of twelve setiferous tubercles, ventrally with a row of nine setiferous tubercles; patella I with one retrolateral and three prolateral setiferous tubercles respectively; tibia I with six setiferous tubercles prolaterally and retrolaterally (Figs. 12 – 14). Trochanters II – IV with a few hair-tipped tubercles, remaining of leg segments unarmed, only with conspicuous hairs. Tarsi III – IV with unpectinated double claws, with scopulae. Tarsal formula: 3 / 4 / 5 / 5. Distitarsus of the first and second tarsi with two tarsalia. Ovipositor. Not dissected, only detected through the opened genital operculum.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDCFFFEFF7705A82DC96E75.taxon	description	Measurements. Female holotype: body 3.06 long, 2.40 wide at the widest portion, scutum 2.91 long. Pedipalpus claw 0.50 long. Measurements of pedipalpus and legs as in Table 1. Male. Unknown.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDCFFFEFF7705A82DC96E75.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Indonesia (Sulawesi). Notes. Over a century old, the type specimen shows only slight damage, i. e., the left pedipalpus claw lost, metatarsus and tarsus of right leg III lost, joint between tibia and metatarsus in right leg II nearly broken as well as that of right leg IV. According to the “ conditions of loan ” of the Natural History Museum Basel, “ the borrower must not alter the loan objects in any way ”. To keep the appendages in original status, the lateral view of the type is more oblique than that of three new species described here. Roewer (1914) described the Bonea sarasinorum based on one specimen. Although he failed to dissect the genitalia of B. sarasinorum, he believed that this specimen was male from personal experience. Thereafter, this specimen was reported by him as male. After examining the holotype, we discovered it is a female — it lacks all typical dimorphic traits of male podoctines (Kury & Machado 2003), such as dorsal scutum subrectangular, cheliceral bulla very attenuate, basichelicerite as a whole elongate, with lateral rows of acuminate tubercles, pedipalpal femur bottle-like swollen with non-seriate spination, and all pedipalpal segments elongate and slender. However, one evidence that could indicate its male gender would be the widened interocular mound (including all the carapace). This dimorphism is very clearly marked in species such as B. longipalpis (Suzuki 1977 b: 39 – 42, figs, 17 a, b), but not so clearly in B. sarasinorum. Besides the morphological characters mentioned above, the female condition of the holotype was discovered by one of the authors (CZ), by seeing the setae of ovipositor by just lifting the genital operculum without dissecting.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDEFFF2FF77006D2B776E38.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Male holotype, CHINA: Hainan Province, Mt. Bawangling, about 600 m alt., [N 19.1 °, E 109.2 °], May 31, 2007, F. Zhang leg. (MHBU-Opi-ZF 07032), 4 Ƥ (MHBU-Opi-ZF 07033 – 07036) paratypes, same data as holotype.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDEFFF2FF77006D2B776E38.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Spine of interocular mound with two conspicuous dorsal accessory branches; carapace, scutal areas I, and IV each with a pair of strong paramedian spines; free tergite I with three median spines; femur of pedipalpus with five setiferous tubercles ventrally; ventral surface of cheliceral proximal segment armed with six large teeth retrolaterally and four teeth prolaterally; patella I with distinct setiferous tubercles.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDEFFF2FF77006D2B776E38.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin words “ tri - ” and “ digitatus ” meaning “ three fingered ”, and refers to the three-pronged median spine protruding forward between eyes in lateral view (Fig. 16).	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDEFFF2FF77006D2B776E38.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype) habitus as in Figs. 16 – 17. Coloration: body rusty yellow, with mottling of dark brown; median area of carapace pale yellow; each side of carapace dark brown; lateral ridges of the scutum margined with dark brown; ventral coloration same as dorsal; coxae with dark brown reticulate markings; free sternites with transverse band of dark brown; chelicerae and pedipalpus pale brown; with brown reticulate markings above; legs lighter brown, marked with alternating dark and light bands. Dorsum. Dorsal scutum distinctly trapezoid in shape, posterior margin convex. Carapace with a row of four tubercles on each side of front margin near antero-lateral corner, also with two spines (the anterior one much larger than the posterior) behind these tubercles. Eyes widely separated; each eye with a few tubercles above it and an enlarged tubercle extending forward to touch tubercle arising at anterior margin of carapace. Enlarged, basally widened median spine with two posterior branch protruding forward between eyes. Posterior to the median elevation on carapace with two large median spines. Scutum with five areas, the median longitudinal furrow in first area obscure. First to fifth scutal grooves roofed by a series of tubercular bridges. First and fourth areas with two enlarged median spines. First free tergite with a row of seven spines, median three the largest. Other free tergites each with a row of hair-tipped granules. All areas with low hair-tipped granules. Lateral ridges with a row of hairtipped granules. Venter. All coxae and genital operculum granulate, coxa I with coarse hair-tipped tubercles on anterior side. Coxa II with an enlarged tubercle prolateral and a large bifurcated tubercle retrolateral at tip of the margin. Coxa III with prolateral and retrolateral rows of small humps. Coxa IV widened, with several enlarged hair-tipped tubercles on the prolateral surface. Free sternites each with a transverse of hair-tipped granules. Tracheal stigmata visible. Chelicera (Figs. 1 – 2, 18 – 20). Strongly developed. Basichelicerite elongate, slightly sinuous; dorsal surface with three teeth prolaterally; ventral surface with a row of six large teeth retrolaterally, and a row of four teeth prolaterally. Second segment armed with some teeth on prodorsal surface; laterally smooth; ventral surface with a row of four small teeth prolaterally. Fingers relatively short and strong, inner edges toothed as illustrated in Fig. 20: one stout MBT, two tiny MMT, three MDT, one FBT, one crest FMT, and three FDT. Pedipalpus (Figs. 22 – 23). Coxa dorsally with one strong bifurcated setiferous tubercle. Trochanter with three setiferous tubercles ventrally, and one small setiferous tubercle dorsally. Femur with five setiferous tubercles ventrally, on the prolateral distal side with a setiferous tubercle. Patella with a setiferous tubercle retrolateral and two prolateral setiferous tubercles. Tibia with three prolateral and four retrolateral setiferous tubercles. Tarsus with three setiferous tubercles on both sides of ventral surface. Tarsal claw shorter than tarsus, slightly curved. Legs. Trochanter I dorsally with one enlarged tubercle, ventrally with six enlarged tubercles, femur I dorsally with a row of twelve setiferous spines, ventrally with a row of eight setiferous spines, patella and tibia with many setiferous spines, arranged more or less in five rows (Fig. 21). Femur II with two posterior setiferous tubercles at base, femur III – IV with setiferous tubercles. Tarsi III – IV with bare double claws, with scopulae. Tarsal formula: 3 / 4 / 5 / 5. Distitarsus of first and second tarsi with two tarsalia. Penis (Figs. 35 – 38). Long, slender, its shaft widened distally. Distal margin of ventral plate with a median cleft. Setae arranged as follow: six dorsal setae, 10 ventral setae, and 10 lateral setae. Basal sac sunken into truncus. Lamellar sack nearly rectangle, distal margin with serrated rim. Clasping lobe bifurcated, protruding beyond distal margin of glans. Stylus between the clasping lobes nearly sunken into lamellar sack, stylar tip blunt. Female. In general appearance similar to the male, but with scutum more widely trapezoid (instead of subrectangular), interocular mound reduced, chelicera and pedipalpus less strongly armed (Figs. 24 – 31). Inner edges of finger toothed as illustrated in Fig. 31: one MBT, one small and one tiny MMT, three MDT, two FBT, one FMT, and three FDT. Ovipositor as illustrated in Figs. 32 – 34. Each lobe usually with two ventral and three dorsal setae. Tip of each seta somewhat spherical (Fig. 32). Measurements. Male holotype (female paratype): body 3.04 (2.90) long, 2.31 (2.57) wide at the widest portion, scutum 2.81 (2.84) long. Pedipalpus claw 0.45 (0.38) long. Penis 1.20 long. Measurements of left pedipalpus and right legs as in Table 2. Habitat. Collected from leaf litter by sieving in the humid tropical forest. Variation. Four female specimens were examined. Body 2.90 – 3.67 long, 2.19 – 2.50 wide at the widest portion, scutum 2.55 – 2.86 long. Pedipalpi of three female specimens resemble that of holotype. However, the right pedipalpus of another female with normal shape as in the others (Figs. 27 – 28), but with left pedipalpal femur retrolaterally and tibia prolaterally with four setiferous tubercles respectively (Figs. 25 – 26). Ventral ovipositor bears an extra seta (Figs. 33 – 34).	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFDEFFF2FF77006D2B776E38.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China: Hainan (Mt. Bawangling). Notes. Bonea tridigitata sp. nov. is similar to some Podoctinae currently not placed in Bonea, such as Dongmoa oshimensis Suzuki, 1964, D. silvestrii Roewer, 1927, and Metapodoctis siamensis Suzuki, 1985 (see Discussion). Bonea tridigitata sp. nov. is distinct from the latter species by the conspicuous median long spines on the first and fourth areas (Suzuki 1964 a: 164, fig. 2; Roewer 1949: 273, fig. 63; Suzuki 1985: 90, fig. 11). Second segment of chelicera in Dongmoa oshimensis has many ventral tubercles (Suzuki 1964 a: 165, fig. 3) that are absent in Bonea tridigitata sp. nov. The ventral tubercles retrolaterally on male basichelicerite in B. tridigitata sp. nov. are stout, while tubercles in Metapodoctis siamensis are delicate. The male genitalia of Bonea tridigitata sp. nov. is very similar to Dongmoa oshimensis and Metapodoctis siamensis. Distal margin of lamellar sack has serrated rim in Bonea tridigitata sp. nov. dorsally and ventrally, while Metapodoctis siamensis only has conspicuous serrated rim dorsally. As for Dongmoa oshimensis, Suzuki’s description and illustrations are in outline. The most important character is the lamellar sack of this species with inconspicuous serrated rim ventrally.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD2FFF7FF7700A22E736ADD.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Male holotype, CHINA: Hainan Province, Mt. Jianfengling, about 190 m alt., [N 18.7 °, E 108.8 °], December 13, 1989, M. S. Zhu leg. (MHBU-Opi-ZMS 89009), 1 Ƥ (MHBU-Opi-ZMS 89010) paratype, same data as holotype.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD2FFF7FF7700A22E736ADD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Median spine between eyes has two conspicuous branches; carapace, scutal areas I, IV, and free tergite I each has long median spines; femur of pedipalpus with five setiferous tubercles ventrally; second segment of chelicera with one prominent tooth on retro-ventral surface.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD2FFF7FF7700A22E736ADD.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is a patronymic in honor of Prof. Mingsheng Zhu (1950 – 2010), the collector of the type materials and a prominent researcher of Chinese arachnids.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD2FFF7FF7700A22E736ADD.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype) habitus as in Figs. 39 – 40. Coloration: entire body rusty yellow, with somewhat dark brown patches on the dorsum; median area of carapace with dark brown reticulations; each side of carapace dark brown; lateral ridges of the scutum margined with brown; venter lighter in color than dorsum; coxae and free sternites yellow; free sternites with obscure transverse brown band; chelicerae and pedipalpus yellow, both of them with brown reticulate markings above; legs yellow to brown, femur and tibia lighter. Dorsum. Dorsal scutum approximately quadrate in shape, sides slightly bulged at the region of the first scutum; abdomen broadly rounded posteriorly. Carapace with a row of four tubercles on each side of front margin near antero-lateral corner, also with two subequal spines behind these tubercles. Eyes separated; each eye with one anterior tubercle extending forward to touch tubercle from the frontal margin of carapace, between eyes with strong elevation tipped by a large bifurcate spine. Posterior to the median elevation on carapace with two large median spines. Opisthosomal region of scutum with five areas, the first area without a median furrow. The first and fourth areas with two enlarged median spines. The first free tergite with a row of seven spines, three the largest in the middle. Other free tergites each with a row of hair-tipped granules. All areas with small hair-tipped granules. Each lateral margin of the scutum with a longitudinal row of hair-tipped granules. Venter. All coxae and genital operculum granulate, coxa I with coarse hair-tipped tubercles on anterior side. Coxa II with an enlarged tubercle prolateral and a large bifurcated tubercle retrolateral at tip of the margin (Fig. 40). Coxa III with prolateral and retrolateral rows of small humps. Coxa IV widened, with several enlarged hairtipped tubercles on the prolateral surface, the largest one on the prolateral distal side. Free sternites each with a transverse row of small hair-tipped granules. Tracheal stigmata visible. Chelicera (Figs. 41 – 43). Relatively long. Proximal segment S-shaped; the dorsal surface with numerous teeth; ventral surface retrolaterally with a row of 10 large teeth, prolaterally with a row of three teeth separated far away. Second segment armed with 11 enlarged teeth on prodorsal surface and one prominent tooth on retroventral surface. Fingers relatively strong, inner edges toothed as illustrated in Fig. 43: one stout MBT, two tiny MMT, three MDT, one molar FBT, one crest FMT, and three FDT. Pedipalpus (Figs. 45 – 46). Coxa dorsally with one strongly bifurcating setiferous tubercle. Trochanter with three setiferous tubercles ventrally, but dorsally smooth. Femur somewhat widened proximally, ventrally with five setiferous tubercles, and with a setiferous tubercle on the prolateral distal side. Patella with a setiferous tubercle retrolateral and two prolateral setiferous tubercles. Tibia with three prolateral and four retrolateral setiferous tubercles. Tarsus with three setiferous tubercles on both sides of ventral surface. Tarsal claw shorter than tarsus, slightly curved. Legs. Trochanter I dorsally with one enlarged tubercle, ventrally with four enlarged tubercles, femur I dorsally with a row of twelve setiferous tubercles, ventrally with a row of eight setiferous tubercles, patella and tibia with many setiferous tubercles, arranged more or less in five rows (Fig. 44). Femur II with four enlarged setiferous tubercles dorsally. Femur III with 3 – 4 enlarged setiferous tubercles prolaterally. Femur IV with 3 – 4 dorsally and 1 – 2 enlarged setiferous tubercles ventrally. Patella II – IV dorsally with 1 – 2 enlarged setiferous tubercles respectively. Tarsi III – IV with bare double claws, with scopulae. Tarsal formula: 3 / 4 / 5 / 5. Distitarsus of the first and second tarsi with two tarsalia. Penis (Figs. 54 – 57). Slender with shaft widened distally. Distal margin of ventral plate with a wide median cleft. Setae arranged as follow: six dorsal setae, six ventral setae, and two lateral setae. Basal sac sunken into truncus. Lamellar sack somewhat as the shape of tulip, distal margin with obscure serrated rim. Clasping lobe bifurcated, protruding beyond distal margin of glans. Stylus between the clasping lobe wholly sunken into lamellar sack, invisible. Female. In general appearance, similar to the male but with trapezoid (instead of subrectangular) scutum, reduced median interocular spine (Fig. 47), basichelicerite shorter and less strongly armed and pedipalpus without bottle-shaped swelling (Figs. 48 – 50). Inner edges of cheliceral finger toothed as illustrated (Fig. 51): one MBT, two MMT, three MDT, two FBT, one FMT, and three FDT. Ovipositor as illustrated in Figs. 52 – 53. Each lobe with two ventral and three dorsal setae. Tip of each seta somewhat spherical (Fig. 53). Measurements. Male holotype (female paratype): body 3.67 (3.67) long, 2.75 (2.81) wide at the widest portion, scutum 3.26 (3.26) long. Pedipalpus claw 0.43 (0.43) long. Penis 1.30 long. Measurements of left pedipalpus and right legs as in Table 3. Habitat. Collected under fallen logs in the humid tropical forest.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD2FFF7FF7700A22E736ADD.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China: Hainan (Mt. Jianfengling). Notes. Bonea zhui sp. nov. has similar appearance of body and cheliceral tubercles to some species not currently placed in Bonea, such as Hoplodino gapensis Suzuki, 1972, H. hoogstraali Suzuki, 1977, Lundulla bifurcata Roewer, 1927, and Baramella quadrispina (Roewer, 1915). Bonea zhui sp. nov. is distinguished from the latter species by the first area and the first free tergite with long median spines, the teeth on male basichelicerite distinctively stouter than that of Hoplodino hoogstraali (Suzuki 1977 b: 28, figs B – C), and the teeth on female basichelicerite more conspicuous than that of H. gapensis (Suzuki 1972: 8, figs 14 – 15). Second segment of chelicera armed with more tubercles than that of Baramella quadrispina and Lundulla bifurcata on prodorsal surface (Roewer 1923: 182, fig. 204; Roewer 1927: 319, fig. 25). Moreover, the penis of Hoplodino hoogstraali has paired small horn-shaped processes on ventral plate (Suzuki 1977 b: 27, figs E – F), which is differs from the species of Bonea.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFF7FF7707792D5F6E4D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Paralomanius from Greek παρά (beside) + pre-existing genus Lomanius. Gender masculine.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFF7FF7707792D5F6E4D.taxon	discussion	Remarks. The synonymy of Eulomanius Roewer, 1949 and Paralomanius Goodnight & Goodnight, 1948 with Lomanius Roewer, 1923 proposed by Goodnight & Goodnight (1957) lacks characters to substantiate it. Likewise, in the analysis by Kury & Machado (2003) the two terminals of Paralomanius are nested in a group separated from Lomanius. Therefore we propose here the revalidation of Paralomanius (with Eulomanius as its junior synonym), which may be diagnosed by characters already advanced in Kury & Machado (2003). Suzuki (1977 b) described a subspecies of Paralomanius longipalpus from the Philippines, but there is no reason to join those two species further than assigning them to the same genus. Therefore, the Philippines subpecies is here raised to full species.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFF7FF7707792D5F6E4D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Posterior margin of each ocular globe joined to carapace by tubercular bridge (absent in Lomanius). Interocular mound erect (strongly bent forward in Lomanius). Pedipalpal femur of male much longer and more slender than femur I, with attenuate spines (cylindrical, comparable to femur I in thickness and length in Lomanius). Included species. * Paralomanius longipalpus Goodnight & Goodnight, 1948 and Paralomanius mindanaoensis (Suzuki, 1977) new status.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFE8FF7700AD2CCD6AAF.taxon	materials_examined	Type data. 3 holotype (FMNH, not examined), from Philippines, Davao Prov., Mindanao, East slope of Mt. McKinley, beating trees, mossy forest; 1 Ƥ paratype (FMNH), same data, beating trees, open forest, elev. 3200 ft; 1 Ƥ, 1 pull. paratypes (FMNH), Mindanao, Davao Prov., Lake Linau, north slope of Mt. Apo, beating shrubs, mossy forest, elev., 7900 ft.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFE8FF7700AD2CCD6AAF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Scutal areas interconnected by tubercular bridges; scutal area I clearly divided; scutal area IV unarmed. Otherwise, very similar to P. longipalpus, at the present state of knowledge. Lomanius Roewer, 1923	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFE8FF7700AD2CCD6AAF.taxon	description	Lomanius Roewer 1923: 187; Goodnight & Goodnight 1957: 75; Suzuki 1977 b: 22. Thaipea Roewer 1949: 284 [junior subjective synonym of Lomanius Roewer, 1923 by Goodnight & Goodnight (1957); type species: Erecanana formosae Roewer, 1912, by original designation]. Maquilingius Roewer 1949: 284 [junior subjective synonym of Lomanius Roewer, 1923 by Goodnight & Goodnight (1957); type species: Lomanius minimus Roewer, 1926, by original designation]. Orthossus Roewer 1963: 225 [junior subjective synonym of Lomanius Roewer, 1923 by Suzuki (1977 b); type species: Orthossus rectipes Roewer, 1963, by original designation].	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFE8FF7700AD2CCD6AAF.taxon	materials_examined	Type species: Podoctis tridens Loman, 1905, by subsequent designation: Roewer, 1949.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFE8FF7700AD2CCD6AAF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. See Suzuki 1977 b.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFD7FFE8FF7700AD2CCD6AAF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and China (Fig. 78). Included species. L. bulbosus sp. nov.; L. carinatus Suzuki, 1976; L. formosae (Roewer, 1912); L. minimus (Roewer, 1926); L. rectipes (Roewer, 1963) and * L. tridens (Loman, 1905).	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFC8FFEBFF7706D92DE26D33.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. 3 holotype, CHINA: Yunnan Province, Dali City, Mt. Diancang, about 2600 m alt., [N 25. 97 °, E 99.87 °], September 20, 2008, Z. Z. Yang leg. (MHBU-Opi-YZZ 080660), 1 3 1 Ƥ (MHBU-Opi- YZZ 080661 – 080662) paratypes, same data as holotype.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFC8FFEBFF7706D92DE26D33.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Scutal areas without any long median spines, the median spine between eyes bent in a square angle, inconspicuous bridge tubercles on scutum, proximal segment of chelicera in ventral surface prolaterally with a row of five teeth, the shape of lamellar sack of penis dorsally resembles an upside-down light bulb, with the penis at rest.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFC8FFEBFF7706D92DE26D33.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific name is derived from the Latin word “ bulbosus ” meaning bulbous, refers to the shape of lamellar sack of penis.	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
03AB87DFFFC8FFEBFF7706D92DE26D33.taxon	description	Description. Male (holotype) habitus as in Figs. 58 – 59. Coloration: entire body rusty yellow, only median area of carapace with dark brown reticulations; each side of carapace dark brown; lateral ridges of the scutum margined with dark brown; ventral coloration same as dorsal, mottled with yellowish brown to dark brown; chelicerae and pedipalpus yellowish, both of them with brown reticulate markings above; legs yellowish to brown, femur and tibia lighter. Dorsum. Dorsal scutum subrectangular, posterior margin a little wider than anterior margin and sides slightly constricted twice; abdomen broadly rounded posteriorly. Carapace with a row of six tubercles on each side of front margin near antero-lateral corner. Eyes separated; each eye with three anterior tubercles of which the most lateral one extending forward to touch tubercle from the frontal margin of carapace; enlarged, basally widened median spine with one branches protruding upward between eyes. Posterior to the median elevation on carapace without any large median spines, surface of carapace clothed with coarse rounded hair-tipped granules, median areas of scutum with somewhat enlarged hair-tipped tubercles. Scutum with five areas, first with a median line. 1 – 5 scutal grooves each with numerous obscure tubercular bridges. 1 – 3 free tergites likewise with a row of hair-tipped granules. Lateral ridges of scutum with a row of coarse rounded hair-tipped granules. Anal plate with small hairtipped granules. Venter. All coxae and genital operculum granulate. Coxa II with an enlarged retrolateral tubercle at tip of the margin. Coxa IV widened, with several enlarged hair-tipped tubercles on the prolateral surface. Free sternites each with a transverse row of hair-tipped granules. Tracheal stigmata concealed. Chelicera (Figs. 60 – 62). Proximal segment S-shaped; dorsal surface with four teeth prolaterally; ventral surface retrolaterally with a row of six large teeth, with a row of 4 – 5 teeth prolaterally. Second segment armed with 8 – 9 teeth on prodorsal surface and five blunt teeth on proventral surface. Fingers relatively strong, inner edges toothed as illustrated in Fig. 62: one moundy MBT, four tiny MMT, three MDT, one crest FBT, one big and two small FMT, and three FDT. Pedipalpus (Figs. 64 – 65). Coxa dorsally with one strong bifurcated setiferous tubercle. Trochanter with three setiferous tubercles ventrally, and one obscure setiferous tubercle dorsally. Femur with five setiferous tubercles ventrally, and a setiferous tubercle on the prolateral distal side. Patella with a setiferous tubercle retrolateral and two prolateral setiferous tubercles. Tibia with three prolateral and four retrolateral setiferous tubercles. Tarsus with three prolateral and two enlarged and two small retrolateral setiferous tubercles. Tarsal claw shorter than tarsus, slightly curved. Legs. Trochanter I dorsally with one enlarged tubercle, ventrally with two enlarged tubercles, femur I dorsally with a row of 10 setiferous tubercles, ventrally with a row of nine setiferous tubercles, patella, tibia and metatarsus with many setiferous tubercles, arranged more or less in five rows (Fig. 63). Femur, patella, and tibia of leg II – - IV with numerous setiferous tubercles. Tarsi III – IV with bare double claws, with scopulae. Tarsal formula: 2 / 2 / 4 / 4. Penis (Figs. 3 – 4, 70 – 76). Shaft elongate, somewhat widened distally. Ventral side of the apical part with a median cleft. Setae arranged as follow: 10 dorsal setae, six ventral setae, and six lateral setae. Basal sac sunken into truncus. Lamellar sack somewhat resembles the shape of upside-down light bulb at rest, distal margin with obscure serrated rim. Clasping lobe bifurcated, protruding beyond distal margin of glans. Stylus between the clasping lobe nearly sunken into lamellar sack, stylar tip blunt ended. Female. (Fig. 66). In general appearance and coloration, similar to the male, but with more asymmetrical trapezoid scutum, different dentition of inner edges of cheliceral fingers: one tiny MBT, two tiny MMT, three MDT, two FBT, one FMT, and three FDT (Fig. 67). Ovipositor as illustrated in Figs. 68 – 69. Each lobe with two ventral and three dorsal setae. Tip of each seta blunt (Fig. 69). Measurements. Male holotype (female paratype): body 3.98 (3.77) long, 2.86 (2.81) wide at the widest portion, scutum 3.42 (3.32) long. Pedipalpus claw 0.53 (0.45) long. Penis 1.49 long. Measurements of left pedipalpus and right legs as in Table 4. Habitat. This species was collected by pit trap in the forest of Mt. Diancang. Variation (male paratype). Body 3.72 long, 2.91 wide at the widest portion, scutum 3.42 long. Distribution. China: Yunnan (Mt. Diancang).	en	Zhang, Chao, Kury, Adriano B., Zhang, Feng (2013): Notes on Bonea Roewer, 1914 and Lomanius Roewer, 1923 (Opiliones: Laniatores: Podoctidae), with the description of three new species from China. Zootaxa 3630 (2): 201-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3630.2.1
