identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A887FA09670B61FF25FDC0FD5B73B1.text	03A887FA09670B61FF25FDC0FD5B73B1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rosalba Thomson 1864	<div><p>Rosalba Thomson, 1864</p><p>Rosalba Thomson, 1864: 108; Monné, 2018: 418 (cat.).</p><p>Apyratuca Galileo &amp; Martins, 2006: 13; Monné, 2018: 394 (cat.). Syn. nov.</p><p>Galileo &amp; Martins (2006) described Apyratuca as follows (translated): “Body elongated, integument without setae. Antennal tubercles slightly elevated and distant from each other. Eyes not divided, coarsely granulated; lower eye lobes four times as long as genae. Upper eye lobes separated by distance equal to three ommatidia.Antennae 11-segmented, filiform, reaching elytral apex at apex of antennomere IX. Scape subcylindrical, longer than antennomere III. Antennomere III slightly shorter than IV. Prothorax wider than long; sides slightly rounded, without tubercle or spine. Pronotum convex. Prosternal process regularly curved. Mesoventrite without tubercle. Metasternum not shortened. Mesocoxal cavities open. Elytra with sides parallel up to distal third, then noticeably narrowed toward apex; elytral apex projected in long and single spine. Femora fusiform. Mesotibiae deeply sulcate at distal half.” Then, they provided the following remarks on the genus (translated): “ Apyratuca gen. nov. is similar to Pseudepectasis Breuning, 1940, but differs by the eyes not divided, with lower eye lobes very large (as long as four times genal length); by the antennomere III as long as IV, and by the elytra without tubercles and with the apex acuminate. In Pseudepectasis, the eyes are divided, the lower eye lobes have length smaller than twice genal length, the antennomere III is distinctly shorter than IV, the elytra have tubercles, and the elytral apices are strongly oblique with outer spine. Also, by the description (Breuning, 1971: 205), should be similar to Tucumaniella Breuning, 1943, which we do not know. Apyratuca gen. nov. differs by the antennae longer than body; by the scape short and cylindrical; by the antennomere III as long as IV; by the antennal tubercles not projected, and by the elytral apex acuminate. In Tucumaniella, the antennae are 1.5 times longer than body, the scape is clavate and longer; the antennomere III is distinctly longer than IV, the antennal tubercles are very elevated, and the elytra are widely rounded at apex.”</p><p>All features pointed out as distinctive to Apyratuca are present in the known species of Rosalba . Even the acuminate elytral apex is similar to that of Rosalba incrustabilis Galileo &amp; Martins, 2006, a species described in the same work as Apyratuca . The length of the genae and lower eye lobes, distance between upper eye lobes, and antennal length are highly variable in Rosalba, again, not allowing separation between this genus and Apyratuca .</p><p>Although Galileo &amp; Martins (2006) did not mention the position of the head in relation to the body axis, they interpreted it as being not retractile. This can be inferred from the comparisons established by them: Pseudepectasis and Tucumaniella . Breuning (1971) separated Rosalba from Pseudepectasis and Tucumaniella in the alternative of couplet “13) of his key (translated): “– Head retractile,” leading to Rosalba; and “– Head not retractile,” leading to Pseudepectasis and Tucumaniella . However, the head in the type species of Apyratuca, A. apiculata Galileo &amp; Martins, 2006 (Fig. 1), is retractile.</p><p>Audureau (2016) described a second species in Apyratuca and commented (translated): “This species [ A. bicolor] is next to Apyratuca apiculata Galileo &amp; Martins, 2006 . It differs especially by the eyes that are contiguous instead of separated by the width of three ommatidia. The elytral apex is also different, straight in A. apiculata, while it is curved laterally in A. bicolor . In addition to its color, the elytral depression allows differentiation. Perhaps a new genus should have been described in order to place this new species. I prefer to keep A. bicolor in the Apyratuca as the two species of the genus were described from a single specimen.” We did not see any feature allowing separation of A. bicolor from Apyratuca and thus, from Rosalba .</p><p>Accordingly, Apyratuca is synonymized with Rosalba, with consequent new combinations for two species: Rosalba apiculata, and R. bicolor Audureau, 2016 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA09670B61FF25FDC0FD5B73B1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA09640B64FF25FF6AFB0D75BA.text	03A887FA09640B64FF25FF6AFB0D75BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rosalba contracta Bezark & Santos-Silva 2019	<div><p>Rosalba contracta sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 2–8)</p><p>Description. Male (Figs. 2–6). Head dark brown dorsally, dark reddish-brown ventrally; mouthparts reddish-brown; scape and pedicel dark brown; antennomeres with light basal ring, reddish-brown on basal segments, gradually yellowish-brown toward distal segments; ventral surface of pro- and mesothorax dark brown, with some areas more reddish-brown; ventral surface of metathorax black, except reddish-brown area close to metacoxae; basal third of elytra dark reddish-brown (darker depending on light intensity), black on remaining surface; femora reddish-brown basally on narrow distal area, dark brown on remaining surface; protibiae reddish-brown on basal half, dark brown on distal half; meso- and metatibiae reddish-brown on basal third, dark brown on distal 2/3; tarsomeres I–IV reddish-brown, with irregular dark brown areas interspersed; tarsomere V reddish-brown on basal half, gradually dark brown toward apex; abdominal ventrites dark brown, with irregular reddish-brown areas interspersed.</p><p>Head. Frons finely, moderately abundantly punctate; with abundant yellowish-white pubescence, not obscuring integument; with a few long, erect dark setae close to eyes. Area between antennal tubercles and middle of upper eye lobes smooth, glabrous centrally, finely punctate, with yellowish-brown pubescence laterally; remaining surface of vertex and area behind eyes finely, moderately abundantly punctate, with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, except area close to prothorax with pubescence sparser; with a few long, erect dark setae close to eyes. Genae finely, sparsely punctate except smooth apex; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence toward posterior area, yellowish-white, sparser toward frons; with a few long, erect dark setae. Antennal tubercles with yellowish-white pubescence frontally, yellowish-brown toward posterior area. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous on wide posterior area, depressed, with a few short yellowish-white setae anteriorly. Postclypeus with yellowishwhite pubescence not obscuring integument, with long, erect dark setae interspersed. Labrum with moderately long, sparse yellowish-white setae directed forward. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.07 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.60 times length of scape. Antennae 1.8 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at distal quarter of antennomere VIII. Scape coarsely, densely punctate; with yellowish-white pubescence dorsally, yellowish-brown laterally and ventrally, both not obscuring integument; with long, erect dark setae on posterior half of ventral surface. Pedicel with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence; with long, erect dark setae ventrally. Antennomeres III–V with yellowish-white pubescence on light area, not obscuring integument, yellowish-brown on dark area, not obscuring integument. Remaining antennomeres with yellowish-white pubescence throughout, shorter on dark area. Antennomeres with long, erect, sparse yellowish setae dorsally (also ventrally on XI); antennomeres III–X with long, erect dark setae ventrally. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.12; pedicel = 0.25; IV = 1.19; V = 1.06; VI = 1.00; VII = 0.97; VIII = 0.90; IX = 0.81; X = 0.75; XI = 0.78.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax slightly wider than long; sides rounded centrally. Pronotum coarsely, densely punctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, sparser on central cross-shaped area, except nearly glabrous narrow anterior area. Sides of prothorax coarsely, densely punctate; with yellowish-brown partially obscuring integument; with a few long, erect dark setae posteriorly. Sides of prosternum with moderately abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, yellowish-white, sparse centrally (slightly denser on posterior half of prosternal process). Ventral surface of mesothorax with dense yellowish-brown pubescence laterally, distinctly sparser, yellowish-white toward central area (more abundant on posterior half of mesoventral process). Superior area of metanepisternum and sides of metaventrite with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, followed by area with abundant white pubescence, shorter, brownish with white setae interspersed on posterior half; anterocentral half of metaventrite with white pubescence not obscuring integument, distinctly sparser on posterior half, except area close to metacoxal cavities with denser yellowish-white pubescence; sides of metaventrite coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate; anterocentral area of metaventrite coarsely, moderately sparsely punctate, and posterior half smooth. Scutellum with dense yellowish-white pubescence. Elytra. Parallel-sided from humeri to about middle, then gradually narrowed toward apex; apex with outer angle projected as acute triangle, narrowly, strongly oblique toward rounded sutural angle (Fig. 6); coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate on basal third, gradually finer, sparser toward apex; basal quarter with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence, with white setae interspersed on its distal area, except wide nearly V-shaped central area with distinctly sparser, shorter brownish pubescence; remaining surface with short, slightly conspicuous brownish pubescence, with a few short, yellowish and whitish decumbent setae interspersed, except narrow yellowish-white pubescent band laterally on posterior half, not reaching apex, strongly curved in- ward on middle, not reaching suture (almost cordiform when considering both elytra). Legs. Femora with yellowish-brown pubescence, sparser on metafemora. Tibiae with moderately sparse yellowish-white setae on basal half, brownish on distal half; with long, erect dark setae, sparser on protibiae.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventrites with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument (more yellowishwhite centrally on I–IV); apex of ventrite V truncate.</p><p>Female (Figs. 7–8). Differs from male by the slightly shorter antennae (1.7 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at distal third of antennomere IX). Elytral apex (Fig. 7) wider from outer projection to sutural angle.</p><p>Dimensions (mm), holotype male/ paratype female. Total length, 5.55/5.70; prothoracic length, 1.05/1.00; anterior prothoracic width, 1.05/1.10; posterior prothoracic width, 1.05/1.10; maximum prothoracic width, 1.15/1.20; humeral width, 1.60/1.65; elytral length, 3.90/4.30.</p><p>Type material. Holotype male (LGBC, deposited at CASC), paratype female (LGBC) from ECUADOR, Orellana: 17 km E Loreto, 27.VIII.2004, F. T. Hovore col.</p><p>Remarks. Rosalba contracta sp. nov. is similar to R. bicolor (Audureau, 2016) (see photograph of the holotype at Bezark 2019), but differs by the distal area of the elytra uniformly narrowed toward the apex of the outer angle (sinuous in R. bicolor), and by the outer angle not being curved sideward (curved in R. bicolor). Rosalba bicolor also has a wider and lighter basal area of the elytra, but we believe this feature may be variable in both species.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet contracta refers to the narrowed apices of the elytra.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA09640B64FF25FF6AFB0D75BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA09620B66FF25FDCDFAF075E2.text	03A887FA09620B66FF25FDCDFAF075E2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rosalba venusta Bezark & Santos-Silva 2019	<div><p>Rosalba venusta sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 9–12)</p><p>Description. Male. Integument mostly dark brown, almost black; mouthparts reddish- brown; distal area of postclypeus, anteclypeus and labrum reddish brown; antennomeres IV–XI with narrow reddish-brown basal ring; prosternal process, postcoxal process, mesoventral process, and narrow anterior area of metaventral process dark reddish- brown; central area of scutellum reddish-brown; basal half of elytra with large, elongate, irregular reddishbrown area dorsally, gradually darkened toward its apex, and another small reddish-brown area dorsally close to anterior margin between humerus and scutellum; posterior quarter of elytra yellowish, except transverse, irregular brownish area not reaching suture and epipleural margin; trochanters, narrow basal area of femora, and narrow apical area of meso- and metafemora reddish-brown; basal third of meso- and metatibiae reddish-brown. Yellow pubescence more golden depending on light intensity.</p><p>Head. Frons finely, moderately abundantly punctate; with abundant pubescence not obscuring integument, yellowish-white close to clypeus, gradually yellowish-brown toward area between eyes, then sparser, brownish on V-shaped central area between eyes and antennal tubercles; with a few long, erect dark setae laterally. Vertex and area behind eyes finely, moderately abundantly punctate (punctures coarser, denser behind lower eye lobes); area between antennal tubercles nearly glabrous centrally, with brownish pubescence laterally, with moderately abundant yellow setae interspersed; remaining surface of vertex with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument, except longitudinal yellow pubescent band centrally; area behind superior region of upper eye lobes with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument, and inferior area with dense yellow pubescence; area behind lower eye lobes with yellow pubescence not obscuring integument; with a few long, erect dark setae close to eye. Genae finely punctate, except smooth apex; with yellow pubescence toward posterior area, yellowish-white toward frons, both not obscuring integument, except glabrous apex. Antennal tubercles finely, abundantly punctate (punctures finer than on frons); with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument. Postclypeus with yellowish-white pubescence on wide central area, with long, erect dark setae interspersed, glabrous laterally. Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus at posterior half, inclined on anterior half; with long, moderately sparse yellowish setae directed forward. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.10 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.67 times length of scape. Antenna 1.8 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at base of antennomere IX. Scape coarsely, densely, somewhat rugose-punctate; with brown pubescence not obscuring integument, with long, erect, thick dark setae interspersed, more abundant ventrally. Pedicel and antennomeres with brown pubescence, with minute white setae interspersed from VII, except yellowish, sparse pubescence on light basal area of IV–XI; ventral surface of pedicel and antennomeres III–X with long, erect, thick dark setae ventrally, abundant on III, gradually sparser toward X. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.03; pedicel = 0.28; IV = 1.05; V = 0.92; VI = 0.86; VII = 0.78; VIII = 0.75; IX = 0.67; X = 0.64; XI = 0.67.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides straight, slightly divergent from anterolateral angles to posterolateral angles. Pronotum, in side view, strongly sinuous dorsally; coarsely, abundantly punctate; with three yellow pubescent bands, one centrally, narrowest, longitudinal, less dense, another on each side, slightly oblique on anterior third, then narrowed and curved toward straight, wide, longitudinal posterior area; with white pubescence not obscuring integument on sides of anterior third, close to yellow band, centrally with small yellow macula; remaining surface with brown pubescence not obscuring integument. Sides of prothorax coarsely, abundantly punctate; with transverse, moderately sparse yellow pubescent band centrally, with white pubescence close to pronotum on ante- rior half, brownish, sparse on remaining surface. Prosternum and prosternal process, coarsely, sparsely punctate; with white pubescence not obscuring integument. Ventral surface of mesothorax with white pubescence, distinctly sparser and shorter on central area of metaventrite, except yellow pubescence on outer area of mesanepisternum and mesepimeron. Metanepisternum with dense yellow pubescence anteriorly and posteriorly, brownish, sparser centrally. Metaventrite coarsely, abundantly punctate laterally, sparser on anterocentral area, nearly smooth on posterocentral area; with white pubescence, denser on wide, oblique band from meso- to metacoxal cavities. Scutellum with dense yellow pubescence. Elytra. Parallel-sided at anterior 3/4, gradually narrowed toward oblique, truncate apex; outer and sutural posterior angles slightly projected; coarsely, abundantly punctate on basal half, gradually sparser toward apex; large light anterior area with yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, with white setae interspersed on its outer area; with inverted U-shaped pubescent band from anterior margin to large light anterior area; with irregular, oblique, wide pubescent maculae on anterior third, connected to large light anterior area, not reaching suture and scutellum; with narrow, arched band with sparse yellow and white pubescence dorsally, from large light anterior area to near posterior third; with small yellow pubescent spot dorsally about middle; with yellow pubescence on posterior light area, and yellowish-brown pubescence on brownish posterior area; remaining surface of elytra with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument. Legs. Femora with white pubescence not obscuring integument, sparser, shorter on metafemora. Tibiae with brown pubescence not obscuring integument, bristly dorsally on mesofemora; with long, erect dark setae interspersed, more abundant in meso- and metatibiae.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventrites with abundant whitish pubescence not obscuring integument. Apex of ventrite V truncate.</p><p>Dimensions (mm). Total length, 5.40; prothoracic length, 0.90; anterior prothoracic width, 0.95; posterior prothoracic width, 1.05; humeral width, 1.60; elytral length, 3.80.</p><p>Type material. Holotype male from ECUADOR, Napo: Napo-Galeras road, km 1-2, 17.II.2004, F. T. Hovore col. (LGBC, deposited at CASC).</p><p>Remarks. Rosalba venusta sp. nov. is similar to R. gaianii Joly, 2018, but differs as follows: general integument color darker; the antennomeres are reddish-brown on the narrow basal area; elytral pubescence distinctly less conspicuous outside of light areas; lower eye lobes about as long as gena. In R. gaianii, the general color of the integument is brown, the antennomeres are reddish-brown, except on the dark narrow distal area, the elytral pubescence is noticeably conspicuous throughout, and the lower eye lobes are distinctly longer than the gena.</p><p>Etymology. Rosalba venusta is a graceful-appearing species and the species name reflects this appearance.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA09620B66FF25FDCDFAF075E2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA09600B67FF25FDF3FA0D75BA.text	03A887FA09600B67FF25FDF3FA0D75BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rosalba skelleyi Bezark & Santos-Silva 2019	<div><p>Rosalba skelleyi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 13–17)</p><p>Description. Female. Integument mostly dark brown, blackish on some areas, especially dorsal surface of head and basal half of elytra; mouthparts with some areas dark reddish-brown; central area of mandibles dark reddishbrown; scape brown; pedicel and antennomeres dark reddish-brown; tibiae mostly dark brown (dark reddish-brown depending on light intensity); tarsi mostly dark reddish-brown; abdominal ventrite V dark reddish-brown basally, gradually lighter toward apex.</p><p>Head. Frons moderately finely, abundantly punctate; with abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument; with a few long, erect dark setae close to eyes. Vertex and area behind eyes with sculpturing as on frons; with light yellowish-brown pubescence obscuring integument; with a few long, erect dark setae close to upper eye lobes. Antennal tubercles moderately finely, abundantly punctate basally, nearly smooth toward apex; pubescence as on frons. Genae moderately finely, sparsely punctate, except smooth distal area, and finely striate central area; with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence obscuring integument except smooth distal area and wide central area with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence; with a few long, erect dark setae. Postclypeus with sculpturing and pubescence as on frons on wide central area, smooth and glabrous laterally; with a few long, erect dark setae on pubescent area. Labrum with short, decumbent yellowish setae near anteclypeus, with long brownish setae directed forward on remaining surface, and fringe of yellow setae anteriorly. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.19 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.80 times length of scape. Antennae 1.7 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex near apex of antennomere IX. Scape coarsely, abundantly punctate; abruptly widened near base; with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence. Pedicel and antennomeres with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence (more yellowish-white toward distal segments), with long, erect, dark setae ventrally, gradually shorter toward X, absent on XI. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.44; pedicel = 0.39; IV = 1.61; V = 1.33; VI = 1.27; VII = 1.22; VIII = 1.05; IX = 1.00; X = 0.83; XI = 1.11.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides slightly rounded in anterior 2/3, narrowed on distal third. Pronotum, in side view, convex on anterior 2/3; coarsely, densely punctate; with wide, central light yellowish-brown pubescent band, narrowly fused along anterior and posterior margins with pubescence of same color as sides; area on each side of central pubescent band with sparse light yellowish-brown pubescence. Sides of prothorax coarsely, densely punctate; with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument. Prosternum with abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence laterally, sparse centrally and on prosternal process. Narrowest area of prosternal process 0.2 times procoxal width. Ventral surface of meso- and metathorax with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence, distinctly sparser on wide central area of mesoventrite, slightly less dense on central area of metaventrite. Scutellum with light yellowish-brown pubescence obscuring integument. Elytra. Parallel-sided on anterior 3/4, gradually narrowed posteriorly toward rounded apex; coarsely, abundantly punctate on basal half, gradually finely, sparsely punctate on distal half; dorsal surface with three longitudinal light yellowish-brown pubescent bands, one sutural, slightly surpassing apex of basal third, two from base to apex (fused at distal quarter of elytra); distal area of sutural band partially fused with second innermost longitudinal band, and this latter partially fused with the outermost longitudinal band in same region; outermost longitudinal band fused with dense lateral pubescence from about middle of elytra to beginning of distal third; inclined area with dense light yellowish-brown pubescence, from base to apex; remaining surface with sparse, slightly conspicuous brownish pubescence. Legs. Femora and tibiae wish sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, lighter, slightly denser in profemora and protibiae; distal half of dorsal surface of meso- and metatibiae with long, erect, thick dark setae.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventrites with abundantly light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument.</p><p>Dimensions (mm). Total length, 4.15; prothoracic length, 0.75; anterior prothoracic width, 0.85; posterior prothoracic width, 0.75; maximum prothoracic width, 0.90; humeral width, 1.20; elytral length, 2.90.</p><p>Type material. Holotype female from BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.45/lat -17.666666)">Potrerillo Del Guendá</a> (350-400 m; 17º40’S 63º27’W; ex. cut wood), 22-24.IX.2012, J. Wappes and P. Skelley col. (FSCA, ex. ACMT).</p><p>Remarks. Rosalba skelleyi sp. nov. is similar to R. strandi (Breuning, 1943) (Fig. 18), but differs especially by the eyes being coarsely granulated (Fig. 17). It is also similar to R. clinei Tavakilian, Santos-Silva &amp; Galileo, 2018 (see photograph of the holotype at Bezark 2019), differing by the stouter body, different elytral pubescence pattern, and the rounded elytral apex (narrowly truncate in R. clinei).</p><p>Etymology. The species is named in honor of Paul E. Skelley (FSCA), one of the collectors of the holotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA09600B67FF25FDF3FA0D75BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA09610B6AFF25F89DFF3476E6.text	03A887FA09610B6AFF25F89DFF3476E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tethystola alboangulata Bezark & Santos-Silva 2019	<div><p>Tethystola alboangulata sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 19–22)</p><p>Description. Female. Integument mostly dark brown, almost black on some areas; mouthparts and distal area of labrum dark reddish-brown; antennomeres V–XI with basal reddish-brown ring; elytra slightly, gradually lighter toward apex, with narrow orange-brown band along suture; meso- and metatibiae, and meso- and metatarsi dark reddish-brown depending on intensity of light; central area of abdominal ventrites I–IV dark reddish-brown centrally.</p><p>Head. Frons, vertex, and area behind eyes moderately coarsely, abundantly punctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, slightly denser laterally on frons and vertex, with a few long, erect, thick white setae interspersed, and long, erect yellowish-brown setae interspersed close to eyes. Antennal tubercles elevated, with sculpturing as on frons basally, smooth at apex; with yellowish-brown pubescence, as on frons basally, denser toward apex. Genae transversely, finely striate, except smooth apex; with yellowish-brown pubescence centrally, nearly glabrous close to eye, glabrous posteriorly. Postclypeus with sculpturing and pubescence as on frons on wide central area, with long, erect yellowish-brown setae interspersed, smooth and glabrous laterally. Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus on posterior 2/3, inclined on anterior third; finely, abundantly punctate on coplanar area; with yellowish-brown pubescence distinctly not obscuring integument on coplanar area, with long, erect setae of same color interspersed; anterior margin with fringe of golden setae. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.48 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes equal to length of scape. Antennae 1.8 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at base of antennomere IX. Scape with dense yellowish-brown pubescence dorsally, gradually shorter, sparser toward ventral surface; with long, sparse, erect whitish and dark setae dorsally, whitish ventrally. Pedicel and antennomeres with yellowish-white pubescence partially obscuring integument (more yellowish-brown on basal antennomeres), with long, erect dark setae interspersed throughout, longer ventrally (basal antennomeres with a few white setae interspersed). Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.86; pedicel = 0.27; IV = 1.04; V = 0.90; VI = 0.86; VII = 0.81; VIII = 0.72; IX = 0.67; X = 0.58; XI = 0.65.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax almost as long as wide; sides sinuous, forming two rounded protuberances, one anteriorly, another about middle. Pronotum with one moderately large tubercle on each side of anterior half, another less elevated centrally on posterior half; coarsely, abundantly punctate; with two longitudinal yellowish-white pubescent centrally, one at anterior quarter, another at posterior half; remaining surface with yellowish-brown pubescence, not obscuring integument, more yellowish-white laterally on some areas; with long, sparse, erect white setae. Sides of prothorax coarsely, abundantly punctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, with long, erect white setae interspersed. Prosternum and prosternal process coarsely, abundantly punctate; with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument (whiter depending on light intensity), with long, erect white setae interspersed. Ventral surface of mesothorax with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument (whiter depending on light intensity), distinctly shorter and sparser on central area of mesoventrite and mesoventral process, with long, erect white setae interspersed; mesoventral process, mesanepisternum and mesepimeron coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate; central area of mesoventrite coarsely, shallowly, sparsely punctate. Ventral surface of metathorax coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate laterally, punctures slightly finer and sparser on anterocentral area, distinctly finer and sparser on posterocentral area; with yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument (whiter depending on light intensity), with long, erect white setae interspersed. Scutellum with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument laterally, lighter, slightly denser along longitudinal central area. Elytra. Parallel-sided on anterior 3/4, gradually narrowed toward widely truncate apex posteriorly; coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate on basal third, punctures gradually finer, sparser toward apex; with oblique, dense white pubescent band centrally, not reaching suture and epipleural margin; with another oblique white pubescent band in posterior third, wider than the former toward suture, with irregular maculae with yellowish pubescence interspersed dorsally; with two more white pubescent bands near apex, irregular and less conspicuous; remaining surface with light yellowish-brown pubescence interspersed with yellowish-white pubescence, not obscuring integument; with long, sparse, erect dark setae dorsally (and a few white setae), white laterally. Legs. Femora and tibiae with abundant light yellowish-brown pubescence, not obscuring integument, with long, erect white setae interspersed.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventrites with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument (whiter depending on light intensity), with long, erect white setae interspersed. Apex of ventrite V truncate.</p><p>Dimensions (mm). Total length, 6.65; prothoracic length, 1.35; anterior prothoracic width, 1.15; posterior prothoracic width, 1.10; maximum prothoracic width, 1.35; humeral width, 1.70; elytral length, 4.60. Type material. Holotype female from TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, Trinidad: Simla [William Beebe Tropical Research Station], 2-15.VI.1981, Hanson &amp; Clemons col. (LGBC, to be deposited at CASC).</p><p>Remarks. Tethystola alboangulata sp. nov. belongs to the group of species with a truncate elytral apex. It differs from T. brasiliensis Breuning, 1940 (Figs. 23–24), by the antennomeres IX–X or IX–XI being not entirely yellowish (yellowish in T. brasiliensis), the white pubescent band on the central area of the elytra is less oblique and not followed by a dark area (more oblique and followed by dark area in T. brasiliensis), and the posterior area of the elytra without a dark area (present in T. brasiliensis). It differs from T. minima Galileo &amp; Martins, 2001 (Figs. 25–26), by the stouter body (more slender in T. minima), the antennae mostly dark (mostly orangish-brown in T. minima), and different pubescent patterns on the pronotum and elytra. Tethystola alboangulata differs from T. inermis Galileo &amp; Martins, 2001 (Fig. 27), especially by the noticeably different pubescent patterns on the pronotum and elytra, and darker legs (orangish-brown in T. inermis). It differs from T. mutica Gahan, 1895 (see photograph of the lectotype female at Bezark 2019), by the oblique pubescent band of the central area of the elytra not sinuous (sinuous in T. mutica), and the posterior oblique band distinctly wider and irregular (narrower and regular in T. mutica). Finally, it differs from T. cincta Martins &amp; Galileo, 2008 (see photograph of the holotype at Bezark 2019), by the stouter body (slenderer in T. cincta), elytra being proportionally shorter (3.4 times pronotal length) (longer in T. cincta, about 3.7 times longer than pronotum), and the elytral apex is not distinctly oblique (oblique, with outer angle projected in T. cincta).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet alboangulata refers to the two angulate white lines of pubescence on the elytra.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA09610B6AFF25F89DFF3476E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA096C0B6CFF25FCB6FB627136.text	03A887FA096C0B6CFF25FCB6FB627136.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Blabicentrus similis Bezark & Santos-Silva 2019	<div><p>Blabicentrus similis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 28–31)</p><p>Description. Female. Integument mostly black; ventral surface of head dark brown laterally, gradually dark reddish-brown toward central area (lighter toward prothorax); mouthparts dark reddish-brown, except yellowish-brown apex of palpomeres and apex of glossa; anteclypeus dark reddish-brown laterally, dark brown centrally; labrum dark brown posteriorly, gradually yellowish-brown toward anterior margin; scape dark brown; pedicel brown; antennomere III orangish-brown basally, gradually brown toward apex; antennomeres IV–VIII orangish-brown, except brown apex; antennomeres IX–X orangish-brown (antennomere XI missing); elytra black basally, dark brown on remaining surface, except reddish-brown sides of posterior half; femora reddish-brown basally; abdominal ventrite I black, except dark reddish-brown distal area; abdominal ventrite II almost black basally, gradually reddish-brown toward apex; abdominal ventrites III–IV reddish-brown, except yellowish-brown distal area; abdominal ventrite V black. Long and erect setae dark, more orangish depending on light intensity.</p><p>Head. Frons finely, sparsely punctate toward vertex, smooth toward clypeus; with abundant white pubescence not entirely obscuring integument, with long, erect, moderately abundant setae interspersed. Vertex and area behind eyes finely, sparsely punctate, with white pubescence not obscuring integument, with long, erect setae interspersed. Antennal tubercles finely, sparsely punctate frontally, nearly smooth on remaining surface; with white pubescence not obscuring integument, with long, erect setae interspersed. Genae almost four times shorter than lower eye lobe; minutely rugose except smooth distal area; with sparse white pubescence, except glabrous smooth area. Postclypeus finely, sparsely punctate on wide central area close to frons, smooth close to anteclypeus; pubescence as on frons on wide central area, distinctly sparser close to anteclypeus and laterally; with long, erect setae interspersed. Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus on posterior quarter, gradually inclined centrally, distinctly inclined at anterior quarter; with long, moderately sparse yellowish-white setae directed forward, and dense fringe with yellow pubescence anteriorly. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except narrow depressed anterior area, with a few short white setae. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.14 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.63 times length of scape. Antennae 1.5 times elytral length (up to apex of antennomere X), reaching elytral apex at near middle of antennomere IX. Scape coarsely, sparsely punctate; with white pubescence not obscuring integument, with long, erect setae interspersed throughout. Pedicel with white pubescence not obscuring integument, with long, erect setae interspersed throughout. Antennomeres with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument (whiter depending on light intensity), with long, erect setae ventrally, except antennomere X with yellowish setae; antennomeres III–IX with long, erect setae at apex of dorsal and lateral surfaces. Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.09; pedicel = 0.31; IV = 1.22; V = 0.98; VI = 0.90; VII = 0.84; VIII = 0.72; IX = 0.69; X = 0.65.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax about 1.25 times wider than long; widened, rounded laterally. Pronotum slightly gibbous on sides of wide central area; coarsely, moderately sparsely punctate; with white and yellowish-brown pubescence mixed, denser on some areas, sparser on others, not obscuring integument, with long, erect setae interspersed. Sides of prothorax with sculpturing as on pronotum, pubescence of the same color as on pronotum, but denser. Prosternum and prosternal process with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument (whiter depending on light intensity); narrowest area of prosternal process 0.25 times width of procoxal cavity. Ventral surface of meso- and metathorax with yellowish-white pubescence (whiter depending on light intensity), slightly denser on posterior sides of metathorax, distinctly sparser on central area of mesoventrite; apex of mesoventral process with distinct flap on each side. Scutellum with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, with yellowish setae interspersed.</p><p>Elytra. Nearly parallel-sided on anterior 2/3, gradually narrowed toward truncate apex; coarsely, abundantly punctate on basal half, gradually finer, sparser on remaining surface; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence nearly obscuring integument on anterior fifth; with wide white pubescent band from apex of anterior fifth to about middle, more projected backward centrally, from suture to epipleural margin; with white pubescent macula laterally about middle, from epipleural margin to beginning of sides of dorsal surface (sparser near epipleural margin); with wide white pubescent band along suture, from anterior white pubescent band to apex (pubescence slightly less dense than anterior white band), widened posteriorly, covering entire distal area; remaining surface of posterior half with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument; with long, erect setae throughout. Legs. Femora with long, decumbent white setae not obscuring integument, with long, erect setae interspersed. Tibiae with sparse white pubescence dorsally on basal third (entire dorsal surface of protibiae), nearly glabrous on remaining surface, with long, erect setae throughout.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventrites with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument (whiter depending on light intensity). Apex of ventrite V truncate.</p><p>Dimensions (mm). Total length, 5.60; prothoracic length, 1.15; anterior prothoracic width, 1.20; posterior prothoracic width, 1.30; maximum prothoracic width, 1.45; humeral width, 2.00; elytral length, 4.10.</p><p>Type material. Holotype female from PANAMA, Panama: 31 km E. Cañita, 21.V.1991, F. T. Hovore col. (LGBC, deposited at CASC).</p><p>Remarks. Blabicentrus similis sp. nov. is similar to B. capixaba (Martins &amp; Galileo, 1998) (Figs. 32–35), but differs as follows: the antennae distinctly surpassing the elytral apex (at most, reaching in B. capixaba – see photograph of a female from Bolivia in Bezark 2009); setae of the pronotum being of two colors (only dull-yellowish in B. capixaba), the scutellum mostly with white pubescence (yellow in B. capixaba); absence of yellowish-brown pubescence interspersed on the dorsal surface of the wide anterior white pubescent band of the elytra (present in B. capixaba); the prosternal process (Fig. 29) being nearly twice as wide centrally than in B. capixaba (Fig. 33). Additionally, apparently, the white pubescence forms a distinct transverse band on distal third of the elytra in the true specimens of B. capixaba, which is not present in Blabicentrus similis, or in the specimens from French Guiana.</p><p>Etymology. Blabicentrus similis is so named because of its similar appearance to B. capixaba .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA096C0B6CFF25FCB6FB627136	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA096A0B6DFF25FA3EFDF77672.text	03A887FA096A0B6DFF25FA3EFDF77672.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pygmaeopsis Schaeffer 1908	<div><p>Pygmaeopsis Schaeffer, 1908</p><p>Pygmaeopsis Schaeffer, 1908: 347; Bradley, 1930: 244; Arnett, 1962: 870, 892; Breuning, 1974: 134; Chemsak &amp; Linsley, 1975: 273; Linsley &amp; Chemsak, 1985: 162; Monné, 1994: 1 (cat.).</p><p>According to Schaeffer (1908): “This genus… is perhaps best placed in Lacordaire’s tribe Estolides, though the intermediate coxal cavities are not quite closed. To the genera having these open, it seems to be less related. In our fauna it has to be placed in LeConte and Horn’s tribe Pogonocherini near the genus Zaplous .”</p><p>Bradley (1930) included Pygmaeopsis in Estolini (now equal to Desmiphorini). The author followed Lacordaire’s (1872) key to tribes of Lamiinae. Breuning (1974) included the genus in Rhodopinini (now equal to Desmiphorini). Since Chemsak &amp; Linsley (1975), the genus has been included in Pogonocherini . According to them: “Previous writers have disagreed as to the appropriateness of recognizing this group of beetles ( Pogonocherini) as a separate tribe and also in the interpretation of the characters expressed in the genera assigned to it. Two of the characters shared by the genera included here are closed intermediate coxal cavities and middle tibiae with an external sinus.” However, those characters do not allow excluding Estolini, in which Pygmaeopsis was placed. Furthermore, according to Linsley &amp; Chemsak (1975), in the key to tribes of Lamiinae: “Body short and convex, long flying hairs often present, if elongate and flying hairs absent, pronotum laterally unarmed,” leading to Pogonocherini; “Body elongate and parallel-sided, flying hairs absent; pronotum tuberculate laterally”, leading to Estolini. Thus, following this key, Pygmaeopsis would need to be included in Estolini, and not in Pogonocherini .</p><p>The validity of Pogonocherini as distinct from Desmiphorini was questioned by Nascimento et al. (in press): “It is important to note that Pogonocherus appears to belong in Desmiphorini, at least, we could not find a feature that would exclude this genus from this tribe. The eventual transfer of the type genus of Pogonocherini to Desmiphorini would require the names of the two tribes to become synonyms, and in this situation Pogonocherini would be the senior name for the resulting tribe.”</p><p>For now, we transfer Pygmaeopsis to Desmiphorini, following the key by Linsley and Chemsak (1985). Actually, it is probable that Pseudestola Breuning, 1940 is a junior synonym of Pygmaeopsis, since we could not find a reliable difference. However, we prefer not to establish the formal synonymy without examining more specimens of the species currently placed in Pseudestola .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA096A0B6DFF25FA3EFDF77672	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA096B0B6EFF25FD62FEF97382.text	03A887FA096B0B6EFF25FD62FEF97382.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pygmaeopsis apicalis Bezark & Santos-Silva 2019	<div><p>Pygmaeopsis apicalis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 36–39)</p><p>Description. Male. Frons and vertex black; antennal tubercles and most of genae dark reddish-brown; ventral surface of head brown; mouthparts reddish-brown, except pale yellow apex of last palpomeres; dorsal surface and basal third of sides and ventral surface of scape orangish-brown, and remaining surface dark brown; pedicel basal area of antennomeres III–X orangish-brown (roughly basal half on anterior antennomeres, gradually shorter toward X), and remaining surface of antennomeres dark brown (lighter ventrally on anterior antennomeres); antennomere XI orangish-brown; pronotum mostly brown, except dark-brown V-shaped central macula, and dark reddish-brown anterior area; sides of prothorax and sides of prosternum dark-brown, central area of prosternum dark reddish-brown, except black area surrounding procoxal cavities and prosternal process; ventral surface of meso- and metathorax nearly entirely black; elytra mostly black, with oblique, irregular orangish-brown macula laterally on anterior third, narrow orangish-brown band along suture, from about apex of anterior third to posterior seventh, and posterior seventh light yellowish-brown; femora orangish-brown anteriorly and posteriorly, blackish on wide central area; tibiae mostly dark reddish-brown, with irregular dark brown areas on distal region; tarsi mostly orangish-brown; abdominal ventrites dark brown (slightly lighter toward distal segments), except yellowish-brown distal area of I–IV.</p><p>Head. Frons finely, moderately abundantly punctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument (whiter depending on light intensity), denser laterally. Vertex and area behind upper eye lobes finely, moderately sparsely punctate; with yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, less so centrally, and brownish pubescence centrally from area between upper eye lobes to prothoracic margin. Area behind lower eye lobes coarsely, abundantly punctate, except smooth area close to prothorax; with narrow yellowish-brown pubescence band close to eye, sparse, yellowish-white on remaining punctate area, glabrous close to prothorax. Antennal tubercles with sculpturing and pubescence as on sides of frons, except nearly smooth apex. Genae finely, sparsely punctate, except smooth apex; with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence (whiter depending on light intensity), except glabrous apex. Postclypeus coarsely, sparsely punctate on wide central area, smooth laterally; with sparse, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence (whiter depending on light intensity). Labrum with sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, with long yellowish-brown setae directed forward on transverse central area, and fringe of yellow setae anteriorly. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except a few short yellowish-white setae anteriorly. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.6 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes equal to length of scape. Antennae 1.6 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex near apex of antennomere IX. Scape, pedicel, and light area of antennomeres with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument; dark area of antennomeres with sparse reddish-brown pubescence; ventral surface of pedicel and antennomeres III–X with long, erect, dark setae ventrally (sparser toward X). Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.96; pedicel = 0.32; IV = 1.5; V = 0.79; VI = 0.77; VII = 0.73; VIII = 0.67; IX = 0.65; X = 0.54; XI = 0.50.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; lateral tubercles moderately large, acute at apex. Pronotum coarsely, abundantly punctate; with yellowish-white pubescence partially obscuring integument, more so laterally, except yellowish-brown pubescence on sides of anterior and posterior areas (posteriorly projected forward on sides of central area), and nearly smooth V-shaped central area. Sides of prothorax coarsely, abundantly punctate, with light yellow- ish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument. Prosternum coarsely, moderately shallowly punctate; with sparse yellowish-white pubescence. Ventral surface of meso- and metathorax coarsely, densely punctate; with yellowishwhite pubescence not obscuring integument. Scutellum dense pale yellow pubescent, slightly yellower laterally.</p><p>Elytra. Parallel-sided from humeri to distal sixth, then gradually, rounded narrowed toward sutural angle; coarsely, moderately abundantly punctate; with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument, except large, irregular areas with slightly conspicuous brownish pubescence. Legs. With light yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except ventral surface of posterior 2/3 of protibiae with brown pubescence, and posterodorsal surface of mesotibiae with dark brown setae.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventrites coarsely, abundantly punctate (punctures slightly finer toward ventrite V); with yellowishwhite pubescence not obscuring integument, slightly denser laterally. Apex of ventrite V slightly rounded.</p><p>Dimensions (mm), holotype male/ paratype male. Total length, 4.40/2.75; prothoracic length, 0.95/0.80; anterior prothoracic width, 1.00/0.85; posterior prothoracic width, 1.00/0.90; maximum prothoracic width, 1.25/1.20; humeral width, 1.50/1.35; elytral length, 3.15/2.80.</p><p>Type material. Holotype male from MEXICO, Chiapas: P.N. Cañón del Sumidero, Mirador rd. 7-9 km, E Park Entrance, 18.VII.2007, J. &amp; F. Rifkind &amp; P. Gum col. (LGBC, deposited in CASC) . Paratype male, same data as holotype (LGBC) .</p><p>Remarks. Pygmaeopsis apicalis sp. nov. differs from P. viticola Schaeffer, 1908 (see photographs of types at Bezark 2019) by the elytra being mostly black, with the elytral apex entirely light (in P. viticola, mostly orangish, with irregular, moderately small dark areas interspersed, with the apical area not contrasting with the remaining surface), and the central area of the dorsal surface of the elytra without a narrow, longitudinal, fragmented pubescent band (present in P. viticola), and by the antennomeres proportionally thicker.</p><p>Etymology. Pygmaeopsis apicalis is named for the light-colored apical portion of the elytra which contrasts with the remainder.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA096B0B6EFF25FD62FEF97382	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA09690B70FF25FF6AFB217776.text	03A887FA09690B70FF25FF6AFB217776.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudestola maculata Bezark & Santos-Silva 2019	<div><p>Pseudestola maculata sp. nov.</p><p>(Figures 40–48)</p><p>Description. Male (Figs. 40–43). Head dark brown, almost black, except reddish-brown antennal tubercles; mouthparts dark reddish-brown, except yellowish-brown areas on palpomeres; labrum mostly yellowish-brown; scape brown with some areas more reddish-brown and yellowish-brown; pedicel light reddish-brown; antennomere III reddish-brown basally, gradually dark brown toward apex; antennomere IV yellowish- brown on basal half, gradually darker on distal half; remaining antennomeres narrowly reddish-brown basally (this area nearly indistinct on distal segments), brown on remaining surface. Pronotum and sides of prothorax dark brown; ventral surface of thorax and abdomen dark brown. Elytra with semielliptical dark brown area on circum-scutellar area; inclined area dark brown on anterior third, gradually lighter toward apex, with semicircular projection toward dorsal surface about middle; remaining surface orangish-brown, except brownish sutural area. Femora reddish-brown anteriorly and posteriorly, irregularly dark brown centrally; tibiae mostly reddish-brown, slightly darkened toward apex; tarsi mostly reddish-brown.</p><p>Head. Frons, vertex and area behind upper eye lobes finely, moderately abundantly punctate; frons with sparse yellowish-white pubescence close to clypeus, gradually more abundant, yellowish-brown (lighter depending on light intensity) toward vertex, area between antennal tubercles with yellowish-white pubescence partially obscuring integument, following close to eyes toward area behind them; central area between upper eye lobes and prothoracic margin with yellowish-brown pubescence; area behind lower eye lobes moderately finely, densely punctate; with abundant yellowish-white pubescence, obscuring integument toward ventral surface.Antennal tubercles finely, moderately abundant punctate (punctures finer than on frons); with yellowish-brown pubescence (more yellowish-white depending on light intensity) partially obscuring integument, slightly darker on anterocentral area. Genae finely, sparsely punctate, except smooth distal area; with sparse yellowish-white pubescence, except glabrous distal area. Postclypeus with sculpturing and pubescence as on frons on wide central area, smooth and glabrous laterally; with a few long, erect, brownish setae on wide central area. Labrum with long, decumbent, moderately sparse yellowish-white setae (whiter depending on light intensity), and fringe of setae of same color on anterior margin. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.47 times length of scape; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.95 times length of scape. Antennae 1.6 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex near apex of antennomere IX. Scape constricted between scape-ball and remaining surface, nearly cylindrical; with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument. Antennomeres III–IV with conspicuous yellowish-white pubescence on light area, brownish, with a few yellowish-white short setae interspersed on dark area; remaining antennomeres with brownish pubescence not obscuring integument, with short, bristly yellowish-white pubescence interspersed; antennomeres; pedicel and antennomeres III–X with long, erect, thick dark setae ventrally.Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.87; pedicel = 0.29; IV = 1.33; V = 0.62; VI = 0.58; VII = 0.54; VIII = 0.50; IX = 0.46; X = 0.48; XI = 0.50.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax wider than long (even excluding lateral tubercles); lateral tubercle slender, elongate, acute at apex, placed about beginning of posterior third. Pronotum coarsely, densely punctate; with wide, sparse yellowishwhite pubescent band centrally, from base to apex, widened centrally; with dense yellowish-white pubescence laterally, and yellowish-brown pubescence on remaining surface, not obscuring integument. Sides of prothorax coarsely, densely punctate; with yellowish-white pubescence, denser close to pronotum and prosternum. Ventral surface of thorax with yellowish-white pubescence (yellower depending on light intensity), denser laterally on meso- and metathorax. Scutellum with dense pale yellow pubescence. Elytra. Parallel-sided from humeri to distal quarter, then gradually, rounded, narrowed toward sutural angle; coarsely, abundantly punctate (punctures somewhat denser on dark area around scutellum); with abundant yellowish-white pubescence on parts of light areas, distinctly sparser, yellowish-brown on others; with sparse brownish pubescence on dark areas, with short, yellowish-white setae interspersed in some regions. Legs. With yellowish-white pubescence partially obscuring integument.</p><p>Abdomen. Ventrites with yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument; apex of ventrite V nearly truncate.</p><p>Female (Figs. 44–48). Antennae (only one specimen measured) slightly shorter, 1.55 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at basal quarter of antennomere X; apex of abdominal ventrite V slightly concave.</p><p>Variation. Elytra mostly brownish, but with the same dark brown areas; elytra with dark brown sutural band distinctly widened from the apex of the anterior third to the base of the posterior fifth, and with subrounded macula on the sides of the dorsal surface of the posterior fifth (fused with the dark region of the inclined area); distal anten- nomeres entirely dark brown; tarsi mostly brown; pubescence on frons moderately abundant, entirely yellowishbrown; pubescence on vertex and area behind eyes with yellowish-brown pubescence, nearly entirely obscuring integument; pubescence on anterocentral area of antennal tubercles brown; genal pubescence moderately abundant; pubescence on labrum slightly denser and yellower; pubescence on scutellum yellowish-brown.</p><p>Dimensions (mm), holotype male/ paratypes female. Total length, 3.45/3.30–4.10; prothoracic length, 0.75/0.65–0.80; anterior prothoracic width, 0.70/0.65–0.85; posterior prothoracic width, 0.75/0.70–0.90; maximum prothoracic width, 0.90/0.85–1.15; humeral width, 1.15/1.10–1.35; elytral length, 2.45/2.50–3.00.</p><p>Type material. Holotype male from PANAMA, Chiriquí: Volcán (1,500 m; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-82.67311&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.769805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -82.67311/lat 8.769805)">Las Lagunas del Volcán</a>; 08º46’11.3”N 82º40’23.2”W), 20-30.I.2014, L.G. Bezark col. (LGBC, deposited in CASC) . Paratypes – Same data as holotype, 4 females (3, LGBC; 1 MZSP) . COSTA RICA, Puntarenas: Monteverde, 1 female, 4-9.I.1989, F.T. Hovore col. (CASC) .</p><p>Remarks. Pseudestola maculata sp. nov. differs from P. densepunctata Breuning, 1940 (see photograph of the holotype at Bezark 2019), by the different pronotal and elytral pubescence pattern, and slender and longer lateral tubercles of the prothorax (distinctly shorter and conical in P. densepunctata); and the distal antennomeres not distinctly ringed (distinctly in P. densepunctata). It differs from P. ayri Galileo &amp; Martins, 2012 (see photograph of the holotype at Bezark 2019), by the different pronotal and elytral pubescence pattern, the antennae being slightly shorter (reaching the elytral apex at the apex of antennomere VIII in males of P. ayri), and antennomere IV in male, shorter than prothorax (longer in P. ayri).</p><p>Etymology. Pseudestola maculata is named for the dark-colored markings on the elytra.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA09690B70FF25FF6AFB217776	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
03A887FA09770B72FF25FA66FBF4749A.text	03A887FA09770B72FF25FA66FBF4749A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Desmiphora (Desmiphora) cirrosa Erichson 1847	<div><p>Desmiphora (Desmiphora) cirrosa Erichson, 1847</p><p>Desmiphora cirrosa Erichson, 1847: 147 .</p><p>Desmiphora similis Breuning, 1943: 46 .</p><p>Desmiphora cucullata Thomson, 1868: 104 . Syn. nov.</p><p>In 1847, Erichson described Desmiphora cirrosa based on a female from Peru, collected by Tshudi. Subsequently, in 1868, Thomson described Desmiphora cucullata from a female collected in South Brazil (Oberthür Collection), and mentioned that it may be only a variation of D. cirrosa . Additionally, some of the differences pointed out by him do not exist when comparing the holotypes (see photographs of both type specimens at Bezark 2019) (for instance, the general color). Comparing photographs of both holotypes, it is possible to see that, apparently, D. cucullata does not have the tuft of setae on the dorsobasal area of the elytra, as well as the tuft of setae on dorsodistal third area of the elytra. It appears that only the tufts near apex are present. However, Thomson did not mention them, or the presence of the tufts on the distal area, which are, evidently, present.</p><p>Based on examination of the two type specimens and a large series of specimens in the ACMT (Mexico; Tamaulipas to Quintana Roo, Costa Rica, Bolivia, and Paraguay), LGBC (Mexico; Chiapas, Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador, and Paraguay) and MZSP, the synonymy is confirmed. The recently collected material shows some variation in the spotting of the basal antennal segments and some differences in the preapical elytral markings, and all specimens have the extensive tufting and uniform coloration; they all appear to be the same species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A887FA09770B72FF25FA66FBF4749A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bezark, Larry G.;Santos-Silva, Antonio	Bezark, Larry G., Santos-Silva, Antonio (2019): Synonymies and seven new species in Lamiinae from the Neotropical Region (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 92-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.4
