identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B4785DFFE15F5FE3DBDE82FC10FE7B.text	03B4785DFFE15F5FE3DBDE82FC10FE7B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma argus O. V. Morozova, E. S. Popov, A. V. Alexandrova & Noordeloos 2022	<div><p>Entoloma argus O.V. Morozova, E.S. Popov, A.V. Alexandrova &amp; Noordeloos, sp. nov. (Figs. 3, 4)</p><p>Mycobank: MB 843250</p><p>Type:— VIETNAM. Gia Lai Province, K’Bang District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.54161&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.50552" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.54161/lat 14.50552)">Son Lang Commune</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.54161&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.50552" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.54161/lat 14.50552)">Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve</a>, N 14.505520°, E 108.541610°, 1050 m a.s.l., on soil in middle-mountain evergreen mixed forest with a predominance of Podocarpaceae ( Dacrydium elatum , Dacrycarpus imbricatus ), Magnoliaceae, Burseraceae (Canarium) , Myrtaceae (Syzygium) , 26 May 2016, O.V. Morozova (holotype: LE F-312694 (!), isotype in VRTC (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM987263, LSU sequence GenBank OM996175).</p><p>Etymology:—Ἄργος (Greek), Argus (Lat.) a character from ancient Greek mythology. Argos was a one hundred-eyed giant who paid a service to the goddess Hera. Zeus killed the giant, but Hera remembered the giant by placing his one hundred eyes on the tail of the peacock. His name is used in various combinations in the generic and species names of butterflies of the Lycaenidae (Cupidinidae) family. The new Entoloma species is named after the butterfly Plebejus argus, due to the similarity of color.</p><p>Diagnosis:— Entoloma argus is characterized by the delicate greyish blue basidiomata with the distinctly translucently striate pileus covered by small dark blue squamules on a paler greyish blue background with contrasting dark blue centre, and the smooth, polished stipe concolorous with pileus. Microscopically, the sterile lamella edge of cylindrical to narrowly clavate colorless cystidia, and rather small 5–6 angled spores are characteristic.</p><p>Description:— Basidiomata small to medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 15‒25 mm diam., hemispherical to convex soon expanding to plano-convex with flat to slightly depressed centre, with deflexed then straight margin, hygrophanous, translucently striate almost up to the centre, greyish blue (21C–D4–7), covered with dark blue squamules, glabrescent with age and discoloring to greyish beige, with dark blue (21F6–8) fibrillose center. Lamellae moderately distant, adnate-emarginate, ventricose, white, becoming pinkish, with entire edge concolorous with faces. Stipe 30–60 × 1–1.5 mm, cylindrical, smooth, polished, greyish blue, concolorous with pileus (21C–D4–7), with white tomentum at base. Context white, greyish under the surface. Smell indistinct, taste not reported.</p><p>Basidiospores (8.5–)9.5–10(–11.4) × (6.0–)6.5–7(–7.5) μm, Q = (1.3–)1.45–1.5(–1.6), heterodiametrical, with 5–6 angles in side-view. Basidia 24–34 × 8.5–11.5 μm, 1–2-spored or 4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate, clampless. Cheilocystidia 33–53 × 7.5–14 μm, cylindrical to narrowly clavate, sometimes septate, not pigmented, forming a sterile lamellae edge. Pileipellis a cutis of cylindrical hyphae 2–7 μm diam with trichodermal bundles of ascending hyphae with cylindrical to narrowly clavate terminal elements (46–86 × 14–20 μm) forming the macroscopic squamules and central disk of pileus. Clamp connections absent.</p><p>Habitat and distribution:—In small groups in middle-mountain evergreen mixed forests. Known from Vietnam.</p><p>Additional specimens examined:— VIETNAM. Gia Lai Province, K’Bang District, Son Lang Commune, Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve, on soil in middle-mountain evergreen mixed forest with a predominance of Podocarpaceae ( Dacrydium elatum, Dacrycarpus imbricatus), Magnoliaceae, Burseraceae (Canarium), Myrtaceae (Syzygium), path to the waterfall, N 14.51361°, E 108.54621°, 1007 m a.s.l., 25 May 2016, A. Alexandrova (LE F-315916 (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM 987264); ibid., N 14.505520°, E 108.541610°, 1050 m a.s.l., 28 May 2016, I. Semenyuk and E. Popov (LE F-312695 (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM 987262); ibid., on the river bank, 28 May 2016, O. V. Morozova (LE F-315915 (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM 987265).</p><p>Notes:— Entoloma argus is distinguished from the macromorphologically similar E. ekaterinae O.V. Morozova, Noordel., K. Nara, Dima &amp; Brandrud, in Crous et al. (2019: 413) from the Russian Far East by the more applanate pileus, different pileipellis structure and shape of the cheilocystidia (cylindrical vs. broadly clavate and subglobose). E. subcaesiellum Noordeloos &amp; O.V. Morozova (2010: 243) also described from the Russian Far East possesses a less squamulose pileus with blue squamules on a greyish beige background and microscopically lacks a distinct trichoderm at pileal center. The European E. phaeodiscum Vila &amp; F. Caballero (2007: 41) differs by the absence of cheilocystidia, less pronounced, fading blue coloration, and geographical distribution.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B4785DFFE15F5FE3DBDE82FC10FE7B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Morozova, Olga;Popov, Eugene;Alexandrova, Alina;Pham, Thi Ha Giang;Noordeloos, Machiel Evert	Morozova, Olga, Popov, Eugene, Alexandrova, Alina, Pham, Thi Ha Giang, Noordeloos, Machiel Evert (2022): Four new species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae, Agaricomycetes) subgenera Cyanula and Claudopus from Vietnam and their phylogenetic position. Phytotaxa 549 (1): 1-21, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.1
03B4785DFFEF5F5AE3DBDE6DFBE9FEA3.text	03B4785DFFEF5F5AE3DBDE6DFBE9FEA3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma arion O. V. Morozova, E. S. Popov, T. H. G. Pham & Noordeloos 2022	<div><p>Entoloma arion O.V. Morozova, E.S. Popov, T.H.G. Pham &amp; Noordeloos, sp. nov. (Figs. 5, 6)</p><p>Mycobank: MB 843251</p><p>Type:— VIETNAM. Gia Lai Province, K’Bang District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.57101&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.487996" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.57101/lat 14.487996)">Son Lang Commune</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.57101&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.487996" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.57101/lat 14.487996)">Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve</a>, N 14.487996°, E 108.57101°, 960 m a.s.l., on soil along a track in middle-mountain evergreen mixed forest with a predominance of Podocarpaceae ( Dacrydium elatum , Dacrycarpus imbricatus ), Magnoliaceae, Burseraceae (Canarium) , Myrtaceae (Syzygium) , 29 May 2016, O.V. Morozova and E.S. Popov (holotype: LE F-312691 (!), isotype in VRTC (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM987259, LSU sequence GenBank OM996176).</p><p>Etymology:—Ἀρίων (Greek), Aríon (Lat.) a Greek poet, singer and musician who played the cithara (7–6th centuries BC). According to legend, Arion sailed with rich treasures on a ship to Corinth. The sailors, wanting to take possession of the singer’s wealth, threw him overboard, but Arion was rescued by a dolphin and safely reached Corinth. A butterfly Phengaris arion of the Lycaenidae (Cupidinidae) family with a blue upper and a light under surface of the wings was named after him. Our new species is similar to it in colors.</p><p>Diagnosis:— Entoloma arion is characterized by the bright blue, radially fibrillose pileus with rather dark blue central spot and scales at first densely covering whole surface, moving apart with pileus expansion, showing a whitish or light blue background, and a white stipe that is minutely innately fibrillose and pruinose at the apex. Microscopically, cylindrical to broadly clavate septate cheilocystidia and caulocystidia in the form of bundles of long hairs are distinctive.</p><p>Description:— Basidiomata small to medium-sized, collybioid. Pileus 10‒25 mm diam., hemisphaerical, convex, soon expanding to plano-convex with flat to slightly depressed centre, with deflexed then straight margin, non hygrophanous, non translucently striate, radially fibrillose, at first entirely densely covered with dark blue to blackish blue squamules (20E–F6–8), moving apart with pileus expansion showing whitish or light blue (20B–C4–6) background, with fibrillose, contrasting blackish blue centre. Lamellae moderately distant, broadly adnate, slightly emarginate with a small tooth, segmentiform to arcuate, white, or pale bluish in young basidiomata, becoming pinkish, with irregular concolorous edge. Stipe 30–70 × 1.5–2 mm, cylindrical, minutely innately fibrillose, pruinose in upper part, translucent, white or pale bluish in young basidiomata. Context white. Smell indistinct, taste not reported.</p><p>Basidiospores (9.5–)10.5–12(–13) × (6.5–)7–7.5(–8.5) μm, Q = (1.3–)1.5(–1.7), heterodiametrical, with 5–6 angles in side-view. Basidia 23–30 × 9–12 μm, 1–2-or 4-spored, narrowly clavate to clavate, clampless. Cheilocystidia 27–78 × 7–18 μm, cylindrical or narrowly to broadly clavate, often septate, not pigmented, forming a sterile lamellar edge or intermixed with basidia. Pileipellis a cutis with transition to a trichoderm, composed of repent cylindrical hyphae 4–8 μm diam with narrowly clavate to fusoid ascending terminal elements 70–210 × 15–25 μm, a trichoderm at center. Caulocystidia in the form of bundles of hairs up to 200 μm long composed of chains of cylindrical cells 23–44 × 5–10 μm. Clamp connections absent.</p><p>Habitat and distribution:—In small groups in the middle-mountain evergreen mixed forests. Known only from Vietnam.</p><p>Additional specimens examined:— VIETNAM. Gia Lai Province, K’Bang District, Son Lang Commune, Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve, N 14.49776°, E 108.556993°, 975 m a.s.l., on soil along a track in middle-mountain evergreen mixed forest with a predominance of Podocarpaceae ( Dacrydium elatum, Dacrycarpus imbricatus), Magnoliaceae, Burseraceae (Canarium), Myrtaceae (Syzygium), 28 May 2016, O.V. Morozova and E.S. Popov (LE F-312692 (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM987260; LE F-315917 (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM987261).</p><p>Notes:— Entoloma arion can be easily recognized by the bright blue pileus and contrasting white stipe, a very rare combination in subgenus Cyanula . Entoloma floccosodentatum Corner &amp; E. Horak, in Horak (1980: 288) from New Caledonia is superficially similar in colors, spore size and cystidia form, but its pileus is pale blue and smooth, or only innately fibrillose, or tomentose. The presence of clamps on the hyphae indicates that Entoloma floccosodentatum does not belong to the subgenus Cyanula . Geographically it is also very distant and isolated.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B4785DFFEF5F5AE3DBDE6DFBE9FEA3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Morozova, Olga;Popov, Eugene;Alexandrova, Alina;Pham, Thi Ha Giang;Noordeloos, Machiel Evert	Morozova, Olga, Popov, Eugene, Alexandrova, Alina, Pham, Thi Ha Giang, Noordeloos, Machiel Evert (2022): Four new species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae, Agaricomycetes) subgenera Cyanula and Claudopus from Vietnam and their phylogenetic position. Phytotaxa 549 (1): 1-21, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.1
03B4785DFFEA5F58E3DBDB74FEA6FE17.text	03B4785DFFEA5F58E3DBDB74FEA6FE17.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma (Fries 1838) P. Kummer 1871	<div><p>Entoloma iсarus O.V. Morozova, E.S. Popov &amp; Noordeloos, sp. nov. (Figs. 7, 8)</p><p>Mycobank: MB 843252</p><p>Type:— VIETNAM. Gia Lai Province, K’Bang District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.54161&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.50552" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.54161/lat 14.50552)">Son Lang Commune</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=108.54161&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.50552" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 108.54161/lat 14.50552)">Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve</a>, near the camp, N 14.505520°, E 108.541610°, 1050 m a.s.l., on decaying wood in middle-mountain evergreen mixed forest with a predominance of Podocarpaceae ( Dacrydium elatum , Dacrycarpus imbricatus), Magnoliaceae, Burseraceae (Canarium), Myrtaceae (Syzygium), 26 May 2016, E. Popov (holotype: LE F-312696 (!), isotype in VRTC (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM987257, LSU sequence GenBank OM996174).</p><p>Etymology:—Ἴκαρος (Greek), Îcărus (Lat.) in Greek mythology, was the son of the master Daedalus, the creator of the Labyrinth. Icarus and Daedalus attempted to escape from Crete by means of wings that Daedalus had constructed from feathers and wax. Icarus ignored his father’s instructions not to fly too close to the sun, and the wax in his wings melted. He fell out of the sky into the sea and drowned. The butterfly Polyommatus icarus was named after him. The new Entoloma species is named after this butterfly, due to the similarity of color.</p><p>Diagnosis:— Entoloma icarus is characterized by the eccentrically stipitate to pleurotoid basidiomata with a minutely squamulose blue pileus and whitish or blue-tinged short stipe, the initially uniformly colored pileus, which becomes distinctly translucently striate with small blue squamules on a paler greyish beige background with age. Microscopically, the rather large spores and sterile lamellar edge composed of cylindrical to narrowly clavate cystidia are characteristic.</p><p>Description: Basidiomata small to medium-sized, pleurotoid or with eccentric stipe. Pileus 10‒25 mm diam., hemisphaerical to convex soon expanding to plano-convex with flat to slightly depressed centre, eccentric, with deflexed then straight margin, hygrophanous, translucently striate to half the radius, becoming sulcate with age, firstly radially fibrillose, greyish blue to dull or deep blue (21D–F5‒7), then covered with dark blue squamules on a bluish or brownish grey background (20C–D2‒3, 6C–D2‒3), more dense at first becoming sparse, discoloring to brownish grey with bluish pileus margin. Lamellae moderately distant, adnate-emarginate, ventricose, whitish with or without bluish tinge, becoming pinkish, with entire blue edge. Stipe 5–10 × 1–1.5 mm, lateral, cylindrical, slightly innately fibrillose, pubescent, whitish or bluish, with white tomentum at base. Context greyish. Smell indistinct, taste not reported.</p><p>Basidiospores (10–)11.8–12(–13.3) × (7.2–)8(–9) μm, Q = (1.4–)1.5(–1.6), heterodiametrical, with 5–7 rather sharp angles in side-view. Basidia 24–30 × 9–10.5 μm, 2–4-spored, narrowly clavate, clampless. Cheilocystidia 33–53 × 7.5–14 μm, cylindrical to narrowly clavate, sometimes septate, non pigmented, forming a sterile lamellar edge. Pileipellis a cutis of cylindrical hyphae 2–7 μm diam with ascending cylindrical to narrowly clavate terminal elements (45–90 × 10–17 μm), that macroscopically form the squamules. Clamp connections absent.</p><p>Habitat and distribution:—In small groups on wood in the middle-mountain evergreen mixed forests. Known only from Vietnam.</p><p>Additional specimens examined:— VIETNAM. Gia Lai Province, K’Bang District, Son Lang Commune, Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve, near the camp, N 14.505520°, E 108.541610°, 1050 m a.s.l., on decaying wood in middle-mountain evergreen mixed forest with a predominance of Podocarpaceae ( Dacrydium elatum, Dacrycarpus imbricatus), Magnoliaceae, Burseraceae (Canarium), Myrtaceae (Syzygium), 26 May 2016, E. Popov (LE F-312697 (!), ITS sequence GenBank OM987258).</p><p>Notes:— Entoloma nubilum Manim., Leelav. &amp; Noordel. described from India differs by the non hygrophanous, non translucent-striate pileus, smaller spores and absence of cheilocystidia (Manimohan et al. 2002). Entoloma cyanomelaenum known only from the type locality in Sumatra possesses smaller spores (9–11 × 5.5–6.5 μm), lacks cystidia and the pileus turns red in KOH (Boedijn 1929; Horak 1980). Entoloma gainsvillae Morgan-Jones (1971: 1052) (= E. cyaneum (Murrill 1943: 429) Hesler (1967: 13) [non E. cyaneum (Peck 1873: 49) Saccardo (1887: 688)]) from Florida differs by smaller spores (8–10 × 6–7 μm) and lack of cheilocystidia (Murrill 1943; Hesler 1967; Morgan-Jones 1971).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B4785DFFEA5F58E3DBDB74FEA6FE17	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Morozova, Olga;Popov, Eugene;Alexandrova, Alina;Pham, Thi Ha Giang;Noordeloos, Machiel Evert	Morozova, Olga, Popov, Eugene, Alexandrova, Alina, Pham, Thi Ha Giang, Noordeloos, Machiel Evert (2022): Four new species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae, Agaricomycetes) subgenera Cyanula and Claudopus from Vietnam and their phylogenetic position. Phytotaxa 549 (1): 1-21, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.1
03B4785DFFE85F59E3DBD84CFC42FA83.text	03B4785DFFE85F59E3DBD84CFC42FA83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma daphnis O. V. Morozova, Kovalenko, E. S. Popov & Noordeloos 2022	<div><p>Entoloma daphnis O.V. Morozova, Kovalenko, E.S. Popov &amp; Noordeloos, sp. nov. (Figs. 9, 10)</p><p>Mycobank: MB 843253</p><p>Type:— VIETNAM. Dong Nai Prov., Tan Phu Dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.42639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.426667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.42639/lat 11.426667)">Cat Tien National Park</a>, “ Lagerstroemia trail” near the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=107.42639&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.426667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 107.42639/lat 11.426667)">Park’s Headquarters</a>, N 11.426667°, E 107.426389°, 125 m a.s.l., on fallen log in lowland semi-deciduous tropical forest, 14 June 2010, A. Kovalenko (holotype: LE F-262915 (!), as Entoloma nubilum in Morozova et al. 2012, ITS sequence GenBank OM987266, LSU sequence GenBank OM996177) .</p><p>Etymology:—Δάφνις, from δάφνη–laurel (Greek), in Greek mythology, a beautiful young shepherd in Sicily and inventor of pastoral songs, the son of Hermes (Mercury). The butterfly Polyommatus daphnis was named after him. The new Entoloma species is named after this butterfly, due to the similar color.</p><p>Diagnosis:— Entoloma daphnis is characterized by small pleurotoid basidiomata, small spores with up to the 8 angles, a trichodermal pileipellis (pileus is densely covered by dark blue fibrils) and lack of cheilocystidia.</p><p>Description:— Basidiomata small, pleurotoid. Pileus 3–7 mm diam., cupulate then reniform with incurved then lobate margin, non hygrophanous, slightly translucently striate, tomentose to finely squamulose, deep blue to dark blue (20D8, 20E7–8). Lamellae moderately distant intermixed with lamellulae, adnate or slightly emarginate, whitish to bluish near the pileal margin then pinkish with concolorous entire edge. Stipe 3–4 × 0.5–1 mm, reduced, eccentric or lateral, curved, pruinose to tomentose, concolorous with the pileus or slightly paler (20D7), with white arachnoid mycelial strands at the base attached to the substratum. Context thin, bluish, under the surface dark blue. Odor indistinct, taste not reported.</p><p>Basidiospores (7–)8.3(–9) × (5.5–)5.7(–6) μm, Q = (1.3–)1.45(–1.6), heterodiametrical, with 6–8 angles in sideview. Basidia 23–31 × 9–12 μm, clavate, clampless. Lamellae edge fertile. Cheilocystidia and pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis a trichoderm of long hairs, composed of chains of cylindrical cells narrower at the apical part (27–62 × 5.5–6.5 μm), broader at the base (27–62 × 5.5–6.5 μm) with dark blue intracellular pigment. Clamp connections, oleiferous hyphae and brilliant granules absent.</p><p>Notes:— Entoloma cyanomelaenum possesses larger (9–11 × 5.5–6.5 μm) spores and its pileus turns red in KOH (Boedijn 1929; Horak 1980); E. gainsvillae has slightly larger spores (8–10 × 6–7 μm) and a smooth pileus (Murrill 1943; Hesler 1967); E. nubilum differs from E. daphnis by differently-shaped (5–7 angled) spores, a cutis-type pileipellis, and habitat on decaying leaves or on humus (Manimohan et al. 2002); E. icarus possesses larger (10–13 × 7–9 μm) differently-shaped (with 5–7 sharp angles) spores and cheilocystidia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B4785DFFE85F59E3DBD84CFC42FA83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Morozova, Olga;Popov, Eugene;Alexandrova, Alina;Pham, Thi Ha Giang;Noordeloos, Machiel Evert	Morozova, Olga, Popov, Eugene, Alexandrova, Alina, Pham, Thi Ha Giang, Noordeloos, Machiel Evert (2022): Four new species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae, Agaricomycetes) subgenera Cyanula and Claudopus from Vietnam and their phylogenetic position. Phytotaxa 549 (1): 1-21, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.549.1.1
