taxonID	type	description	language	source
C0B417C79D9D6805AA95F4CF7A3942EE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. As for the family.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
3C68768F37D7EC5A80FF18CECE8B4F7F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Medium-sized insects (wings 6.5 - 17 mm long). Sc joining base of pterostigma; RP origin rather distal; RP and MA deeply forked; rp-ma crossvein present; MP once forked (much beyond R fork). Free base of MA developed as crossvein originating from M stem. Anal area at least 1 / 2 wing length. In forewing, RP + MA angled forwards at base of pterostigma, M and CuA forming long anastomosis (ending nearly level to R fork), M arched forwards distad of anastomosis, free base of MA just beyond M + CuA fork, and CuA forked. In hind wing (Fig. 6), M and CuA connected by very oblique arculus, CuA simple, and anal area variable (narrow in smaller species and broadened in larger species). Nygmata present. Veins and wing membrane evenly covered with short hairs. Short-bodied, somewhat dorsoventrally depressed. Head large, markedly transverse. Pronotum small, very short; pterothorax homonomous; legs short. Abdomen rather short, with short, well sclerotized segments. Male genitalia without prominent genital capsule, gonocoxites directed caudad, clavate gonostyles directed mediad.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
C5146FB42154773B2246CBF106F275B8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. As for the family.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
58162A7F9DC411DECE6C42853A478D6C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Minute insects (wings 2.5 - 4.5 mm long). Sc joining base of large pterostigma. RP origin distal; ir 1 crossvein at base of pterostigma. RP and MA simple (sometimes MA with small fork); rp-ma crossvein absent; MP 1 with 3 - 4, MP 2 with 2 branches; CuA apparently simple or with terminal fork. MP fork level to, or just before R fork. M and CuA forming X-junction or very short anastomosis much before R fork (M stem arched towards CuA distad of junction). In forewing, RA sometimes with break at base of pterostigma. Free base of MA developed as crossvein originating from base of MP 1 (in hind wing sometimes absent). Hind wing similar to forewing, with narrow anal area. Nygmata absent. Veins beset with strong setae; wing membrane bare. Body short. Pterothorax heteronomous: metanotum smaller and much shorter than mesonotum, without scutoscutellar sutures. Abdomen with short segments; 1 st tergite with posteromedian notch.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
A3BF5DF0A6CBFE12C394E174257E69F1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pterostigma lanceolate to triangular, moderately elongate, dark. Anal area ~ 1 / 2 wing length, with two anal veins.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
3A74BDF46A52F2C8A0B3FEC9D863D3C5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Distinct in the long 1 mp cell, distal R fork, numerous Sc veinlets, and triangular pterostigma.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
3A74BDF46A52F2C8A0B3FEC9D863D3C5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after Greek nanos (dwarf) and Sialis; gender feminine.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
940BAF30220C43FF2783B9DB8F653147.taxon	description	Description. Forewing 3.0 mm long, elongate (2.7: 1), narrowly rounded posterior to MA apex; 7 Sc veinlets; pterostigma distally translucent, with 2 veinlets inside; RP base and crossveins ir 1, ir 2 transverse, not far separated; ir 1 at base of pterostigma; mp cell single, rather long; MP 1 3 - branched, pectinate backwards; MP 2 2 - branched; CuA simple; anal area 1 / 2 wing length; two anal veins (2 A + 3 A with 3 branches), delimiting one anal cell. Adult PIN 3840 / 2604 A (part and counterpart; head, prothorax, legs, right wings, and apex of abdomen beyond 6 th segment, missing; left forewing and hind wing plaited and superimposed, as clearly seen in their pterostigmal areas). Tentatively assigned to the same species on account of similar size and reconstructed forewing venation (differing from the holotype in the larger mp cell and more separated ir 1 and ir 2 crossveins). Hind wing with well-developed pterostigma. Body as preserved ~ 2 mm long, somewhat depressed dorsoventrally. Mesoscutum 0.7 mm wide, transverse oval (1.9: 1), deeply convex; narrow anterior zone laterally cut off by deep grooves; adjacent third steeply sloped, with semicircular median lobe delimited by arched lines; mesoscutellum low triangular, delimited by deep grooves, with posterior margin slightly arched; mesopostnotum rather narrow. Metascutum 0.55 mm wide, x 1.3 narrower and twice shorter than mesoscutum, subtriangular, more flat, with anterior margin concave, area of metascutellum slightly upturned (no scutoscutellar sutures), posterior margin subangulate; metapostnotum very narrow, arched. Abdomen ~ 0.7 mm wide, well sclerotized; 1 st tergite short (especially medially), broadly sinuate anteriorly, with deep semicircular posterior notch nearly dividing it medially; 2 - 6 th tergites longer, transverse (~ 2.5: 1).	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
940BAF30220C43FF2783B9DB8F653147.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after the paleoentomologist Alexander Ponomarenko.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
87F8892DA18875C1CC6B56037468D454.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Very long 1 mp cell; few Sc veinlets; in forewing, RA with a break at nodus, and RP section distal to RP + MA desclerotized.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
87F8892DA18875C1CC6B56037468D454.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after Lyda and Sialis; gender feminine.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
5A7BEA43717804039BAA031672BC3C42.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Distinct from the type species in the larger size and more abundant vein branching.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
5A7BEA43717804039BAA031672BC3C42.taxon	description	Description. Hind wing ~ 4.4 mm long, elongate (~ 3.2: 1), acutely rounded at MA apex; 5? Sc veinlets (four preserved); pterostigma rather evenly suffused, without distinct veinlets; MP 1 4 - branched; CuA with terminal fork.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
5A7BEA43717804039BAA031672BC3C42.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after the paleoentomologist Alexei Bashkuev.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
849F14C1BBE0639BB3D2CB13D5AA4C6B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Forewing with R fork and ir 1 crossvein proximal, costal space wide, 1 mp cell very short (apparently more than one mp cell), and two mcu crossveins.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
849F14C1BBE0639BB3D2CB13D5AA4C6B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after Hymenoptera and Megaloptera; gender feminine.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
64D2664761637EB27EDA610498E12FC3.taxon	description	Description. Forewing ~ 2.8 mm long, broad (~ 2.4: 1), obliquely rounded apically; costal space moderately narrow, with 3 Sc veinlets; pterostigma wide; RA with break at nodus; R fork rather distal; RP base and crossveins ir 1, im 1, im 2, mcu oblique; ir 1 at base of pterostigma; RP section between RP + MA and ir 1 desclerotized; MA with terminal fork; 1 mp cell single, very long; MP 1 4 - branched, pectinate backwards; MP 2 2 - branched; CuA with terminal fork beyond mcu. Hind wing PIN 3840 / 2601 (base and most of anal area missing, 1 A tucked under), interpreted as a hind wing due to the delicate, finely longitudinally wrinkled wing membrane. Tentatively assigned to the same species on account of similar size, few Sc veinlets, a wide pterostigma, and very long 1 mp cell. Hind wing ~ 2.6 mm long, elongate (~ 2.8: 1), narrowly rounded apically; costal space narrower, probably with 3 Sc veinlets; pterostigma wider, rather evenly suffused, without distinct veinlets; no break on RA; only ir 1 somewhat oblique; MA simple; MP 1 3 - branched; MP 2 2 - branched; CuA with terminal fork.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
64D2664761637EB27EDA610498E12FC3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after the hymenopterist Charles D. Michener.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
7DB095E7911B9B9458DEB4E6BDF02A3D.taxon	description	Description. Forewing ~ 3.4 mm long, broad (~ 2.5: 1); costal space wide, with more than 5 Sc veinlets; pterostigma large, distally translucent, with 2 veinlets in side; R fork proximal; RP base short; ir 1 oblique, distant from pterostigma; MP 1 4 - branched; 1 mp cell very short; two crossveins mcu.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
7DB095E7911B9B9458DEB4E6BDF02A3D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after the paleoentomologist Alexander Rasnitsyn.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
946E9371C8F8E86A57381FF1D1483D03.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Pterostigma sickle-shaped, very elongate. Anal area shorter than 1 / 2 wing length, with three anal veins.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
9AE459163F4CB06E3F78CFF9DFCA961E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Forewing with cell 1 mp short (apparently several mp cells) and two mcu crossveins.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
9AE459163F4CB06E3F78CFF9DFCA961E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after Raphidia and Sialis; gender feminine.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
B4A5BA746FDC6C8CADD2EE3F5C19CBB7.taxon	description	Description. Forewing ~ 3.9 mm long, elongate (~ 3.2: 1); costal space moderately narrow, with 7 Sc veinlets; pterostigma long, narrow, sickle-shaped, unpigmented; RA with small fork beyond it; R fork distal; ir 1 at base of pterostigma; 1 mp cell short (apparently at least three mp cells); two crossveins mcu; anal area shorter than 1 / 2 wing length; three anal veins (3 A with terminal fork), delimiting two anal cells.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
B4A5BA746FDC6C8CADD2EE3F5C19CBB7.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Named after the paleoentomologist Andrey Martynov.	en	Shcherbakov, Dmitry E. (2013): Permian ancestors of Hymenoptera and Raphidioptera. ZooKeys 358: 45-67, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.358.6289
