taxonID	type	description	language	source
42218613ACB55B77938AB2FF94E9F0B3.taxon	description	Description. Herbs chamaephytes, base definite or indefinite, perennial, frequently succulent, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes. Roots thin, fibrous. Stems prostrate with ascending apex or erect, herbaceous to succulent, rarely fibrous, little to densely branched, rooting at the basal nodes or at the distal ones when they touch the substrate. Leaves sessile to subpetiolate; distichously or spirally-alternate, evenly distributed along the stem, rarely congested in a rosette; sheaths closed; ptyxis involute or convolute; blades flat to falcate and / or complicate, base asymmetrical, midvein conspicuous, rarely inconspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially prominent, rounded, secondary veins conspicuous or inconspicuous. Synflorescences terminal or axillary in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 - 4 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back, sometimes composed of 1 - 3 (- 5) cincinni; inflorescence bract hyaline, tubular, inconspicuous; peduncle bracts absent; supernumerary bracts rarely present; cincinni bracts leaf-like, rarely spathaceous, differing from the leaves mostly only in size, similar or unequal to each other, saccate or not, free from each other; cincinni sessile, contracted, opposite to subopposite; bracteoles inconspicuous, imbricate, linear-triangular to triangular, hyaline. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic, flat (not forming a floral tube); pedicel gibbous at apex, upright at anthesis and pre-anthesis, deflexed at post-anthesis; sepals equal, free, chartaceous, ovate, dorsally keeled or not, apex acute; petals sessile, equal, free, elliptic to ovate to broadly ovate, flat or plicate, base cuneate to obtuse, margin glabrous, apex acute; stamens 6, arranged in two series, equal, filaments free from the petals, straight at anthesis and post-anthesis, white, rarely pink, basally densely bearded with moniliform hairs, hairs as long as the stamens, white, anthers basifixed, rimose, connective rhomboid, yellow, anther sacs ellipsoid, yellow, pollen yellow; ovary subglobose to globose, white, glabrous, locules 2 - ovulate, style straight at anthesis and post-anthesis, white, obconical at base, conical at the apex, stigma punctate, pistil longer than or the same length as the stamens. Capsules subglobose to globose, light to medium brown when mature, glabrous, loculicidal, 3 - valved, sometimes apiculate due to persistent style base. Seeds 1 - 2 per locule, ellipsoid to narrowly trigonal, ventrally flattened, cleft or not towards the embryotega, testa costate to rugose with ridges radiating from the embryotega; embryotega dorsal, relatively inconspicuous, without a prominent apicule, generally covered by a cream farina; hilum linear, on a weak ridge.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
42218613ACB55B77938AB2FF94E9F0B3.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name of this subgenus means " Tradescantia from the South ", making reference to its exclusively South American distribution.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
310DE64F00F954E28EB2DD6BA1DD1D6D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Similar to T. tenella due to its definite base, erect and densely branched stems, involute ptyxis, leaf-blades with conspicuous secondary veins, saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts, keeled sepals, pistil the same length as the stamens, seeds with rugose testa and hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. It can be differentiated by its fibrous stems, sessile leaves with velutine to hispid, light brown to hyaline indumentum, broadly ovoid floral buds, sepals with a mixture of glandular and eglandular hairs restricted to the keel and petals always white and plicate.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
310DE64F00F954E28EB2DD6BA1DD1D6D.taxon	materials_examined	Type. BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Friburgo, Reserva Ecologica de Macae de Cima, fl., fr., 26 Jan 2012, M. O. O. Pellegrini et al. 207 (holotype: RB barcode RB 01025675!).	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
310DE64F00F954E28EB2DD6BA1DD1D6D.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 10 - 35 cm tall, with a definite base, terrestrial. Stems erect, fibrous, branched to densely branched; internodes 1.8 - 6.1 cm long at base, distally shorter, dark green to vinaceous, glabrous, except for a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, light brown to hyaline hairs. Leaves distichously-alternate, sessile; ptyxis involute; sheaths 4.1 - 7.6 mm long, light green to pink with dark green to purple striations, glabrous, margin setose, hairs light brown to hyaline; blades 3.3 - 10.2 x 0.9 - 3.4 cm, elliptic to ovate, flat, membranous to chartaceous, velutine to hispid on both sides, rarely hairs restricted to the midvein, hairs light brown to hyaline, adaxially dark green, abaxially green, sometimes with vinaceous blotches, turning dark brown to olive-green on both sides when dry, base obtuse to rounded, margin ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially prominent, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 1.9 - 3.7 cm long, dark green to vinaceous, glabrous, except for a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, light brown to hyaline hairs; basal bract inconspicuous, tubular, hyaline, glabrous; peduncle bracts absent; supernumerary bracts absent; cincinni bracts 1.2 - 3.4 x 0.4 - 1.3 cm, leaf-like, unequal to strongly unequal to each other, elliptic to narrowly ovate to ovate, velutine to hispid on both sides, rarely hairs restricted to the midvein, hairs light brown to hyaline, adaxially dark green, abaxially green with vinaceous blotches, base cordate to round, saccate, margin ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acuminate; double-cincinni (4 -) 6 - 8 - flowered; bracteoles inconspicuous, imbricate, linear-triangular to triangular, hyaline. Flowers 1.1 - 1.3 cm diam.; floral buds broadly ovoid, apex acute; pedicels 1.2 - 3.4 mm long, upright at anthesis and pre-anthesis, reflexed at post-anthesis, vinaceous, densely glandular-pubescent, rarely with a mixture of glandular and eglandular, hyaline hairs; sepals 3.8 - 5.3 x 2.6 - 4.2 mm, dorsally keeled, with a mixture of glandular and eglandular, hyaline hairs restricted to the keel, hairs hyaline to light brown; petals 6.6 - 8.2 x 3.7 - 5.2 mm, plicate, white; filaments 3.6 - 4.9 mm long, anthers 0.4 - 0.6 x 0.5 - 0.6 mm; ovary 0.9 - 1.1 x 0.8 - 1.2 mm, style 3.8 - 4.0 cm long, pistil the same length as the stamens. Capsules 3 - 3.5 x 2.1 - 2.4 mm. Seeds 1.4 - 1.6 x 1.1 - 1.3 mm, greyish-brown to brown, not cleft towards the embryotega, rugose; hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
310DE64F00F954E28EB2DD6BA1DD1D6D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia atlantica is endemic to Brazil, more precisely to the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo; in the Atlantic Forest domain (Fig. 9). It can be found growing as a terrestrial understorey in shaded and moist forests.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
310DE64F00F954E28EB2DD6BA1DD1D6D.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet makes reference to this species' distribution range, restricted to the Atlantic Forest domain.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
0BEE223D1A8B360D6B16960592028586.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 10 - 60 cm tall, with a definite base, terrestrial or rupicolous, rarely epiphytes. Stems erect, succulent, little branched, branching at the base, rarely branching at the upper half; internodes 1 - 7.4 cm long at base, distally shorter, green with vertical reddish-purple striations to vinaceous, glabrous to velutine to hirsute to glandular-pubescent, light-brown to hyaline hairs. Leaves distichously-alternate to spirally-alternate, sessile; ptyxis convolute; sheaths 0.3 - 1.3 cm long, green to pink to vinaceous, glabrous or velutine to hispid, margins densely setose to hispid, hairs hyaline to light brown to golden, sometimes also with some glandular hairs; blades 1.5 - 17.5 x 0.6 - 3 cm, elliptic to broadly elliptic to ovate to broadly ovate to obovate to broadly obovate, falcate to complicate, succulent, velutine to hispid on both sides or adaxially glabrous to sparsely hispid, abaxially hispid, hairs hyaline to light brown to golden, commonly also with a mixture of glandular hairs, adaxially light to medium to dark green, sometimes with vinaceous stripes, abaxially green to vinaceous, turning olive-green to brown when dry, base cordate to obtuse, rarely cuneate, margin green to vinaceous, ciliolate to ciliate, slightly revolute, apex acute to obtuse; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially slightly impressed, abaxially slightly impressed, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 0.4 - 5.5 cm long, green to vinaceous, glabrous to velutine to hispid, hairs hyaline to light brown to golden, commonly also with a mixture of glandular hairs; peduncle bracts absent; supernumerary bracts absent; cincinni bracts 0.8 - 5.1 x 0.5 - 2.1 cm, leaf-like, similar to each other, broadly elliptic to ovate to broadly ovate, velutine to hispid on both sides or adaxially glabrous to sparsely hispid, abaxially hispid, hairs hyaline to light brown to golden, adaxially light to medium to dark green, rarely with vinaceous stripes, abaxially green to vinaceous, base cordate to obtuse, not saccate, margin ciliolate to ciliate, slightly revolute, apex acute to obtuse; double cincinni 6 - 22 - flowered. Flowers 1.3 - 1.6 cm diam., pedicels 0.5 - 2 cm long, green to vinaceous, velutine to hispid, hairs hyaline to light brown, commonly also with a mixture of glandular hairs; floral buds ovoid; sepals 5 - 7.8 x 2.2 - 3.4 mm, not keeled, green to vinaceous, velutine to hispid, commonly also with a mixture of glandular hairs, hairs hyaline to light brown, rarely golden; petals 4.9 - 7.8 x 4.4 - 7.2 mm, flat, white or white with pink apex to light pink to pink to lilac; filaments 4.7 - 6.7 mm long, anthers 0.8 - 1 x 1 - 1.4 mm; ovary 1 - 1.5 x 0.9 - 1.5 cm, style 2.9 - 5.7 cm long; pistil longer than the stamens. Capsules 3.5 - 4.5 x 2.3 - 3.6 cm. Seeds 1.2 - 2.2 x 0.9 - 1.7 mm, testa medium to dark grey, cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
0BEE223D1A8B360D6B16960592028586.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia cerinthoides is known to occur in Argentina, Brazil (states of Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and Uruguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Chaco and Pampa domains (Fig. 11). It can be found in grasslands growing in full sun or in shaded conditions, directly over rock or as a terrestrial plant. It can be also found growing in sand dunes and in restinga formations in Southern Brazil.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
0BEE223D1A8B360D6B16960592028586.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet " cerinthoides " means " similar to pollen grains ", probablymaking reference to the moniliform hairs of the filaments. These hairs are theorised by Faden (1992) to simulate pollen grains and deceive pollinators into visiting the flowers of Commelinaceae.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
32739FB6225357A381493F6CF82C555A.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 10 - 40 cm tall, with an indefinite base, terrestrial or rupicolous, rarely epiphytes. Stems prostrate with ascending apex, delicate to slightly succulent, little to densely branched; internodes 1.5 - 8.2 cm long at base, distally shorter, medium to dark green or vinaceous, velutine to hispid, hairs golden to light brown. Leaves distichously-alternate, sessile; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.4 - 1 cm long, light to medium green to vinaceous, sometimes with green striations, velutine to hirsute, margin densely setose, hairs golden; blades 1.8 - 7.6 x 0.9 - 3.4 cm, elliptic to broadly elliptic or lanceolate to ovate to broadly ovate, flat, succulent, velutine to hispid on both sides, hairs golden to light brown, adaxially medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, turning black to dark brown or olive-green when dry, base cordate to obtuse, margin ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute, sometimes acuminate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins inconspicuous, adaxially inconspicuous, abaxially inconspicuous, becoming more evident abaxially when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles (0.4 -) 1.1 - 9.5 cm long, velutine to hispid, hairs golden to light brown; cincinni bracts 0.9 - 6.6 x 0.3 - 3.1 cm, unequal to strongly unequal to each other, elliptic to ovate to broadly ovate, leaf-like, velutine to hispid, hairs golden to light brown, medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margin ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute; double cincinni (4 -) 6 - 20 - flowered. Flowers 1.1 - 1.6 cm diam., pedicels 0.6 - 1.3 cm long, glandular-pubescent; floral buds broadly ovoid; sepals 4.7 - 6 x 2.2 - 4 mm, not keeled, light to medium green, glandular-pubescent or with a mixture of glandular and eglandular, golden to light brown hairs; petals 7.2 - 9 x 4.6 - 6.2 mm, white; filaments 5.4 - 6.2 mm long, anthers 0.6 - 1 x 0.3 - 0.7 mm; ovary 0.8 - 1.7 x 0.7 - 1.4 mm, style 3.8 - 4.6 cm long; pistil the same length as the stamens. Capsules 2.7 - 3.2 x 2.2 - 2.8 mm. Seeds 1.1 - 1.5 x 1.0 - 1.4 mm, testa grey to greyish-brown, not cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
32739FB6225357A381493F6CF82C555A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia chrysophylla is endemic to Brazil, more precisely to the states of Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul; in the Atlantic Forest domain (Fig. 13). It can be found growing as a terrestrial, rupicolous or as an epiphyte understorey in shaded and moist forests.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
32739FB6225357A381493F6CF82C555A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet " chrysophylla " means " golden leaves " and is given after the golden hairs that cover the whole plant, but especially the leaves.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
45E6288D7621A05A5FE887389B163544.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 10 - 50 cm tall, with a definite base, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes. Stems erect, succulent, rarely to densely branched at the base, sometimes branching at the upper half; internodes (1.3 -) 3.2 - 5.4 (- 9.2) cm long at base, distally shorter, medium to dark green, glabrous, sometimes with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, light brown to hyaline hairs in the terminal portion of the stems. Leaves distichously or spirally-alternate, sessile; ptyxis convolute; sheaths 0.6 - 2 cm long, light green, sometimes with green striations, glabrous, margin ciliate to setose, hairs hyaline; blades 4.4 - 12.8 x 1.4 - 2.8 cm, elliptic to broadly elliptic to ovate to broadly ovate to obovate, rarely lanceolate, falcate to complicate, succulent, glabrous on both sides, adaxially glossy light-green to green, sometimes glaucous, abaxially slightly lighter, turning olive-green to greyish-green to brown when dry, obtuse to truncate, rarely cuneate, margin green, glabrous or minutely ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute to obtuse, rarely acuminate; midvein conspicuous to inconspicuous, adaxially impressed to inconspicuous, secondary veins inconspicuous on both sides, sometimes adaxially conspicuous. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back, sometimes reduced to a solitary cincinnus in axillary inflorescences; peduncles (0.3 -) 1.4 - 3.6 (- 7.3) cm long, green, the axillary ones sessile, glabrous, sometimes with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, light brown to hyaline hairs; peduncle bracts absent; supernumerary bracts absent; cincinni bracts 1.2 - 3.9 (- 6) x 0.7 - 2.1 cm, leaf-like, rarely unequal or reduced in some axillary inflorescences, broadly ovate to ovate, leaf-like, glabrous, adaxially light to medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green, base cordate to obtuse, not saccate, margin glabrous to minutely ciliolate, sparsely setose at base, slightly revolute, apex acute; main florescence 8 - 28 - flowered. Flowers 0.8 - 1.2 cm diam., pedicels 0.7 - 1.5 cm long, green to vinaceous, glabrous, rarely sparsely glandular-pubescent; floral buds broadly ovoid; sepals 4.6 - 7.5 x 2.7 - 4.4 mm, dorsally keeled, green, rarely vinaceous, setose, with long hyaline hairs along the keel; petals 6 - 7.3 x 4.7 - 5.2 mm, flat, white; filaments 5.1 - 6.6 mm long, anthers 0.6 - 0.8 x 1.1 - 1.3 mm; ovary 1.7 - 1.9 x 1.5 - 1.7 cm, style 4.2 - 5 cm long; pistil longer than the stamens. Capsules 3.6 - 4.2 x 2.1 - 2.7 mm. Seeds 1.2 - 1.8 x 1.1 - 1.6 mm, testa grey to greyish-brown, cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
45E6288D7621A05A5FE887389B163544.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia crassula occurs in Argentina, Brazil (in the states of Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and Uruguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Pampa domains (Fig. 15). It is commonly found growing in rocky outcrops, grasslands and open areas, under full sunlight, as rupicolous or terrestrial. It is also found on roadsides and within the understorey of open forests, as terrestrial or, more rarely, as an epiphyte (Pellegrini et al. 2017).	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
45E6288D7621A05A5FE887389B163544.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet " crassula " makes reference to the extremely succulent vegetative parts characteristic of this species.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
7D43D420674B5BE79A757956B8210623.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 5 - 30 cm tall, with an indefinite base, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes. Stems prostrate with ascending apex, delicate to slightly succulent, little to densely branched; internodes 0.8 - 6.4 cm long at base, distally shorter, medium to dark green or reddish-purple to vinaceous, strigose, hairs hyaline. Leaves distichously-alternate, sessile; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.4 - 0.7 cm long, green to green with vinaceous striations or vinaceous, strigose, margin setose, hairs light brown; blades elliptic to broadly elliptic or broadly ovate, 1.2 - 4.6 x 0.6 - 2.2 cm, flat, succulent, strigose on both sides, adaxially dark to medium bluish-green, turning olive-green to medium brown when dry, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, turning tan to light brown when dry, base cordate to obtuse, margin green to vinaceous, ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins inconspicuous, adaxially inconspicuous, abaxially inconspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 0.6 - 4.3 cm long, medium to dark green or reddish-purple to vinaceous, strigose; cincinni bracts similar to each other, broadly elliptic to broadly ovate, 1 - 3.5 x 0.6 - 1.6 cm, leaf-like, strigose on both sides, adaxially dark to medium bluish-green, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, base cordate, saccate, margin ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute; double cincinni 6 - 10 - flowered. Flowers 0.9 - 1.5 cm diam., pedicels 0.9 - 1.6 cm long, vinaceous, velutine, sometimes with some odd glandular hairs, hairs hyaline; floral buds broadly ovoid; sepals 6 - 6.5 x 2 - 2.6 mm, without keels, vinaceous, rarely green, velutine, hairs hyaline; petals 0.5 - 0.7 x 0.3 - 0.5 cm, flat, white, sometimes pink to lilac; filaments 4.1 - 4.6 mm long, anthers 0.8 - 1 x 1 - 1.3 mm; ovary 0.9 - 1.2 x 0.6 - 1 cm, style 2.6 - 3.2 cm long; pistil the same length as the stamens. Capsules 2.9 - 3.8 x 1.8 - 2.2 mm. Seeds 1.4 - 1.8 x 1.1 - 1.5 mm, testa grey to greyish-brown, not cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
7D43D420674B5BE79A757956B8210623.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Argentina, Brazil (states of Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay and Uruguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Chaco and Pampa domains (Fig. 17). It can be found growing understorey in shaded and moist forests as terrestrial, rupicolous and sometimes as an epiphyte.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
7D43D420674B5BE79A757956B8210623.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet makes clear the great nomenclatural confusion created by Clarke's misinterpretation of Vellozo's plate. It means " boat-shaped bract ", a character present only in the Bolivian T. praetermissa M. Pell. and other members of T. subg. Campelia, on which Clarke partially based his description (Pellegrini et al. 2016; Pellegrini 2017).	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
6DCCEDE572A75142BEDEA18BB183C634.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 30 - 70 cm tall, with indefinite base, rupicolous, rarely terrestrial. Stems erect, succulent, little branched only at the base; internodes 1.8 - 7 cm long at base, distally shorter, green, sometimes with vertical reddish-purple striations, glabrous. Leaves spirally-alternate, sessile; ptyxis convolute; sheaths 0.4 - 3.8 cm long, light green, sometimes with vertical green or reddish-purple striations, glabrous, margin setose, with long hyaline hairs; blades 2.7 - 37.5 x 1.1 - 2.5 cm, linear elliptic to linear lanceolate to lanceolate, rarely ovate, falcate to complicate, succulent, glabrous, adaxially light to medium green, abaxially light green, rarely tinted vinaceous to completely vinaceous, turning olive-green to light brown when dry, base truncate to obtuse, margin green to vinaceous, setose at base or until the middle with long hyaline hairs, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; midvein conspicuous to inconspicuous, secondary veins inconspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate 2 - 3 (- 5) cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 3.5 - 6.2 cm long, green, glabrous; basal bract inconspicuous, tubular, hyaline, glabrous; peduncle bracts absent; supernumerary bracts present, 1 - 3 per inflorescence, similar in shape and size to the cincinni bracts; cincinni bracts 1 - 3.5 x 0.3 - 1.2 cm, unequal to each other, lanceolate to ovate, rarely broadly ovate, spathaceous, glabrous, light green, abaxially slightly lighter, base truncate to obtuse, not saccate, margin green, setose at base or until the middle with long hyaline hairs, flat, apex acute; main florescence (4 -) 6 - 30 - flowered; Flowers 1 - 1.5 cm diam.; floral buds broadly ellipsoid, apex acuminate; pedicels 0.7 - 2 cm long, green, glabrous, rarely sparsely glandular-pubescent, if present hairs hyaline; sepals 4.8 - 7.3 x 1.5 - 3 mm, green, without dorsal keels, glabrous, rarely sparsely pilose at the apex, when present hairs eglandular, hyaline; petals 4 - 8.6 x 2.7 - 5.4 mm, flat, white to white with pink apex to light pink; stamens with filaments 2.8 - 5 mm long, anthers 0.8 - 1 x 1 - 1.2 mm; ovary 1 - 1.7 x 1 - 1.3 cm, style 4 - 5.8 cm long; pistil longer than length the stamens. Capsules 2.8 - 4.2 x 1.8 - 3 mm. Seeds 1.1 - 3 x 1 - 1.8 mm, cleft towards the embryotega, testa grey to greyish-brown, cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
6DCCEDE572A75142BEDEA18BB183C634.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia decora is endemic to the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; in the Atlantic Forest and Pampa domains (Fig. 19). It can be found growing as rupicolous, rarely as a terrestrial, in rocky walls.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
6DCCEDE572A75142BEDEA18BB183C634.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet " decora " means decorated, ornamented, making reference to this species beautiful appearance, decorated by its lush foliage.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
8248E8CAEF5C11222C7CEA78D2708AC4.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 15 - 50 cm tall, with an indefinite base, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes. Stems prostrate with ascending apex, delicate to slightly succulent, little to densely branched; internodes 1.6 - 9 cm long at base, distally shorter, medium to dark green, glabrous, with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline hairs in the terminal portion of the stems. Leaves distichously-alternate, subpetiolate; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.2 - 1.3 cm long, medium green, glabrous, margin densely setose, hairs hyaline to light brown; petiole 0.2 - 1.5 cm long to indistinct; blades (1.3 - 1.6 -) 2.2 - 11.8 x (0.6 - 0.8 -) 1.1 - 4.8 cm, elliptic to broadly elliptic or ovate to broadly ovate, flat, membranous to slightly succulent, glabrous on both sides, adaxially dark to medium green, abaxially light to medium green, turning olive-green or medium to dark brown when dry, base cordate to obtuse, rarely cuneate, margin green, ciliolate, flat, apex acute; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially conspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 0.6 - 4.7 cm long, dark to medium green, glabrous to sparsely pilose near the cincinni bracts, with a longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline hairs, opposed to the first cincinni bract; cincinni bracts 1.1 - 5.7 x 0.5 - 2.6 cm, similar to each other, ovate to broadly ovate, leaf-like, glabrous, medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margin ciliolate, sometimes sparsely setose at base, flat, apex acute; double cincinni (4 -) 6 - 12 - flowered. Flowers 1.5 - 2 cm diam., pedicels 0.6 - 1.5 cm long, medium green, glabrous to distally sparsely glandular-pubescent, hairs hyaline; floral buds ovoid; sepals 4.6 - 6.7 x 2.6 - 4.4 mm, dorsally keeled, medium green, pilose along the keel; petals 0.7 - 1 x 0.4 - 0.6 mm, plicate, white; filaments 5 - 5.2 mm long, anthers 0.8 - 1 x 0.9 - 1 mm; ovary 1 - 2.1 x 0.9 - 1.3 mm, style 3.5 - 4.4 mm long; pistil the same length as the stamens. Capsules 3.3 - 4.1 x 2.7 - 2.9 cm. Seeds 1.4 - 1.6 x 1.1 - 1.2 mm, testa brown to greyish-brown, not cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum equal 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
8248E8CAEF5C11222C7CEA78D2708AC4.taxon	materials_examined	Examined material. ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires: Berazategui, Conchitas, fl., Dec 1919, A. Castellanos 794 (BA); La Plata, fl., 18 Oct 1928, A. L. Cabrera 441 (LP); fl., 15 Oct 1941, A. L. Cabrera 9796 (LP). Chaco: 1 ° de Mayo, Colonia Benitez, fl., 9 Oct 1970, A. G. Schulz 17677 (CORD, CTES, SI). Cordoba: Cordoba, fl., 24 Oct 1902, T. J. V. Stuckert 11937 (CORD); fl., 25 Nov 1902, T. J. V. Stuckert 12151 (CORD); Punilla, Capilla del Monte, en las proximidades del Cerro El Zapato, fl., 30 May 1955, M. M. Job s. n. (BA no. 29081). Corrientes: Mercedes, Macrosistema Ibera, Estancia Rincon del Diablo, fl., 28 Aug 1998, M. M. Arbo et al. 8010 (CORD, CTES); Santo Tome, Garruchos, destacamento de Prefectura a orillas del Rio Uruguay, fl., 6 Sep 1993, M. M. Arbo et al. 5826 (CTES). Misiones: Cainguas, Predio UNLP Reserva Privada Valle del Arroyo Cuna Piru, margenes del arroyo Cuna Piru, cerca del balneario, fl., 14 Mar 2000, F. Biganzoli et al. 800 (CORD); Candelaria, Bonpland, fl., Oct 1906, H. Van de Venne 67 (BA); Guarani, Ruta Nacional 14, Km 315, camino de San Vicente a San Pedro, desvio hacia el obraje de M. Carre, 13 km de R- 14, fl., 13 Feb 1996, O. Morrone et al. 747 (CORD); San Ignacio, Teyucuare, Penon Reina Victoria, fl., 25 Sep 1972, A. Schinini 5603 (CORD); San Pedro, Parque Provincial Cruce Caballero, picada al NW, fl., 23 Sep 1997, F. O. Zuloaga & O. Morrone 6478 (CORD). Santa Fe: Santa Fe, fl., 1 Sep 1984, A. Gagneten 25 (CORD). BRAZIL. Espirito Santo: Aracruz, Guarana, pres Ribeirao do Meio, fl., 30 Jul 1993, M. Pignal H 310 (BAH, P); Castelo, Parque Estadual do Forno Grande, fl., 1 Nov 2004, L. Kollmann 7221 (MBML); trilha para o Forninho, fl., 15 Oct 2008, R. C. Forzza et al. 5334 (CEPEC, MBML, RB, UPCB); Vargem Alta, fl., 2 Sep 1946, A. C. Brade 19416 (RB); Domingos Martins, between Sao Pedro de Urania and Pedra Azul, fl., 31 Jul 1986, T. B. Croat 61837 (MO, R); Santa Maria de Jequitiba, Pedra do Garrafao, fl., 23 Aug 2015, M. C. Almeida 121 (R). Minas Gerais: Caete, alto da Serra da Piedade, fl., 9 Nov 2002, J. A. Lombardi 4933 (HRCB, US); Caldas, Serra de Sao Domingos, fl., 28 Feb 2013, M. O. O. Pellegrini & J. F. Barbosa 321 (RB); Tiradentes, Serra de Sao Jose, fl., fr., 3 Oct 1987, M. Peron 358 (RB). Parana: Carambei, Catanduva de Fora, fl., 25 Aug 2013, M. E. Engels 1469 (ALCB, FURB, HCF, JOI, MBM, RB, UNOP, UPCB); Catanduvas, Barra do Guarani, fl., 10 Oct 1974, G. Hatschbach & P. Pelanda 35124 (K, MBM); Curitiba, Parque Barigui, fl., fr., 10 Nov 1970, L. T. Drombowski & Y. S. Kuniyoshi 3069 (MBM, US); fl., 18 Nov 197, R. Kummrow 107 (K, MBM); Campina do Siqueira, fl., 20 Nov 1966, C. Stellfeld 1643 (UPCB, US); Jardim Botanico de Curitiba, fl., 26 Aug 1993, J. Cordeiro & J. M. Silva 1092 (FLOR, MBM, UEC, US); fl., 24 Sep 2014, M. O. O. Pellegrini et al. 407 (US); Parque Municipal Capao da Embuia, fl., 25 Sep 2014, M. O. O. Pellegrini et al. 410 (RB); Itapecerica da Serra, Aldeinha, BR- 116, km 299, fl., fr., 5 Oct 1998, L. N. Hara s. n. (FUEL no. 29803); Mariopolis, rodovia Pato Branco-Palmas, km 205, fl., 21 Nov 1999, D. C. Rocha s. n. (BOTU no. 23008); Palmeira, fl., s. dat., T. A. Preston s. n. (K barcode K 001248126); Sao Jose dos Pinhais, Caminho do Vinho, area de plantacao de agriao, fl., fr., 25 Sep 2014, M. O. O. Pellegrini et al. 413 (RB). Rio de Janeiro: s. loc., fl., fr., s. dat., G. Gardner s. n. (K barcode K 001248117); fl., s. dat., C. Gaudichaud 340 (P); fl., s. dat., J. Miers 3031 (K); fl., fr., s. dat., F. Sellow 186 (K); environs de Rio de Janeiro, fl., 1843, M. Weddel 180 (P); fl., fr., 1843, M. Weddel 595 (P); fl., 1843, M. Weddel 598 (P); Guapimirim, Granja Monte Olivete, margem do Rio Bananal, fl., 17 Nov 1993, J. M. A. Braga et al. 844 (RB); Rio Bananal, fl., fr., 16 Aug 1995, J. A. Lira Neto et al. 94 (RB); Mangaratiba, Reserva Ecologica do Rio das Pedras, proximo ao poco do Rio Grande, fl., fr., 31 Nov 1996, J. A. Lira Neto et al. 472 (RB); Nova Friburgo, Morro da Caledonia, fl., fr., 8 Jun 1977, G. Martinelli et al. 2465 (RB); Macae de Cima, Fazenda Ouro Verde, fl., 30 Jul 1994, C. M. Vieira et al. 610 (RB); fl., 26 Jan 2012, M. O. O. Pellegrini et al. 208 (RB); Mury, Cachoeira do Rio das Flores, fl., fr., 24 Jul 1986, M. Leitman 135 (RB); fl., 10 Oct 2004, A. F. P. Machado 363 (RB, SPF); Petropolis, fl., s. dat., T. A. Preston s. n. (K barcode K 001248127); prope Petropolis, fl., fr., 10 - 16 Jul 1882, J. Bal s. n. (K barcode K 001248130); Cascatinha, fl., fr., 18 Jul 1943, O. C. Goes & D. Constantino 348 (RB); fl., fr., Jul 1944, O. C. Goes & E. Dionisio 797 (RB); Estrada da Saudade, Morro Seco, fl., fr., Dec 1943, O. C. Goes & E. Constantino 920 (RB); fl., Castelanea, 8 Sep 2010, M. O. O. Pellegrini 48 (RB, RFA); Resende, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, margem do Rio Campo Belo, perto do lote 17, fl., 17 Oct 1977, V. F. Ferreira & Briolanjo 136 (RB); Rio Claro, Lidice, Parque Estadual Cunhambebe, caminho para o Alto da Serra, 7 Aug 2013, fl., fr., B. C. Bandeira et al. 256 (RB); Rio de Janeiro, Serra do Andarai, fl., 19 Dec 1946, L. E. Mello-Filho 529 (R); Tijuca, caminho do Morro do Archer, fl., fr., 10 Nov 1948, A. C. Brade et al. s. n. (RB no. 65375); Parque Nacional da Tijuca, fl., fr., 27 Oct 1995, M. G. Bovini et al. 899 (RB); Corcovado, fl., fr., 1837, G. Gardner 135 (K, P); Paineiras, fl., fr., 5 Oct 1879, R. Galvao 143 (P); trilha para o Morro da Cocanha, Alto da Boa Vista, fl., fr., 16 Jan 1994, J. M. A. Braga & R. Neves 943 (RB); fl., 1 Nov 1996, J. M. A. Braga 3647 (RB); Vargem Grande, Morro do Manga Larga, fl., fr., 2 Dec 1995, C. M. Vieira et al. 758 (RB); Santa Maria Madalena, fl., fr., s. dat., A. Lisboa s. n. (RB no. 2653); Fazenda da Boa Fe, fl., 11 Sep 1942, L. E. Mello-Filho 88 (R); Mata do Garrafao, fl., May 1917, A. Sampaio 2655 (R); Parque Nacional da Serra dos Orgaos, Trilha Suspensa, fl., 23 Sep 2011, C. P. Bruniera et al. 385 (RB, SPFR); fl., 22 Oct 2012, D. O. Dinato et al. 11 (HRCB, UPCB); Praca da Barragem, fl., 12 Sep 2014, L. S. B. Calazans et al. 448 (RB); Venda Nova, fl., 22 Aug 2004, C. H. R. Paula 650 (RB). Rio Grande do Sul: Arroio do Ouro, Vale Real, fl., 31 Aug 1998, S. Diesel 1521 (US); Cachoeira do Sul, Fazenda Sao Carlos, fl., Sep 1987, N. Silveira & J. Mattos 6681 (HAS); Canela, fl., 10 Nov 2006, M. L. Guedes 12706 (ALCB); Erehim, campus da Uri, fl., 21 Oct 1993, A. Butzke 10824 (US); Esteio, prope Porte Alegre, fl., fr., 24 Nov 1948, B. Rambo 38326 (HBR); Centro dos Trabalhadores, fl., Nov 1974, M. L. Porto & L. Aguiar s. n. (HAS no. 1533); Farroupilha, fl., 26 Oct 1956, O. R. Camargo 885 (PACA); Montenegro, Pareci, fl., 10 Oct 1945, E. Henz s. n. (PACA no. 32711); fl., 17 Aug 1949, B. Rambo 43004 (K, LIL, PACA); Porto Alegre, fl., s. dat., O. R. Camargo 2454 (PACA); Morro do Sabia, fl., 5 Oct 1949, B. Rambo 43764 (K, LIL, PACA); Vila Manresa, fl., 27 Nov 1945, B. Rambo 30667 (K, PACA); Reserva Biologica do Lami, fl., Sep 2003, A. S. Mello & D. Fuhro s. n. (HAS no. 45477); Sao Francisco de Paula, Cambara, fl., fr., Feb 1948, R. Rambo 36590 (PACA); Sao Leopoldo, fl., 1907, F. Theissen s. n. (PACA no. 25293); Silveira Martins, fl., 6 Oct 2011, G. A. Dettke & J. Durigon 959 (ICN); Taquari, Estacao Experimental de Pomicultura, fl., 8 Nov 1958, O. R. Camargo 3319 (PACA); Triunfo, Bom Jardim, CMN 7, fl., Aug 1977, I. Ungaretti 532 (HAS); Viamao, bairro Taruma, regiao do entorno do Lago Taruma, fl., s. dat., P. J. S. Silva Filho 1597 (ICN). Santa Catarina: Bocaina do Sul, Pessegueiros, fl., 8 Nov 2010, G. A. Dettke 476 (ICN); Bom Jardim da Serra, Serra do Rio do Rastro, fl., s. dat., M. Sobral et al. 9019 (ICN); Ibirama, fl., 20 Oct 1953, R. M. Klein 614 (HBR); Itapiranga, proximidades do Rio Uruguai, fl., 6 Feb 1951, B. Rambo 49832 (PACA); Rodeio, fl., 19 Oct 2015, L. A. Funez 4550 (FURB); Sao Bento do Sul, Trilha do Parque Florestal do SAMAE, pequeno remanescente de mata proximo a estrada, fl., 28 Sep 2014, M. O. O. Pellegrini & P. Schwirkowski 420 (RB); Sao Francisco do Sul, fl., 13 Oct 2008, T. G. Fendrich 7136 (HUFSJ, JOI); Timbo, Centro, margem do Rio dos Cedros, fl., 11 Oct 2014, L. A. Funez 3558 (FURB); Turvo, Arar, 20. x. 1943, fl., R. Reitz 73 (HBR, RB). Sao Paulo: s. loc., fl., Aug 1942, s. leg. s. n. (CESJ no. 812, HAS no. 67752); Biritiba Mirim, Estacao Biologica de Boraceia, fl., 29 Sep 1983, A. Custodio Filho 1568 (RB, SP); Campinas, Fazenda Santa Eliza, Mon jolinho, fl., 9 Sep 2004, J. L. M. Aranha Filho et al. 26 (UEC); Cunha, fl., 7 Sep 2015, A. Maruyama & L. Cicco 40 (SPSF); fl., 12 Oct 2015, A. Maruyama & L. Cicco 134 (SPSF); fl., 12 Oct 2015, A. Maruyama & L. Cicco 151 (SPSF); Reserva Estadual de Cunha, Instituto Florestal, Secretaria de Agricultura, fl., fr., 20 Nov 1979, A. Fonseca Vaz 294 (RADAM, RB); Itapeva, rodovia Francisco Alves Negrao, SP- 258, entre Itapeva-Itarare, km 289, fl., 23 Oct 2007, R. C. Forzza et al. 4765 (CEPEC, RB, SPF); Santo Andre, Reserva Biologica do Alto da Serra de Paranapiacaba, fl., 11 Oct 2006, M. Kirizawa 3550 (RB, SP); Sao Paulo, Butanta, fl., 16 Sep 1919, F. C. Hoehne s. n. (SP no. 3414); Mandaqui, fl., May 1913, Toledo 637 (RB); Jardim Botanico e Parque do estado, fl., 12 Aug 1968, T. Sendulksy 981 (RB, SP); mata do Instituto de Botanica de Sao Paulo, fl., 22 Nov 1976, F. S. Cavalcante & I. T. Menezes 5 (RB, SP); arredores do Castelinho do Instituto de Botanica de Sao Paulo, fl., 21 Nov 1980, N. A. Rosa & J. M. Pires 3824 (INPA, K); fl., 14 Oct 1982, M. C. B. Attie et al. 52 (RB, SP); Reserva da Cidade Universitaria Armando de Salles Oliveira, fl., 18 Aug 1998, M. Groppo Jr. 345 (SP, SPF); Reserva Biologica do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, fl., 20 Apr 1979, M. Kirizawa 418 (RB, SP); fl., 20 Jun 1979, M. Kirizawa 419 (RB, SP); fl., 25 Jun 1979, J. A. Correa 94 (RB, SP); fl., 9 Sep 1980, M. G. L. Wanderley 138 (RB, SP); fl., 1 Sep 1982, R. D. Marassi 5 (K, RB, SP). PARAGUAY. Itapua: Isla Yacyreta, Zona de transicion, extremo de dunas, fl., 14 Aug 1992, A. B. Pin 207 (CORD, CTES). URUGUAY. Without province: s. loc., fl., 23 Feb 1912, P. Serre s. n. (P barcode P 01639779). Canelones: Santa Lucia, fl., 14 Nov 1922, H. M. Smith 63 (US). Montevideo: s. loc., fl., s. dat., J. Tweedie s. n. (K); Malvin, fl., s. dat., F. Felippone 4565 (CORD); Nico Perez, fl., 25 Nov 1947, W. G. F. Herter 436 d (SI, US); Peniarolli, fl., Oct 1926, W. G. F. Herter 436 a (P).	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
8248E8CAEF5C11222C7CEA78D2708AC4.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Argentina and Brazil (states of Espirito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay and Uruguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Chaco and Pampa domains (Fig. 21). It can be found growing as terrestrial or epiphyte understorey in shaded moist forests, as a weed and at roadsides.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
8248E8CAEF5C11222C7CEA78D2708AC4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet " fluminensis " makes reference to the region the species was originally described, the state of Rio de Janeiro.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
A0B07DBC71135DE0A9FF769535EAEE6E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Similar to T. fluminensis due to its indefinite base, stems prostrate with ascending apex, involute ptyxis, leaf-blades with conspicuous secondary veins, saccate cincinni bracts, ovoid floral buds, keeled sepals, pistil the same length as the stamens and seeds with costate testa. It can be differentiated by its sessile leaves, blades hispid, margins ciliate, but setose at base, sepals setose along the keel, petals flat and hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
A0B07DBC71135DE0A9FF769535EAEE6E.taxon	materials_examined	Type. BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: Paraty, estrada para o Pico do Coriscao, proximo a um rio, 222 m. s. m., 23 ° 14 ' 99 " S, 44 ° 47 ' 68 " W, fl., fr., 18 Dec 2007, M. G. Bovini et al. 2694 (holotype: RB barcode RB 00537845!; isotypes to be distributed to: R!, SPF!, US!).	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
A0B07DBC71135DE0A9FF769535EAEE6E.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 30 - 60 cm tall, with an indefinite base, terrestrial. Stems prostrate with ascending apex, delicate to slightly succulent, branched to densely branched; internodes 1.8 - 4.5 cm long at base, distally shorter, medium to dark green, glabrous, with a leaf-opposed dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, brown to light brown hairs. Leaves distichously-alternate, sessile; ptyxis involute; sheaths 4.1 - 7.6 mm long, medium green, glabrous, with a dense setose line of uniseriate hairs opposed to the blade, margin densely setose, hairs light to medium brown; blades 6.4 - 13.6 x 1.9 - 3.8 cm, lanceolate to elliptic to linear oblong, flat, membranous, adaxially sparsely hispid to hispid, abaxially hispid, adaxially dark to medium green, abaxially light to medium green, turning olive-green or medium brown when dry, base rounded to cordate, margins green, ciliate, setose at base, flat, apex acuminate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially inconspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 1.9 - 3.8 cm long, medium to dark green, glabrous, with a dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, light to medium brown hairs; cincinni bracts 3.8 - 7.7 x 1 - 2.6 cm, unequal to strongly unequal to each other, lanceolate to ovate, leaf-like, adaxially sparsely hispid to hispid, abaxially hispid, adaxially dark to medium green, abaxially light to medium green, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margin ciliate, setose at base, flat, apex acuminate; double-cincinni 6 - 12 - flowered. Flowers 1.2 - 1.5 cm diam., pedicels 0.5 - 1.3 cm long, medium to dark green, distally sparsely glandular-pubescent, hairs hyaline; floral buds ovoid; sepals 4.6 - 6.5 x 3 - 4.8 mm, dorsally keeled, medium green, setose along the keel, hairs hyaline; petals 5.9 - 7.5 x 3 - 4.3 mm, flat, white; filaments 4.9 - 5.8 mm long, anthers 0.4 - 0.6 x 0.6 - 0.9 mm; ovary 1.3 - 1.7 x 1.1 - 1.3 cm, style 4 - 5.1 mm long; pistil the same length as the stamens. Capsules 4.2 - 5 x 3.4 - 4.3 cm. Seeds 1.5 - 1.8 x 1.2 - 1.4 mm, testa light to medium grey, not cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
A0B07DBC71135DE0A9FF769535EAEE6E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia hertweckii is endemic to Brazil, more precisely to the state of Rio de Janeiro, municipality of Paraty; in the Atlantic Forest domains (Fig. 23). It can be found growing as a terrestrial, understorey in shaded and moist forests, near river margins.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
A0B07DBC71135DE0A9FF769535EAEE6E.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after Dr. Kate Hertweck, dear colleague and specialist in subtribe Tradescantiinae, in appreciation for her contributions to the systematics and evolution of Monocots and Commelinaceae, especially regarding the evolution of Tradescantia.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
D401A6FB4D951B67D59FBB2FFFD8E691.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 5 - 30 cm tall, with an indefinite base, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes. Stems prostrate with ascending apex, delicate to slightly succulent, little to densely branched; internodes 1 - 6.2 (- 9.3) cm long at base, distally shorter, medium to dark green or vinaceous, strigose, generally with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline hairs. Leaves distichously-alternate, basal leaves subpetiolate; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.5 - 1.2 cm long, green to vinaceous, strigose, margin sparsely setose to densely setose, hairs hyaline to light brown; petiole 0.2 - 0.5 (- 1 - 1.3) cm long to indistinct; blades 1.1 - 6.7 (- 7.8 - 13.4) x 0.6 - 3.4 cm, lanceolate to elliptic, rarely ovate, flat, chartaceous, adaxially glabrous to sparsely strigose to strigose, abaxially to sparsely strigose to strigose, rarely glabrous, adaxially medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, turning olive-green to medium brown when dry, base cuneate, rarely obtuse, margins green, ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially inconspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 1.4 - 5.3 (- 9.3) cm long, medium to dark green or vinaceous, glabrous to sparsely strigose, with a dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline hairs; cincinni bracts 2.2 - 5.3 (- 8.7 - 10.6) x 1 - 2.1 cm, similar to each other, broadly elliptic to ovate, leaf-like, adaxially glabrous to sparsely strigose to strigose, abaxially sparsely strigose to strigose, adaxially green, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margin ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; double-cincinni 6 - 8 - flowered. Flowers 1 - 1.4 cm diam., pedicels 0.9 - 1.7 cm long, medium to dark green or vinaceous, velutine, sometimes with some odd glandular hairs, hairs hyaline; floral buds ovoid; sepals 5.1 - 7.5 x 2.4 - 4.1 mm, dorsally keeled, green, velutine, hairs generally caducous when dry, persistent only along the keel, hyaline; petals 6.3 - 7.6 x 3.8 - 5.1 mm, flat, white; filaments 4.4 - 5.6 mm long, anthers 1 - 1.2 x 0.8 - 1 mm; ovary 1.4 - 1.9 x 1 - 1.3 cm, style 3 - 5 mm long; pistil the same length as the stamens. Capsules 2.7 - 3.6 x 2.3 - 2.7 cm. Seeds 1 - 1.7 x 0.9 - 1.3 mm, testa greyish-brown to grey, not cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum equal 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
D401A6FB4D951B67D59FBB2FFFD8E691.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia mundula is known to occur in Argentina, Brazil (states of Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and Uruguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Chaco and Pampa domains (Fig. 25). It can be found growing understorey in shaded and moist forests and also in open forests, as a terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphyte.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
D401A6FB4D951B67D59FBB2FFFD8E691.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet " mundula " means adorned, making reference to the strigose vegetative organs and the velutine sepals that characterise this species.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
8EDC613313985E13BCE4D9B837D80071.taxon	description	Description. Herbs rupicolous, ca. 20 - 40 cm tall. Stem erect, succulent, little branched, branching at the base, rarely branching at the upper half; internodes 3.1 - 6.3 cm long at base, distally shorter, green to reddish-purple to vinaceous, glaucous, glabrous. Leaves distichously-alternate, sessile; ptyxis convolute; sheaths 0.4 - 1.3 cm long, green to green with vinaceous striations to vinaceous, glaucous, glabrous, margin glabrous; blades ovate to broadly ovate, 2.8 - 7.7 x 0.9 - 3.2 cm, falcate to complicate, succulent, glabrous, adaxially light-green, glaucous, abaxially slightly lighter to reddish-purple to vinaceous, glaucous, turning olive-green to light-brown when dry, base cordate to slightly amplexicaulous to obtuse, rarely cuneate, margin green, glabrous, slightly revolute, apex acute; midvein conspicuous to inconspicuous, adaxially impressed to inconspicuous, secondary veins inconspicuous on both sides, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Inflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, 1 per leaf axis; peduncles 1.6 - 3.7 cm long, green to reddish-purple to vinaceous, glaucous, glabrous; cincinni bracts unequal to strongly unequal to each other, ovate to broadly ovate, 0.7 - 3.3 x 0.4 - 1.2 cm, leaf-like, glabrous, adaxially light-green, glaucous, abaxially slightly lighter to reddish-purple to vinaceous, glaucous, base cordate to obtuse, not saccate, margin glabrous, slightly revolute, apex acute; double cincinni ca. 6 - 14 - flowered. Flowers 0.8 - 1 cm diam., pedicels 0.7 - 1.4 cm long, green to reddish-purple to vinaceous, glaucous, glabrous, rarely with some odd glandular hairs; floral buds ellipsoid; sepals 4.8 - 5.9 x 2.4 - 4.6 mm, dorsally keeled, green to reddish-purple to vinaceous, glaucous, glabrous; petals 6.3 - 7 x 3.2 - 4.4 mm, light-pink to pink; filaments 2.8 - 3.2 mm long, anthers 0.5 - 0.8 x 1.3 - 1.5 mm; ovary 1 - 1.3 x 0.9 - 1.2 cm, style 4.3 - 8.5 cm long; pistil longer than the stamens. Capsule 1.8 - 2.6 x 1.8 - 2.2 cm. Seeds 1 - 1.2 x 0.8 - 1 mm, testa grey to greyish-brown, costate, cleft towards the embryotega; hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
8EDC613313985E13BCE4D9B837D80071.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia seubertiana is endemic to the alpine region of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, Brazil; in the Atlantic Forest and Pampa domains (Fig. 27). It can be found growing on wet rock walls, from ca. 700 to 1.800 metres above sea level.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
8EDC613313985E13BCE4D9B837D80071.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species was named after the prominent German botanist Moritz August Seubert (1818 - 1878), in appreciation for his extensive contribution to Commelinaceae systematics, especially for his contributions to the knowledge of the Brazilian Commelinaceae.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
758AA4E415C18FE6CF11184EA9283C24.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 5 - 50 cm tall, with a definite base, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes. Stems erect, succulent, densely branched to fruticose; internodes 1.5 - 9.2 cm long at base, distally shorter, light to medium green to vinaceous, glabrous, sometimes glandular-pubescent or sparsely hirsute or a mixture of glandular and eglandular hairs, with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline hairs in the terminal portion of the stems. Leaves distichously-alternate, sessile to subpetiolate; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.3 - 1.3 cm long, light to medium green, glabrous to hirsute, margin densely setose, hairs hyaline to light brown; petiole 0.2 - 2.4 cm long to indistinct; blades (0.5 - 0.9 -) 1.2 - 14.8 x 0.5 - 3.6 cm, ovate to broadly ovate, rarely elliptic to lanceolate, flat, membranous to chartaceous, glabrous to sparsely hirsute on both sides, adaxially light to medium to dark green, sometimes with a vinaceous stripe along the midvein, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, turning olive-green to greyish-green when dry, base cordate to obtuse, rarely cuneate, margins green, ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially conspicuous, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 1.9 - 5.3 (- 9.3) cm long, light to medium to dark green or vinaceous, glabrous, sometimes glandular-pubescent or sparsely hirsute, with a dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline to light brown hairs; cincinni bracts 0.4 - 8.1 x 0.2 - 3.1 cm, unequal to strongly unequal to each other, elliptic to ovate to broadly ovate, leaf-like, glabrous to sparsely hirsute, light to medium to dark green, sometimes with a vinaceous stripe along the midvein, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margin ciliolate, slightly revolute, apex acute; double cincinni (4 -) 8 - 14 - flowered. Flowers 0.4 - 1.0 cm diam., pedicels 0.4 - 1.7 cm long, green to vinaceous, sparsely glandular-pubescent to glandular-pubescent; floral buds ovoid; sepals 3 - 6.6 x 1.8 - 2.5 mm, dorsally keeled, green, sparsely glandular-pubescent to glandular-pubescent, rarely glabrous, hairs hyaline; petals 3.5 - 6.8 x 4 - 5.1 mm, white to white with pink apex to light pink to pink; filaments 3.8 - 4.1 mm long, anthers 0.9 - 1.1 x 1.2 - 1.8 mm; ovary 1.6 - 1.8 x 1.1 - 1.4 cm, style 3.5 - 3.8 mm long; pistil the same length as the stamens. Capsules 2.6 - 4.5 x 2.2 - 2.5 cm. Seeds 0.9 - 1.7 x 0.9 - 1.5 mm, testa grey to greyish-brown, not cleft towards the embryotega, rugose; hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
758AA4E415C18FE6CF11184EA9283C24.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia tenella is known to occur in Argentina, Brazil (states of Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay and Uruguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Chaco and Pampa domains (Fig. 29). It can be found growing understorey in shaded and moist forests, between rocks near waterfalls and in clay ravines, as terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphyte.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
758AA4E415C18FE6CF11184EA9283C24.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet " tenella " means " delicate ", " small ", probably making reference to its delicate appearance and also to the small portion available to Kunth when describing the species.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
9129EA20187D5A519326B944623DCE07.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Similar to T. tenella due to its definite base, densely branched stems, hirsute leaves, conspicuous secondary veins, saccate and strongly unequal cincinni bracts, keeled sepals, flat petals, pistil the same length as the stamens, seeds with rugose testa and hilum shorter than 1 / 2 the length of the seed. It can be differentiated by its prostrate stems with ascending apex, sessile to subpetiolate leaves, hyaline to light brown hairs, ellipsoid floral buds and sepals with a mixture of glandular and eglandular hairs, but exclusively hispid along the keel.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
9129EA20187D5A519326B944623DCE07.taxon	materials_examined	Type. BOLIVIA. Santa Cruz: Florida, Tierras Nuevas, km 55 camino de Mairana a Postrevalle, fl., fr., 21 Nov 2004, J. R. I. Wood & H. Huayalla 21010 (holotype: K!; isotype: HSB!).	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
9129EA20187D5A519326B944623DCE07.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 20 - 55 cm tall, with a definite base, terrestrial or rupicolous, rarely epiphytes. Stems erect, sometimes prostrate with ascending apex, succulent, little to densely branched; internodes 1.6 - 12.1 cm long at base, distally shorter, medium to dark green or vinaceous, sometimes with green longitudinal striations or spots, velutine to hispid, sometimes becoming glabrous with age, with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline hairs in the terminal portion of the stems. Leaves distichously-alternate, sessile to subpetiolate; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.4 - 1 cm long, medium green, with longitudinal vinaceous striations, sparsely velutine to hispid, margin setose, hairs hyaline to light brown; petiole 0.2 - 1.2 cm long to indistinct in the apical leaves; blades 1.1 - 8.7 x 0.9 - 3.2 cm, narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate or ovate to broadly ovate, flat, membranous to chartaceous, sparsely hispid to hispid on both sides, hairs hyaline to light brown, adaxially medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, turning medium brown to olive-green when dry, base cordate to round, margin green, ciliate, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially impressed, abaxially inconspicuous, becoming evident when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles (0.8 - 2.0 -) 3.4 - 8.2 cm long, velutine to hispid, with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate hairs, in the terminal portion of the stems, hairs hyaline to light brown; cincinni bracts 1.1 - 4.8 x (0.5 -) 1 - 2.7 cm, leaf-like, unequal to strongly unequal to each other, rarely similar to each other, elliptic or ovate to broadly ovate, sparsely hispid, hairs hyaline to light brown, adaxially medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green or vinaceous, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margins ciliolate to hispid, hairs hyaline to light brown, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate; double cincinni (4 -) 6 - 12 - flowered. Flowers 1.2 - 1.6 cm diam., pedicels 0.7 - 2.2 cm long, vinaceous, with a mixture of glandular and eglandular hairs; floral buds ellipsoid; sepals 3.1 - 7.6 x 2.4 - 3.5 mm, keeled, green, with a mixture of glandular and eglandular hairs, hispid along the keel composed exclusively by eglandular hairs, hyaline to light brown; petals 6.6 - 7.2 x 3.3 - 5.2 mm, white to pink; filaments 5.6 - 6.3 mm long, anthers 0.6 - 0.7 x 0.8 - 0.9 mm; ovary 0.7 - 0.9 x 0.7 - 0.9 mm, style 5.4 - 6.5 mm long; pistil the same length as the stamens. Capsules 3.2 - 4.1 x 2.3 - 3.8 mm. Seeds 1.4 - 2.4 x 1 - 1.4 mm, testa grey, not cleft towards the embryotega, rugose; hilum shorter than or equal to 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
9129EA20187D5A519326B944623DCE07.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Tradescantia tucumanensis is mainly distributed from Argentina to Bolivia, in the Tucumano-Boliviano Forest formation (Chaco and Andean Yungas domains), but also reaching Paraguay in the dry forests of the Atlantic Forest domain (Fig. 31). It can be found growing as a terrestrial or rupicolous herb and seems to be associated with considerably drier habitats than all other species from the T. fluminensis group.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
9129EA20187D5A519326B944623DCE07.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet makes reference to the species distribution, restricted to the Tucumano-Boliviano Forest formation in Argentina and Bolivia.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
3861A11D1D315B408E9DCC612833EFA6.taxon	description	Description. Herbs ca. 30 - 80 cm tall, with an indefinite base, terrestrial, rupicolous or epiphytes. Stems prostrate with ascending apex, succulent to slightly fibrous, little to densely branched; internodes 2.8 - 10 cm long at base, distally shorter, light to medium to dark green or reddish-purple to vinaceous, glabrous to sparsely pilose, with a leaf-opposed longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline to light brown hairs in the terminal portion of the stems. Leaves distichously-alternate, sessile; ptyxis involute; sheaths 0.5 - 2.3 cm long, light to medium to dark green or reddish-purple to vinaceous, glabrous to pilose to sparsely hispid, margin densely setose, hairs hyaline to light brown; blades 3.8 - 19.1 x 1 - 3.5 cm, linear lanceolate to lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, flat, chartaceous, sometimes membranous, glabrous on both sides or adaxially glabrous and abaxially pilose, hairs hyaline to light brown, adaxially medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green, rarely vinaceous, turning dark brown to black when dry, base truncate to amplexicaulous or round, margins green, ciliolate to ciliolate, flat, apex acuminate to caudate; midvein conspicuous, adaxially impressed, secondary veins conspicuous, adaxially slightly impressed to impressed, abaxially prominent, becoming more evident on both sides when dry. Synflorescences terminal or axillar in the distal portion of the stems, composed of a solitary main florescence, 1 - 4 per leaf axis. Inflorescences (main florescences) consisting of a pedunculate double-cincinni fused back to back; peduncles 0.5 - 4.3 cm long, light to medium to dark green, glabrous to pilose, with a dense longitudinal line of short, uniseriate, hyaline to light brown hairs; cincinni bracts 0.5 - 1.5 (- 2.3 - 6.2) x 0.2 - 1 (- 1.4) cm, similar to each other, cordate to broadly cordate, rarely lanceolate, spathaceous, rarely leaf-like, glabrous or pilose to sparsely hispid, medium to dark green, abaxially light to medium green, base cordate to obtuse, saccate, margins ciliolate to ciliolate, flat, apex acute, rarely acuminate; double cincinni (4 -) 8 - 12 - flowered. Flowers 1.3 - 2.2 cm diam., pedicels 0.5 - 1.2 mm long, white to vinaceous, rarely green, glabrous to sparsely glandular-pubescent; floral buds ellipsoid; sepals 5.2 - 8.1 x 2 - 3.7 mm, dorsally keeled, green, glabrous or pilose, with hairs generally along the keel and at the base of the sepals close to the pedicel, hyaline to light brown; petals 0.7 - 1.2 x 0.3 - 0.6 cm, white; filaments 4.7 - 6.8 mm long, anthers 0.8 - 1 x 0.9 - 1.2 mm; ovary 1.2 - 2 x 0.8 - 1.3 mm, style 4.5 - 6.2 mm long; pistil longer than the stamens. Capsules 2.5 - 3.8 x 2.1 - 2.7 cm. Seeds 1.6 - 1.9 x 1.2 - 1.5 mm, testa grey to greyish-brown, not cleft towards the embryotega, costate; hilum longer than 1 / 2 the length of the seed.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
3861A11D1D315B408E9DCC612833EFA6.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Argentina and Brazil (states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and Paraguay; in the Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Chaco domains (Fig. 33). It can be found growing as terrestrial and epiphyte understorey in shaded and moist forests.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
3861A11D1D315B408E9DCC612833EFA6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The epithet " umbraculifera " means " carrying several umbrellas ", making reference to the many inflorescences per leaf axil this species generally produces and, most importantly, to the its small spathaceous cincinni bract.	en	Pellegrini, Marco O. O. (2018): Wandering throughout South America: Taxonomic revision of Tradescantia subg. Austrotradescantia (D. R. Hunt) M. Pell. (Commelinaceae). PhytoKeys 104: 1-97, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.104.28484
