taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B387A2FFF5F87DFF5DD59BEAFEDFE1.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, worker: HONDURAS, Olancho: 9 km N Catacamas, 14.93512 - 85.90739 ± 20 m, 1350 m, 11 May 2010, tropical montane forest, ex sifted leaf litter (R. S. Anderson # 2010 - 025) [CAS, unique specimen identifier CASENT 0629582]. Paratype (worker): same data, but 14.93849 - 85.90665 ± 20 m, 1440 m, 10 May 2010, mixed hardwood forest, ex sifted leaf litter (R. S. Anderson # 2010 - 022) [JTLC, CASENT 0629580]. Geographic range. Honduras.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFF5F87DFF5DD59BEAFEDFE1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Anterior labral lobe bilobed, with lateral lobule longer than medial lobule; masticatory margin of mandible with three teeth; squamiform setae of first gastral tergite abundant, short, 2 × longer than wide; HW 0.63 – 0.70.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFF5F87DFF5DD59BEAFEDFE1.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.63 – 0.70 (n = 3); mandible with three teeth on masticatory margin, second tooth from base largest; subapical tooth with distinct reclinate denticle at base; subapical tooth about 3 × as long as apical tooth; intercalary teeth distinct, one closest to apical tooth about half as long as apical tooth; labrum trapezoidal, anterior margin bilobed, lateral lobule triangular, longer than medial lobule, medial lobules rounded, flanking semicircular median notch; arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove distinctly impressed; propodeal tooth large, acute, infradental lamella wide and forming a secondary convex lobe below tooth; squamiform setae abundant on first gastral tergite, uniformly covering entire tergite; gastral setae relatively short, 2 × longer than wide, tapering evenly from apex to base. The queen and male are unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFF5F87DFF5DD59BEAFEDFE1.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in cloud forest, from 1300 – 1440 m elevation. It is known from two montane sites: Sierra de Agalta in eastern Honduras, where it is sympatric with R. therion, and Cusuco National Park in northwestern Honduras. The three known specimens are from Winkler samples of sifted leaf litter.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFF5F87DFF5DD59BEAFEDFE1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Referring to Robert S. Anderson, coleopterist extraordinaire.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFAF87CFF5DD604EA14DD32.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, worker: COSTA RICA, Heredia: 7 km SW Pto Viejo, 10.40389 - 84.03944 ± 500 m, 160 m, 4 Mar 2005, mature wet forest, ex sifted leaf litter (TEAM # AMI- 2 - W- 033 - 01) [CAS, unique specimen identifier CASENT 0629589]. Paratypes (workers): same data as holotype [USNM, CASENT 0629588; MCZC, INB 0003667720]. Geographic range. Costa Rica.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFAF87CFF5DD604EA14DD32.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Masticatory margin of mandible dominated by a single, blunt, peg-like tooth; tooth at base of subapical tooth, instead of being the small reclinate denticle typical of other species, is a distinct recurved tooth, directed posteriorly; first gastral tergite largely devoid of setae, with one pair of squamiform setae at posterolateral margins; first gastral sternite with pronounced median keel, this keel weak to absent in other species.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFAF87CFF5DD604EA14DD32.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.54 – 0.74 (n = 6); masticatory margin of mandible with single large blunt, in some almost capitate, tooth at about mid-length, a tiny denticle proximad, base of subapical tooth with prominent recurved acute tooth, directed posteriorly, subapical tooth shorter than width of mandible at base, about twice as long as apical tooth, only one intercalary tooth present, outer margin of mandible broadly flattened at base; labrum about as long as broad, with two long, bluntly rounded anterior lobes, sinus between them deep, length of anterolateral lobe longer than or about equal to distance from base of sinus to transverse carina at base of labrum; arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove strongly impressed; propodeal tooth small, at about midlength of posterior face of propodeum, infradental lamella very narrow; first gastral tergite largely devoid of setae, with one pair of squamiform setae at posterolateral margins; first gastral sternite with pronounced median keel. The queen and male are unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFAF87CFF5DD604EA14DD32.taxon	discussion	Comments. Workers of this species fall into two distinct size classes. Five specimens have HW 0.54 – 0.58. Four of these are from La Selva Biological Station (50 – 150 m elevation), all from different samples, and one is from a 500 m elevation site on the Barva Transect above La Selva. A series of three specimens from one miniWinkler sample (and thus probably from the same colony) have HW 0.74, longer and relatively thinner mesotibiae, and a more robust flattened mandibular base. These are from immediately adjacent to La Selva, at 160 m elevation. There is the potential that they are two cryptic species. The holotype and paratype were chosen from the one series of larger workers.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFAF87CFF5DD604EA14DD32.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in lowland rainforest, from 150 – 500 m elevation. All specimens are from Winkler samples of sifted leaf litter. It is rare: it occurred in three of 208 Project ALAS Berlese samples, and three of over 1500 TEAM project miniWinkler samples.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFAF87CFF5DD604EA14DD32.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The mandible looks like a bottle opener.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFBF87CFF5DD383EB9DD923.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, worker: GUATEMALA, Suchitepéquez: 5 km S Volcán Atitlán, 14.54074 - 91.18815 ± 35 m, 1400 m, 18 Jun 2009, cloud forest, ex sifted leaf litter (LLAMA # Wm-B- 09 - 2 - 07) [CAS, unique specimen identifier CASENT 0611854]. Paratypes (workers): same data as holotype but 5.5 km S Volcán Atitlán, 14.52857 - 91.19569 ± 200 m, 1070 m, 18 Jun 2009, riparian forest, ex sifted leaf litter (LLAMA # Wm-B- 09 - 2 - 08) [USNM, CASENT 0629577; MCZC, CASENT 0629578]. Geographic range. Guatemala.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFBF87CFF5DD383EB9DD923.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Anterior labral lobe bilobed or bidentate on each side of medial notch, with lateral lobule longer than medial lobule; masticatory margin of mandible with two teeth; squamiform setae of first gastral tergite abundant, short, 2 × longer than wide; HW 0.49 – 0.51.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFBF87CFF5DD383EB9DD923.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.49 – 0.51 (n = 3); mandible with two teeth on masticatory margin, second tooth from base largest; subapical tooth with minute reclinate denticle at base; subapical tooth about twice as long as apical tooth; intercalary teeth distinct, one closest to apical tooth about half as long as apical tooth; labrum trapezoidal, anterior margin bilobed or bidentate on each side of medial notch, lateral lobule triangular, longer than medial lobule, medial lobules rounded, flanking semicircular median notch; arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove moderately impressed; propodeal tooth right angled, infradental lamella evenly and shallowly concave; squamiform setae abundant on first gastral tergite, uniformly covering entire tergite; gastral setae relatively short, 2 × longer than wide, tapering evenly from apex to base. The queen and male are unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFBF87CFF5DD383EB9DD923.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in cloud forest, from 1050 – 1400 m elevation. It is known only from the slopes of Volcán Atitlán, where it is sympatric with R. isthmica. At the type locality it seemed to occur just below the zone of high abundance of R. isthmica, at the lower edge of the cloud forest and at the transition to extensive coffee plantations at lower elevations. The six known specimens are from Winkler samples of sifted leaf litter.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFBF87CFF5DD383EB9DD923.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Referring to the type locality.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFF8F87EFF5DD6FBE80AD956.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.58 – 0.68 (n = 13); mandible with three teeth on masticatory margin, middle tooth largest; subapical tooth with distinct reclinate denticle at base; subapical tooth about twice as long as apical tooth; intercalary teeth prominent, one closest to apical tooth about half as long as apical tooth; labrum trapezoidal, anterior lobes triangular, inner margins of lobes shallowly sloping to semicircular median notch; propodeal tooth acute to right-angled, infradental lamella evenly and shallowly concave; squamiform setae abundant on first gastral tergite, either uniformly covering entire tergite or covering varying extent of posterior portion, at least posterior half with abundant setae. The queen and male are unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFF8F87EFF5DD6FBE80AD956.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in moderately seasonal to aseasonal wet forest, from sea level to 2000 m elevation. All recent specimens are from Winkler or Berlese samples of sifted leaf litter. It is rare for ant species to occur across such a broad elevational spectrum, and given the considerable variability in setal pattern and wide geographic range, it may comprise multiple allopatric populations with unknown degrees of genetic divergence. In Honduras it was a rare cloud forest species at Comayagua and La Muralla and a rare lowland species along the north Caribbean coast. At La Union, in the mountains southeast of Zacapa, Guatemala, it was a rare species sympatric with the much more abundant R. megisthmica. In cloud forest on the slopes of Volcán Atitlán in western Guatemala it was abundant — occurring in 29 of 100 miniWinkler samples — and sympatric with the smaller R. atitlanica.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFEF878FF5DD566ED76DFE1.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, worker. Guatemala, Zacapa: 2 km SE La Union, 14.94460 − 89.27726 ± 57 m, 1550 m, 12 May 2009, cloud forest, ex sifted leaf litter (LLAMA Wm-B- 03 - 1 - 05) [CAS, unique specimen identifier CASENT 0612564]. Paratypes (workers): same data as holotype but 14.94665 - 89.27593 ± 50 m (LLAMA # Wa-B- 03 - 1 - 04) [USNM, CASENT 0614540]; 14.94677 - 89.27585 ± 50 m (LLAMA # Wa-B- 03 - 1 - 07) [MCZC, CASENT 0614546]; 14.94723 - 89.27707 ± 50 m (LLAMA # Wa-B- 03 - 1 - 45) [UNAM, CASENT 0612503]; 14.95372 - 89.27618 ± 50 m, 1430 m (LLAMA # Wa-B- 03 - 2 - 31) [UVGC, CASENT 0629572; ECOSCE, CASENT 0629573]; 3.5 km SE La Union, 14.95 - 89.27 (unknown error), 1500 m, 4 Jun 1991 (R. S. Anderson # RSA 91 - 050) [LACM, CASENT 0603567; EAPZ, CASENT 0603699]. Geographic range. Guatemala, Mexico.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFEF878FF5DD566ED76DFE1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Differing from R. isthmica in larger size (HW> 0.73 versus <0.69), and with propodeal tooth larger and more acute.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFEF878FF5DD566ED76DFE1.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.73 – 0.83 (n = 12); mandible with two or three teeth on masticatory margin (can vary within individuals, with two teeth on one mandible and three teeth on the other), second tooth from base largest; subapical tooth with distinct reclinate denticle at base; subapical tooth about twice as long as apical tooth; intercalary teeth prominent, one closest to apical tooth about half as long as apical tooth; labrum trapezoidal, anterior lobes triangular, inner margins of lobes shallowly sloping to semicircular median notch; metanotal groove moderately to strongly impressed; propodeal tooth usually large and acute (shorter and obtuse on one specimen), infradental lamella evenly and shallowly concave; squamiform setae abundant on first gastral tergite, either uniformly covering entire tergite or covering at least 3 / 4 of posterior portion. The queen and male are unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFEF878FF5DD566ED76DFE1.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in cloud forest habitats, from 1400 – 2000 m elevation. All specimens are from Winkler or Berlese samples of sifted leaf litter. It is sympatric with R. isthmica at the type locality and with R. triumphalis on the slopes of Volcán Tacaná in Chiapas. At the type locality it was moderately abundant, occurring in 24 of 100 miniWinkler samples.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFEF878FF5DD566ED76DFE1.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Referring to its similarity to R. isthmica, differing mainly in larger size.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFFF87BFF5DD618EBEFDD8A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, worker: COSTA RICA, Heredia: 10 km NE Vara Blanca, 10.23696 - 84.11983 ± 125 m, 1500 m, 9 Mar 2005, montane wet forest, second growth, vegetation only about 4 m high, ex sifted leaf litter (ALAS # 15 / WF / 02) [CAS, unique specimen identifier CASENT 0629594]. Paratypes (workers): same data as holotype [JTLC, CASENT 0629593]; same data but 10.23684 - 84.11909 ± 50 m, mature forest (ALAS # 15 / WF / 02 / 09) [INBio, INB 0003666702]; 10.23754 - 84.12001 ± 50 m (ALAS # 15 / WF / 02 / 43) [INBio, INB 0003667096]; 10.23771 - 84.11998 ± 50 m (ALAS # 15 / WF / 02 / 47) [INBio, INB 0003667132]; 10.23243 - 84.11620 ± 50 m (ALAS # 15 / WF / 04 / 15) [INBio, INB 0003668070]; 10.23216 - 84.11618 ± 50 m (ALAS # 15 / WF / 04 / 21) [INBio, INB 0003668120]. Geographic range. Costa Rica.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFFF87BFF5DD618EBEFDD8A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Sharing with R. subspatulata and R. weberi a characteristic labrum shape: anterior margin of labrum with two long, bluntly triangular lobes, sinus between them deep, length of anterolateral lobe longer than or about equal to distance from base of sinus to transverse carina at base of labrum; differing from both in larger size (HW = 0.57 versus <0.50); differing from R. weberi in subapical tooth longer than apical tooth (about same length in R. weberi); differing from R. subspatulata in larger number of squamiform setae on first gastral tergite (about 12 versus about 6).	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFFF87BFF5DD618EBEFDD8A.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.57 (n = 1); mandible with two closely-spaced short triangular teeth at base, a smaller tooth about mid-distance between basal teeth and base of subapical tooth, reclinate denticle at base of subapical tooth minute but present, apical tooth half the length of subapical tooth, intercalary teeth minute; labrum about as long as broad, with two long, bluntly triangular lobes, sinus between them deep, length of anterolateral lobe longer than or about equal to distance from base of sinus to transverse carina at base of labrum; erect setae on leading edge of scape moderately clavate, longest on basal bend, becoming shorter and thinner toward apex; arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove moderately impressed; propodeal tooth right angled, infradental lamella evenly and shallowly concave; first gastral tergite with 6 – 8 squamiform setae on posterior margin, a similar number distributed between posterior border and midlength of tergite. The male is unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFFF87BFF5DD618EBEFDD8A.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in cloud forest, at 1500 m elevation. It is known from one site on the Barva Transect in Costa Rica, where it occurred in 5 of 200 miniWinkler samples.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFFF87BFF5DD618EBEFDD8A.taxon	discussion	Comments. This is a slightly more robust version of R. subspatulata. Among several other species of Rhopalothrix considered in this report, this degree of difference would be considered intraspecific. However, the sharply parapatric distribution on the Barva transect and the low variability among the many lowland collections of R. subspatulata suggest a separate montane species.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFFF87BFF5DD618EBEFDD8A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Referring to the cloud forest habitat.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFCF87BFF5DD4B0E8C5D8D4.taxon	description	Rhopalothrix acutipilis Kempf, 1962: 28, fig. 28. Holotype, queen: Brazil, Santa Catarina: Nova Teutônia, V- 1960 (F. Plaumann) (not examined). New Synonymy.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFCF87BFF5DD4B0E8C5D8D4.taxon	discussion	Comments. In this study queens were associated with workers for three Central American species. The queens differed from the workers in pilosity and the shape of the face. The queens bore numerous short bristles, which are lacking on the workers, and the worker faces had much stronger grooves and gibbosities. The characteristics of the mandible and labrum were shared between queens and workers. Examination of the figures for R. plaumanni and R. acutipilis, the types of which are from the same locality and by the same collector, suggest that R. acutipilis is the queen of R. plaumanni.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFCF87AFF5DD6BAE8D4DC3F.taxon	description	Geographic range. Mexico (Chiapas), Guatemala. Description. Worker. HW 0.53 – 0.59 (n = 5); mandible with three widely spaced denticles on masticatory margin, middle denticle largest; subapical tooth with minute reclinate denticle at base; subapical tooth about twice as long as apical tooth; intercalary teeth prominent, one closest to apical tooth about half as long as apical tooth; labrum subrectangular, outer margins diverging anteriorly, anterior margin very shallowly and evenly concave, with minute notch medially; posterior margin of clypeus elevated above anterior face; arcuate grooves and ridges of face very shallow; mesosomal dorsum evenly and shallowly convex in profile, metanotal groove not or very weakly impressed; propodeal tooth obtuse to right angled, infradental lamella broad and descending almost perpendicularly from tooth; about 12 squamiform setae on posterior half of first gastral tergite. The queen and male are unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFCF87AFF5DD6BAE8D4DC3F.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. Recent collections of this species are from lowland wet to moist forest habitat, from 70 – 270 m elevation. The type is apparently from a somewhat higher site near Ocosingo. All recent specimens are from Winkler samples of sifted leaf litter. In quantitative sampling carried out during Project LLAMA, this species occurred in 4 of 100 miniWinkler samples at a lowland Chiapas site and in 7 of 100 samples from in and near Tikal National Park in Guatemala.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFDF864FF5DD6BCEA9BDDE5.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype worker: COSTA RICA, Heredia: La Selva Biological Station, 10.43333 - 84.01667 ± 1.5 km, 50 m, 1 Feb 1994, rainforest, ex Berlese of litter and soil (ALAS # B / 05 / 381) [INBio, unique specimen identifier INBIOCRI 001259541]. Paratypes (workers): same data as holotype [LACM, INBIOCRI 001259538; MCZC, INBIOCRI 001259539; USNM, INBIOCRI 001259540; CAS, INBIOCRI 001259542]; same data but 15 Apr 1993 (ALAS # B / 05 / 053) [EAPZ, INBIOCRI 002281441]. Geographic range. Costa Rica, Nicaragua.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFDF864FF5DD6BCEA9BDDE5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Sharing with R. nubilosa and R. weberi a characteristic labrum shape: anterior margin of labrum with two long, bluntly triangular lobes, sinus between them deep, length of anterolateral lobe longer than or about equal to distance from base of sinus to transverse carina at base of labrum; worker hardly differing from R. weberi, being slightly larger (HW> 0.40) and with larger mandibular teeth; queen differing from R. weberi in stronger facial concavity and carina medial to compound eye; worker differing from R. nubilosa in smaller size (<0.50) and fewer squamiform setae on first gastral tergite (six versus about twelve).	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFDF864FF5DD6BCEA9BDDE5.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.42 – 0.49 (n = 14); mandible with two closely-spaced short triangular teeth at base, a smaller tooth about mid-distance between basal teeth and base of subapical tooth, reclinate denticle at base of subapical tooth absent, apical tooth short, about 1 / 3 × length of subapical tooth, intercalary teeth minute; labrum about as long as broad, with two long, bluntly triangular lobes, sinus between them deep, length of anterolateral lobe longer than or about equal to distance from base of sinus to transverse carina at base of labrum; erect setae on leading edge of scape stiff but narrow, hardly clavate, unlike the squamiform setae typical of many other species; arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove moderately impressed; propodeal tooth right angled, infradental lamella thin, evenly and shallowly concave; first gastral tergite with four squamiform setae on posterior margin, two at mid-disk. Queen. HW 0.51 – 0.53 (n = 2); mandible and labrum similar to worker; face shape similar to worker but with large, shallow, circular concavity medial to compound eye, separated from eye by distinct slightly elevated carina that partially covers eye in full face view; compound eye longer than maximum width of scape; ocelli small, cuticle adjacent to ocelli marked with black pigment spots on evenly light brown background; shape of propodeal tooth, infradental lamella, petiole and postpetiole similar to worker; katepisternum and anepisternum large, convex, separated by thin groove; pubescence layer of abundant, short, curved setae covers mandible, face, scapes, legs, dorsal mesosoma and metasoma; abundant stiff erect setae on face, anterior edge of scape, side of head, dorsal mesosoma, dorsal gaster. Fore wing: pterostigma placed about 3 / 5 the length of the costal margin; veins Sc + R, M + Cu, 1 A, and crossvein 2 rs-m tubular; 2 rs-m terminating posteriorly as a node; veins Rs, M, and Cu nebulous; Rs + M spectral; vannal region vestigial; only basal and submarginal 1 cells enclosed by tubular or nebular veins. Hind wing: only veins C + Sc + R and 1 A tubular, and only for a very short length of the remigium; veins Sc + R, M + Cu, R, Rs and crossvein 2 rs-m nebulous; no cells are closed; vannal region vestigial. The male is unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFDF864FF5DD6BCEA9BDDE5.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in lowland rainforest, from 50 – 800 m elevation. Of the approximately 50 workers known, one was collected in a Malaise trap sample and the rest were in Berlese or Winkler samples. The Winkler samples were of sifted litter and rotten wood on the forest floor; the Berlese samples were cores of forest floor litter and about 5 – 10 cm of the mineral soil beneath. At La Selva Biological Station, 3 % of 208 Berlese samples and 2 % of 640 miniWinkler samples contained workers. Given that each miniWinkler sample covered an area about 60 times greater than a Berlese sample (1 m 2 versus 165 cm 2), R. subspatulata was far more abundant in Berlese samples. This suggests that R. subspatulata, and perhaps Rhopalothrix in general, are subterranean, nesting and foraging in mineral soil, and perhaps only rarely venturing up into the litter layer. The pale color and greatly reduced eyes also suggest subterranean habits. Alate queens were collected in three of 50 canopy fogging samples from the ALAS project at La Selva (http: // viceroy. eeb. uconn. edu / ALAS / ALAS. html): 8 October and 10 November 1994 and 28 December 1999 (mid to late wet season). This suggests that the species mates above ground and has normally dispersing queens.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFFDF864FF5DD6BCEA9BDDE5.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Referring to the sparse spatulate setae on the gaster.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE3F864FF5DD3ADEC8ED9F4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype worker: HONDURAS, Olancho: 9 km N Catacamas, 14.93693 - 85.90535 ± 20 m, 1360 m, 10 May 2010, mixed hardwood forest, ex sifted leaf litter (R. S. Anderson # 2010 - 020) [CAS, unique specimen identifier CASENT 0616292]. Paratypes (workers): same data as holotype [USNM, CASENT 0616286]; same data but 14.93465 - 85.90662 ± 20 m, 1330 m, 12 May 2010, Liquidambar - hardwood forest, ex sifted leaf litter (R. S. Anderson # 2010 - 026) [MCZC, CASENT 0629584; INBio, CASENT 0629585]. Geographic range. Costa Rica to Honduras.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE3F864FF5DD3ADEC8ED9F4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Labrum broader than long, anterior margin bilobed on each side of medial notch, lateral lobule rounded and the same length as or shorter than medial lobule; first gastral tergite with abundant, short, strongly spatulate squamiform setae uniformly covering surface.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE3F864FF5DD3ADEC8ED9F4.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.66 – 0.80 (n = 6); mandible with two or three teeth on masticatory margin (can vary within individuals, with two teeth on one mandible and three teeth on the other), second tooth from base largest; subapical tooth with distinct reclinate denticle at base; subapical tooth about twice as long as apical tooth; intercalary teeth prominent, one closest to apical tooth about half as long as apical tooth; labrum trapezoidal, wider than long, anterior margin bilobed on each side of medial notch, lateral lobule rounded and the same length as or shorter than medial lobule; arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove strongly impressed; propodeal tooth large, triangular, right-angled to acute, infradental lamella broad beneath tooth, narrowing ventrally; first gastral tergite with abundant, short, strongly spatulate squamiform setae uniformly covering surface. The queen and male are unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE3F864FF5DD3ADEC8ED9F4.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in rain forest and cloud forest habitats, from 550 – 1420 m elevation. All specimens are from Winkler samples of sifted leaf litter. At three cloud forest sites in Nicaragua it occurred in 5 – 10 % of 100 miniWinkler samples. In Costa Rica, it is known from one collection near Turrialba, a site on the Atlantic slope of the Cordillera Volcánica Central, yet is unknown from the intensively sampled Barva Transect a short distance away.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE3F864FF5DD3ADEC8ED9F4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Referring to the fierce habitus and to the deep furrows and rugosities on the face and mesosoma.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE0F866FF5DD566EC5FD9B8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype, worker: MEXICO, Chiapas: 2.8 km ESE Custepec, 15.72078 - 92.93925 ± 50 m, 1800 m, 17 Jul 2007, mixed hardwood forest, ex sifted leaf litter (R. S. Anderson # 2007 - 017) [CAS, unique specimen identifier CASENT 0602067]. Paratypes (workers): same data as holotype but 18 Jul 2007, liquidambar forest (R. S. Anderson # 2007 - 018) [ECOSCE, CASENT 0601766]; 1.8 km SE Custepec, 15.72198 - 92.95037 ± 50 m, 1530 m, mixed liquidambar forest (R. S. Anderson # 2007 - 020) [MCZC, CASENT 0601887]; 2 km SE Custepec, 15.72298 - 92.94493 ± 50 m, 1650 m, ridgetop oak forest (R. S. Anderson # 2007 - 021) [USNM, CASENT 0601965]; 2.8 km SE Custepec, 15.72260 - 92.93995 ± 50 m, 1840 m, oak forest (R. S. Anderson # 2007 - 022) [UNAM, CASENT 0603013]. Geographic range. Mexico (Chiapas).	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE0F866FF5DD566EC5FD9B8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Anterior labral lobe bilobed, with lateral lobule longer than medial lobule; masticatory margin of mandible with two teeth; squamiform setae of first gastral tergite abundant, elongate, 4 × or 5 × longer than wide; HW 0.57 – 0.65.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE0F866FF5DD566EC5FD9B8.taxon	description	Description. Worker. HW 0.57 – 0.65 (n = 12); mandible with two teeth on masticatory margin, second tooth from base largest; subapical tooth with minute reclinate denticle at base; subapical tooth about twice as long as apical tooth; intercalary teeth prominent, one closest to apical tooth about half as long as apical tooth; labrum trapezoidal, anterior margin bilobed, lateral lobule triangular, longer than medial lobule, medial lobules rounded, flanking semicircular median notch; arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove moderately impressed; propodeal tooth variable, obtuse, right angled, or acute, infradental lamella evenly and shallowly concave; squamiform setae abundant on first gastral tergite, uniformly covering entire tergite; gastral setae relatively long and thin, 4 – 5 × longer than wide, with elongate stem below widened apex. Queen. HW 0.69; mandible and labrum similar to worker; face shape similar to worker but with less strongly developed grooves and ridges; compound eye longer than maximum width of scape; ocelli small, cuticle adjacent to ocelli marked with black pigment spots on evenly light brown background; shape of propodeal tooth, infradental lamella, petiole and postpetiole similar to worker; katepisternum and anepisternum large, convex, separated by broad U-shaped groove; layer of sparse, long, appressed pubescence covers mandible, face, scapes, legs, dorsal mesosoma and metasoma; abundant stiff erect setae on face, anterior edge of scape, side of head, dorsal mesosoma, dorsal gaster. The male is unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE0F866FF5DD566EC5FD9B8.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in cloud forest habitats, from 1360 – 2140 m elevation. All specimens are from Winkler or Berlese samples of sifted leaf litter. It is sympatric with R. megisthmica on the slopes of Volcán Tacaná in Chiapas. At the type locality it was moderately abundant, occurring in 17 of 100 miniWinkler samples.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE0F866FF5DD566EC5FD9B8.taxon	discussion	Comments. Rhopalothrix triumphalis, R. atitlanica, and R andersoni share a distinctive labrum shape with bilobed anterolateral margin, with the lateral lobule longer and more triangular than the medial lobule. The three form a geographic replacement series, with no known zones of sympatry. An isolated specimen from eastern Guatemala (Petén: 13 km NW Machaquilá, 16.44173 - 89.53527 ± 26 m, 390 m, 28 May 2009, LLAMA # Wm-B- 06 - 1 - 05, CASENT 0614342) matches the size and morphology of R. triumphalis, differing only in the disposition of squamiform setae on the gaster. Instead of uniformly covering the first gastral tergite, they cover only the posterior 3 / 4. This specimen is left unidentified in this report, pending further understanding of the group.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE0F866FF5DD566EC5FD9B8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. Referring to the type locality, El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve in the Sierra Madre de Chiapas.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE6F863FF5DD578EB93DA42.taxon	description	Geographic range. Cuba, Honduras to southern Mexico. Description. Worker (based on two workers from Tikal National Park, Guatemala). HW 0.38 – 0.39 (n = 2); mandible with two closely-spaced, very short teeth at base, these basal teeth with broad confluent bases, either with distinct denticulate apices or completely confluent and forming a low lamina at base, a small denticle about middistance between basal teeth and base of subapical tooth, reclinate denticle at base of subapical tooth absent, subapical tooth shorter than width of mandible at base, only slightly longer than subapical tooth, intercalary teeth present but minute; labrum about as long as broad, with two long, bluntly triangular lobes, sinus between them deep, length of anterolateral lobe longer than or about equal to distance from base of sinus to transverse carina at base of labrum; anterior clypeal margin concave; erect setae on leading edge of scape stiff but narrow, hardly clavate, unlike the squamiform setae typical of many other species; arcuate promesonotal groove and metanotal groove weakly impressed; propodeal tooth right angled, infradental lamella thin, evenly and shallowly concave; first gastral tergite with sparse squamiform setae on posterior half, one specimen with five setae on posterior margin and three anteriorly, one specimen with seven and five, respectively. Queen. HW 0.40 – 0.54 (n = 5); mandible and labrum similar to worker; face shape similar to worker but with grooves and ridges more shallowly impressed; compound eye shorter than maximum width of scape, with 5 – 6 facets across longest axis; ocelli small, cuticle adjacent to ocelli marked with black pigment spots on evenly light brown background; shape of propodeal tooth, petiole and postpetiole similar to worker; shape of infradental lamella variable (see Comments); katepisternum and anepisternum large, convex, separated by broad groove; pubescence layer of abundant, short, curved setae covers mandible, face, scapes, legs, dorsal mesosoma and metasoma; abundant stiff erect setae on face, anterior edge of scape, side of head, dorsal mesosoma, dorsal gaster. The male is unknown.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE6F863FF5DD578EB93DA42.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. This species occurs in lowland wet to moist forest, from 200 – 575 m elevation. The recent collections are all from Winkler samples of sifted litter and rotten wood on the forest floor. Among the Project LLAMA specimens, seven are dealate queens and only two are workers, mostly from separate samples. This could reflect subterranean habits of the workers, with new queens dispersing up into the litter layer.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
03B387A2FFE6F863FF5DD578EB93DA42.taxon	discussion	Comments. Judging from the descriptions of Weber (1934) and Brown & Kempf (1960), and the geographic proximity of the Petén region to Cuba, we tentatively assign to R. weberi material from eastern Chiapas, across the Petén region, and south to north coastal Honduras. Quiroz-Robledo & Valenzuela-González (2010) identified a worker from Veracruz as R. weberi, which, based on the figure in the publication, also appears to belong here. Four queens from Tikal National Park and vicinity are very uniform, with HW 0.40 – 0.41 and the propodeal infradental lamella thin and very like the workers from this locality. One queen from near La Ceiba in Honduras has HW 0.44 and the infradental lamella is more expanded, forming two convexities below the tooth, separated by a narrow notch. Two queens from the Metzabok Reserve in eastern Chiapas are distinctly different. One of them has HW 0.44 and an infradental lamella like the queens from Guatemala. The other queen has HW 0.54 and infradental lamella like the queen from Honduras. Thus there is the potential for multiple cryptic species in R. weberi. LaPolla et al. (2006) report R. weberi from Guyana, but this identification is incorrect. The single specimen (examined) cannot be clearly assigned to genus: it has the habitus of the R. isthmica clade, but the mandible and labrum are like species in the genus Octostruma Forel, 1912.	en	Longino, John T., Boudinot, Brendon E. (2013): New species of Central American Rhopalothrix Mayr, 1870 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Zootaxa 3616 (4): 301-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3616.4.1
