identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03B587A87674FF9EFF5A17E9B1CCFECD.text	03B587A87674FF9EFF5A17E9B1CCFECD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pileus Desor 1857	<div><p>- Pileus 5–8 mm diam, orangish brown to yellowish brown or pink; basidiospores 14.5–17 × 6.5–8 μm, lacrimoid or clavate-fusoid; pleurocystidia present........................................................................................................................................ 18. M. cecropiformis</p> <p>19. Pileipellis composed of smooth, broadly clavate, non-setulose cells (sect. Globulares).................................................................20 - Pileipellis composed of Siccus - type broom cells (sect. Sicci)..........................................................................................................21</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87674FF9EFF5A17E9B1CCFECD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87674FF9EFF5A13E5B1CDFAD0.text	03B587A87674FF9EFF5A13E5B1CDFAD0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pileus Desor 1857	<div><p>- Pileus 4–5 mm diam, reddish orange to orange; stipe 25–30 mm long; basidiospore mean 16.4 × 3.5 μm.............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28. M. bambusiniformis</p> <p>29. Basidiospores 12–22 μm long, with mean length 13.4–21 μm........................................................................................................30 - Basidiospores 8–12.8 μm long, with mean length 10–12 μm..........................................................................................................33</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87674FF9EFF5A13E5B1CDFAD0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87674FF9EFF5A1109B1CDF994.text	03B587A87674FF9EFF5A1109B1CDF994.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pileus Desor 1857	<div><p>- Pileus 3–5 mm diam, brown to reddish brown; basidiospores 13.5–16 × 3.5–5 μm; pleurocystidia 30–50 × 8–14 μm, clavate to subfusoid, sometimes rostrate; pileipellis cells with up to 40 projections up 10 μm long..................................... 32. M. eyssartieri</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87674FF9EFF5A1109B1CDF994	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87677FF9CFF5A1560B16FFD1C.text	03B587A87677FF9CFF5A1560B16FFD1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius rotalis Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.	<div><p>1. Marasmius rotalis Berk. &amp; Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 40. 1873 (1875). (Fig. 2, Plate 1)</p> <p>Type:— SRI LANKA. Peradeniya, Thwaites 810 (K!)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 1–5 mm diam, campanulate to umbilicate, shallowly depressed; margin plicate to sulcate, crenate; surface dry, glabrous; white to buff or pale gray (5 B 2–3). Context thin, concolorous. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, distant (8–11), no lamellulae, non-intervenose, broad (0.5–0.8 mm), white, non-marginate. Stipe 8–54 × 0.2 mm, central, cylindrical, hollow, wiry, insititious; surface glabrous; dark brown to black overall. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (6.4–) 7.2–10.4 (–11.2) × 3.2–4.8 (–5) μm [x mr = 8.4–8.9 × 3.7–4.2 μm; x mm = 8.7 ± 0.3 × 4.0 ± 0.3 μm; Q = 1.5–3.3; Q mr = 2.09–2.28; Q mm = 2.19 ± 0.1, n = 24–25, s = 3], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 13.6–23.2 × 4–8 μm, clavate to fusoid, some utriform, hyaline, inamyloid,</p> <p>thin-walled. Cheilocystidia numerous, of Rotalis - type broom cells; main body 6.8–20 × 8–22.4 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, globose, subglobose or obpyriform, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; divergent setulae 0.5–2.4 × 0.5–2.4</p> <p>μm, cylindrical to conical, obtuse, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis not mottled, a hymeniform layer of Rotalis - type broom cells; main body 8–34 × 8–28 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, subglobose or globose, pale yellowish brown to hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; divergent setulae 0.5–3 × 0.2–1.6 μm, numerous,</p> <p>cylindrical to conical, pale yellowish brown to hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–</p> <p>4.8 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 1.6–9.6 μm diam,</p> <p>cylindrical to slightly inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3–4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, yellowish brown to brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 1.6–6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat, and known distribution:—Solitary or gregarious on leaves of Cephalostachium vigueri (bamboo), Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae), and various unknown dicotyledonous leaves and stems. Africa (Benin, Cameroon, DR Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda), Indonesia (Java), Madagascar, Papua New Guinea, South America (Colombia), Sri Lanka.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Commune Ranomafana, District Ifanadiana, Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, Ranomafana National Park, Circuit Vohiparara, elev. 1062 m, GPS: 21˚ 14.255’ S, 47˚ 23.409’ E, 21 January 2014, J. E. Shay 141 (SFSU) &amp; J. E. Shay 145 (SFSU); Piste B, elev. 1004 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.413’ S, 47˚ 25.253’ E, 22 January 2014, J. E. Shay 150 B (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius rotalis forms small (1–5 mm diam), white to pale grayish pilei, distant (8–11), collariate lamellae, dark brown, wiry insititious stipe, basidiospores in the range 7.2–10.4 × 3.2–5 μm, Rotalis - type broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves, bamboo or various grasses. A quick comparison with M. apatelius indicates that they differ primarily in pileus color, paler and whitish in M. rotalis and more brownish in M. apatelius. ITS sequences of the Madagascar specimens of M. rotalis (KX 148999, KX149000, KX 149001) align with GenBank sequences of M. rotalis and M. rotula, in a clade with other members of sect. Marasmius subsect. Marasmius. (Fig. 1c).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87677FF9CFF5A1560B16FFD1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87676FF9AFF5A1461B6F7FD1C.text	03B587A87676FF9AFF5A1461B6F7FD1C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius somalomoensis (MM) Antonin, Mycotaxon 2003	<div><p>2. Marasmius somalomoensis Antonín, Mycotaxon 88: 66. 2003. (Fig. 3, Plate 1)</p> <p>Type:— CAMEROON. Sud Province, Somalomo, Dja Biosphere Reserve, 8 April 2001, V. Antonín Cm 01.42 (BRNM 666108).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–9 mm diam, plano-convex to campanulate, umbilicate, with a brown papilla; margin plicate to sulcate; surface dry, glabrous; tan to pale brown (4–5 A 3). Context thin (&lt;1 mm), white. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, distant to subdistant (11–14), no lamellulae, broad, buff (4 A 2), non-marginate. Stipe 13–32 × &lt;0.5 mm, central, narrow, wiry, twisted, insititious; surface glabrous; dark brown (6 F 8). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (6.4–) 7.2–10.4 × 3.2–4.8 μm [x mr = 7.9–9.3 × 3.6–3.9 μm; x mm = 8.53 ± 0.70 × 3.79 ± 0.10; Q = 1.5–2.8; Q mr = 2.18–2.44; Q mm = 2.27 ± 0.10, n = 25, s = 3], ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 16.8–22.4 × 6.4–7.2 μm, cylindrical to subclavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 3.2–4.8 × 0.8 μm. Basidioles 18.4–24 × 5.6–8 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia few, of Rotalis - type broom cells; main body 7.2–28.8 × 6.4–21.6 μm, cylindrical to clavate, subglobose or irregular, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; divergent setulae 0.3–1.6 × 0.8 μm, dense, cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Rotalis - type broom cells; main body 12–31.2 × 8.8–24 μm, globose to subglobose, broadly clavate or irregular, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; divergent setulae 0.5–1.6 × 0.5–1.6 μm, dense, cylindrical, hyaline to brown, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–12 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 1.6–14.4 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2–8.8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, dark brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 1.6–8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or in small gregarious clusters on Uapaca densifolia (dicot, Phyllanthaceae). Africa (Cameroon, DR Congo), Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Commune Ranomafana, District Ifanadiana, Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, Ranomafana National Park, Talatakely Trail, elev. 973 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.44’ S, 47˚ 25.116’ E, 20 January 2014, J. E. Shay 129 (SFSU); Ranomafana National Park, Piste B, elev. 1004 m, GPS 21˚ 15.413’ S, 47˚ 25.253’ E, 22 January 2014, J. E. Shay 165 (SFSU); District Moramanga, Region Alaotra-Mangoro, Commune Andasibe, Vohimana forest, Piste 5, elev. 844 m, GPS 18˚ 55.422’ S, 48˚ 30.201’ E, 27 January 2014, J. E. Shay 181 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:—Described originally from Cameroon, Marasmius somalomoensis is characterized by a tan to pale brown pileus, subdistant (11–14), collariate, non-marginate lamellae, a brown stipe with cortical hyphae that do not turn olive in KOH, basidiospores in the range 7.2–10.4 × 3.2–4.8 μm with mean 8.5 × 3.8 μm, Rotalis - type broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves. It is nearly indistinguishable from M. colorimarginatus, which differs in forming a darker brown pileus, greyish brown lamellae with brown margins, and stipe cortical hyphae that are olive in KOH.</p> <p>ITS sequences of the Madagascar material of M. somalomoensis (KX 149002, KX149003, KX 149004) are more than 3% different from the single available sequence of M. somalomoensis (EU 935559) derived from a specimen from Thailand (NW 232), but it should be noted that the Thai material is reported as forming pilei with more reddish brown tones and more lamellae (12–18) with brown edges. It is possible that the Thai material represents a species different from the African M. somalomoensis. (Fig. 1c).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87676FF9AFF5A1461B6F7FD1C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87670FF99FF5A1461B647FC6C.text	03B587A87670FF99FF5A1461B647FC6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius apatelius Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux.	<div><p>3. Marasmius apatelius Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 34: 332. 1964. (Fig. 4, Plate 1)</p> <p>Type:— DR CONGO, Kisantu, 20 March 1907, H. Vanderyst s.n. (BR 11377–28, as M. friesianus).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–5 mm diam, campanulate to umbilicate, with a dark brown (5 F 4) papilla; margin sulcate to plicate; surface dry, glabrous; greyish orange (5 B 4–5, 6 A – C 2) to buff, dries dark brown. Context thin, buff. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, distant (9–12), broad (2–3 mm), white to orange-white (5 A 2), non-marginate. Stipe 18–54 × &lt;0.5 mm, central, hollow, thin, wiry, insititious; surface glabrous, dark brown (6 F 8). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (7.2–) 8–10.4 (–11.2) × 3.2–4.8 (–5) μm [x mr = 8.9–9.0 × 4.0–4.1 μm; x mm = 8.94 ± 0.02 × 4.02 ± 0.03; Q = 1.8–2.8; Q mr = 2.23–2.25; Q mm = 2.24 ± 0.02, n = 25, s =2], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 23.2–24.8 × 6.4–8 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidioles 12–22.4 × 4–8</p> <p>μm, clavate to fusoid or cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia abundant, of Rotalis - type broom cells; main body 7.6–23.2 × 8–14.4 μm, globose to subglobose or broadly clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled;</p> <p>divergent setulae 0.5–3.2 × 0.5–2 μm, cylindrical to conical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis not mottled, a hymeniform layer of Rotalis - type broom cells; main body 12–27.2 × 8–27.2 μm, globose to broadly clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; divergent setulae 0.5–2 × 0.5–2 μm, numerous, cylindrical, hyaline to brown, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–12.8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 1.6–8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2.4–4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, yellow, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 3.2–6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—In gregarious clusters on Uapaca littoralis (dicot, Phyllanthaceae).Africa (DR Congo, Tanzania, Uganda), Madagascar, Thailand.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Atsinanana, District Brickaville, Commune Andevoranto, Andavakimena Forest, elev.- 1 m, GPS: 18˚ 53.231’ S, 49˚ 07.490’ E, 28 January 2014, J. E. Shay 203 (SFSU); Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, District Ifanadiana, Commune Randomafana, Ranomafana National Park, Piste B, elev. 1004 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.413’ S, 47˚ 25.253’ E, 22 January 2014, J. E. Shay 150 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius apatelius is characterized by small (2–5 mm diam), greyish orange to buff pileus, distant (9–12) collariate lamellae, a dark brown, wiry insititious stipe, basidiospores in the range 8–10.4 × 3.2–5 μm with mean 8.9 × 4.0 μm, Rotalis -type broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves. Described originally from the DR Congo, the Madagascar material matches nicely the African specimens reported by Antonín (2007) and Thai material reported by Wannathes et al. (2009a). An ITS sequence of the holotype of M. andasibensis var. obscurostipitatus Antonín &amp; Buyck (KX 149005) places the taxon in a clade with M. apatelius (Fig. 1c), and differs primarily in several 21–25 base pair insertions. For a comparison with numerous other members of Marasmius sect. Marasmius subsect. Marasmius, refer to Antonín (2007).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87670FF99FF5A1461B647FC6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87673FF99FF5A14F1B7AEFB60.text	03B587A87673FF99FF5A14F1B7AEFB60.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius andasibensis var. andasibensis Antonin & Buyck, Fungal Diversity	<div><p>4. Marasmius andasibensis var. andasibensis Antonín &amp; Buyck, Fungal Diversity 23: 21. 2006</p> <p>Type:— MADAGASCAR. Andasibe, 23 February 2000, B. Buyck 00.1704 (PC!).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín and Buyck (2006). Repeated attempts to sequence material from collection Buyck 00.1704 (PC) were unsuccessful.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87673FF99FF5A14F1B7AEFB60	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87673FF99FF5A13FDB13EFA64.text	03B587A87673FF99FF5A13FDB13EFA64.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius andasibensis var. obscurostipitatus (MM) Antonin & Buyck, Fungal Diversity 2006	<div><p>5. Marasmius andasibensis var. obscurostipitatus Antonín &amp; Buyck, Fungal Diversity 23: 23. 2006</p> <p>Type:— MADAGASCAR. Andasibe, 21 February 1997, B. Buyck 00.1699b (PC!).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). The holotype collection Buyck 00.1699b (PC) was sequenced (KX 149005) and falls in a clade with M. apatelius but with low support.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87673FF99FF5A13FDB13EFA64	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87673FF99FF5A1029B7DCF7C8.text	03B587A87673FF99FF5A1029B7DCF7C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius nigrobrunneus (Pat.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. (Abellini	<div><p>7. Marasmius nigrobrunneus (Pat.) Sacc., Syll. Fung. (Abellini) 11: 37. 1895</p> <p>Type:— VIETNAM. Hanoi, Keso, 31 May 1890, Bon 4397 (FH).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Repeated attempts to sequence material from collection Buyck 97.156 (PC) were unsuccessful.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87673FF99FF5A1029B7DCF7C8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87673FF99FF5A112DB7DEF8D4.text	03B587A87673FF99FF5A112DB7DEF8D4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius nigrogriseus Antonin & Buyck, Fungal Diversity	<div><p>6. Marasmius nigrogriseus Antonín &amp; Buyck, Fungal Diversity 23: 29. 2006</p> <p>Type:— MADAGASCAR. Andasibe, 22 February 1997, B. Buyck 97.011 (PC!).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Repeated attempts to sequence material from collection Buyck 97.011 (PC) were unsuccessful.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87673FF99FF5A112DB7DEF8D4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87672FF98FF5A17E9B735F7C6.text	03B587A87672FF98FF5A17E9B735F7C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius conicopapillatus Henn., Bot. Jb.	<div><p>8. Marasmius conicopapillatus Henn., Bot. Jb. 22: 100. 1895. (Fig. 5, Plate 2)</p> <p>Type:— CAMEROON. Ekundu–Liongo, 20 May 1892, P. Dusén 41 (UPS).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 1–4 mm diam, convex to plano-convex, umbilicate, with prominent dark brown conical papilla; margin sulcate; surface dull, dry, glabrous; white at margins becoming tan to cream towards disk. Context thin (&lt;1 mm), buff. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, distant (11–12), no lamellulae, ventricose, buff to cream (5 A 2), non-marginate. Stipe 2–9 × &lt;0.5 mm, central, wiry, pliant, hollow; surface glabrous; initially white darkening to light brown or brown (6 E 8) at the base. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (7.2–) 8–9.6 × (3.8–) 4–4.4 μm [x m = 8.50 ± 8.4 × 4.02 ± 0.12 μm; Q = 1.36–2.40; Q m = 2.11 ± 0.18, n = 25, s = 1], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 19.2–28 × 4.8–6.4 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 3.2–4.8 × 1.6 μm. Basidioles 12–29.6 × 3.3–5.6 μm, clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 9.6–16 × 7.2–8 μm, clavate to subglobose or irregular, seldom lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–2.4 × 0.8 μm, cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis not mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus- type broom cells; main body 7.2–20 × 4.8–10.4 μm, clavate to subglobose, seldom lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–3.2 × 0.8 μm, cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 3.2–14.4 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–6.4 μm diam, cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3.2–8.8 μm diam, cylindrical to slightly inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 0.8–22.4 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Gregarious, in clusters on leaves of Eugenia (dicot, Myrtaceae). Africa (Burundi, DR Congo, Cameroon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Uganda, Sierra Leone), Indonesia (Java), Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Alaotra-Mangora, District Moramanga, Commune Andasibe, Vohimana Forest, Piste 5, elev. 820–860 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.422’ S, 48˚ 30.201’ E, 26 January. 2014, J. E. Shay 180 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius conicopapillatus is distinguished by small (1–4 mm diam), sulcate, umbilicate pileus with a prominent dark brown conical papilla and initially white margin that develops tan to cream tones in age, distant (11–12) non-marginate collariate lamellae, a short stipe initially white to cream and becoming brown in age, basidiospores with mean 8.5 × 4 μm, Siccus - type cheilocystidia and pileipellis broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves. The Madagascar specimen (JES 180) matches nicely the description of African material by Antonín (2007). Unfortunately, repeated attempts to obtain an ITS sequence were unsuccessful.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87672FF98FF5A17E9B735F7C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8766DFF87FF5A11ADB046F830.text	03B587A8766DFF87FF5A11ADB046F830.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius curreyi Berk. & Broome, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser.	<div><p>9. Marasmius curreyi Berk. &amp; Broome, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 5, 3: 209. 1879</p> <p>Type:— UNITED KINGDOM. Fineshade, 1859, M.J. Berkeley (K).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). An ITS sequence from the Madagascar collection Buyck 97.374 (PC) (KX 148980) formed a weakly supported trichotomy with a Malaysian sequence of M. curreyi (FJ 431237) and M. graminum (JN943595) from Denmark.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8766DFF87FF5A11ADB046F830	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8766CFF86FF5A17E9B635F93C.text	03B587A8766CFF86FF5A17E9B635F93C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius curreyi	<div><p>10. Marasmius aff. curreyi (Fig. 6, Plate 2)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–7 mm diam, campanulate, umbilicate, with a dark brown papilla; margin plicate to sulcate; surface dry, glabrous; tan to light brown with greyish tones (6D6) or cream (5A2) becoming paler at the margin. Context thin, white. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, distant (10–11), no lamellulae, narrow (0.3–0.5), white to cream, non-marginate. Stipe 5–30 × &lt;0.5 mm, central, cylindrical, hollow, wiry, insititious; surface glabrous; dark brown. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (7.2–) 8–9.6 × 4–4.8 μm [x m = 9.02 ± 0.71 × 4.29 ± 0.37 μm; Q = 1.80–2.40; Q m = 2.11 ± 0.20, n = 25, s = 1], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 4–14.4 μm, clavate to cylindrical, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 0.8 × 0.2 μm. Basidioles 12–20 × 4.8–8 μm, clavate to cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia not observed. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 8–16 × 6.4–8.8 μm, clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8– 2.4 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, brown to hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 2.4–8.8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–12 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2–8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, dark brown to brownish yellow, sometimes dextrinoid, thin-walled; medullary hyphae 2–6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, weakly dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat, and known distribution:—Solitary to gregarious on stems of Justicia (Acanthaceae). Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR.Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany,District Ifanadiana,Commune Ranomafana, Ranomafana National Park, Circuit Vohiparara, elev. 1062 m, GPS: 21˚ 14.255’ S, 47˚ 23.409’ E, 21 January 2014, J.E. Shay 135 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:—Distinctive features of Madagascar populations of Marasmius aff. curreyi are a rather small (2–7 mm diam) tan to light brown pileus with yellowish brown tones that soon fades to tan, distant (10–11) collariate non-marginate lamellae, a relatively short (&lt;30 mm) stipe, basidiospores in the range 8–9.6 × 4–4.8 μm, and growth on dead stems. An ITS sequence of material from Madagascar (KX148980) identified as M. curreyi by Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006) was only 96.3% similar to JES 135 (KX149008). The latter Madagascar sequence, however, was nearly indistinguishable from material determined as M. curreyi from Korea (FJ936152) (Fig. 1c). Although the morphology of the Madagascar material is similar to that of M. curreyi, this species was described originally from England and no sequences of U.K. or European material determined as M. curreyi are available for comparison. Accordingly, we recognize our material as M. aff. curreyi.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8766CFF86FF5A17E9B635F93C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8766CFF86FF5A1041B7EEF830.text	03B587A8766CFF86FF5A1041B7EEF830.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius curreyi var. bicystidiatus Antonin & Hauskn., Fungal Diversity	<div><p>11. Marasmius curreyi var. bicystidiatus Antonín &amp; Hauskn., Fungal Diversity 23: 26. 2006</p> <p>Type:— MAURITIUS. Rivière du Rempart, Grand Baie, Bougain Villas, 4 March 1993, leg. Hausknecht MA04a (WU 14896).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Material from collection A. Hausknecht MA04a (WU 14896) was unavailable for sequencing.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8766CFF86FF5A1041B7EEF830	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8766FFF84FF5A17E9B4DFFE18.text	03B587A8766FFF84FF5A17E9B4DFFE18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius rubrobrunneus J. E. Shay & Desjardin 2017	<div><p>12. Marasmius rubrobrunneus J.E. Shay &amp; Desjardin, sp. nov. (Fig. 7, Plate 2)</p> <p>MycoBank no.: MB818617</p> <p>Holotype:— MADAGASCAR. District Moramanga, Region Alaotra-Mangoro, Commune Andasibe, Vohimana Forest, Piste 5, elev. 844 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.422’ S, 48˚ 30.201’ E, 27 January 2014, J. E. Shay 191 (SFSU).</p> <p>Etymology:— rubro –reddish, - brunneus –brown, referring to the dark reddish brown pileus.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 4–9 mm diam, campanulate, umbilicate, with a dark brown papilla; margin sulcate; surface glabrous; dark reddish brown (7–8E–F5–8). Context thin, dark reddish brown. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, distant (11–12), broad, no lamellulae; white to buff (4A2) with reddish brown edges. Stipe 16–26 × &lt;0.5 mm, central, hollow, twisted, wiry, insititious; surface glabrous; dark brown. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (12–) 13.6–19.2 × 2.4–4 μm [x mr = 14.9–16.5 × 3.2 μm; x mm = 15.71 ± 1.13 × 3.2 ± 0.06; Q = 2.8–6.7; Q mr = 4.6–5.18; Q mm = 4.89 ± 0.41, n = 25, s = 2], narrowly fusoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 17.6–26.4 × 4.8–7.2 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia abundant, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 12–20 × 6.4–8 μm, clavate to cylindrical or subglobose, seldom bilobed, light brown, inamyloid, thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–4.8 × 0.8–2.4 μm, cylindrical to conical, sometimes branched, light brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of</p> <p>Siccus - type broom cells; main body 9.6–19.2 × 6.4–12 μm, clavate to cylindrical or subglobose, brown to hyaline,</p> <p>inamyloid, thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–6.4 × 0.8–2.4 μm, cylindrical to conical, obtuse, seldom branched, brown to hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 3.2–8.8 μm diam, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid,</p> <p>thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–16 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled.</p> <p>Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2.4–8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, light brown to brown, dextrinoid,</p> <p>thick-walled; medullary hyphae 4–10.4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, light yellow to hyaline, inamyloid,</p> <p>thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or in small gregarious clusters on a variety of leaf litter and stems of Uapaca densifolia (Phyllanthaceae), Canarium boivinii (Burseraceae), Pandanus, Contium and other unknown dicots. Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. District Moramanga, Region Alaotra-Mangoro, Commune Andasibe,</p> <p>Vohimana Forest, Piste 5, elev. 844 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.422’ S, 48˚ 30.201’ E, 27 January 2014, J.E. Shay 191 (SFSU) &amp;</p> <p>J.E. Shay 183 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:—Features of Marasmius rubrobrunneus include a small (4–9 mm diam), sulcate, dark reddish brown pileus, distant collariate lamellae with reddish brown edges, a black wiry insititious stipe, basidiospores with mean</p> <p>15.7 × 3.2 μm (Q m = 4.9), Siccus - type broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves and twigs. Morphologically, the new species is nearly indistinguishable from M. purpureobrunneolus Henn., described originally from Java. The latter species has been redescribed several times (Desjardin et al. 2000, Tan et al. 2009, Wannathes et al. 2009a)</p> <p>from material collected in southeast Asia, and is distinguished by a dark purplish brown pileus and basidiospores in the range 12–17 (–19) × 2.5–5 μm, with means in the range 14.0–14.8 × 3.2–4.1μm (Q mr = 3.6–4.5). In comparison, Marasmius rubrobrunneus has a dark reddish brown pileus lacking purple tones, and basidiospores with means in the range 14.9–16.5 × 3.2 μm, i.e., slightly longer and narrower than in M. purpureobrunneolus. Although this variability may seem trivial, a comparison of the ITS sequence of the Madagascar holotype specimen (KX148989) with two specimens of M. purpureobrunneolus from Thailand (EU935556, EU935557) show only 85% similarity. In the ITS phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1c), M. rubrobrunneus is sister to M. purpureobrunneolus with good support (81% BS; 1.0</p> <p>PP).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8766FFF84FF5A17E9B4DFFE18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8766EFF83FF5A1565B74DFB4C.text	03B587A8766EFF83FF5A1565B74DFB4C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius brunneoaurantiacus (MS) Antonin & Buyck, Fungal Diversity 2006	<div><p>13. Marasmius brunneoaurantiacus Antonín &amp; Buyck, Fungal Diversity 23: 24. 2006. (Fig. 8, Plate 3)</p> <p>Type:— MADAGASCAR. Ranomafana National Park, 4 February 1999, leg. B. Buyck &amp; G. Eyssartier, Buyck 99.450 (PC!).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 5–20 mm diam, campanulate to hemispherical, umbilicate, with a dark brown papilla; margin sulcate to plicate; surface dry, glabrous; reddish brown (7 C – E 7–8, 8D8, 6D6). Context thin (&lt;1 mm), white to cream (4 A 3). Lamellae adnate to a collarium, subdistant (12–16), broad (0.5–1mm), cream, non-marginate or with brown edges. Stipe 16–67 × 0.2–0.4 mm, central, cylindrical, wiry, pliant, insititious; surface glabrous, light brown at apex to dark brown (7 E 6) towards the base. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (6.2–) 8–10.4 (–11.2) × (3.2–) 4–4.8 (–5.6) μm [x mr = 8.8–9.5 × 4.1–4.6 μm; x mm = 9.03 ± 0.3 × 4.28 ± 0.2; Q = 1.3–3.0; Q mr = 2.0–2.3; Q mm = 2.14 ± 0.1, n = 25, s = 6], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 16.8–27.2 × 5.6–6.4 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 3.2–4</p> <p>× 1.6 μm. Basidioles 14.4–30.4 × 3.2–8 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia few to abundant, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 12–29.6 × 4.8–14.4 μm, cylindrical to clavate, subglobose or irregular, often 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae dense, 0.8–5.6 × 0.8–2.4 μm, cylindrical to conical, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus -</p> <p>type broom cells; main body 8.8–20 × 6.4–8.8 μm, clavate to subglobose or irregular, seldom 2–4-lobed, hyaline,</p> <p>inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–7.2 × 0.8–2.4 μm, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, hyaline to dark brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–16 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–14.4 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3.2–10.4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 3.2–27 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or gregarious on leaves and stems of Uapaca (Phyllanthaceae), Cryptocarya (Lauraceae), Maesa (Primulaceae), Volina madagascariensis (bamboo) and Cephalostachium vigueri (bamboo). Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Commune Ranomafana, District Ifanadiana, Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, Ranomafana National Park, Talatakely Trail, elev. 937–973 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.237’ S, 47˚ 25.183’ E, 20 January 2014, J. E. Shay 113 (SFSU), J. E. Shay 115 (SFSU), J. E. Shay 125 (SFSU) &amp; J. E. Shay 131 (SFSU); Ranomafana National Park, Circuit Vohiparara, elev. 1062 m, GPS: 21˚ 14.255’ S, 47˚ 23.409’ E, 21 January 2014, J. E. Shay 133 (SFSU) &amp; J. E. Shay 137 (SFSU); Ranomafana National Park, Piste B, elev. 1004 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.413’ S, 47˚ 25.253’ E, 22 January 2014, J. E. Shay 166 (TAN); Region Analamanga, City of Antananarivo, Parc Botanique de Zoologique (P. B. Z. T.), near the garden of Crops Wild and Relatives (CWR), elev. 1270 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.53’ S, 47˚ 31.35’ E, J. E. Shay 218 (SFSU); Ranomafana National Park, along crest near roadside just outside Park area, 4 February 1999, leg. B. Buyck &amp; G. Eyssartier, Buyck 99.450 (PC, holotype).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius brunneoaurantiacus is characterized by a rather large (5–20 mm diam), light brown to brown or reddish brown pileus, subdistant (12–16), collariate, non-marginate or brown-marginate lamellae, a relatively long stipe (up to 67 mm), basidiospores in the range 8–10.4 (–11) × 4–4.8 μm, Siccus - type broom cells, and growth mainly on bamboo leaves, occasionally on dicot leaves.</p> <p>Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006) described the species as having brown-marginate lamellae, basidiospores in the range 9.5–11 × 4.5–6 μm, and growth on dead leaves of Uapaca ferruginea (Buyck 99.439). The holotype specimen (Buyck 99.450), however, is undoubtedly growing on bamboo leaves. Our material of M. brunneoaurantiacus occurs mainly on bamboo leaves, (although several specimens are on both grasses and dicot leaves (JES 115, JES 133)), has basidiomes with brown-marginate or non-marginate lamellae, and the basidiospores are in the shorter end of the range. In other features, our material is indistinguishable from the holotype. An ITS sequence of the holotype specimen (KX 148978) shows 99.1–99.6% similarity to seven additional specimens from Madagascar (KX 149009–KX149014, KX 149016), forming a clade with 100% BS and 1.0 PP support (Fig. 1c).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8766EFF83FF5A1565B74DFB4C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87669FF82FF5A1391B5D8FA0B.text	03B587A87669FF82FF5A1391B5D8FA0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius crinisequi Kalchbr.	<div><p>14. Marasmius crinisequi F. Muell. ex Kalchbr., in Kalchbrenner, Grevillea 8(48): 153. 1880. (Fig. 9, Plate 3)</p> <p>= Marasmius equicrinis F. Muell. ex Berk., J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 18: 383. 1881.</p> <p>= Androsaceus crinisequi (F. Muell. ex Kalchbr.) Overeem, De nuttige planten van Nederlandsch Indië 1: 69. 1927. = Marasmius graminum var. equicrinis (F. Muell. ex Berk.) Dennis, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 34: 416. 1951.</p> <p>= Marasmius repens Henn., Bot. Jb. 23: 548. 1897 (nom. illeg., non Marasmius repens (Bull.) Quél. 1886).</p> <p>= Marasmius ramentaceus (Pat.) Sacc. &amp; Traverso, Syll. Fung. (Abellini) 20: 21. 1911.</p> <p>= Androsaceus ramentaceus Pat., Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Suppl. 1: 107. 1897.</p> <p>Type:— AUSTRALIA. North Queensland, Rockingham Bay, F. von Mueller s.n. (K (M) 99658, lectotype).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 1–2 mm diam, convex to campanulate, umbilicate, with a dark brown papilla; margin plicate to sulcate; surface dull, dry, glabrous; light brownish orange (5 B 5–6). Context thin, buff. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, distant (6), no lamellulae, broad, buff (5 A 3), non-marginate. Stipe 2–4 × &lt;0.5 mm, central, wiry, pliant, arising directly from coarse black rhizomorphs; surface glabrous; dark brown. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (8.8–) 9.6–13.6 × 4–5.6 μm [x m = 10.14 ± 1.24 × 4.54 ± 0.50 μm; Q = 1.57–3.40; Q m = 2.27 ± 0.18, n = 25, s = 1], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 18.4–28 × 8.8–9.6 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 4–4.8 × 1.6 μm. Basidioles 16.8–24 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 8.8–15.2 × 6.4–10.4 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, seldom 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–4.8 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical, obtuse, sometimes branched, hyaline, inamyloid. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis not mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 10.4–16 × 6.4–10.4 μm, cylindrical to clavate or broadly clavate, seldom 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–5.6 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical, seldom branched, pale brown, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 2.4–6.4 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 1.6–7.2 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3.2–4.8 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, dark brown, inamyloid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 2.4–9.6 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary arising directly from rhizomorphs, attached to debris of Uapaca densifolia, Anthocleista madagascarensis, Omphalea oppositefolia, and Noronhia. Pantropical, common in Africa (Burundi, Cameroon, DR Congo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Nigeria, Sierra Leone), Asia, Australia, Caribbean region, Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Alaotra-Mangora, District Moramanga, Commune Andasibe, Vohimana Forest, Piste 2, elev. 820–860 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.422’ S, 48˚ 30.201’ E, 26 January 2014, J. E. Shay 176 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius crinisequi, commonly called the horsehair fungus, forms basidiomes that arise directly from coarse black rhizomorphs. The species is often arboreal, with the rhizomorphs forming a net-like structure that captures falling leaves. The orange to light brown pileus is less than 2 mm diam, sulcate, with a small dark papilla in the umbilicus, distant (6) lamellae, a short (2–4 mm), dark brown stipe, basidiospores with mean 10.1 × 4.5 μm, and Siccus - type cheilocystidia and pileipellis broom cells. It represents a pantropical species or complex of species in need of more phylogenetic analyses with multiple genes. Repeated attempts to obtain ITS sequences from the Madagascar material were unsuccessful.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87669FF82FF5A1391B5D8FA0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87668FF80FF5A1154B54FF9E0.text	03B587A87668FF80FF5A1154B54FF9E0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius subruforotula Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux.	<div><p>15. Marasmius cf. subruforotula Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 34: 339. 1964. (Fig. 10, Plate 3)</p> <p>Type:— DR CONGO. Equateur Province, Eala, July 1907, L. Pynaert 1608 (BR 11515–69).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–7 mm diam, campanulate to convex, umbilicate, with a dark brown (6 F 8) conical papilla;</p> <p>margin plicate to sulcate; surface dry, glabrous; greyish orange to brownish orange or light brown (5–6 B –D4–8).</p> <p>Context thin, white. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, distant (9–12), no lamellulae, broad, white to buff (4 A 2), nonmarginate. Stipe 6–40 × &lt;0.5 mm, central, cylindrical, wiry, hollow, insititious; surface glabrous; dark brown to black.</p> <p>Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores 7.2–9.6 (–10.4) × 3.2–4 μm [x mr = 8–8.4 × 3.8–3.9 μm; x mm = 8.23 ± 0.2 × 3.87 ± 0.1 μm; Q = 1.8– 2.6; Q mr = 2.06–2.19; Q mm = 2.14 ± 0.1, n = 24–25, s = 3], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 19.2–32 × 4–8 μm, clavate 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 1.6–4.8 × 0.8–1.6 μm. Basidioles</p> <p>16.8–26.4 × 4–7.2 μm, clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia numerous, of Siccus - type broom cells;</p> <p>main body 8.8–18.4 × 5.6–10.4 μm, clavate to cylindrical or subglobose, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.5–5.6 × 0.8–1.6 μm, conical to cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 11.2–20 × 5.6–12.8 μm, clavate to cylindrical, subglobose or irregular, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–5.6 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, sometimes branching, hyaline to yellow or brown, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–11.2 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 1.6–9.6 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3–5.6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, light brown to brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 1.6– 9.6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or gregarious on a variety of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous leaves including, but not limited to Mallotus (Euphorbiaceae), Pandanus (Pandanaceae), Vernonia (Asteraceae), Noronhia (Oleaceae), Blotia (Euphorbiaceae), Coffea mangoroensis (Rubiaceae), Alafia (Apocynaceae), Uapaca thouarai, Uapaca densifolia (Phyllanthaceae), Ambavia (Annonaceae), Psychotria (Rubiaceae) and Carallia brachiata (Rhizophoraceae). Africa (Cameroon, DR Congo, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda), Madagascar, Thailand.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. District Moramanga, Region Alaotra-Mangoro, Commune Andasibe, Vohimana forest, Piste 5, elev. 844 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.422’ S, 48˚ 30.201’ E, 27 January 2014, J. E. Shay 186 (SFSU), J. E. Shay 190 (SFSU) &amp; J. E. Shay 192 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:—The material from Madagascar shows closest phenetic similarity to Marasmius subruforotula. The Madagascar taxon is distinguished by a small (2–7 mm diam), brownish orange pileus with a distinct dark brown papilla, distant (9–12), collariate, non-marginate lamellae, dark brown insititious stipe, basidiospores in the range 7.2– 10.4 × 3.2–4 μm, Siccus - type broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves and twigs. Marasmius subruforotula, described from the DR Congo, has reddish brown pilei, reddish brown-marginate lamellae and broader basidiospores (4–5 μm wide). Our material matches that reported from Madagascar by Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006) as M. cf.subruforotula. Pegler (1977) and Antonin (2007) report M. subruforotula from throughout Africa with morphology that overlaps that reported here; however, ITS sequences of material from Príncipe (Grace et al. unpubl.) are quite different from those reported here from Madagascar specimens, although they are sister to each other (100% BS, 1.0 PP support; Fig. 1c), suggesting that they represent different species. Until additional materials representing a wide distribution of specimens from the African continent are compared, we tentatively recognize the Madagascar taxon as Marasmius cf. subruforotula.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87668FF80FF5A1154B54FF9E0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8766AFF8EFF5A117DB52AFEE4.text	03B587A8766AFF8EFF5A117DB52AFEE4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius madagascariensis J. E. Shay & Desjardin 2017	<div><p>16. Marasmius madagascariensis J.E. Shay &amp; Desjardin, sp. nov. (Fig. 11, Plate 4)</p> <p>MycoBank no.: MB 818620</p> <p>Holotype:— MADAGASCAR. Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, District Ifanadiana, Commune Ranomafana, Ranomafana National Park, Circuit Vohiparara, elev. 1062 m, GPS: 21˚ 14.255’ S, 47˚ 23.409’ E, 21 January 2014, J. E. Shay 139 (SFSU).</p> <p>Etymology:— madagascar-iensis –occurring in Madagascar.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–6 mm diam, convex to campanulate, umbilicate, with a reddish brown papilla; margin sulcate;</p> <p>surface dry, glabrous; orangish brown (6C–D7, 5B6–7). Context thin (&lt;1 mm), concolorous with pileus. Lamellae adnate to a collarium, subdistant (9–11), broad (0.5–1 mm), light orange (5A4) to cream, non-marginate. Stipe 10–</p> <p>23 × 0.1–1 mm, central, hollow, wiry, insititious; surface glabrous; black; rhizomorphs present. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores 8.8–12.8 × 4–5.6 (–7.2) μm [x mr = 11.3–11.6 × 4.8–5.0 μm; x mm = 11.46 ± 0.17 × 4.90 ± 0.09 μm; Q = 1.8–3.2; Q mr = 2.36–2.38; Q mm = 2.37 ± 0.02, n = 21–22, s = 2], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 18.4–26.4 × 9.6–11.2 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid. Basidioles 13.6–24.8 × 4.8–8.5 μm, clavate to cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 8–19.2 × 6.4–11.2 μm, clavate to cylindrical, seldom lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–6.4 × 0.5–2 μm, cylindrical to conical, often branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 8–16 × 6.4–16 μm, clavate or irregular, 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 1.6–5.6 × 0.5–2 μm, cylindrical to conical, sometimes branched, yellowish brown to hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 2.4–4.8 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 1.6–12 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2–4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 2.4–8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, weakly dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or gregarious on stems of Cyathea (tree fern, Cyatheaceae) and on debris of an unknown grass (Poaceae). Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, District Ifanadiana, Commune Ranomafana, Ranomafana National Park, Circuit Vohiparara, elev. 1062 m, GPS: 21˚ 14.255’ S, 47˚ 23.409’ E, 21 January 2014, J. E. Shay 139 (SFSU); Region Analamanga, District Ankazobe, Commune Ambatoharanama, Ambohitantely Forest Reserve Sentier Botanique, 1574 m, GPS: 18˚ 11.504’ S, 47˚ 17.074’ E, 8 Feb. 2014, J. E. Shay 225 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius madagascariensis is characterized by small (2–6 mm diam), orangish brown pileus with a reddish brown central papilla, distant (9–11), collariate, non-marginate lamellae, a wiry stipe &lt;23 mm long, abundant rhizomorphs, basidiospores with mean 11.5 × 4.9 μm, Siccus - type broom cells, and growth on grass leaves and tree fern stems. Morphologically it is similar to M. guyanensis Mont., a species described originally from French Guyana (South America), and subsequently reported from the Caribbean region, Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Africa. Morphologically, the Madagascar specimens are most similar to Thailand M. guyanensis where basidiomes are formed on dicot leaves and have basidiospores with mean width 3.8 μm. In comparison, the Madagascar specimens differ in growing on grass leaves and tree fern stems and have basidiospores with mean width 4.9 μm. ITS sequences of Madagascar material of M. madagascariensis (KX149015, KX149006) are on a long branch embedded in a clade with two Malaysian specimens determined as M. guyanensis (FJ431246, FJ431247; Tan et al. 2009), two specimens of M. crinisequi, and two Thai specimens of M. guyanensis (EU935552, EU935553; Wannathes et al. 2009a). In addition, the Madagascar specimens are morphologically similar to M. aff. guyanensis reported from the island of Princípe (DED 8285, Grace et al., unpubl.), but the latter has longer and narrower basidiospores (12.5–15 × 3.5–4.5 μm), and an insertion of 38 base pairs (between 593–630) in the ITS region. Because of its distribution in Madagascar, subtle differences in basidiospore size and substrate, and ITS sequence differences, we recognize the Madagascar material as a distinct species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8766AFF8EFF5A117DB52AFEE4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87664FF8EFF5A15D1B02DFC6C.text	03B587A87664FF8EFF5A15D1B02DFC6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius cecropiformis Antonin & Hauskn., Fungal Diversity	<div><p>18. Marasmius cecropiformis Antonín &amp; Hauskn., Fungal Diversity 23: 33. 2006</p> <p>Type:— FRANCE. La Réunion, Forêt de Belouve, ca. 140 m elev., 13 March 1996, leg. A. Hausknecht RE 59/96 and G. Wölfel (WU 25700).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Material from collection A. Hausknecht RE 59/96 and G. Wölfel (WU 25700) was unavailable for sequencing.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87664FF8EFF5A15D1B02DFC6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87664FF8EFF5A1689B650FD8C.text	03B587A87664FF8EFF5A1689B650FD8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius neosessiliformis Antonin & Buyck 2006	<div><p>17. Marasmius neosessiliformis Antonín &amp; Buyck nom. prov., Fungal Diversity 23: 34. 2006</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascar material of this provisionally described species, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). An ITS sequence of collection Buyck 97.615 (KX149007) formed an unresolved clade with sequences of M. tenuissimus and M. leveilleanus.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87664FF8EFF5A1689B650FD8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87664FF8EFF5A13D9B704FA2C.text	03B587A87664FF8EFF5A13D9B704FA2C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius sulcatipes Pat., Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Natur.	<div><p>19. Marasmius sulcatipes Pat., Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Natur. 13: 526. 1924</p> <p>Type:— MADAGASCAR. Massif de l’Ankaizniana, on old stump of tree in a humid mountain forest at 1500 m alt., leg. M. Decary (PC).</p> <p>For a descriptions and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Material from collection M. Decary (PC) was unavailable for sequencing. It should be noted that M. sulcatipes Pat. (1924) is an illegitimate name, a later homonym of Marasmius sulcatipes Murrill [N.Amer. Fl. (New York) 9(4): 259. 1915], a species described from Cuba now recognized as belonging to the genus Gymnopus.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87664FF8EFF5A13D9B704FA2C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87664FF8CFF5A12B1B58CFCF8.text	03B587A87664FF8CFF5A12B1B58CFCF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius bekolacongoli Beeli, Bull. Soc. R. Bot. Belg.	<div><p>20. Marasmius bekolacongoli Beeli, Bull. Soc. R. Bot. Belg. 60(2): 157. 1928. (Fig. 12, Plate 4)</p> <p>Type:— DR CONGO. Equateur Province, Eala, October 1923, M. Goossens–Fontana 204 (BR 11406–57).</p> <p>Description:—Macromorphological features derived from a photograph and dried material. Pileus 85 mm diam, obtusely conical; disc rugulose; margin sulcate; surface dry, glabrous; striped, disc brown to violaceous brown, sulcae pinkish-violaceous brown, ridges pale cream to buff. Context thin. Lamellae adnexed, distant (15), cream, non-marginate. Stipe about 120 × 10 mm, central, cylindrical; surface longitudinally ridged; cream to tan or pale brown. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (21.6–) 24–29.4 × (3.2–) 4–6.4 μm [x m = 26.05 ± 2.19 × 5.17 ± 0.98 μm; Q = 3.5–7.5; Q m = 5.24 ± 1.41, n = 25, s = 1], clavate, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 35–42.4 × 8–11.2 μm, clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia few, 18.4–26.4 × 8–12 μm, clavate to broadly clavate or cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis not mottled, a hymeniform layer of Globulares - type cells; main body 14.4–28 × 9.6–16 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, pyriform or subglobose, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 3.2–16 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline to pale light brown, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 3.2–16 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3.2–8.8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, yellowish brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 2.4–10.4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, pale yellowish, inamyloid, thick-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary on undetermined dicotyledonous debris. Africa (Burundi, Cameroon, DR Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe), Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR.Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany,District Ifanadiana,Commune Ranomafana, February 2013, T. Lockwood 2131638 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:—The single specimen from Madagascar (Lockwood 2131638) matches nicely the descriptions of African material (Singer 1965, Pegler 1977, Antonín 2007), although the basidiospores are slightly longer. Our specimen has a violaceous brown and cream striped pileus 85 mm diam, a large (120 × 10 mm) cream longitudinally ridged stipe, basidiospores in the range 24–29.6 × 4–6.4 μm, no pleurocystidia, clavate cheilocystidia, Globulares - type pileipellis cells, no caulocystidia, and growth in leafy debris. African M. bekolacongoli are reported to have basidiospores 17.5– 26 × 3.8–5.4 μm (Antonín 2007), otherwise the morphology is indistinguishable from Lockwood 2131638. Because of the basidiospore size, the Madagascar specimen would key to M. camerunensis Antonín &amp; Mossebo, but the latter has a smaller, non-striped pileus lacking violaceous tones, and a smaller stipe (40–70 × 4–6 mm) and grows on woody debris (Antonín 2007). Only a single basidiome of M. bekolacongoli was collected and photographed by Taylor Lockwood. An ITS sequence of this specimen (KX 148982) formed a weakly supported clade with other members of sect. Globulares plus M. coarctatus (sect. Sicci, ser. Spinulosi) (Fig. 1b).</p> <p>The following four series were formally described within Sect. Sicci Singer, but because they represent nonmonophyletic lineages (see Results above) they are herein informally placed in Sect. Globulares for pragmatic reasons; no formal transfers are implied.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87664FF8CFF5A12B1B58CFCF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87666FF8AFF5A1301B150FD30.text	03B587A87666FF8AFF5A1301B150FD30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius dendrosetosus J. E. Shay & Desjardin 2017	<div><p>21. Marasmius dendrosetosus J.E. Shay &amp; Desjardin, sp. nov. (Fig. 13, Plate 5)</p> <p>MycoBank no.: MB 818619</p> <p>Holotype:— MADAGASCAR. Region Atsinanana, District Brickaville, Commune Andevoranto, Andavakimena Forest, elev. 0–8 m, GPS: 18˚ 53.231’ S, 49˚ 07.490’ E, 28 January 2014, J. E. Shay 205 (SFSU).</p> <p>Etymology:— dendro-setosus –referring to the branched, tree-shaped pileosetae.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–9 mm diam, convex to plano-convex; disc rugulose; margin smooth; surface dry, glabrous;</p> <p>cream to orangish white (4A2–3, 5A2–3) or greyish orange (5B3), lighter towards the margin. Context thin (&lt;1 mm),</p> <p>concolorous. Lamellae adnate, distant (8–12) with 3–6 series of lamellulae, narrow, buff to cream (4A2–3, 5A2–3),</p> <p>non-marginate. Stipe 3–11 × 0.5–0.8 mm, central, cylindrical, hollow, non-insititious; surface pruinose; apex buff</p> <p>(4A3, 5A3), centrally light brown (6D5), base dark brown (6F5–7). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores 7.2–9.6 (–10.4) × 3.2–4 (–4.8) μm [x mr = 8.2–9.1 × 3.9 μm; x mm = 8.66 ± 0.68 × 3.88 ± 0.02 μm; Q = 1.6–2.8; Q mr = 2.12–2.36; Q mm = 2.24 ± 0.17, n = 7–25; s = 2], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 20–24 × 6.4–8 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidioles 16–21.6 × 5.6–7.2 μm,</p> <p>clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia abundant, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body</p> <p>14.4–18.4 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate to cylindrical or irregular, seldom 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae dense, 0.8–1.6 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical or irregular, sometimes branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled.</p> <p>Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of three types of cells: 1) thin-walled Siccus - type broom cells with main body 6–20 × 5.6–8.8 μm, clavate or irregular, seldom 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid; apical setulae</p> <p>0.8–8 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical or irregular, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled, branched; 2) thick-walled</p> <p>Siccus - type broom cells with main body 16.8–21.6 × 5.6–8 μm, clavate, lobed, hyaline, inamyloid; apical setulae 0.8–8</p> <p>× 0.8–3.2 μm, cylindrical to conical, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled; 3) pileosetae 40–300 × 1.6–8 μm, cylindrical to antler-like, often highly branched, clustered, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 2.4–</p> <p>7.2 μm diam, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–7.2 μm diam, cylindrical,</p> <p>smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2.4–7.2 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical,</p> <p>smooth, light brown to pale yellow, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 2.4–8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical,</p> <p>hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia of Siccus - type broom cells emerging directly from hyphae; main body 3.2–4 × 1.6–5.6 μm, clavate or irregular, frequently lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae cylindrical or irregular, branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or in gregarious clusters on stems and leaves of Uapaca littoralis and Pandanus. Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Atsinanana, District Brickaville, Commune Andevoranto, Andavakimena Forest, elev. 0–8 m, GPS: 18˚ 53.231’ S, 49˚ 07.490’ E, 28 January 2014, J. E. Shay 205 (SFSU); same location, GPS: 18˚ 53.082’ S, 49˚ 07.559’ E, 30 January 2014, J. E. Shay 211 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius dendrosetosus is characterized by a small (&lt;10 mm) smooth cream to orangish white pileus, subdistant non-marginate lamellae, a minutely pruinose stipe, basidiospores in the range 7.2–10.4 × 3.2–4.8 μm, Siccus -type cheilocystidia and caulocystidia, a pileipellis composed of Siccus -type broom cells and scattered hyaline branched pileosetae up to 300 μm long, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves and sticks. Morphology and molecular data indicate that this new species is allied with M. longisetosus J.S. Oliveira &amp; Capelari, describe recently from Brazil (Oliveira et al. 2014). Marasmius longisetosus differs in forming a more deeply pigmented pileus (yellowish orange to pure orange), slightly longer basidiospores (mean 10.5 μm), and shorter, unbranched pileosetae. ITS sequences of M. dendrosetosus (KX148995, KX148996) are only 95% similar to the holotype specimen of M. longisetosus (JX424040), and align sister to the latter in the ITS phylogenetic analysis (99% BS, 1.0 PP; Fig. 1b). Marasmius jalapensis Murrill, reported from tropical Africa, is also similar, but forms more crowded lamellae, a longer stipe (40–60 mm), has hymenial setae, shorter and broader pileosetae, and numerous caulosetae (Antonín 2007).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87666FF8AFF5A1301B150FD30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87663FF88FF5A17E9B7D8FCF8.text	03B587A87663FF88FF5A17E9B7D8FCF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius nummularius Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.	<div><p>22. Marasmius nummularius Berk. &amp; Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14 (73): 33. 1873 (1875). (Fig. 14, Plate 5)</p> <p>Type:— SRI LANKA. Kandy District, Peradeniya, Thwaites 102 cum icone (K!).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–7 mm diam, convex to plano-convex; margin striate; surface glabrous; orangish brown to ochraceous (5 B 8). Context thin. Lamellae adnexed, subdistant (14–16) with 3–4 series of lamellulae, white with brown to orangish brown edges. Stipe 20–48 × 1 mm, central, tough, non-insititious; surface dull, hispid; apex white, base light brown to orange-brown (6D6). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (10.4–) 11.2–14.4 × 3.2–5.6 μm [x mr = 12.4–12.7 × 4.3–4.8 μm; x mm = 12.56 ± 0.21 × 4.56 ± 0.39 μm; Q = 1.9–3.6; Q mr = 2.69–2.92; Q mm = 2.80 ± 0.16, n = 25, s = 2], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 17.6–25.6 × 6.4–8 μm, clavate to broadly clavate or cylindrical, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled.</p> <p>Basidioles 16.8–25.6 × 5.6–8.8 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, cylindrical or fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled.</p> <p>Cheilocystidia of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 6–20 × 6–9.6 μm, broadly clavate, hyaline to pale yellow brown,</p> <p>dextrinoid, thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–10.4 × 0.8–2.4 μm, numerous, cylindrical to conical, subacute, hyaline,</p> <p>inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia scattered, not conspicuous, 22–28 × 6.5–7.5 μm, fusoid, hyaline, refractive,</p> <p>inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 9.6–20 × 6.4–</p> <p>8.8 μm, cylindrical to clavate or subglobose, hyaline to light brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; apical setulae 1.6–12.8</p> <p>× 0.5–2.4 μm, cylindrical to conical, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 3.2–7.2</p> <p>μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 3.2–5.6 μm diam,</p> <p>cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, weakly dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2.4–4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, hyaline to pale yellow, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 3.2–9.6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Caulosetae 28–109 × 7.2–36 μm, conical to cylindrical, fusoid or lageniform, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary to gregarious on leaf litter of Dalberjia (Fabaceae) and bark of unknown trees. Indonesia (Java), Madagascar, Sri Lanka, Thailand.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Commune Ranomafana, District Ifanadiana, Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, Ranomafana National Park, Talatakely Trail, elev. 937–973 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.237’ S, 47˚ 25.183’ E, 20 January 2014, J. E. Shay 121 (SFSU); same location and date, J. E. Shay 124 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:—The Madagascar material is characterized by small (2–7 mm diam) orangish brown to ochraceous pileus, subdistant orangish brown-marginate lamellae, a hispid orangish brown to brown non-insititious stipe, basidiospores with mean 12.4–12.7 × 4.3–4.8 μm, Siccus - type cheilocystidia and pileipellis cells with setulae up to 12 mm long, small fusoid pleurocystidia, rare pileosetae, conspicuous caulosetae, and growth on woody debris. Populations of M. nummularius in Thailand (Wannathes et al. 2009a) and Indonesia (Desjardin et al. 2000) differ in lacking the small pleurocystidia, and often have more reddish brown tones to the pileus. An ITS sequence of Madagascar material (KX 148979) shows 98% similarity to two Thai sequences (EU 935492, EU 935493) forming a well-supported clade (90% BS, 1.0 PP) (Fig. 1b). The African species M. castaneovelutinus Henn. and M. fulvovelutinus Beeli differ in forming larger (4–35 mm diam), chestnut brown to reddish brown pilei, non-marginate lamellae, larger basidiospores (14–18 × 4–6 μm), and more conspicuous pleurocystidia (Antonín 2007).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87663FF88FF5A17E9B7D8FCF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87662FFB7FF5A1349B52BFA43.text	03B587A87662FFB7FF5A1349B52BFA43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius corrugatiformis Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux.	<div><p>23. Marasmius corrugatiformis Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 34: 374. 1964. (Fig. 15, Plate 6)</p> <p>Type:— DR CONGO. Near Yambao, 21 June 1939, J. Louis 15275 (BR 11426–77).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 12–17 mm diam, convex to plano-convex; disc and margin smooth to rugulose; surface, dry, glabrous; orangish red or orange. Context thin, buff. Lamellae subfree, close, narrow, white to buff (5 A 4–5), non-marginate. Stipe 30–49 × 1 mm, central, cylindrical, hollow; surface pruinose; apex cream to yellow, becoming orange (7 C – E 7–8) to brown (6D7) towards the base. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (6.4–) 8–11.2 × 3.2–4.8 μm [x m = 9.08 ± 1.08 × 4.04 ± 0.33 μm; Q = 1.67–2.80; Q m = 2.26 ± 0.14, n = 25, s = 1], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 16.8–17.6 × 7.2 μm, clavate, 4- spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidioles 8–15.2 × 3.2–6.4 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia of two types of cells: 1) Siccus - type broom cells with main body 8–17.6 × 6–12 μm, clavate to cylindrical or irregular, hyaline, inamyloid, apically thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–10.4 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, hyaline to golden brown, inamyloid, thick-walled; 2) interspersed non-setulose cells, clavate, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 8–20.8 × 3.2–9.6 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, cylindrical or irregular, seldom 2–3-lobed, smooth, hyaline to brown, inamyloid, apically thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–12.8 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, erect, obtuse, pale brown to hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–12 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 3.2–19.2 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, pale yellowish brown to hyaline, weakly dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2.4–12 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, pale yellowish brown to hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 2.4–9.6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia 11.2–24 × 5.6–7.2 μm, versiform, clavate to lageniform or irregular, seldom lobed, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary on leaves of Cryptocarya (Lauraceae). Africa (Cameroon, DR Congo, Ghana, Ivory coast, Uganda), Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, District Ifanadiana, Commune Ranomafana, Ranomafana National Park, Piste B, elev. 1004 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.413’ S, 47˚ 25.253’ E, 22 January 2014, J. E. Shay 164 (SFSU); Ranomafana National Park, by the river, January 2013, Lockwood 2132268 W250 (SFSU); Andasibe, moist mountain forest, 12 February 1997, leg. B. Buyck, G. Eyssartier and P.- A. Moreau, Buyck 97.425 (PC).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius corrugatiformis is characterized by a relatively small (12–17 mm), rugulose, reddish orange to orange pileus, close, non-marginate lamellae, a pruinose stipe with cream-yellow apex and brownish orange base, basidiospores with mean 9 × 4 μm, Siccus - type cheilocystidia plus a few smooth, clavate cells interspersed, simple, broadly rounded, cylindrical to clavate caulocystidia, and a lack of Siccus - type broom cells on the stipe. It is similar to M. katangensis Singer, but the latter has only one type of cheilocystidia (Siccus - type), and two types of caulocystidia (broom cells and simple cylindrical cells). Repeated attempts to generate ITS sequences from JES 164 were unsuccessful; however, an ITS sequence of Madagascar material determined as M. corrugatiformis (Buyck 97.425, KX 148981) formed a clade with several sequences of M. corrugatiformis from São Tomé (KX 953756, KX 953757) but with low support (Fig. 1b).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87662FFB7FF5A1349B52BFA43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8765DFFB6FF5A129CB528F7FC.text	03B587A8765DFFB6FF5A129CB528F7FC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius katangensis Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux.	<div><p>24. Marasmius katangensis Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 34: 375. 1964. (Fig. 16, Plate 6)</p> <p>Type:— DR CONGO. Shaba Province, Kipopo, 10 January 1961, M. C. Schmitz–Levecq 315 (BR 11476–30).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 6–16 mm diam, plano-convex to umbonate, with a dark brown papilla; margin striate; surface dry, glabrous; dark orangish brown to orange (6 B –D6–8). Context thin, light brown (6 B 3). Lamellae adnate, close with 6 series of lamellulae, narrow (0.7–1.5 mm), cream (5 A 2), non-marginate. Stipe 16–50 × 1–2 mm diam, central, cylindrical, hollow; surface pruinose; apex orangish white (5 A 3–4), centrally yellow (5 B 6), base orangish brown to brown (6D6–8). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores 7.2–8.8 × 3.2–4.8 μm [x m = 7.79 ± 0.48 × 3.99 ± 0.38 μm; Q = 1.67–2.50; Q m = 1.97 ± 0.21, n = 25, s = 1], ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 16–23.2 × 7.2 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 2.4–4.8 × 0.8–1.6 μm. Basidioles 13.6–24.8 × 4–5.6 μm, clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia abundant, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 9.6–23.2 × 4.8–7.2 μm, clavate or irregular, seldom 2-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, apically thick-walled; apical setulae 3.2–8.8 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, light yellowish brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus- type broom cells; main body 8–15.2 × 7.2–8 μm, clavate or irregular, seldom 2-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 2.4–20 × 0.8–1.6 μm, 7–9 setulae per cell, cylindrical to conical, light yellowish brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–12.8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, strongly dextrinoid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 3.2–6.4 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, strongly dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 4–9.6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 3.2–14.4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia of two types; 1) scattered Siccus- type broom cells; main body 10.4–20 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate or irregular, seldom lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–14.4 × 0.8–2.4 μm, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled; 2) smooth non-setulose cystidia with main body 20.8–48 × 7.2–11.2 μm, clavate to cylindrical or irregular, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or in small clusters on wood and leaf litter of undetermined trees. Africa (Benin, DR Congo, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda), Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Analamanga, District Ankazobe, Commune Ambatoharanama, Ambohitantely Forest Reserve, Sentier Botanique, elev. 1574 m, GPS: 18˚ 11.504’ S, 47˚ 17.074’ E, 6 February 2014, J. E. Shay 227 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius katangensis has a centrally rugulose, dark orangish brown pileus with orange margin, close lamellae, a pruinose stipe with two types of caulocystidia, relatively small basidiospores with mean 7.8 × 4.0 μm, no pleurocystidia, and no setae. Morphologically, the species is similar to M. corrugatiformis, but the latter has cheilocystidia of two types, and caulocystidia of only one type (non-setulose, cylindrical to clavate). JES 227, determined here as M. katangensis, is easily confused with Madagascar material determined by Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006) as M. corrugatiformis (KX 148981), but ITS sequences clearly distinguish the two (Fig. 1a).</p> <p>Based solely on ITS data, JES 227 (KX 148991) is basal to a clade containing M. occultatiformis Antonín, Ryoo &amp; H.D. Shin, described from Korea on detritus of Acer and Juglans. Morphologically, JES 227 is very similar to M. occultatiformis, differing primarily in the latter species having a glabrous stipe lacking caulocystidia; other features are indistinguishable.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8765DFFB6FF5A129CB528F7FC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8765FFFB4FF5A1339B77EF8DB.text	03B587A8765FFFB4FF5A1339B77EF8DB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius sokola J. E. Shay & Desjardin 2017	<div><p>25. Marasmius sokola J.E. Shay &amp; Desjardin, sp. nov. (Fig. 17)</p> <p>MycoBank no.: MB 818621</p> <p>Holotype:— MADAGASCAR. Commune Ranomafana, District Ifanadiana, Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, Ranomafana National Park, 22 Jan. 2014, J. E. Shay 154 (SFSU).</p> <p>Etymology:— sokola –Malagasy for chocolate, referring the dark chocolate brown colored basidiomes.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 20 mm diam, campanulate; disc rugulose; margin sulcate; surface dull, glabrous; dark brown (5E7). Context thin. Lamellae subfree, distant (11), no lamellulae, broad (4 mm), light grey (5C3), with brown edges. Stipe 45 × 1 mm, central, cylindrical, hollow, pliant; surface glabrous; dark greyish brown (6F4). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (16.8–) 18.4–23.2 (–26.4) × 4–4.8 μm [x m = 21.93 ± 2.36 × 4.40 ± 0.40 μm; Q = 3.50–6.40; Q m = 5.03 ± 1.20, n = 25, s =1], subcylindrical to subfusoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 32.8– 46.4 × 6.4–8 μm, clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidioles 29.6–42.4 × 7.2–8.8 μm, clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia abundant, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 14.4–22.4 × 6.4–8.8 μm, clavate to subglobose or irregular, seldom 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–13.6 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, often branched, brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 8.8–22.4 × 5.6–10.4 μm, cylindrical to clavate or irregular, seldom 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–9.6 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, hyaline to brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 2.4–17.6 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, rough, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 3.2–8.8 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3.2–11.2 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, pale greenish brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 2.4–12.8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline to pale brown, inamyloid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present. Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary on woody sticks of Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae). Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR.Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany,District Ifanadiana,Commune Ranomafana, Ranomafana National Park, Piste B, elev. 1004 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.413’ S, 47˚ 25.253’ E, 22 January 2014, J.E. Shay 154 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius sokola is characterized by a dark brown, smooth to rugulose pileus 20 mm diam, distant (11), broad (4 mm), brown-marginate lamellae, a glabrous, dark brown stipe 45 mm long, basidiospores with mean 21.9 × 4.4 μm (Q = 5.0), basidia 32–46 μm long, Siccus - type cheilocystidia and pileipellis cells with brown setulae up to 12 μm long, no pleurocystidia or caulocystidia, and growth on woody dicotyledonous debris. The new species shows closest phenetic similarity to M. carcharus Singer, M. selangorensis Y.S. Tan &amp; Desjardin, and M. mazatecus Singer. Marasmius carcharus, described from the DR Congo, differs in a pinkish brown pileus, broader (6–7 mm), non-marginate lamellae, cheilocystidia with shorter apical setulae (up to 8 μm), and growth on dicotyledonous leaves (Antonín 2007). Marasmius selangorensis, described from Malaysia, differs in a paler brown pileus with pink tones, narrower and more numerous (12–18) lamellae, and growth on dead dicotyledonous leaves (Tan et al. 2009); its micromorphology is indistinguishable from M. sokola. ITS sequences of two specimens of M. selangorensis from Malaysia (Fig. 1a), however, show only 70% similarity to JES 154 (KX148994) (Fig. 1b) and are distant in the ITS phylogeny. Marasmius mazatecus, described from Mexico, differs in an orange-ferruginous pileus, fewer (9) and narrower (2 mm) lamellae with orange-ferruginous edges, a shorter (20 mm) stipe, and slightly shorter basidiospores (17–21 μm) (Singer 1976). Marasmius sokola is on a long branch in the ITS phylogeny, sister to M. imitarius Wannathes, Desjardin &amp; Lumyong, a species described from Thailand.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8765FFFB4FF5A1339B77EF8DB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8765EFFB4FF5A1024B602F7C8.text	03B587A8765EFFB4FF5A1024B602F7C8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius rammelooi Antonin, Mycotaxon	<div><p>26. Marasmius rammelooi Antonín, Mycotaxon 89(2): 410. 2004</p> <p>Type:— MAURITIUS. Trou d’ eau douce, 10 June 1990, leg. J. Rammeloo 9251 (BR 6902-15).</p> <p>For descriptions and illustrations of Madagascar material, refer to Antonín (2004a) and Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Material was not available for sequencing.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8765EFFB4FF5A1024B602F7C8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87659FFB2FF5A17E9B481FE18.text	03B587A87659FFB2FF5A17E9B481FE18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius megistus Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux.	<div><p>27. Marasmius megistus Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 34: 356. 1964. (Fig. 18, Plate 7)</p> <p>Type:— DR CONGO. Binga, 7 May 1928, M. Goossens–Fontana 733 (BR 11492–46).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 6.5–15 mm diam, campanulate; margin deeply sulcate; surface dry, glabrous; disc yellowish grey (4 B 2), sulcae pale violet brown (10 E 4) to reddish grey (10 B 2), ridges and margin buff (4 A 2) to cream (4 A 3). Context thin. Lamellae subfree, distant (14) broad (1–2 mm wide), buff (4 A 2), non-marginate. Stipe 104–115 × 1–2 mm, central, cylindrical, hollow; surface glabrous; brownish grey (10D2) to brownish red (10 E 6). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (26.4–) 29.6–32.8 (–40) × 4.8–7.2 μm [x mr = 30.7–34.2 × 5.8–6.7 μm; x mm = 32.44 ± 2.49 × 6.23 ± 0.66 μm; Q = 2.8–6.8; Q mr = 5.09–5.33; Q mm = 5.21 ± 0.17, n = 2–27, s =2], narrowly ellipsoid to clavate, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 18.4–57 × 5.6–10.4 μm, clavate to fusoid,</p> <p>hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia evenly distributed, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 16–25.6</p> <p>× 4.8–9.6 μm, clavate or irregular, 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–8 × 0.8–1.6 μm,</p> <p>cylindrical to conical, sometimes branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis not mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 16–32 × 6.4–10.4 μm, clavate or irregular, hyaline,</p> <p>inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 2.4–8 × 0.8–3.2 μm, few per cell, broadly conical to cylindrical or utriform,</p> <p>seldom branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–8 μm diam, cylindrical smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2–7.2 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated,</p> <p>smooth, hyaline to pale yellow, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 1.6–8 μm diam,</p> <p>parallel, cylindrical, smooth, pale yellow, green brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 1.6–9.6 μm diam,</p> <p>parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary on dicotyledonous leaves. Africa (Burundi, Cameroon, DR</p> <p>Congo, Tanzania, Uganda), Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR.Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany,District Ifanadiana, Commune Ranomafana,</p> <p>Ranomafana National Park, Piste B, elev. 1004 m, GPS: 21˚ 15.413’ S, 47˚ 25.253’ E, 22 January 2014, J. E. Shay 163 (TAN); Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, District Ifanadiana, Commune Ranomafana, February 2013, T. Lockwood 2132155 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius megistus forms some of the largest basidiospores in the genus. The Madagascan material is distinguished by a relatively small (up to 15 mm diam) sulcate striped pileus with violet-brown sulcae and cream ridges, distant non-marginate lamellae, a very long (up to 115 mm) glabrous stipe, basidiospores in the range 29.6–40 × 4.8–7.2 μm, no pleurocystidia, Siccus - type broom cells with few setulae, and growth singly on dicotyledonous leaves. Antonín (2007) reports the species as forming a larger pileus (26–50 mm diam) but in all other respects the specimens from Madagascar match those reported from tropical Africa. ITS sequences of two Madagascan specimens (KX148992, KX148993) are sister to a specimen from São Tomé (KX953750) with strong support (100% BS, 1.0 PP; Fig. 1a).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87659FFB2FF5A17E9B481FE18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87658FFB0FF5A1565B686FF38.text	03B587A87658FFB0FF5A1565B686FF38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius bambusiniformis Singer, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr.	<div><p>28. Marasmius bambusiniformis Singer, Fl. Neotrop. Monogr. 17: 167. 1976. (Fig. 19, Plate 7)</p> <p>Type:— ECUADOR. Napo, Lago Agrio, 16 May 1973, Singer B 7480 (F!)</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 4–5 mm diam, convex to campanulate; margin smooth to sulcate; surface dull, dry, glabrous; reddish orange becoming more orange towards the margin (6 C – E 8). Context thin, white. Lamellae adnate, distant (12–17), no lamellulae, not intervenose, narrow; white with reddish brown edges. Stipe 25–30 × 0.5–1 mm, central, cylindrical, hollow, wiry; surface glabrous, apex white (3 A 3), grading to brownish orange (6 C – E 5–8) at the base. Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (14.4–) 16–18.4 × 3.2–4 μm [x m = 16.35 ± 1.44 × 3.46 ± 0.36 μm; Q = 4–5.75; Q m = 4.76 ± 0.57, n = 25, s = 1], narrowly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 19.2–24 × 5.6– 7.2 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia numerous, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 9.6–14.4 × 5.6–10.4 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, seldom 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, apically thick-walled; apical setulae 1.6–7.2 × 0.8 μm, dense, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia absent. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 10.4–17.6 × 6.4–8 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, seldom 2–3-lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, apically thick-walled; apical setulae 1.6– 4.8 × 0.8 μm, dense, cylindrical to conical, pale yellowish brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 1.6–16.8 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 1.6–8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 1.6–4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, dark brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 2.4–8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat, and known distribution:—Solitary on stems of Uapaca (Phyllanthaceae). Malaysia, Madagascar, Papua New Guinea, South America (Brazil. Ecuador), Thailand, United States (Florida).</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Alaotra-Mangoro, District Moramanga, Commune Andasibe, Vohimana Forest, Piste 5, elev. 844 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.422’ S, 48˚ 30.201’ E, 27 January 2014, J. E. Shay 199 (TAN).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius bambusiniformis was described originally from Ecuador (Singer 1976), and subsequently reported from Papua New Guinea (Desjardin &amp; Horak 1997), Malaysia (Tan et al. 2009) and Thailand (Wannathes et al. 2009a). Distinctive features include a small (3–10 mm diam), obtusely conical, striate, reddish orange pileus, distant (12–17) lamellae with reddish orange edges, a glabrous, non-insititious stipe lacking caulocystidia, no pleurocystidia, Siccus - type broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves and twigs. The material from Madagascar (JES 199) matches nicely that reported from Southeast Asia and Papua New Guinea, and ITS sequences support this determination.</p> <p>Marasmius conicoparvus Antonín, C. Sharp &amp; Stubbe is quite similar, differing primarily in forming non-marginate lamellae and slightly shorter basidiospores (13–16 μm); this may represent the same taxon as what we report from Madagascar, but until more material becomes available for comparison and sequencing, we prefer to recognize the Madagascan taxon as M. bambusiniformis. Marasmius berteroi (Lév.) Murr. described from Puerto Rico, and reported from Indonesia (Desjardin et al. 2000), is similar but has non-marginate lamellae and shorter basidiospores (12–16 μm). An ITS sequence of JES 199 (KX 148990) is sister to a Thai specimen of M. bambusiniformis (EU 935521) and together are sister to M. berteroi (FJ 917632) (Fig. 1a)</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87658FFB0FF5A1565B686FF38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A8765AFFBFFF5A16D5B742F9BC.text	03B587A8765AFFBFFF5A16D5B742F9BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr., Epicr. Syst. Mycol. (Upsaliae	<div><p>29. Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr., Epicr. Syst. Mycol. (Upsaliae): 382. 1838 (1836–1838). (Fig. 20, Plate 8)</p> <p>Type:— BRAZIL. Not preserved. Neotype. Guanabara, Jardin Botånico, 28 January 1961, R. Singer C 3172 (BAFC).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 2–12 mm diam, convex to campanulate, umbilicate with age, with or without a papilla; margin sulcate to plicate; surface dry, glabrous; buff (5 A 2) with pale orangish pink tones (6–7 A 3–4), or pinkish purple (11 C – D5–6) to dull reddish purple (9D– E 5–8). Context thin, cream to buff. Lamellae subfree to adnexed, distant (10–13), narrow; buff to pale beige with pink tones, non-marginate. Stipe 12–25 × 0.1–0.2 mm, central, cylindrical or wiry, hollow; surface glabrous; apex white to light orange (5 B 5), base brownish orange (6 C 6) to light brown or dark brown (9 F 8). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores (13.6–) 16–22 × 3.2–4.8 μm [x mr = 17.1–20.9 × 3.6–4.1 μm; x mm = 18.71 ± 1.7 × 3.84 ± 0.3 μm; Q = 3.7–7.0; Q mr = 4.80–5.08; Q mm = 4.93 ± 0.1, n = 9–25, s = 4], narrowly fusiform to elongate-ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 16–30.4 × 5.6–8.8 μm, clavate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia abundant, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 6.4–24 × 4.8–8.8 μm, clavate to subglobose, cylindrical or irregular, seldom lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–7.2 × 0.8–1.6 μm, conical to cylindrical, obtuse, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia 20.8–68 × 7.2–15.2 μm, clavate to fusoid, lecythiform or lageniform, some strangulate, rarely apically bilobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 6.4–24 × 4.8–9.6 μm, clavate to subglobose, cylindrical or irregular, seldom lobed, hyaline to light brown, inamyloid, thin-walled or apically thick-walled; apical setulae 0.5–8 × 0.5–2.4 μm, conical to cylindrical, obtuse, hyaline to light brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 2.4–9.6 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–8.8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, weakly dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2.4–9.6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline to light yellow brown, dextrinoid, thin-walled; medullary hyphae 2.4–15.2 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat, and known distribution:—Solitary, scattered on leaves of Aframomium angustifolium (Zingiberaceae), Psorospermum (Clusiaceae), Uapacca densifolia (Phyllanthaceae), Mammea (Calophyllaceae) and Garcinia (Clusiaceae). Pantropical: Africa (Cameroon, DR Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe), Caribbean region, Indonesia (Java), Madagascar, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, South America (Brazil, Argentina), Sri Lanka, Thailand.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Alaotra-Mangoro, District Moramanga, Commune Andasibe, Vohimana Forest, Piste 5, elev. 844 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.422’ S, 48˚ 30.201’ E, 27 January 2014, J. E. Shay 193 (SFSU); Region Vatovavy-Fitovinany, District Ifanadiana, Commune Ranomafana, City of Ranomafana near riverbed next to Forest Service Station, elev. ~ 900 m, 20 January 2014, J. E. Shay 110 (SFSU), same region Ranomafana National Park, Circuit Vohipara, elev. 1062 m, GPS: 21˚ 14.255’ S, 47˚ 23.409’ E, 21 January 2014, J. E. Shay 142 (SFSU); Region Atsinanana, District Brickaville, Commune Andevoranto, Andavakimena Forest, elev. 1 m, GPS 18˚ 53.231’ S, 49˚ 7.490’ E, 28 January 2014, J. E. Shay 202 (SFSU); Melville oil palm plantation, near Tamatave, 24 February 2000, B. Buyck 00.1820 (PC).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius haematocephalus has been reported from tropical habitats around the world and probably represents a complex of species. Wannathes et al. (2009a) reported multicolored forms from Thailand, with pilei ranging from yellowish white to olive, red, violet, greyish blue and brown, or a combination of many of these pigments, all of which grouped in a well-supported clade with 1.0 PP and 99% BS support. The typical form of the species, described originally from southern Brazil, has a reddish purple to blood red pileus, clavate basidiospores in the range 14–20 × 3.5–5 μm, conspicuous pleurocystidia, and grows on leaves and twigs (Singer 1976). Our material from Madagascar forms sulcate, pink to pinkish purple pilei, distant (10–12), non-marginate lamellae, a glabrous, non-insititious stipe, basidiospores with mean range 17.1–20.9 × 3.6–4.1 μm, strangulate pleurocystidia, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves. It matches well with the material reported from Madagascar by Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006), and their ITS sequences (KX 148977, KX148984, KX148985, KX148986, KX 148987) form a well-supported clade (99% BS, 1.0 PP; Fig. 1b) with several sequences of M. haematocephalus from Thailand (EU 935527, EU 935532).</p> <p>Specimen JES 142 (KX 148987) shows some differences with the other Madagascar specimens in forming slightly longer basidiospores with mean 20.8 × 4.1 μm, faintly reddish purple lamellar edges near the pileus margin, and an ITS sequence that is only 94% similar to other specimens in the well-supported M. haematocephalus clade. JES 142 consists of only a single basidiome with a reddish purple pileus, and until additional material becomes available, it is accepted as belonging to the M. haematocephalus complex.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A8765AFFBFFF5A16D5B742F9BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87655FFBEFF5A11C1B650F80C.text	03B587A87655FFBEFF5A11C1B650F80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius tanaensis J. E. Shay & Desjardin 2017	<div><p>30. Marasmius tanaensis J.E. Shay &amp; Desjardin sp. nov. (Fig. 21, Plate 8)</p> <p>MycoBank no.: MB 818618</p> <p>Holoype:— MADAGASCAR. Region Analamanga, City of Antananarivo, Parc Botanique de Zoologique (P.B.Z.T.), near the garden of Crops Wild and Relatives (CWR), elev. 1270 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.530’ S, 47˚ 31.350’ E, 8 Feb. 2014, J.E. Shay 220 (SFSU).</p> <p>Etymology:— tana-ensis –occurring in “tana”, the local name for Antananarivo where the holotype specimen was collected.</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 1–3 mm diam, convex to hemispherical; margin smooth to striate; surface dull, dry, glabrous; light orange (6A4) to orange (6B6). Context thin, pale orangish pink to light orange (6A3–4). Lamellae adnexed, subdistant (14–15), no lamellulae, narrow (&lt;0.3 mm); white, non-marginate. Stipe 1–22 × 0.1–0.5 mm, central, cylindrical, wiry, hollow; surface glabrous; white at apex, becoming brownish orange (6B–C4-6) to brown (6E7) at the base. Odor and taste not distinct.</p> <p>Basidiospores 11.2–16 × (3.2–) 4–4.8 (–5.6) μm [x m = 13.37 ± 1.41 × 4.26 ± 0.49 μm; Q = 2.43–5.0; Q m = 3.19 ± 0.26, n = 31, s =1], broadly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia 22.4 × 5.6–6.4 μm clavate, 4-spored, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; sterigmata 2.4–3.2 × 0.8 μm. Basidioles 8.8–28.8 × 4.8–7.2 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia abundant, of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 16–29.6 × 4–8 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, seldom 2–3 lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–4 × 0.8, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, hyaline to light brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia 22–48 × 6–9.5 μm, utriform to fusiform, mucronate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 12–16.8 × 4.8–9.6 μm, clavate to broadly clavate, seldom 2–3 lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–5.6 × 0.8–1.6 μm, clustered, cylindrical to conical, seldom branching, light brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 2.4–12 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 3.2–8.8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 2.4–6.4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, pale light brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 3.2–8.8 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Clustered on bamboo debris. Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR.Region Analamanga,City of Antananarivo, Parc Botanique de Zoologique (P.B.Z.T.), near the garden of Crops Wild and Relatives (CWR), elev. 1270 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.530’ S, 47˚ 31.350’ E, 8 February 2014, J.E. Shay 220 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius tanaensis forms tiny (1–3 mm diam), smooth to striate, orange pilei, subdistant (14–15), non-marginate lamellae, a short (up to 22 mm), glabrous, white (upper half) to brown (base) stipe that grows on bamboo debris, basidiospores with mean 13.4 × 4.3 μm, narrow (6–9.5 μm), mucronate pleurocystidia, Siccus -type cheilocystidia and pileipellis cells, and no caulocystidia. The small orange pilei and growth on bamboo debris is similar to M. bambusinus (Fr.) Fr., described from Brazil, but the latter forms fewer lamellae (6–13), longer basidiospores (13.8–22 μm), and broader pleurocystidia (8–12.5 μm diam) (Singer 1976). We were unable to obtain a quality ITS sequence from the holotype specimen.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87655FFBEFF5A11C1B650F80C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87657FFBDFF5A15D1B7DCFC80.text	03B587A87657FFBDFF5A15D1B7DCFC80.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius confertus var. parvisporus Antonin. Mycotaxon	<div><p>33. Marasmius cf. confertus var. parvisporus Antonín. Mycotaxon 89: 401. 2004</p> <p>Type:— KENYA. Central Province, Nairobi District, Thika Fall, 16 March 1968, D.N. Pegler K101 (K(M) 8833).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascan material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Repeated attempts to sequence material from collection Buyck 99.424 (PC) were unsuccessful.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87657FFBDFF5A15D1B7DCFC80	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87657FFBDFF5A16D5B7DCFD8C.text	03B587A87657FFBDFF5A16D5B7DCFD8C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius eyssartieri Antonin & Buyck, Fungal Diversity	<div><p>32. Marasmius eyssartieri Antonín &amp; Buyck, Fungal Diversity 23: 42. 2006</p> <p>Type:— MADAGASCAR. Sainte Lucie, near Fort Dauphin, 27 Jan. 1999, leg. B. Buyck &amp; G. Eyssartier, Buyck 99.375 (PC!).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascan material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Repeated attempts to sequence material from collection Buyck 99.375 (PC) were unsuccessful.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87657FFBDFF5A16D5B7DCFD8C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87657FFBCFF5A14DDB623FEC0.text	03B587A87657FFBCFF5A14DDB623FEC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius ferruginoides (SH) Antonin Mycotaxon 2004	<div><p>34. Marasmius ferruginoides Antonín Mycotaxon 89(2): 399–422. 2004. (Fig. 22, Plate 8)</p> <p>Type:— DR CONGO. Tshopo Province, Kisangani, forest near Zoo, 2 May 1984, B. Buyck 1615 (BR 11731–91).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 7–9 mm diam, campanulate, umbilicate; margin smooth to rugulose; surface dry, glabrous; orange to reddish orange (8 C 7). Context thin, orangish red. Lamellae adnexed, close (17–20) with 3 series of lamellulae, narrow; yellowish white (3 A 3), non-marginate. Stipe 29–50 × 0.5–1 mm, central, cylindrical, wiry, hollow; surface glabrous; apex buff to cream (3 A 3), centrally light brown (5 B 6), base dark brown (6 C 4, 6 F 8). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores 10.4–12.8 × 4–4.8 μm [x m = 11.52 ± 1.07 × 4.48 ± 0.44 μm; Q = 2.17–3.20; Q m = 2.61 ± 0.48, n =5, s =1], narrowly ellipsoid to oblong, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 17.6–29.6 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia scattered, of Siccus- type broom cells; main body 17.6–24.8 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate to cylindrical, 2–3 lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled; apical setulae 0.8–8.8 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical, seldom branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pleurocystidia few, 26.4–38.4 × 4.8–7.2 μm, subfusoid to subcylindrical, seldom lobed, often mucronate or capitate, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 15.2–20 × 5.6–7.2 μm, clavate to broadly clavate or irregular, light brown, inamyloid, apically thick-walled; apical setulae 1.6–5.6 × 0.8– 1.6 μm, conical, strict, often forked, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae 3.2–10.4 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thick-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–6.4 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 3.2–5.6 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, brown, dextrinoid, thick-walled; medullary hyphae 1.6–10.4 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat and known distribution:—Solitary or in gregarious clusters on leaves of Intsia bijuga (Fabaceae). Africa (Cameroon, DR Congo, Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria), Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR. Region Atsinanana, District Brickaville, Commune Andevoranto, Andavakimena Forest, elev. 8 m, GPS: 18˚ 53.082’ S, 49˚ 07.559’ E, 30 January 2014, J. E. Shay 209 (SFSU).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius ferruginoides is characterized by a relatively small (7–9 mm diam), campanulate, smooth to wrinkled,orange to reddish orange pileus, close (17–20),non-collariate,non-marginate lamellae, a glabrous stipe lacking caulocystidia, narrow (4.8–7.2 μm), mucronate pleurocystidia, Siccus - type broom cells, and growth on dicotyledonous leaves. Antonín (2004) established M. ferruginoides for African material determined by Pegler (1977) as M. gardneri Singer (= M. ferrugineus (Berk.) Berk. &amp; M.A. Curtis, a different species from Brazil), and subsequently reported the species from Cameroon, DR Congo, Ghana, Kenya, and Nigeria (Antonín 2007). The Madagascan specimen (JES 209) reported here differs from continental specimens in forming a more reddish orange pileus (rather than yellowish orange). Antonín and Buyck (2006) reported M. confertus var. parvisporus from Madagascar, and our material of M. ferruginioides would key there, but the former has smaller pilei (up to 3 mm diam), fewer lamellae (15), and shorter basidiospores (8.5–12 μm long). An ITS sequence of JES 209 (KX 148983) places M. ferruginoides in an isolated position in the ITS phylogeny (Fig. 1a).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87657FFBCFF5A14DDB623FEC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87657FFBDFF5A17E9B7DCFE88.text	03B587A87657FFBDFF5A17E9B7DCFE88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius grandisetulosus Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux.	<div><p>31. Marasmius (cf.) grandisetulosus Singer, Bull. Jard. Bot. État Brux. 34: 379. 1964</p> <p>Type:— DR CONGO. Kivu, Panzi, November 1948, M. Goossens-Fontana 5076 (BR 11460–14).</p> <p>For a description and illustrations of Madagascan material, refer to Antonín &amp; Buyck (2006). Repeated attempts to sequence material from collection Buyck 97.004 (PC) were unsuccessful.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87657FFBDFF5A17E9B7DCFE88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
03B587A87656FFBBFF5A13DEB798F7CF.text	03B587A87656FFBBFF5A13DEB798F7CF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Marasmius hinnuleus Berk. & M. A. Curtis, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.	<div><p>35. Marasmius hinnuleus Berk. &amp; M.A. Curtis, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 10(45): 297. 1868 (1869). (Fig. 23, Plate 8)</p> <p>Type:— CUBA. On dead leaves, October, Wright 155 (K).</p> <p>Description:— Pileus 6–8 mm diam, campanulate to hemispherical, some with a small umbo; margin sulcate; surface dry, rugulose around disc, glabrous along margin; disc dark brown (6 E 6), ferruginous to brownish orange or reddish brown (6 E 7–D6–7) elsewhere. Context thin (&lt;1 mm), white. Lamellae adnate, distant (15–17), no lamellulae, broad, not intervenose; cream to buff (4 A 2–3), edges ferruginous or non-marginate. Stipe 33–52 × 0.5 mm, central, cylindrical, wiry, hollow; surface glabrous; apex light brown (5D5), base dark brown (6 F 8). Odor and taste not distinctive.</p> <p>Basidiospores 10.4–13.6 × 2.4–4 μm [x m = 12.13 ± 0.94 × 3.24 ± 0.49 μm; Q = 3–5; Q m = 3.82 ± 0.45, n = 25, s =1], fusoid to oblong or narrowly ellipsoid, smooth, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Basidia not observed. Basidioles 22.4–25.6 × 5.6–8 μm, clavate to fusoid, hyaline, inamyloid, thin-walled. Cheilocystidia of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 12–23.2 × 4.8–7.2 μm, clavate to cylindrical, hyaline, inamyloid, apically thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8– 7.2 × 0.8–1.6 μm, cylindrical to conical or irregular, seldom branched, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pleurocystidia 36–47.2 × 7–10 μm, common, subcylindrical to fusoid, some mucronate, hyaline, inamyloid, refractive, thin-walled. Pileipellis mottled, a hymeniform layer of Siccus - type broom cells; main body 8–16.8 × 4–7.2 μm, clavate, seldom 2–3 lobed, hyaline, inamyloid, thick-walled; apical setulae 0.8–4.8 × 0.8–1.6, cylindrical to conical, light brown to brown, inamyloid, thick-walled. Pileus trama interwoven; hyphae, 2.4–8 μm diam, cylindrical, smooth, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Lamellar trama regular; hyphae 2.4–8.8 μm diam, cylindrical to inflated, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Stipe tissue monomitic; cortical hyphae 4.8–7.2 μm diam, parallel, cylindrical, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled; medullary hyphae 4–7.2 μm, cylindrical, parallel, hyaline, dextrinoid, thin-walled. Caulocystidia absent. Clamp connections present.</p> <p>Habit, habitat, and known distribution:—Solitary or in small clusters on bamboo debris in groomed park. Cuba, Guadeloupe, Madagascar.</p> <p>Material examined:— MADAGASCAR.Region Analamanga,City of Antananarivo, Parc Botanique de Zoologique (P. B. Z. T.), near the garden of Crops Wild and Relatives (CWR), elev. 1270 m, GPS: 18˚ 55.530’ S, 47˚ 31.350’ E, 8 February 2014, J. E. Shay 217 (TAN).</p> <p>Notes:— Marasmius hinnuleus, described originally from Cuba, is characterized by a small (&lt;10 mm diam), sulcate, brownish orange to reddish brown pileus, distant (15–17), non-marginate lamellae, a non-insititious, glabrous stipe lacking caulocystidia, refractive, often mucronate pleurocystidia 7–10 μm diam, Siccus - type broom cells, and growth on dead leaves. The Madagascan specimen matches quite closely material reported from the Caribbean (Singer 1976, Pegler 1983). The species shows similarities to M. hypophaeus Berk. &amp; M.A. Curtis, M. confertus Berk. &amp; Broome, M. suthepensis, and M. ferrugineus (Berk.) Berk. &amp; M.A. Curtis. Marasmius hypophaeus forms fewer lamellae (11–13) with brownish orange edges, a smaller stipe (23–35 mm long), larger basidiospores (x = 17.2 × 4.0 μm) and strangulate pleurocystidia (Desjardin et al. 2000, Wannathes et al. 2009a). Marasmius confertus and M. suthepensis have nearly smooth pilei and more numerous lamellae with multiple series of lamellulae (Antonín 2007, Wannathes et al. 2009a). Marasmius ferrugineus forms a paler pileus, has fewer lamellae (8–10) and larger basidiospores (x = 17.0 × 4.0 μm) (Singer 1976, Desjardin et al. 2000). An ITS sequence of JES 217 (KX 148988) places M. hinnuleus in a clade with M. hypophaeus and M. grandisetulosus with 89% BS and 1.0 PP support (Fig. 1a).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B587A87656FFBBFF5A13DEB798F7CF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Shay, Jackie E.;Desjardin, Dennis E.;Perry, Brian A.;Grace, Chris L.;Newman, Danny S.	Shay, Jackie E., Desjardin, Dennis E., Perry, Brian A., Grace, Chris L., Newman, Danny S. (2017): Biodiversity and phylogeny of Marasmius (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from Madagascar. Phytotaxa 292 (2): 101-149, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.292.2.1
