taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B587A86417A03E3C3CD3E8FCFFE55E.taxon	description	(Fig. 1)	en	Hosagoudar, V. B., Riju, M. C. (2011): Three new fungi from Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (3): 1615-1619, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2641.1615-9, URL: http://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/1219
03B587A86417A03E3C3CD3E8FCFFE55E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: 02. viii. 2008, on leaves of Toddalia asiatica (L.) Lam. (Rutaceae), Cheriavalakkad, Silent Valley National Park, Palakkad, Kerala, India, coll. M. C. Riju et al. TBGT 4513 (holotype). Part of the collection has been deposited in HCIO, New Delhi, (MycoBank # 561021). Coloniae amphigenae, densae, velutinae, ad Date of publication (online): 26 March 2011 Date of publication (print): 26 March 2011 ISSN 0974 - 7907 (online) | 0974 - 7893 (print) Editor: Richard Mibey Manuscript details: Ms # o 2641 Received 07 December 2010 Final received 10 February 2011 Finally accepted 15 February 2011 Citation: Hosagoudar, V. B. & M. C. Riju (2011). Three new fungi from Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (3): 1615 - 1619. Copyright: © V. B. Hosagoudar & M. C. Riju 2011. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. JoTT allows unrestricted use of this article in any medium for non-profit purposes, reproduction and distribution by providing adequate credit to the authors and the source of publication. 3 mm diam., raro confluentes. Hyphae rectae, subrectae vel undulatae, plerumque opposite laxe ramosae, laxe vel arte reticulatae, cellulae 22 – 30 x 7 – 10 µm. Appressoria alternata, unilateralis, ad 10 % opposita, antrorsa vel subantrorsa, raro retrorsa, 12 – 25 µm longa; cellulae basilares cylindraceae vel cuneatae, 2 – 8 µm longae; cellulae apicales ovatae, globosae, integrae, 10 – 18 x 7 – 13 µm. Phialides appressoriis intermixtae, alternatae, oppositae, ampulliformes, 15 – 23 x 5 – 8 µm. Perithecia laxe aggregata ad coloniis centre, ad 210 µm diam.; cellulae peritheciales mammiformes vel conoideae, 17 – 28 µm longae; ascosporae oblongae vel ellipsoideae, 4 - septatae, constrictus ad septatae, 45 – 48 x 22 – 25 µm. Colonies amphigenous, dense, velvety, up to 3 mm diam., rarely confluent. Hyphae straight, substraight to undulating, branching mostly opposite at wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 22 – 30 x 7 – 10 µm. Appressoria alternate, unilateral, about 10 % opposite, antrorse to subantrorse, rarely retrorse, 12 – 25 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, 2 – 8 µm long; head cells ovate, globose, entire, 10 – 18 x 7 – 13 µm. Phialides mixed with appressoria, alternate, opposite, ampulliform, 15 – 23 x 5 – 8 µm. Perithecia loosely grouped at the centre of the colony, up to 210 µm in diam.; perithecial wallcells mammiform to conoid, 17 – 28 µm long; ascospores oblong to ellipsoidal, 4 - septate, constricted at the septa, 45 – 48 x 22 – 25 µm. Of the known species of the genus Asteridiella on Rutaceae, Asteridiella obesa (Speg.) Hansf. var. obesula (Speg.) Hansf. and A. fagaricola (Speg.) Hansf. var. zanthoxyli Hansf. having alternate and opposite appressoria (Hansford 1961). The present new species differs from the former taxon known on Esenbeckia latifolia from Paraguay in having perfectly rounded head cells of appressoria in contrast to rounded-angulose. It also differs from the latter taxon known on Zanthoxylum hymenale from Argentina in having only 10 % opposite appressoria in contrast to 90 % (Hansford 1961). The specific epithet is derived from the host genus. Acknowledgements: We thank the director, TBGRI, Palode for providing facilities and to Mr. T. Shaju, TBGRI, Palode for identifying the host plants. OPEN ACCESS | FREE DOWNLOAD a - Appressorium; b - Phialide; c - Ascospores; d - Perithecial wall cells	en	Hosagoudar, V. B., Riju, M. C. (2011): Three new fungi from Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (3): 1615-1619, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2641.1615-9, URL: http://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/1219
03B587A86415A03C3C3DD0D1FC6FE054.taxon	description	(Fig. 2)	en	Hosagoudar, V. B., Riju, M. C. (2011): Three new fungi from Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (3): 1615-1619, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2641.1615-9, URL: http://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/1219
03B587A86415A03C3C3DD0D1FC6FE054.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: 01. viii. 2008, on leaves of Clausena sp. (Rutaceae), Poochipara, Silent Valley National Park, Palakkad, Kerala, India, coll. M. C. Riju et al. TBGT 4514 (holotype). Part of the collection has been deposited in HCIO, New Delhi, (MycoBank # 561022). Coloniae amphigenae, densae, velutinae, ad 3 mm diam., dispersae vel confluentes. Hyphae rectae, flexuosae, opposite laxe ramosae, laxe vel arte reticulatae, cellulae 15 – 30 x 5 – 8 µm. Appressoria plerumque opposita, raro unilateralis, antrorsa vel subantrorsa, 17 – 23 µm longa; cellulae basilares cylindraceae vel cuneatae, 5 – 8 µm longae; cellulae apicales ovatae, oblongae, raro globosae, rectae vel curvulae, integrae, saepe sinuatae, truncatae ad apicem, 12 – 15 x 7 – 10 µm. Phialides appressoriis inter mixtus, oppositae, alternatae vel unilateralis, 15 – 20 x 7 – 10 a - Appressorium; b - Phialide; c - Apical portion of the mycelial setae; d - Ascospores µm. Setae myceliales simplices, rectae vel uncinatae ad portionio apicalis, acutae, obtusae vel 2 – 3 - dentatae ad apicem, ad 240 µm longae. Perithecia dispersa vel aggregata, ad 190 µm diam.; ascosporae oblongae vel cylindraceae, 4 - septatae, constrictus ad septatae, 37 – 40 x 15 – 20 µm. Colonies amphigenous, dense, velvety, up to 3 mm in diam., scatteredtoconfluent. Hyphaestraight, flexuous, branching opposite at wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 15 – 30 x 5 – 8 µm. Appressoria mostly opposite, rarely unilateral, antrorse to subantrorse, 17 – 23 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, 5 – 8 µm long; head cells ovate, oblong, rarely globose, straight to curved, entire, often sinuate, truncate at the apex, 12 – 15 x 7 – 10 µm. Phialides mixed with appressoria, opposite, alternate to unilateral, 15 – 20 x 7 – 10 µm. Mycelial setae simple, straight to uncinate at the apical portion, acute, obtuse to 2 – 3 - times dentate at the tip, up to 240 µm long. Perithecia scattered to grouped in the colonies, up to 190 µm in diam.; ascospores oblong to cylindrical, 4 - septate, constricted at the septum, 37 – 40 x 15 – 20 µm. This is the only species of the genus Meliola known on the members of the family Rutaceae having straight, curved to uncinate apical portion of the mycelial setae (Hansford 1961; Hosagoudar et al. 1996; Hu et al. 1996, 1999; Hosagoudar 1996, 2008; Hosagoudar & Agarwal 2008). The specific epithet is derived from the host genus.	en	Hosagoudar, V. B., Riju, M. C. (2011): Three new fungi from Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (3): 1615-1619, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2641.1615-9, URL: http://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/1219
03B587A86414A03B3EB2D291FDECE4F4.taxon	description	(Fig. 3)	en	Hosagoudar, V. B., Riju, M. C. (2011): Three new fungi from Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (3): 1615-1619, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2641.1615-9, URL: http://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/1219
03B587A86414A03B3EB2D291FDECE4F4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined: 01. viii. 2008, on leaves of Strombosia sp. (Olacaceae), Cheriavalakkad, Silent Valley National Park, Palakkad, Kerala, India, coll. sp. nov. a - Appressorium; b - Phialide; c - Apical portion of the mycelial setae; d - Ascospores M. C. Riju et al. TBGT 4515 (holotype). Part of the collection has been deposited in HCIO, New Delhi, (MycoBank # 561023). Coloniae amphigenae, plerumque hypophyllae, densae, velutinae, ad 4 mm diam., confluentes. Hyphae flexuosae vel undulatae, opposite vel alternatim acuteque vel laxe ramosae, laxe vel arte reticulatae, cellulae 15 – 25 x 5 – 10 µm. Appressoria alternata, opposita vel unilateralis, antrorsa vel subantrorsa, raro retrorsa, 17 – 28 µm longa; cellulae basilares cylindraceae vel cuneatae, 5 – 8 µm longae; cellulae apicales oblongae vel cylindraceae, rectae vel flexuosis curvulae, integrae, 10 – 20 x 5 – 8 µm. Phialides appressoriis intermixtus, alternatae, oppositae vel unilateralis, ampulliformes, 20 – 30 x 6 – 8 µm. Setae myceliales rectae vel curvulae, dispersae, acutae ad apicem, ad 720 µm longae; Perithecia dispersa, ad 240 µm diam.; ascosporae obovoideae, 4 - septatae, constrictus ad septatae, 50 – 55 x 20 – 23 µm. Colonies amphigenous, mostly hypophyllous, dense, velvety, up to 4 mm diam., confluent. Hyphae flexuous to undulate, branching opposite to alternate at acute to wide angles, loosely to closely reticulate, cells 15 – 25 x 5 – 10 µm. Appressoria alternate, opposite to unilateral, antrorse to subantrorse, rarely retrorse, 17 – 28 µm long; stalk cells cylindrical to cuneate, 5 – 8 µm long; head cells oblong to cylindrical, straight to flexuously curved, entire, 10 – 20 x 5 – 8 µm. Phialides mixed with appressoria, alternate, opposite to unilateral, ampulliform, 20 – 30 x 6 – 8 µm. Mycelial setae straight to curved, scattered, acute at the tip, up to 720 µm long; Perithecia scattered in the colonies, up to 240 µm in diam.; ascospores obovoidal, 4 - septate, constricted at the septa, 50 – 55 x 20 – 23 µm. Meliola strobosiae Hosag. et al. is known on Strombosia ceylonica from Kukke Subramanya, Karnataka (Hosagoudar 2008). However, the present new species differs from it in having narrow head cells (5 – 8 µm against 8 – 12 µm) and larger spores (50 – 55 x 20 – 23 against 36 – 40 x 15 – 17 µm). The specific epithet is derived from the host genus.	en	Hosagoudar, V. B., Riju, M. C. (2011): Three new fungi from Silent Valley National Park, Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (3): 1615-1619, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2641.1615-9, URL: http://threatenedtaxa.org/index.php/JoTT/article/view/1219
