identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B487FAC246526FFF448296CC85F8A1.text	03B487FAC246526FFF448296CC85F8A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helodon Enderlein 1921	<div><p>Subgenus HELODON Enderlein, 1921</p><p>Helodon (Helodon) laamii (Beaucournu-Saguez &amp; Bailly-Choumara, 1981)</p><p>Morocco: Rif: Belqat et al. (2011: 47): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC246526FFF448296CC85F8A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2475269FF448483CA19FEF2.text	03B487FAC2475269FF448483CA19FEF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Prosimulium hirtipes (Fries 1824)	<div><p>Prosimulium hirtipes species group</p><p>Prosimulium albense Rivosecchi, 1961</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000a: 54): first record for Algeria. Lounaci et al. (2000b: 126–127, 133): occurrence, abundance. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143–144, 149–150): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41– 45): distribution.</p><p>Prosimulium latimucro (Enderlein, 1925) Cytoform ‘C’</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Bailly-Choumara &amp; Beaucournu-Saguez (1981: 53–54): record (as groupe latimucro species nova?). Beaucournu-Saguez &amp; Bailly-Choumara (1981: 119): record (as P. latimucro group). Belqat et al. (2011: 47): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details. Kúdela et al. (2017: 16): cytoform ‘C’ designation applied.</p><p>Comment: Prosimulium latimucro is a complex of at least three distinct entities (probably species), of which Moroccan populations characterized chromosomally by Adler &amp; Belqat (2001) represent cytoform ‘C’ (Kúdela et al. 2017).</p><p>Prosimulium rufipes (Meigen, 1830) (complex)</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000a: 54): first record for Algeria. Lounaci et al. (2000b: 126–127, 133): occurrence, abundance. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143–144, 149–150): occurrence, abundance, bionomics (incorrectly spelled as P. ruffoi: 150). Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 606, 608, 610, 612, 618–619, 634–635): dichotomous key, illustrations. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified (as P. cf. rufipes group).</p><p>Northwestern Tunisia: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–35): first record for North Africa (as P. rufipes group), abundance, distribution map, ecology at breeding site.</p><p>Comment: We suspect that records of P. rufipes or the P. rufipes “group” in Algeria and Tunisia refer to the P. rachiliense complex, or to a similar species, decribed chromosomally (as P. rufipes) by Adler &amp; Belqat (2001) from Morocco. Chromosomal evidence based on topotypical material suggests that true P. rufipes does not occur much beyond France, Germany, Italy, and Switzwerland (Adler &amp; Şirin 2014). Prosimulium rufipes, therefore, is unlikely to be found in North Africa. We tentatively use the name P. rufipes complex here and in Table 1 to indicate an undetermined species of Prosimulium in the P. hirtipes species group in Algeria and Tunisia. We note, however, that the material used by Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986) for illustration might be P. rufipes sensu stricto, although its provenance is unknown.</p><p>Prosimulium rachiliense Djafarov, 1954 (complex)</p><p>Morocco: Beaucournu-Saguez &amp; Bailly-Choumara (1981: 119): record (as P. rufipes - hirtipes group). Rif: Belqat et al. (2001a: 11): record (as P. rufipes). Adler &amp; Belqat (2001: 413–415, 417): polytene chromosomes described and compared with those of European species (as P. rufipes). Belqat &amp; Adler (2001: 124–126): distribution map, ecology (as P. rufipes). Belqat (2002: 113–118, 285–293): distribution map, photographs of specimens, cytotaxonomy (as P. rufipes). Belqat &amp; Dakki (2004: 93–109, 112–137): record, dichotomous key, photographs and illustrations (as P. rufipes). Belqat et al. (2005: 51, 54–55): pupal photograph, ecological affinities (as P. rufipes). Belqat et al. (2008: 62): record, new sites (as P. rufipes). Belqat et al. (2011: 47): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details (as P. rufipes).</p><p>Comment: Original reports of this taxon in Morocco appeared under the name P. rufipes . The chromosomes described by Adler &amp; Belqat (2001), however, indicate that populations in Morocco’s Rif Mountains are not P. rufipes, but instead a species closer to P. rachiliense (Adler &amp; Şirin 2014) .</p><p>Prosimulium tomosvaryi (Enderlein, 1921) Morocco: Beaucournu-Saguez &amp; Bailly-Choumara (1981: 119): record (as P. tomosvaryi group). Rif: Belqat et al. (2011: 47): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Comment: The chromosomes of larvae of P. tomosvaryi from Morocco are distinctly different from those of topotypical larvae and of other analyzed populations, suggesting a degree of isolation, perhaps enough to justify a separate species. Analyses of material from the Iberian Peninsula would be particularly informative in deciding the taxonomic status of Moroccan populations.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2475269FF448483CA19FEF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2405269FF448091CD21FA54.text	03B487FAC2405269FF448091CD21FA54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Greniera fabri Doby & David 1959	<div><p>Greniera fabri species group</p><p>Greniera fabri Doby &amp; David, 1959</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Middle Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 48): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): first record for Algeria, biogeography, ecology. Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2405269FF448091CD21FA54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2405269FF44852DCCA0FBDC.text	03B487FAC2405269FF44852DCCA0FBDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Urosimulium Contini 1963	<div><p>Genus UROSIMULIUM Contini, 1963</p><p>Urosimulium faurei (Bernard, Grenier &amp; Bailly-Choumara, 1972)</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Middle Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 47–48): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): first record for Algeria, biogeography, ecology, illustration of larval hypostoma. Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54, 56): listed but locality unspecified. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Seybouse Basin: Cherairia et al. (2014: 169–170): first record for northeastern Algeria, ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence. Cherairia (2015: 92–98, 186): diagnosis, ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence, distribution map, photographs of specimens. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 43–45): distribution.</p><p>Urosimulium juccii Contini, 1966 juncii: incorrect subsequent spelling</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–281): biogeography, ecology, illustration of larval hypostoma, identity uncertain (as P. (P.) gr. aculeatum).</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 606, 608, 610, 612, 620–621, 634–635): dichotomous key, illustrations. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54, 56): listed but locality unspecified. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 20): validity of identification questioned for Tunisia. Northwestern Tunisia: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–34, 35): first record for North Africa, abundance, distribution map, ecology at breeding site.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2405269FF44852DCCA0FBDC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2405268FF448253C906FE67.text	03B487FAC2405268FF448253C906FE67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Metacnephia Crosskey 1969	<div><p>Genus METACNEPHIA Crosskey, 1969</p><p>Metacnephia blanci (Grenier &amp; Theodorides, 1953)</p><p>? lesnei (Séguy, 1925) [France]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Central Plateau, Middle Atlas, High Atlas, Anti Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 48): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Crosskey &amp; Howard (1997: 16): listed but locality unspecified. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed but locality unspecified. Seybouse Basin: Cherairia et al. (2014: 169–170): ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence. Cherairia (2015: 99–105, 186): diagnosis, ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence, distribution map, photographs of specimens. Oued El Haï Basin: Arigue et al. (2016: 2842–2847): occurrence, abundance, physical characterization of habitat. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 606, 608, 610, 612, 618–619, 624–625, 632–633): dichotomous key, illustrations. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Medjerda Basin, Northwestern Tunisia: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–35): first record for Tunisia, abundance, distribution map, ecology at breeding sites.</p><p>Metacnephia nuragica Rivosecchi, Raastad &amp; Contini, 1975</p><p>Morocco: Coastal Méséta: Belqat et al. (2011: 48): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details, identity uncertain.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2405268FF448253C906FE67	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2415268FF44867CCA94FC4F.text	03B487FAC2415268FF44867CCA94FC4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Boophthora Enderlein 1921	<div><p>Subgenus BOOPHTHORA Enderlein, 1921</p><p>Simulium (Boophthora) erythrocephalum De Geer, 1776</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 605, 606, 609, 611, 613, 632–633), reported but with uncertainty, dichotomous key, illustration of male gonostylus. Jendouba Province: Bailly-Choumara et al. (1971: 380, 381): first record for North Africa but identity uncertain, brief description of breeding site.</p><p>Comment: Simulium erythrocephalum is a widespread species, although there is no compelling evidence to confirm its presence in North Africa. Its presence in Tunisia is evidently based on a single larva or pupa recorded by Bailly-Choumara et al. (1971). Although the illustration of the male gonostylus and the identification key by Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986) pertain to S. erythrocephalum, the source of the material that was used is not known, but probably was not of North African origin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2415268FF44867CCA94FC4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2415268FF448199CB18F984.text	03B487FAC2415268FF448199CB18F984.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Crosskeyellum Grenier & Bailly-Choumara 1970	<div><p>Subgenus CROSSKEYELLUM Grenier &amp; Bailly-Choumara, 1970</p><p>Simulium (Crosskeyellum) gracilipes Edwards, 1921</p><p>Morocco: Middle Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 49): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Séguy (1925: 30–31): listed but locality unspecified.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2415268FF448199CB18F984	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2415268FF448064C945FA9F.text	03B487FAC2415268FF448064C945FA9F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Byssodon) griseicolle Becker 1903	<div><p>Simulium (Byssodon) griseicolle species group</p><p>Simulium (Byssodon) griseicolle Becker, 1903</p><p>= scapulatum (Enderlein, 1935) [Egypt]</p><p>Egypt: Aswan: Becker (1903: 78–79): described as new species. Austen (1906: 52–53): repeat in English of Becker’s (1903) original German description. Enderlein (1935: 359): described as new species (female only) from Upper Egypt (as Psilocnetha scapulata). Crosskey (1967: 34–35): description, illustrations of male genitalia and pupal gill, speculation about location of type locality. Steyskal &amp; El-Bialy (1967: 44): listed but locality unspecified.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2415268FF448064C945FA9F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC241526AFF4482E3CD16F89F.text	03B487FAC241526AFF4482E3CD16F89F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eusimulium Roubaud 1906	<div><p>Subgenus EUSIMULIUM Roubaud, 1906</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 606, 608, 610, 612): dichotomous key (as S. aureum group). Medjerda Basin: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–35): first record for Tunisia, (as S. aureum group), distribution map, ecology at breeding sites.</p><p>Libya: Crosskey &amp; Ashford (1981: 650 footnote): adults discovered at a window in Gharina 90 km S of Tripoli (as S. (E.) aureum group).</p><p>Comment: The references above could not be assigned to a species or species complex within the subgenus Eusimulium .</p><p>Simulium (Eusimulium) angustipes Edwards, 1915</p><p>Morocco: Middle Atlas, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 49): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): first record for Algeria, biogeography, ecology. Eastern and Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 56): listed but locality unspecified. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Djurdjura Montains: Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): mistakenly listed as present (no record of this species exists for Djurdjura Mountains). Algiers, Batna, Biskra, and Bouïra Provinces: Edwards (1923: 650): recorded (as S. aureum). Batna, Biskra, and Bouïra Provinces: Parrot (1949: 273–274): recorded (as S. aureum). Algiers, Biskra Provinces: Belazzoug &amp; Tabet-Derraz (1980: 107): listed (as S. aureum). Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified.</p><p>Comment: We suspect that at least some of the records of S. angustipes in North Africa actually pertain to the S. velutinum complex. Chromosomal investigation is needed.</p><p>Simulium (Eusimulium) mellah Giudicelli &amp; Bouzidi, 2000 (in Giudicelli et al., 2000)</p><p>Morocco: Middle Atlas, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 49): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details. High Atlas: Adler et al. (2015: 276–277, 279–283, 286, 287): polytene chromosomes described.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Giudicelli et al. (2000: 63): first record for Algeria. Seybouse Basin: Cherairia et al. (2014: 169–121): ecology at breeding site, seasonal occurrence. Adler et al. (2015: 276–277, 279– 283, 286, 287): polytene chromosomes described. Cherairia (2015: 11 6–121, 167–168, 186): diagnosis, polytene chromosomes, ecology at breeding site, seasonal occurrence, distribution map, photographs of larvae. Tlemcen Mountains: Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 43–45): distribution.</p><p>Comment: Chromosomal analyses corroborate the morphological evidence of species status for S. mellah, and indicate that it is the sister species of the S. rubzovianum – S. velutinum complex (Adler et al. 2015).</p><p>Simulium (Eusimulium) petricolum (Rivosecchi, 1963)</p><p>= Cytospecies ‘J’ Leonhardt, 1985</p><p>[latizonum: misidentification, Bailly-Choumara &amp; Beaucournu-Saguez, 1978, 1981, not Rubtsov]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 49): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details. Adler et al. (2015: 279–281, 283, 287): polytene chromosomes described.</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000a: 54): first record for Algeria. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Libya: Crosskey &amp; Howard (1997: 32): listed but locality unspecified. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 42): inventoried.</p><p>Comment: Simulium petricolum is a widespread species in the Palearctic Region and, therefore, a good candidate for cryptic species. Some evidence for cryptic diversity is found in Morocco (Adler et al. 2015), but additional samples from North Africa are needed.</p><p>Simulium (Eusimulium) rubzovianum (Sherban, 1961)</p><p>= latinum (Rubtsov, 1962) [Italy]</p><p>= Cytospecies ‘I’ Dunbar, 1966 [in Davies]/Leonhardt, 1985</p><p>= Cytospecies ‘1’ Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui &amp; Belqat, 2015 [typical]</p><p>Cytoform ‘4’ Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui &amp; Belqat, 2015 [Morocco]</p><p>Morocco: Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 43): inventoried. Rif, High Atlas: Adler et al. (2015: 280–281, 283, 285 287, 288): polytene chromosomes described, cytoform ‘4’ recognized.</p><p>Algeria: Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 43): inventoried. Guelma and Souk Ahras Provinces: Adler et al. (2015: 279, 283, 284, 287): polytene chromosomes described.</p><p>Tunisia: Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 43): inventoried.</p><p>Libya: Crosskey (1988: 333): first record for Libya but locality unspecified (as S. velutinum). Crosskey &amp; Howard (1997: 33): listed but locality unspecified. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 43): inventoried.</p><p>Comment: Simulium rubzovianum was previously regarded as a synonym of S. velutinum until cytogenetic study demonstrated that it is a valid species and is present in Algeria (as cytospecies ‘1’, which is tentatively</p><p>considered conspecific with the type from Serbia) (Adler et al. 2015). A similar cytoform, of unknown taxonmic status, inhabits Morocco and is temporarily referred to as cytoform ‘4’ of S. rubzovianum (Adler et al. 2015) . Although the records of S. velutinum for Libya and Tunisia are not asignable to cytoform, they are included under S. rubzovianum, given the broad distribution of this species (Adler &amp; Crosskey 2018).</p><p>Simulium (Eusimulium) velutinum (Santos Abreu, 1922) (complex)</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Central Plateau, Middle Atlas, Haouz Plain, High Atlas, Anti Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 50): listed.</p><p>Algeria: Rivosecchi (1963: 209–210): first record from Algeria but locality unspecified (as S. latinum). Eastern and Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 56): listed but locality unspecified. Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000a: 54): recorded. Lounaci et al. (2000b: (126–127, 130, 133): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 141, 143, 149–150, 153): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): biogeography, ecology. Gagneur &amp; Chaoui Boudghane (1991: 81): abundance, relation with hyporheic environment. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306–307): new collecting localities. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1021): physical characterization of habitat, spatial distribution, microhabitat and microdistribution. Seybouse Basin: Cherairia (2015: 108–115, 167–176, 186): diagnosis, polytene chromosomes, distribution map, ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 23–25, 41– 45, 98–144): diagnosis, figures, distribution, biogeographic considerations, population structure.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 606, 608, 610, 612, 616–617, 618–619, 624–627, 630–635): dichotomous key, illustrations (as S. latinum). Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 283): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Bizert, Jendouba, and Nabeul Provinces: Bailly-Choumara et al. (1971: 379, 381): brief description of breeding sites (as S. latinum). Medjerda Basin, Northwestern and Eastern Tunisia, Ichkeul Lake Hydrosystem, Southern Watercourses: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–35): distribution map, ecology at breeding sites (as S. latinum).</p><p>Comment: The above references pertain to the S. velutinum complex, rather than to its individual species, which were not recognized before the cytogenetic study of Adler et al. (2015).</p><p>Simulium (Eusimulium) velutinum sensu stricto (Santos Abreu, 1922)</p><p>= Cytospecies ‘L’ Leonhardt, 1985</p><p>= Cytospecies ‘ 2’ Adler, Cherairia, Arigue, Samraoui &amp; Belqat, 2015 [typical]</p><p>Morocco: High Atlas: Adler et al. (2015: 279–280, 282–287): polytene chromosomes described.</p><p>Algeria: Seybouse Basin: Cherairia et al. (2014: 169–170): ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence. Batna, Biskra, Guelma, and Souk Ahras Provinces: Adler et al. (2015: 279–280, 282–287): polytene chromosomes mapped. Cherairia (2015: 106–116): distribution map, photographs of specimens. Oued El Haï Basin: Arigue et al. (2016: 2842–2847): occurrence, abundance, physical characterization of habitat.</p><p>Comment: Cytogenetic study shows that S. velutinum sensu lato is a species complex; S. velutinum sensu stricto (= cytospecies ‘2’) has a restricted distribution, so far known only from the Canary Islands (type locality) and North Africa (Adler et al. 2015).</p><p>Simulium (Eusimulium) velutinum (Santos Abreu, 1922) Cytospecies ‘3’</p><p>Algeria: Guelma and Souk Ahras Provinces: Adler et al. (2015: 280–283, 285–288): polytene chromosomes described, reproductive isolation demonstrated.</p><p>Comment: This cytoform is a distinct species requiring a formal name and description (Adler et al. 2015).</p><p>Simulium (Eusimulium) velutinum (Santos Abreu, 1922) Cytospecies ‘5’</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Adler et al. (2015: 281–284, 286–288): polytene chromosomes described, reproductive isolation demonstrated.</p><p>Comment: This cytoform is a distinct species requiring a formal name and description (Adler et al. 2015).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC241526AFF4482E3CD16F89F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24C5265FF448480CCE4FD4A.text	03B487FAC24C5265FF448480CCE4FD4A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Hellichiella) congareenarum (Dyar & Shannon 1927)	<div><p>Simulium (Hellichiella) congareenarum species group</p><p>Simulium (Hellichiella) latipes (Meigen, 1804)</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 605–606, 608, 610, 612, 618–619): dichotomous key, illustration of larval hypostoma (as S. yerburyi). Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 52): inventoried but legitimacy of record questioned. Jendouba Province: Bailly- Choumara et al. (1971: 379, 381): brief description of breeding site (as S. latipes and S. yerburyi).</p><p>Comment: We suspect that records of S. latipes (including S. yerburyi) for North Africa (Tunisia) are based on misidentifications of the S. vernum complex. All Tunisian references to S. latipes (or S. yerburui) probably trace to the specimens (two?) collected by Bailly-Choumara et al. (1971), which were almost certainly of the S. vernum complex. This was the rationale of Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018) for questioning the records. We note that the illustration and identification key provided by Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986) actually pertain to S. latipes (as S. yerburyi), although the provenance of the specimens used for illustration is not known.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24C5265FF448480CCE4FD4A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24C5264FF448760CA5EF8A2.text	03B487FAC24C5264FF448760CA5EF8A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Nevermannia) ruficorne Macquart 1838	<div><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) ruficorne species group</p><p>Bailly-Choumara &amp; Beaucournu-Saguez (1981: 53–54): records (as groupe ruficorne sp. A).</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) angustitarse (Lundström, 1911)</p><p>Morocco: Rif: Belqat et al. (2011: 50): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000b: 127, 133): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143, 149): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) ibleum (Rivosecchi, 1966)</p><p>? ‘B’ Bailly-Choumara &amp; Beaucournu-Saguez, 1978 ( Simulium sp.) [Morocco]</p><p>[ latipes: misidentification, Zavattari, 1930, 1934, not Meigen]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 50): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): first record for Algeria, biogeography, ecology. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54–55): listed but locality unspecified. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 607, 609–610, 612, 616–617, 620–621, 626–627, 634–635): dichotomous key, illustrations. Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 283): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 64): inventoried. Medjerda Basin, Northwestern Tunisia: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–34, 36): first record for Tunisia, distribution map, ecology at breeding sites.</p><p>Libya: Northern Cyrenaica: Crosskey &amp; Ashford (1981: 650): first record for Libya, previous taxonomic confusion by Zavattari (1930, 1934) clarified. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 64): inventoried.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) lundstromi (Enderlein, 1921)</p><p>= latigonium (Rubtsov, 1956) [Russia]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 50): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): mistakenly listed as present (no record of this species exists for Djurdjura Mountains). Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276-283): first record for North Africa, biogeography and ecology (as S. (N.) latigonium). Gagneur &amp; Chaoui-Boudghane (1991: 81): abundance, relation with hyporheic environment (as S. (N.) latigonium). Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306–307): listed. Giudicelli et al. (2000: 66): listed (as S. (N.) latigonium).</p><p>Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54, 56): listed but locality unspecified (as S. (N.) latigonium). Seybouse Basin: Cherairia et al. (2014: 169–171): first record for northeastern Algeria, ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence. Cherairia (2015: 122–126, 186): diagnosis, ecology at breeding sites, seasonality, distribution map, photographs of larvae. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) ruficorne Macquart, 1838</p><p>beckeri Roubaud, 1906 [Algeria]</p><p>[lineatum: misidentification, Bezzi, 1921 (part), not Meigen]</p><p>Morocco: Crosskey et al. (2002: 420): distribution map. Rif, Haouz Plain, High Atlas, Anti Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 51): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Séguy (1925: 37): listed but locality unspecified. Crosskey et al. (2002: 420): distribution map.</p><p>Biskra Area: Roubaud (1906: 519-520): described as new species (as S. beckeri). Edwards (1923: 650–551, 653): taxonomy, pupa illustrated (as S. beckeri). Parrot (1949: 274–274): recorded (as S. beckeri). Grenier (1953: 148): listed. Tassili n’Ajjer Mountains: Grenier &amp; Clastrier (1960: 329–330): recorded as Saharan simuliid, description of breeding sites. Belazzoug &amp; Tabet-Derraz (1980: 107): recorded (as S. beckeri). Hoggar Mountains: Clastrier &amp; Grenier (1961: 106, 107): descriptions of collecting habitats. Eastern Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed. Djurdjura Mountains: Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): mistakenly listed as present (no record of this species exists for Djurdjura Mountains). Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 151): bionomics. Tlemcen Mountains: Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306–307): first record for mountains. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1021): physical characterization of habitat, spatial distribution, microhabitat and microdistribution. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 23–26, 41–45, 98–144): diagnosis, figures, distribution, biogeographic considerations, population structure. Seybouse Basin: Cherairia et al. (2014: 169–171): morphoforms ‘A’ and ‘B’ briefly described (pupae), ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence. Cherairia (2015: 127–135, 186): diagnosis, ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence, distribution map, photographs of specimens. Oued El Haï Basin: Arigue et al. (2016: 2842–2847): occurrence, abundance, physical characterization of habitat.</p><p>Tunisia: Séguy (1925: 37): recorded as severe nuisance and biting pest (possibly a misidentification) (as S. beckeri). Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 607, 609–610, 612, 616–623, 636–637): dichotomous key, illustrations. Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 283): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Crosskey et al. (2002: 420): distribution map. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 64): inventoried. Southern Area: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–34, 36): first record for Tunisia, distribution, ecology at breeding sites.</p><p>Libya: Northern Cyrenaica: Crosskey &amp; Ashford (1981: 648, 650): first record for Libya, previous taxonomic confusion by Bezzi (1921) clarified. Crosskey et al. (2002: 420): distribution map. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 64): inventoried.</p><p>Egypt: Sinai Peninsula: Crosskey (1967: 4, 5, 23): recorded from Firran Oasis, pupal gill illustrated. Crosskey &amp; Büttiker (1982: 411, 420, 421): listed but locality unspecified, morphoforms ‘H’ and ‘J’ recognized to accommodate Egyptian pupal gill configurations. Crosskey et al. (2002: 420): distribution map. New Site (Fig. 1): Faiyum, protected area of the valley of Wadi El-Rayan, streamlet Wadi El-Rayan, 298′52″N 3023′33″E, 20 m below sea level, 9 April 2015, 25 larvae (10 fixed in 1:3 acetic ethanol) and 6 pupae.</p><p>Comment: The streamlet in Faiyum with S. ruficorne, which flowed downhill on a sandy substrate, was almost dry (Fig. 1). The wet section harbored larvae and pupae of S. ruficorne, mostly on stones. The water was warm (25°C) and alkaline (pH 8.14), with average salinity (1.6%), low conductivity (3.2 µS/cm), and submerged aquatic vegetation. Of 10 larvae fixed in 1:3 acetic ethanol, the chromosomes of two male larvae were analyzed. We found that the chromosomes were similar to those of larvae from the Canary Islands (Bedo 1989) and Algeria (Cherairia et al. 2014), despite the isolation of the Egyptian population and its distance from Algeria. Specifically, IIL-3, IIIL-1, and IIIL-2 were homozygous inverted, IIL-1 was heterozygous in both larvae, and the 83B band was thickened in one of four homologues.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24C5264FF448760CA5EF8A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24D5267FF4483C8CCA2F832.text	03B487FAC24D5267FF4483C8CCA2F832.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Nevermannia) vernum Macquart 1826	<div><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) vernum species group</p><p>Bailly-Choumara &amp; Beaucournu-Saguez (1978: 143–144): records [Morocco] Bailly-Choumara &amp; Beaucournu-Saguez (1981: 53–54): records (as “sp. A, “sp. nova B, and “sp. C) [Morocco] Beaucournu-Saguez &amp; Bailly-Choumara (1981: 119): record [Morocco]</p><p>[ latipes: misidentification, Grenier et al., 1957, not Meigen]</p><p>Comment: The above references cannot be assigned to particular species in the S. vernum group.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) brevidens (Rubtsov, 1956)</p><p>Morocco: High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 51): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000a: 54): first record for Algeria. Lounaci et al. (2000b: 126–127, 133): occurrence, abundance. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143–144, 146–147): occurrence, abundance, community structure in relation to environmental variables. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Comment: The North African identifications of S. brevidens separate from the S. cryophilum complex require confirmation.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) carthusiense Grenier &amp; Dorier, 1959</p><p>Morocco: Rif: Belqat et al. (2011: 51): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) costatum Friederichs, 1920</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Pré Rif, Middle Atlas, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 51): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): first record for Algeria, biogeography, ecology. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution. Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed (also for eastern Algeria but with uncertainty). Giudicelli et al. (2000: 65): listed but locality unspecified.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) cryophilum (Rubtsov, 1959) (complex)</p><p>[ pusillum: misidentification, Séguy, 1930 / Grenier, 1953, not Fries]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Grenier (1953: 159): listed from Ifni Lake (as S. pusillum). Belqat et al. (2011: 51– 52): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 277, 284): comparison with fauna in Tlemcen Mountains. Lounaci et al. (2000b: 131, 133): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143–144, 149, 153): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Eastern and Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified.</p><p>Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276): ecology, illustration of anterior margin of cocoon (as S. (Nevermannia) cf. cryophilum). Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 607, 609, 611, 613, 616–619, 624–627, 634–635): dichotomous key, illustrations. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Jendouba Province: Bailly-Choumara et al. (1971: 379, 381): brief description of breeding site. Medjerda Basin, Northwestern Tunisia: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–36): distribution map, ecology at breeding sites.</p><p>Comment: Our chromosomal data indicate differences between Moroccan and Algerian populations, indicating the presence of at least two cytoforms in North Africa, both of which are distinct from European populations.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) toubkal Bouzidi &amp; Giudicelli, 1986</p><p>Morocco: High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 52): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Simulium (Nevermannia) vernum Macquart, 1826 (complex)</p><p>[ latipes: misidentification, authors pre-1972, not Meigen]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 52): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed for eastern Algeria, with uncertainty, but locality unspecified.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 605, 607, 609, 611, 613, 624–625, 632–633): reported, dichotomous key, illustrations. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24D5267FF4483C8CCA2F832	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24F5266FF4484C5CD0BFE68.text	03B487FAC24F5266FF4484C5CD0BFE68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rubzovia Petrova 1983	<div><p>Subgenus RUBZOVIA Petrova, 1983</p><p>Simulium (Rubzovia) knidirii Giudicelli &amp; Thiery, 1985</p><p>Morocco: High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 53): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Simulium (Rubzovia) lamachi Doby &amp; David, 1960</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 53): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24F5266FF4484C5CD0BFE68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24F5266FF44867DCB42FB74.text	03B487FAC24F5266FF44867DCB42FB74.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Simulium) argenteostriatum Strobl 1898	<div><p>Simulium (Simulium) argenteostriatum species group</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) argenteostriatum Strobl, 1898</p><p>= rupicolum Séguy &amp; Dorier, 1936 [France]</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 277, 284): comparison with fauna in Tlemcen Mountains. Lounaci et al. (2000b: (127, 130, 133): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143–144, 149–150): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Eastern and Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54, 56): listed but locality unspecified. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 607, 608, 611, 613, 620–621, 624–627, 630–633, 636–637): dichotomous key, illustrations. Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 283): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54, 56): listed but locality unspecified. Northwestern Tunisia: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue- Gazeau (1986: 32–34, 37): first record for North Africa, distribution map, ecology at breeding sites.</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) hispaniola Grenier &amp; Bertrand, 1954</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000b: 127, 133): occurrence, abundance. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143): occurrence, abundance. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24F5266FF44867DCB42FB74	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24F5266FF4480B3CC87F912.text	03B487FAC24F5266FF4480B3CC87F912.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Simulium) bezzii (Corti 1914)	<div><p>Simulium (Simulium) bezzii species group</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) bezzii (Corti, 1914) (complex)</p><p>= atlas Séguy, 1930 [Morocco]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas, Middle Atlas, Anti Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 53): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Batna Province: Edwards (1923: 650): identified with hesitation, taxonomy (male, female). Parrot (1949: 273–274): recorded. Algiers and Biskra Provinces: Belazzoug &amp; Tabet-Derraz (1980: 107): listed.</p><p>Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000b: 127, 133): occurrence, abundance. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143): occurrence, abundance. Eastern and Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue- Gazeau (1988: 276–284): biogeography, ecology. Gagneur &amp; Chaoui-Boudghane (1991: 81): abundance, relation with hyporheic environment. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1021): physical characterization of habitat. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 27– 28, 41–45, 98–144): illustrations, distribution, biogeographic considerations, population structure.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24F5266FF4480B3CC87F912	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24F5260FF44830CCD32FE8B.text	03B487FAC24F5260FF44830CCD32FE8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Simulium) ornatum Meigen 1818	<div><p>Simulium (Simulium) ornatum species group</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) egregium Séguy, 1930</p><p>Morocco: High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 54): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) intermedium Roubaud, 1906</p><p>= nitidifrons Edwards, 1920 [England]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Pré Rif, Plain of Meknès, Middle Atlas, Central Plateau, Coastal Méséta, Haouz Plain, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 54): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Algiers Province: Edwards (1923: 649–650): recorded (as S. ornatum var. nitidifrons). Grenier (1953: 148): listed. Belazzoug &amp; Tabet-Derraz (1980: 107): listed. Bouïra Province Parrot (1949: 273–274): recorded (as S. ornatum var. nitidifrons). Grenier (1953: 159): listed. Biskra Province: Belazzoug &amp; Tabet-Derraz (1980: 107): listed. Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000a: 54): recorded. Lounaci et al. (2000b: (126–127, 130, 133): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 141, 143, 149–150, 153): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Eastern and Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue- Gazeau (1988: 276-283): biogeography, ecology. Gagneur &amp; Chaoui Boudghane (1991: 81): abundance, relation with with hyporheic environment. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1021): physical characterization of habitat, spatial distribution, microhabitat and microdistribution. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 29–30, 41–45, 98–144): illustrations, distribution, biogeographic considerations, population structure.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 607, 609, 611, 613, 616–619, 622–623, 630–637): dichotomous key, illustrations (as S. nitidifrons). Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 283): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Bizerte, Jendouba, and Nabel Provinces: Bailly-Choumara et al. (1971: 381): brief description of breeding sites (as S. nitidifrons). Medjerda Basin, Northwestern Tunisia: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–34, 36–37): distribution map, ecology at breeding sites (as S. nitidifrons).</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) ornatum Meigen, 1818 (complex)</p><p>= reptans var fasciatum: Séguy, 1930</p><p>[subornatum: misidentification, Séguy, 1925 / 1930, not Edwards]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Middle Atlas, High Atlas, Anti Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 54): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Séguy (1925: 31): listed but locality unspecified. Batna Depatment: Edwards (1923: 649): collecting locality. Bouïra Province: Edwards (1923: 649): collecting locality. Parrot (1949: 273–274): recorded. Algiers and Biskra Provinces: Belazzoug &amp; Tabet-Derraz (1980: 107): listed. Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000b: 126–127, 133): occurrence, abundance. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143, 149): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Eastern and Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue- Gazeau (1988: 276–283): biogeography, ecology. Gagneur &amp; Chaoui Boudghane (1991: 81): abundance, relation with hyporheic environment (as gr ornatum). Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306–307): new collecting locality, distribution map. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1022): physical characterization of habitat, spatial distribution, microhabitat and microdistribution. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 29–32, 41– 45, 98–144): diagnosis, figures, distribution, biogeographic considerations, population structure. Seybouse Basin: Cherairia et al. (2014: 169–172): ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence, chromosomal examination revealed that species is not S. ornatum sensu stricto . Cherairia (2015: 136–144, 186): diagnosis, ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence, distribution map, photographs of specimens. Oued El Haï Basin: Arigue et al. (2016: 2842–2847): occurrence, abundance in watercourses, physical characterization of habitat.</p><p>Tunisia: Séguy (1925: 31): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 607, 609, 611, 613, 616–617, 622–625, 632–637): dichotomous key, illustrations. Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 283): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Medjerda Basin, Northwestern Tunisia, Ichkeul Lake Hydrosystem: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–34, 36): distribution map, ecology at breeding sites.</p><p>Comment: Our unpublished chromosomal data for Algeria and Morocco indicate the presence of multiple cytoforms, but S. ornatum sensu stricto is not among them. The cytoforms in the S. ornatum complex in Algeria and Morocco are possibly undescribed species.</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) trifasciatum Curtis, 1839</p><p>Morocco: Rif: Belqat et al. (2011: 55): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306–307): first record for Algeria, ecological affinities, collecting localities. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1021): physical characterization of habitat, spatial distribution, microhabitat and microdistribution. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 31–33, 41–45, 98-144): distribution, illustrations, biogeographic considerations, population structure.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24F5260FF44830CCD32FE8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2495260FF4485C9C9F9FCFB.text	03B487FAC2495260FF4485C9C9F9FCFB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Simulium) reptans (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Simulium (Simulium) reptans species group</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276) listed but locality unspecified (as S. (S.) gr. reptans).</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 603, 605, 607, 609, 611, 613): reported but identity uncertain, dichotomous key. Tunis Province: Anderson &amp; Lehucher (1940: 105–112): implicated as vector in onchocerciasis involving young male human, identity almost certainly incorrect.</p><p>Comment: We list the S. reptans group here for the sake of completeness. The presence of any member of the S. reptans group in North Africa, however, is doubtful. The Tunisian record evidently traces to a pre-1940 identification of a female by Etienne Roubaud (Anderson &amp; Lehucher 1940, Bailly-Choumara et al. 1971), and the Algerian record (based on larvae) appears as a name in a faunistic list without supporting details (Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau 1988).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2495260FF4485C9C9F9FCFB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC2495263FF448735C960FE8A.text	03B487FAC2495263FF448735C960FE8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen 1818	<div><p>Simulium (Simulium) variegatum species group</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) atlasicum Giudicelli &amp; Bouzidi, 1989</p><p>Morocco: High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 55): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) berberum Giudicelli &amp; Bouzidi, 1989</p><p>Morocco: High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 55): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) monticola Friederichs, 1920</p><p>= dorieri Doby &amp; Rault, 1960 [Austria and France]</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 277, 284): comparison with fauna in Tlemcen Mountains. Lounaci et al. (2000b: 128, 133): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143, 146–147): occurrence, abundance, community structure with regard to environmental variables and spatial distribution. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 44–45): distribution.</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) variegatum Meigen, 1818</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 55): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Djurdjura Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 277, 284): comparison with fauna in Tlemcen Mountains. Lounaci et al. (2000b: 128, 133): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143, 149, 153): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Eastern Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41– 45): distribution.</p><p>Simulium (Simulium) xanthinum Edwards, 1933</p><p>= gaudi Grenier &amp; Faure, 1957 [Morocco]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Pré Rif, Middle Atlas, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 55): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): first record for Algeria, biogeography, ecology (as S. (S.) gaudi). Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 41–45): distribution. Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified (as S. (S.) gaudi).</p><p>Simulium ‘indet.’ Belqat, Adler &amp; Dakki, 2001a</p><p>= ‘sp.’ Belqat, Adler &amp; Crosskey, 2011 [Morocco]</p><p>Morocco: Rif: Belqat et al. (2011: 56): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Comment: We have considered this taxon an undescribed species, originally placed in the S. venustum group (Belqat et al. 2001a, 2011), but more probably a member of the S. variegatum group (Adler &amp; Crosskey 2018: footnote).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC2495263FF448735C960FE8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24A5263FF4485A0CCD9FB97.text	03B487FAC24A5263FF4485A0CCD9FB97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Trichodagmia) albellum Rubtsov 1947	<div><p>Simulium (Trichodagmia) albellum species group</p><p>Simulium (Trichodagmia) auricoma Meigen, 1818</p><p>Morocco: Rif: Belqat et al. (2011: 52): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Simulium (Trichodagmia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963</p><p>Morocco: Rif: Belqat et al. (2011: 52): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1022): first record for Algeria, physical characterization of habitat. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 34–35, 41–45, 98–144): figures, distribution.</p><p>Simulium (Trichodagmia) marocanum Bouzidi &amp; Giudicelli, 1988 [1987]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 52): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Giudicelli et al. (2000: 63, 67): listed as collected from unspecified locality by J. Gagneur and J. Giudicelli (p. 63), but later listed as found by Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988) in Western Algeria (p. 67).</p><p>Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): first record for Algeria, biogeography, ecology. Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 43–45): distribution.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24A5263FF4485A0CCD9FB97	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
03B487FAC24A5262FF44814CCBDDF819.text	03B487FAC24A5262FF44814CCBDDF819.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Simulium (Wilhelmia) equinum (Linnaeus 1758)	<div><p>Simulium (Wilhelmia) equinum species group</p><p>Simulium (Wilhelmia) equinum (L., 1758)</p><p>Morocco: Middle Atlas, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 56): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Simulium (Wilhelmia) pseudequinum Séguy, 1921</p><p>= mediterraneum Puri, 1925 [Algeria]</p><p>= barbaricum Séguy, 1930 [Morocco]</p><p>[lineatum: misidentification, Bezzi, 1921 (part), not Meigen]</p><p>[damnosum: misidentification, Tedeschi, 1930, not Theobald]</p><p>[ equinum: misidentification, Zavatarri, 1930, 1934, not Linnaeus]</p><p>[ equinum: misidentification, Parrot, 1949, not Linnaeus]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Pré Rif, Plain of Meknès, Middle Atlas, Central Plateau, Coastal Méséta, High Atlas, Anti Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 56): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Algiers, Batna, Biskra, Bouïra, and Constantine Provinces: Edwards (1923: 651–653): description and illustration of pupal gill and male genitalia (as S. equinum Mediterranean form). Puri (1925: 253– 255): description of S. mediterraneum (as a variety of S. equinum), illustration of pupal gill. Parrot (1949: 273– 275): female oviposition described, hosts of blood-feeding females (as S. equinum). Grenier (1953: 148): listed (as S. equinum var. mediterraneum). Algiers and Biskra Provinces: Belazzoug &amp; Tabet-Derraz (1980: 107): listed. Eastern and Western Algeria: Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000a: 54): recorded. Lounaci et al. (2000b: 126–127, 130, 133): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 141, 143, 149–150, 153): occurrence, abundance, bionomics. Mascara Province: Parrot (1949: 274): recorded.</p><p>Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): biogeography, ecology. Chaoui Boudghane- Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306–307): collecting localities, distribution map. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1021): physical characterization of habitat, spatial distribution, microhabitat and microdistribution. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 36–37, 41–45, 98–144): diagnosis, figures, distribution, biogeographic considerations, population structure. Seybouse Basin: Cherairia et al. (2014: 169–172): ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence. Cherairia (2015: 145–154, 186): diagnosis, ecology at breeding sites, seasonal occurrence, distribution map, photographs of specimens. Oued El Haï Basin: Arigue et al. (2016: 2842–2847): occurrence, abundance, physical characterization of habitat.</p><p>Tunisia: Puri (1925: 253–255): description of S. mediterraneum (as variety of S. equinum), illustration of pupal gill. Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 607, 608, 611, 613, 618–621, 624–627, 630–633): dichotomous key, illustrations. Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 283): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue- Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Tunis Province, Tozeur Oasis: Grenier (1953: 148): reported (as S. equinum Mediterranean form). Bizert, Jendouba, Nabel, and Tunis Provinces: Bailly-Choumara et al. (1971: 380–881): brief description of breeding sites (as S. mediterraneum). Medjerda Basin, Northwestern and Eastern Tunisia, Ichkeul Lake Hydrosystem, Southern Watercourses: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–34, 37): distribution map, ecology at breeding sites.</p><p>Libya: Northern Cyrenaica: Crosskey &amp; Ashford (1981: 648–651): first record for Libya, previous taxonomic confusion by Bezzi (1921), Tedeschi (1930), Zavatarri (1930, 1934), and Parrot (1949) clarified. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 116): inventoried.</p><p>Comment: Simulium pseudequinum has adapted well to disturbed watercourses, and is one of the most abundant and widespread black flies in the Mediterranean Basin. It is a strong candidate for cryptic diversity and in this regard would be an excellent subject for chromosomal and molecular investigation.</p><p>Simulium (Wilhelmia) quadrifila Grenier, Faure &amp; Laurent, 1957</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Pré Rif, Plain of Meknès, Middle Atlas, Coastal Méséta, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 56–57): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Tlemcen Mountains: Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306–307): first record for Algeria, ecological affinities, collecting localities. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1022): recorded, physical characterization of habitat. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 37–39, 43–45, 98–144): diagnosis, figures, distribution, biogeographic considerations, population structure.</p><p>Simulium (Wilhelmia) sergenti Edwards, 1923</p><p>= ariasi Séguy, 1925 [Spain]</p><p>Morocco: Rif, Pré Rif, Middle Atlas, Central Plateau, Coastal Méséta, High Atlas: Belqat et al. (2011: 56): inventoried with faunistic and bibliographical details.</p><p>Algeria: Séguy (1925: 42): listed, illustrations of male genitalia and pupa. Grenier (1953: 152): listed. Batna and Biskra Provinces: Edwards (1923: 647, 652–653): described as new species, compared with S. pseudequinum ( equinum), male genitalia illustrated. Parrot (1949: 273–274): recorded. Algiers and Biskra Provinces: Belazzoug &amp; Tabet-Derraz (1980: 107): listed. Djurdjura Mountains: Lounaci et al. (2000b: 127, 133): occurrence, abundance. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306): listed. Haouchine &amp; Lounaci (2012: 143): occurrence, abundance. Tlemcen Mountains: Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 276–283): biogeography, ecology. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2012: 306–307): collecting locality. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis et al. (2014: 1017–1021): physical characterization of habitat. Chaoui Boudghane-Bendiouis (2016: 39–40, 41–45, 98–144): diagnosis, figures, distribution, biogeographic considerations, population structure.</p><p>Tunisia: Clergue-Gazeau &amp; Boumaiza (1986: 604–605, 607, 608, 611, 613, 618–621, 624–627, 632–633): recorded, dichotomous key, illustrations. Gagneur &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1988: 283): listed but locality unspecified. Clergue-Gazeau et al. (1991: 54): listed but locality unspecified. Adler &amp; Crosskey (2018: 116): inventoried. Northwestern Tunisia, Ichkeul Lake Hydrosystem: Boumaiza &amp; Clergue-Gazeau (1986: 32–34, 37): first record for Tunisia, collecting sites, distribution map, ecology at breeding sites.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B487FAC24A5262FF44814CCBDDF819	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Belqat, Boutaïna;Adler, Peter H.;Cherairia, Mouna;Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui	Belqat, Boutaïna, Adler, Peter H., Cherairia, Mouna, Boudghane-Bendiouis, Chafika Chaoui (2018): Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa. Zootaxa 4442 (2): 201-220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1
