taxonID	type	format	identifier	references	title	description	created	creator	contributor	publisher	audience	source	license	rightsHolder	datasetID
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783998/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783998	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784006/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784006	FIGURE 6. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, H), middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, I) and apices of lances (F, G). A–D, Caliroa cerasi: A, B, Sapporo; C, D, Germany. E–I, C. bibaiensis: E, holotype; F–I, paratype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. B–D, E, H, I, reversed.	FIGURE 6. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, H), middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, I) and apices of lances (F, G). A–D, Caliroa cerasi: A, B, Sapporo; C, D, Germany. E–I, C. bibaiensis: E, holotype; F–I, paratype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. B–D, E, H, I, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784008/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784008	FIGURE 7. Lances and lancets (A, B, E, G), apices of lances (C, H) and middle ventral parts of lancets (D, F, I). A–F, Caliroa oishii: A–D, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; E, F, holotype of C. quercivora. G–I, C. ibukii, holotype. 1, 5, first (most basal), fifth serrula.A, G, I, reversed.	FIGURE 7. Lances and lancets (A, B, E, G), apices of lances (C, H) and middle ventral parts of lancets (D, F, I). A–F, Caliroa oishii: A–D, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; E, F, holotype of C. quercivora. G–I, C. ibukii, holotype. 1, 5, first (most basal), fifth serrula.A, G, I, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784010/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784010	FIGURE 8. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, I). A–D, Caliroa vaccini: A, B, paratype; C, D, holotype or paratype. E–H, C. ouensis: E, F, holotype; G, H, paratype, Mt. Zao. I, C. annulipes, Austria. 1, 4, 5, 6, first (most basal), fourth, fifth, sixth serrula.A, B, E, reversed.	FIGURE 8. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, I). A–D, Caliroa vaccini: A, B, paratype; C, D, holotype or paratype. E–H, C. ouensis: E, F, holotype; G, H, paratype, Mt. Zao. I, C. annulipes, Austria. 1, 4, 5, 6, first (most basal), fourth, fifth, sixth serrula.A, B, E, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784012/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784012	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784014/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784014	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD2FF851DC624C032B5FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784016/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784016	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783998/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783998	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784006/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784006	FIGURE 6. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, H), middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, I) and apices of lances (F, G). A–D, Caliroa cerasi: A, B, Sapporo; C, D, Germany. E–I, C. bibaiensis: E, holotype; F–I, paratype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. B–D, E, H, I, reversed.	FIGURE 6. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, H), middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, I) and apices of lances (F, G). A–D, Caliroa cerasi: A, B, Sapporo; C, D, Germany. E–I, C. bibaiensis: E, holotype; F–I, paratype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. B–D, E, H, I, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784008/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784008	FIGURE 7. Lances and lancets (A, B, E, G), apices of lances (C, H) and middle ventral parts of lancets (D, F, I). A–F, Caliroa oishii: A–D, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; E, F, holotype of C. quercivora. G–I, C. ibukii, holotype. 1, 5, first (most basal), fifth serrula.A, G, I, reversed.	FIGURE 7. Lances and lancets (A, B, E, G), apices of lances (C, H) and middle ventral parts of lancets (D, F, I). A–F, Caliroa oishii: A–D, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; E, F, holotype of C. quercivora. G–I, C. ibukii, holotype. 1, 5, first (most basal), fifth serrula.A, G, I, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784012/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784012	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD1FF841DC624EC37C4FE3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784014/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784014	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD0FF821DC6213236F1FCD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD0FF821DC6213236F1FCD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD0FF821DC6213236F1FCD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD0FF821DC6213236F1FCD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD0FF821DC6213236F1FCD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784006/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784006	FIGURE 6. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, H), middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, I) and apices of lances (F, G). A–D, Caliroa cerasi: A, B, Sapporo; C, D, Germany. E–I, C. bibaiensis: E, holotype; F–I, paratype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. B–D, E, H, I, reversed.	FIGURE 6. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, H), middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, I) and apices of lances (F, G). A–D, Caliroa cerasi: A, B, Sapporo; C, D, Germany. E–I, C. bibaiensis: E, holotype; F–I, paratype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. B–D, E, H, I, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD0FF821DC6213236F1FCD6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784016/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784016	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD6FF8C1DC626103362FA3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD6FF8C1DC626103362FA3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD6FF8C1DC626103362FA3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD6FF8C1DC626103362FA3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFD6FF8C1DC626103362FA3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784006/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784006	FIGURE 6. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, H), middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, I) and apices of lances (F, G). A–D, Caliroa cerasi: A, B, Sapporo; C, D, Germany. E–I, C. bibaiensis: E, holotype; F–I, paratype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. B–D, E, H, I, reversed.	FIGURE 6. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, H), middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, I) and apices of lances (F, G). A–D, Caliroa cerasi: A, B, Sapporo; C, D, Germany. E–I, C. bibaiensis: E, holotype; F–I, paratype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. B–D, E, H, I, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDFFF891DC62450314DF8C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDFFF891DC62450314DF8C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDFFF891DC62450314DF8C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDFFF891DC62450314DF8C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDFFF891DC62450314DF8C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784008/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784008	FIGURE 7. Lances and lancets (A, B, E, G), apices of lances (C, H) and middle ventral parts of lancets (D, F, I). A–F, Caliroa oishii: A–D, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; E, F, holotype of C. quercivora. G–I, C. ibukii, holotype. 1, 5, first (most basal), fifth serrula.A, G, I, reversed.	FIGURE 7. Lances and lancets (A, B, E, G), apices of lances (C, H) and middle ventral parts of lancets (D, F, I). A–F, Caliroa oishii: A–D, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; E, F, holotype of C. quercivora. G–I, C. ibukii, holotype. 1, 5, first (most basal), fifth serrula.A, G, I, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDFFF891DC62450314DF8C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784016/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784016	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDDFF881DC6222032B9F9C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDDFF881DC6222032B9F9C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDDFF881DC6222032B9F9C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDDFF881DC6222032B9F9C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDDFF881DC6222032B9F9C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784008/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784008	FIGURE 7. Lances and lancets (A, B, E, G), apices of lances (C, H) and middle ventral parts of lancets (D, F, I). A–F, Caliroa oishii: A–D, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; E, F, holotype of C. quercivora. G–I, C. ibukii, holotype. 1, 5, first (most basal), fifth serrula.A, G, I, reversed.	FIGURE 7. Lances and lancets (A, B, E, G), apices of lances (C, H) and middle ventral parts of lancets (D, F, I). A–F, Caliroa oishii: A–D, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; E, F, holotype of C. quercivora. G–I, C. ibukii, holotype. 1, 5, first (most basal), fifth serrula.A, G, I, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDDFF881DC6222032B9F9C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784016/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784016	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDCFF961DC6232530FAF875.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783998/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783998	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDCFF961DC6232530FAF875.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDCFF961DC6232530FAF875.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDCFF961DC6232530FAF875.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDCFF961DC6232530FAF875.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784010/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784010	FIGURE 8. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, I). A–D, Caliroa vaccini: A, B, paratype; C, D, holotype or paratype. E–H, C. ouensis: E, F, holotype; G, H, paratype, Mt. Zao. I, C. annulipes, Austria. 1, 4, 5, 6, first (most basal), fourth, fifth, sixth serrula.A, B, E, reversed.	FIGURE 8. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, I). A–D, Caliroa vaccini: A, B, paratype; C, D, holotype or paratype. E–H, C. ouensis: E, F, holotype; G, H, paratype, Mt. Zao. I, C. annulipes, Austria. 1, 4, 5, 6, first (most basal), fourth, fifth, sixth serrula.A, B, E, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFDCFF961DC6232530FAF875.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784016/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784016	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC1FF941DC625E031DAFD65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783998/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783998	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC1FF941DC625E031DAFD65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC1FF941DC625E031DAFD65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC1FF941DC625E031DAFD65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC1FF941DC625E031DAFD65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784010/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784010	FIGURE 8. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, I). A–D, Caliroa vaccini: A, B, paratype; C, D, holotype or paratype. E–H, C. ouensis: E, F, holotype; G, H, paratype, Mt. Zao. I, C. annulipes, Austria. 1, 4, 5, 6, first (most basal), fourth, fifth, sixth serrula.A, B, E, reversed.	FIGURE 8. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, I). A–D, Caliroa vaccini: A, B, paratype; C, D, holotype or paratype. E–H, C. ouensis: E, F, holotype; G, H, paratype, Mt. Zao. I, C. annulipes, Austria. 1, 4, 5, 6, first (most basal), fourth, fifth, sixth serrula.A, B, E, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC1FF941DC625E031DAFD65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784016/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784016	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC1FF941DC625E031DAFD65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC0FF941DC6278430C3F964.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC0FF941DC6278430C3F964.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784010/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784010	FIGURE 8. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, I). A–D, Caliroa vaccini: A, B, paratype; C, D, holotype or paratype. E–H, C. ouensis: E, F, holotype; G, H, paratype, Mt. Zao. I, C. annulipes, Austria. 1, 4, 5, 6, first (most basal), fourth, fifth, sixth serrula.A, B, E, reversed.	FIGURE 8. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, I). A–D, Caliroa vaccini: A, B, paratype; C, D, holotype or paratype. E–H, C. ouensis: E, F, holotype; G, H, paratype, Mt. Zao. I, C. annulipes, Austria. 1, 4, 5, 6, first (most basal), fourth, fifth, sixth serrula.A, B, E, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC0FF931DC62382307CFE39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC7FF921DC627313147FC45.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783998/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783998	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC7FF921DC627313147FC45.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC7FF921DC627313147FC45.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC7FF921DC627313147FC45.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC7FF921DC627313147FC45.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784012/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784012	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC6FF901DC626A333B0FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC6FF901DC626A333B0FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783998/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783998	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC6FF901DC626A333B0FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC6FF901DC626A333B0FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC6FF901DC626A333B0FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC6FF901DC626A333B0FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784012/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784012	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC6FF901DC626A333B0FE8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784016/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784016	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC4FF9B1DC624EC3125FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC4FF9B1DC624EC3125FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783998/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783998	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC4FF9B1DC624EC3125FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC4FF9B1DC624EC3125FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC4FF9B1DC624EC3125FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC4FF9B1DC624EC3125FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784014/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784014	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFC4FF9B1DC624EC3125FE61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784016/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784016	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	FIGURE 11. Male genitalia in ventral view (A, D, G, J, M, P, S, V), penis valves in dorsal view and lateral view, left dorsal (B, C, E, F, H, I, K, L, N, O, Q, R, T, U, W, X). A–C, Caliroa cerasi, Finland. D–F, C. oishii, Shintoku. G–I, C. ibukii, paratype. J–L, C. vaccini, paratype. M–O, C. ouensis, paratype. P–R, C. staphyleae, Nakagawa. S–X, C. zelkovae: S–U, Hobara; V–X, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCFFF9B1DC6277833EFF804.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCFFF9B1DC6277833EFF804.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCFFF9B1DC6277833EFF804.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784014/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784014	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCFFF9B1DC6277833EFF804.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784012/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784012	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	FIGURE 9. Lances and lancets (A, C, E) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F). A, B, Caliroa aizankei, holotype. C–F, C. staphyleae: C, D, lectotype of C. staphyleae; E, F, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. 5, fifth serrula. E, F, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCEFF9A1DC625E031D5F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783996/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783996	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	FIGURE 1. Female adults (A–J) and immature stages (K–T). A, B, Caliroa cerasi, female, Sapporo. C, D, K, L, C. bibaiensis: C, D, female, holotype; K, L, late instar larvae on Crataegus chlorosarca, Bibai, 6 August 2009. E–H, M, C. oishii: E, F, female, holotype or paratopotype of C. oishii; G, H, female, holotype of C. quercivora; M, late instar larva on Quercus crispula, Shintoku, 28 August 1993. I, J, N, C. ibukii: I, J, female, holotype; N, final feeding-instar larva, 6 July 2018. O, C. staphyleae, late instar larvae on Staphylea bumalda, Nakagawa, 9 July 2012. P–S, C. zelkovae: P, eggs in Zelkova serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; Q, young larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 26 June 2014; R, middle and late instar larvae on Z. serrata, Nakagawa, 30 June 2010; S, late instar larva on Prunus domestica, Nakagawa, 8 July 2012. T, C. nire, late instar larva on Ulmus pumila, holotype, Shintoku, 21 August 2011. A, C, E, G, I, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, ventral or ventrolateral view. K–M, T, photographed by H. Hara. N–S, photographed by S. Ibuki.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCEFF9A1DC625E031D5F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3783998/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3783998	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	FIGURE 2. Female adults. A, B, Caliroa vaccini, paratype. C, D, C. ouensis, holotype. E, F, C. aizankei, holotype. G–J, C. staphyleae: G, H, lectotype of C. staphyleae; I, J, holotype or paratype of C. staphylea. K–P, C. zelkovae: K, L, lectotype of C. zelkovae; M, N, holotype of C. zelkova; O, P, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. Q, R, C. nire, holotype.A, C, E, G, I, K, M, O, Q, dorsal or dorsolateral view. B, D, F, H, J, L, N, P, R, ventral or ventrolateral view.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCEFF9A1DC625E031D5F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784000/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784000	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	FIGURE 3. Heads (A–M), antennae (N–W) and hind tarsus (X). A, K, L, V, Caliroa zelkovae: A, K, female, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; L, V, female, lectotype. B–D, N, X, C. cerasi, female: B–D, N, Shimizu; X, Sapporo. E, O, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. F, P, C. oishii, female, holotype or paratopotype. G, Q, C. ibukii, female, holotype. H, R, C. vaccini, female, paratype. S, C. ouensis, female, holotype. I, T, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, U, C. staphyleae, female: J, paralectotype; U, lectotype. M, W, C. nire, female, holotype. A, B, dorsal view. C, anterolateral view. D–M, frontal view. N–W, inner or outer lateral view. X, anteroventral view. P, Q, U, X, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCEFF9A1DC625E031D5F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784002/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784002	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	FIGURE 4. Hind wings, dorsal view. A–C, Caliroa cerasi: A, female, Sapporo; B, female, Shimizu; C, male, Finland. D, C. bibaiensis, female, holotype. E, F, C. oishii: E, female, holotype or paratopotype; F, male, Shintoku. G, H, C. ibukii: G, female, holotype; H, male, paratype. I–K, C. vaccini: I, female, paratype; J, female, holotype or paratype; K, male, paratype. L, C. ouensis, female, holotype. M, C. aizankei, female, holotype. N–P, C. staphyleae: N, female, lectotype; O, female, Nakagawa; P, male, paralectotype. Q, R, C. zelkovae: Q, female, lectotype; R, male, Hobara. S, C. matsumotonis, male, Korea. T, C. nire, female, holotype. A, C, D, F, J, K, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCEFF9A1DC625E031D5F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784004/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784004	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	FIGURE 5. Mesoscutellar appendages and adjacent areas, dorsolateral view (A–M) and first to third abdominal terga, dorsolateral view (N–P). A, N, Caliroa cerasi, female: A, Shimizu; N, Sapporo. B, O, C. bibaiensis, female: B, paratype; O, holotype. C, C. oishii, female, Mikasa. D, C. ibukii, female, holotype. E, C. vaccini, female, paratype. F, C. ouensis, female, paratype, Mt. Zao-san. G, C. annulipes, female, Austria. H, C. nara, female, Kamikawa. I, C. aizankei, female, holotype. J, C. staphyleae, female, lectotype. K, C. zelkovae, female, lectotype. L, C. matsumotonis, female, lectotype. M, P, C. nire, female, holotype.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
03B387A9FFCEFF9A1DC625E031D5F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage	image/png	https://zenodo.org/record/3784014/files/figure.png	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3784014	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	FIGURE 10. Lances and lancets (A, C, E, G, I, K) and middle ventral parts of lancets (B, D, F, H, J, L). A–H, Caliroa zelkovae: A, B, lectotype of C. zelkovae; C, D, holotype of C. zelkova; E, F, Nakagawa, host Ulmus davidiana var. japonica; G, H, Nakagawa, host Prunus domestica. I, J, C. matsumotonis, Higashine. K, L, C. nire, holotype. 1, 5, 7, first (most basal), fifth, seventh serrula. G, H, reversed.	2020-05-04	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi		Zenodo	biologists	Hara, Hideho;Ibuki, Shinichi			
