taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B087B8FFB9A22ADD1EF8CDD5001AFE.taxon	type_taxon	Typus: P. canthiiflora Hook. f.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB9A22ADD1EF8CDD5001AFE.taxon	description	Rhipidantha Bremek., Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 71: 222 (1940), syn. nov. —	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB9A22ADD1EF8CDD5001AFE.taxon	type_taxon	Typus: R. chlorantha (K. Schum.) Bremek.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB9A22ADD1EF8CDD5001AFE.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Rhipidantha has always been regarded as a monospecific genus endemic to the Uluguru Mountains of Tanzania. Its only species was originally described in Urophyllum Wall. (Schumann 1899: 57) before Bremekamp (1940) erected a new genus for it. Bremekamp separated Rhipidantha from Pauridiantha by its (4 -) 5 - locular ovary (vs 2 - locular in Pauridiantha), and from Poecilocalyx by its lax and pedunculate inflorescences, dentate (vs deeply lobed) calyx, sessile stigmas (actually connate into a style, though very shortly so in brevistylous flowers) and absence of conspicuous indumentum. Verdcourt (1976) accepted the genus as distinct from Pauridiantha, chiefly based on the number of ovary locules, but the subsequent inclusion of Commitheca (with 2 - to 4 - locular ovaries) and Poecilocalyx (with 2 - to 5 - locular ovaries) in Pauridiantha makes this character no longer reliable. In fact, on morphological grounds Rhipidantha is even closer to Pauridiantha s. str. than are Poecilocalyx and Stelechantha (both of which are now included in Pauridiantha), and its great similarity to Pauridiantha insularis (Hiern) Bremek. has already been noted by Ntore (2008: 109). The fruits and seeds of Rhipidantha, previously unknown, have recently been collected and also agree very well with the genus Pauridiantha - the seeds in particular (Fig. 1 A, B) are extremely similar to those of P. insularis, illustrated in Ntore (2008: fig. 29). Therefore, despite the absence of molecular data for Rhipidantha, there can be no reason for keeping the two genera separate. KENYA DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO TANZANIA 500 km The inclusion of Rhipidantha in Pauridiantha requires the new combination below. Since R. chlorantha is rather little-known and its previous descriptions (Schumann 1899; Bremekamp 1940; Verdcourt 1976) were incomplete on several points, a complete and updated account of this species is presented here.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB8A228DCB4FA85D0DF19E0.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Zanzibar-Inhambane regional mosaic. Endemic to the Uluguru Mts in central-eastern Tanzania (Fig. 2).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB8A228DCB4FA85D0DF19E0.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT. — Montane evergreen forest, 1400 - 1845 m in elevation. PHENOLOGY. — Flowers from September to December (young inflorescences in August); fruits in November-December (immature), January (almost mature), March and May (immature).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB8A228DCB4FA85D0DF19E0.taxon	conservation	PRELIMINARY CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT. — Endangered [EN B 1 a b (i, ii, iii, iv, v) + 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v)]. Pauridiantha chlorantha, comb. nov. was previously assessed by Lovett & Clarke (1998) as Vulnerable B 1 + 2 b, D 2, but this appears to be an underestimation of its threat status. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) is calculated to be 75 km ², and its area of occupancy is estimated to be 36 km ², which fall respectively within the limits for Critically Endangered under subcriterion B 1 and Endangered under sub-criterion B 2. The species is endemic to the Uluguru Mountains in Tanzania, where it grows in submontane forest between 1400 and 1845 m in elevation. It is known from 15 herbarium specimens collected between 1914 and 2009, representing two subpopulations, around 15 km apart. Although its range lies within a protected area (Uluguru Nature Forest Reserve, declared in 2009), its habitat is under serious threat from agriculture, logging, firewood collection, and invasive exotic species (Rubus and Maesopsis) (Burgess et al. 2002). A third subpopulation (not taken into account in EOO and AOO calculations), at c. 7 ° 05 ’ S, 37 ° 25 ’ E, is now probably extinct due to deforestation, no suitable habitat being left in the area according to GoogleEarth images. A decline in EOO, AOO, habitat extent and quality, number of subpopulations, and number of individuals is therefore obvious. The two subpopulations represent two ‘ locations’ (sensu IUCN 2012) and the species qualifies for Endangered status according to the conditions B 1 ab (i, ii, iii, i v, v) + 2 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB8A228DCB4FA85D0DF19E0.taxon	discussion	AFFINITIES. — Pauridiantha chlorantha, comb. nov. is similar to P. insularis (Hiern) Bremek. and P. principensis Ntore & O. Lachenaud, sp. nov., both from the Gulf of Guinea islands; the similarities and differences between them are discussed under P. principensis, sp. nov. below.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB8A228DCB4FA85D0DF19E0.taxon	materials_examined	OTHER MATERIAL STUDIED. — Tanzania. Uluguru Mts, Bondwa-Lupanga col, 6 ° 54 ’ S, 37 ° 42 ’ E, 1. V. 1970, Harris & Pócs 4543 (EA [EA 000065025!], K [K 000352753!)]; Mwere Valley (Bondwa / Mwere col), Uluguru Mts, 26. IX. 1970, Harris, Pócs, Faden & Csontos 5124 (EA [EA 000065028!], K [K 000352750!, K 000352756!]); Uluguru North Catchment F. R., on the path Tegetero-Luhungo, just W of the ridge from Bondwa Peak to Nziwane, 14. I. 2001, Jannerup & Mhoro 129 (K); ibid., Jannerup & Mhoro 135 (K); North Uluguru F. R., 8. XII. 1993, Kisena 2123 (K [K 000352755!]); Ng’ubabule, North Uluguru F. R., 9. XII. 1993, Kisena 2124 (BR [BR 0000009210059!], K!); Lupanga Peak, 6 ° 52 ’ S, 37 ° 42.5 ’ E, 28. VIII. 1981, Lovett 212 (K [K 000352752!]); Uluguru North Forest Reserve, permanent sample plot 1 (near Mwele River), 6 ° 54 ’ 09 ” S, 37 ° 41 ’ 03 ” E, 1640 m, 15. X. 2009, Mwangoka, Shirima, Hamisi, Swai, John, Seki & Kasimu 6409 (MO [MO- 3025815]); Uluguru Mts, Bunduki Forest Reserve, III. 1953, Paulo 52 (EA [EA 000065029!], K [K 000352759!]); Uluguru, Urwald sudöstl. van Mission Schlesien uber Morogoro, 1. XI. 1914, Peter 52120 (BR [BR 0000017774536!], K [K 00352754!]); N-Uluguru Mts, E slopes of Lupanga, 10. X. 1971, Pócs & Mwanjabe 6469 / B (EA [EA 000065588!]); N-Uluguru Mts, N slope of Bondwa near the springs, 24. X. 1972, Pócs 6804 B (EA [EA 000065026!]); Morogoro District, 3600 ft; 25. XI. 1932, Wallace 490 (K [K 000352751!, K 000352757!, K 000352758!]).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB8A228DCB4FA85D0DF19E0.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Shrub 2 - 4 m tall; twigs cylindrical or slightly 4 - sulcate, 1.5 - 5 mm thick, glabrous or minutely puberulous just above the nodes. Stipules Rather soon caducous and leaving corky scars, triangular, 3.5 - 9 × 1.5 - 3 mm, thickened with margins recurved inwards, narrower than the twig, glabrous or very sparsely puberulous. Leaves Petiole. 0.6 - 2.3 cm long, with very sparse short appressed hairs; Leaf-blade. Elliptic to obovate, 8.5 - 23 × 2.5 - 12 cm, cuneate at base, abruptly acuminate at apex with acumen 0.8 - 2 cm long, coriaceous, sparsely appressed-puberulous on both sides when very young, soon becoming glabrous (or sometimes with very sparse hairs persistent on the underside of the main veins), drying olive green to olive brown; midrib flat or faintly impressed above; secondary veins (10 -) 12 - 15 pairs, weakly to moderately ascending, forming conspicuous loops 0.5 - 5 mm from the margin; tertiary veins prominently reticulate below, forming areolae <0.5 mm in diameter. Domatia. Present as glabrous pits in primary and secondary vein axils. Inflorescences Axillary, 1 - 3 in each axil, laxly cymose, 3 - 8 - flowered, 1 - 2.5 cm long, minutely and sparsely pubescent. Peduncle. 0.5 - 1.5 cm long, with a pair of stipulate prophylls c. 2.5 × 0.5 mm inserted between ¼ and ½ of its length from the base. Floral bracts. Absent. Flowers 5 - merous. Pedicel. 1.5 - 4 mm long, slender, shortly and sparsely pubescent. Calyx. Cupuliform, entirely glabrous or sparsely pubescent outside, with a tube 0.2 - 0.5 mm high and minute triangular lobes 0.2 - 0.5 mm long, lacking colleters. Corolla. White or pale green, with cylindrical to campanulate tube 1.7 - 2 (- 3) × 1.2 - 2.3 mm, glabrous outside, densely villose inside at the throat, and triangular lobes 1 - 1.5 (- 2.3) × 0.7 - 1 (- 1.5) mm, glabrous outside, papillate inside. Floral bud. With cylindrical base and ellipsoid, obtuse apex. Stamens. Fully exserted with filaments c. 1 mm long in brevistylous flowers, half-exserted and subsessile in longistylous flowers, anthers elliptic, c. 0.7 × 0.3 mm (including minute sterile appendage). Disk. Hemispherical, c. 0.5 mm high, ± grooved, minutely papillose. Ovary. (4 -) 5 - locular below, (8 -) 10 - locular by false septa in the upper part, c. 1 mm high, sparsely puberulous. Style. Included, c. 0.8 mm long including the 5 - lobed stigma c. 0.5 mm long, glabrous at base and papillose at apex in brevistylous flowers, or exserted, c. 2.3 mm long including the 5 - lobed stigma c. 0.3 mm long, glabrous at base and villose at apex (the exserted portion) in longistylous flowers. Fruits Broader than long, 2 - 3 × 3 - 4 mm, glabrous, crowned with persistent calyx slightly accrescent in width, 1.5 - 2 mm wide; pedicels slightly accrescent in the fruiting stage, 4 - 6 mm long. Seeds Numerous, ellipsoid, c. 0.5 - 0.55 × 0.45 mm. Exotesta cells Polygonal with strongly raised margins, forming a conspicuous reticulum; radial walls thickened with small pits; inner tangential wall thickened, with large pits (Fig. 1 A, B).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB8A228DCB4FA85D0DF19E0.taxon	discussion	REMARKS For an illustration of this species see Verdcourt (1976: fig. 15). The type collection has presumably been destroyed during the Second World War, and no duplicates have been traced. Later collections from the same area are certainly conspecific (no similar species being found in the region) although some details of the protologue do not agree with them (Verdcourt 1976). In particular, Schumann described the calyx as 1.5 mm long and the corolla tube as 5 mm long (both measurements apparently somewhat exaggerated) and the petiole as 1 - 2 mm long (presumably a slip for 1 - 2 cm). He also described the anthers as included, and the gynoecium as consisting of 5 very short free styles 0.6 mm long. The material we have seen actually shows two distinct flower morphs, none of which completely fits this description: brevistylous flowers have a short style divided nearly to the base – thus more or less as described by Schumann – but exserted anthers, while longistylous flowers have partly included anthers but a long exserted style divided only at the apex. Schumann’s description of the style and anthers may therefore have been based on a flower in bud. Among the extant collections, Harris et al. 1148 was chosen as neotype since it is a good flowering specimen and is represented in several herbaria. The description of the species by Verdcourt (1976) is incomplete as regards the heterostyly, the domatia (not mentioned) and the fruits and seeds, unknown then and described here for the first time. The maximum height of 15 m tall, mentioned by Verdcourt, seems very dubious: all collections seen by us are reported as shrubs 2 - 4 m high.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	description	(Figs 1 C, D; 3)	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	diagnosis	Stipulis breviter triangularibus quam ramis angustioribus, ramis gracilibus glabris vel subglabris, foliis domatiis pubescentibus exceptis glaberrimis subtus dense et conspicue reticulatis, seminibus sublaevibus (nec prominente reticulatis ut in omnibus alteribus congeneribus) P. liebrechtsianae (De Wild. & T. Durand) Ntore & Dessein affinis, sed pedicellis fructiferis 12 - 18 mm longis (nec 2 - 8 mm), ovario basi 2 - loculare et apice 4 - loculare (nec basi 3 - 4 - loculare et apice 6 - 8 - loculare), inflorescentiis 2 (- 3) - floris et umbelliformibus (nec 3 - 9 - floris et saepe racemosis) caulibusque nodis inferioribus saepe spinosis (nec inermibus) differt.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	materials_examined	TYPUS. — Gabon. Ogooué-Maritime, Région du Lac Alombié, ± 7 km au nord de Mpaga, 0 ° 50 ’ 32 ” S, 9 ° 27 ’ 19 ” E, 17. X. 2014, Lachenaud, Ikabanga & Lafferty 1981 (holo-, BRLU!; iso-, BR [BR 0000024391191!]; G!; LBV!; MO!; P!; WAG!). PARATYPI. — Gabon. Préfecture de Mpaga, à environ 7 km au nord du Lac Alombié, 0 ° 49 ’ 59 ” S, 9 ° 26 ’ 09 ” E, 15. X. 2014, Bidault & Lissambou 1726 (BR [BR 0000016176461!]; BRLU!; LBV n. v.); ibid., 0 ° 47 ’ 29 ” S, 9 ° 29 ’ 34 ” E, 16. X. 2014, Bidault, Stévart, Nguema & Lissambou 1735 (BR [BR 0000016173255!]; BRLU!; LBV n. v.); Préfecture de Mpaga, nord du Lac Alombié, 0 ° 49 ’ 06 ” S, 9 ° 27 ’ 22 ” E, 25. X. 2014, Zébazé, Barbier, Niangadouma & Stévart 419 (BR [BR 0000016173910!]; BRLU!; LBV n. v.).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — The specific name refers to the particularly long and slender fruiting pedicels, a diagnostic character of the species.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Lower Guinea subcentre of endemism. Endemic to the lower Ogooué basin in Gabon (Fig. 4), where it is only known from a small area north of Lake Alombié; locally abundant in its highly restricted range.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT. — Restricted to seasonally flooded swamp forests dominated by Ctenolophon englerianus Mildbr., Dactyladenia eketensis (De Wild.) Prance & F. White and Anthostema aubryanum Baill., where it is locally dominant in the undergrowth and forms dense thickets. This peculiar habitat is described by Vandeweghe & Stévart (2017: 207 - 209) as “ forêt inondable monodominante ” (although, in fact, Ctenolophon is not always strictly monodominant) and, from an analysis of satellite images, is estimated to cover around 50 km ² in a restricted area north of Lake Alombié. Ctenolophon is believed to have been a key species for the maintenance of forest micro-refugia in the Ogooué delta during dry periods, due to its unusual ability to grow both on well drained and seasonally flooded soils (Vandeweghe & Stévart 2017: 159, 177). PHENOLOGY. — Fruits (not fully mature) in October, corresponding to the onset of the rainy season.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	conservation	PRELIMINARY CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT. — Critically Endangered [CR B 1 ab (iii) + B 2 ab (iii)]. The extent of occurrence (EOO) of Pauridiantha gracilipes O. Lachenaud & Ntore, sp. nov. is estimated to be 8.252 km 2, and its area of occupancy (AOO) to be 8 km ², both values being within the limit for Critically Endangered status under subcriteria B 1 and B 2. The species is endemic to the coastal part of the Ogooué delta in Gabon, and occurs in Ctenolophon englerianus seasonally flooded forests, a highly localized habitat, which is estimated to cover around 50 km ² in the delta (Vandeweghe & Stévart 2017: 207 - 209). It is known from four specimens representing four subpopulations, all situated outside protected areas (although its presence in the adjacent Wonga-Wongué National Park is highly probable). Though its habitat currently suffers little from human activities, forest exploitation has impacted it in the past and may do so again in the future; a decline in the quality of the habitat may therefore be expected. The four subpopulations represent one ‘ location’ according to IUCN (2012), and the species is evaluated as Critically Endangered according to the conditions B 1 ab (iii) + B 2 ab (iii). AFFINITIES. — Pauridiantha gracilipes O. Lachenaud & Ntore, sp. nov. appears to be most closely related to P. liebrechtsiana (De Wild. & T. Durand) Ntore & Dessein. The two species share nearly glabrous vegetative parts, stipules narrower than the twigs, leaves with hairy domatia and densely reticulate tertiary veins, and, most importantly, a nearly smooth seed surface (in all other species of the genus the margins of the exotestal cells are markedly raised). It is also related, though more distantly, to P. letestuana (N. Hallé) Ntore & Dessein and P. smetsiana Ntore & Dessein. The differences between these four species are shown in Table 1. Remarkably, three of them are endemic to west-central Gabon; only P. liebrechtsiana is more widespread, occurring in seasonally flooded forests both in the Congo and the Ogooué basins, its westernmost known locality being Lake Gomé in Gabon, c. 120 km northeast of the range of P. gracilipes O. Lachenaud & Ntore, sp. nov.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Lianescent shrub To 3 - 4 m tall, with drooping branches bearing divaricate, ± horizontal flowering twigs; older stems sometimes bearing opposite spines, 0.8 - 1.7 cm long, formed by the persistent base of twigs; twigs cylindrical, 0.7 - 1.5 mm thick, glabrous or with sparse minute appressed hairs towards the apex. Stipules Tardily caducous, narrowly triangular, 1.3 - 2 × 0.5 - 0.7 mm, ± thickened, narrower than the twig and slightly diverging from it, sparsely appressed-puberulous. Leaves Petiole. 0.4 - 0.7 cm long, canaliculate, shortly pubescent on the upper side. Leaf-blade. Elliptic, 5.5 - 10.8 × 2.1 - 4.1 cm, acute to rounded at base, narrowly acuminate at apex with acumen 1 - 2 cm long, papyraceous, glabrous except the underside of the nerves very sparsely appressed-puberulous, dark green above and pale green below, drying reddish on both sides; midrib concave above; secondary veins 5 - 7 pairs, strongly curved and brochidodromous, forming loops 1.5 - 2 mm from the margin; tertiary veins reticulate, conspicuous and dark green in life on the lower side of the leaf, forming a dense network with areolae 0.7 - 1.5 mm in diameter. Domatia. Present in the main axils but not very conspicuous, crypt-like, ± pubescent. Inflorescences Axillary, solitary in each axil, in contracted cymes, (2 -) 3 - flowered, c. 0.8 cm long in the flowering stage and 1.8 - 2.5 cm long in fruit, sparsely appressed-puberulous. Peduncle. 0.2 - 0.6 cm long, with a pair of prophylls c. 0.5 mm long in the upper half. Floral bracts. Absent. Flowers 5 - merous. Pedicel. 3 - 5 mm long, sparsely appressed-puberulous. Calyx. Pale green, cupuliform, c. 0.7 mm long, divided for 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of its length, the lobes broadly triangular and acute at apex, puberulous on both sides. Corolla (only one seen, dry). With tube 1.5 × 1.5 mm, inflated near the base, glabrous outside and densely hairy in the throat, and lobes triangular, 1.5 × 1 mm, reflexed, glabrous on both sides. Floral bud. Not seen. Stamens and style. Not seen, apparently included. Disk. C. 0.5 mm high, hemispherical with 5 lateral grooves and 10 apical fossulae (formed by the imprints of the filaments and anthers), whitish, papillose. Ovary. 2 - locular below, 4 - locular by false septa in the upper part, sparsely appressed-puberulous. Fruits Dark green (not fully mature), subglobose, 5.5 - 7.5 × 6.5 - 8.5 mm in life, 4 - 5 × 5.3 - 7 mm when dry, smooth, glabrous, crowned with persistent calyx slightly enlarged in diameter (2.3 - 4.5 mm). Pedicels. Drooping and strongly accrescent in the fruiting stage, 12 - 18 mm long. Seeds Numerous, ellipsoid, c. 0.7 × 0.6 mm. Exotesta cells Polygonal without raised margins, forming a very faint reticulum; radial walls pitted, not thickened; inner tangential wall broadly pitted, not thickened.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB5A224DCDAFB82D5D618C2.taxon	discussion	REMARKS This very peculiar species was discovered in 2014 during the botanical exploration of the Lower Ogooué, and had apparently never been collected before. Although the flowering material is incomplete (only one dried flower was found, with both the style and stamens apparently included), the plant is so distinctive that we have no hesitation in describing it. Its remarkably long fruiting pedicels are unique in the genus, as is the presence of spines on the older stems, which are formed by the persistent base of broken twigs (these spines are only seen on the older individuals). The lianescent habit, with drooping branches somewhat reminiscent of Rubus L. spp., is further unusual, most other Pauridiantha species being erect shrubs or trees, although a few, such as P. pyramidata (K. Krause) Bremek., can be more or less sarmentose.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	description	(Fig. 5) Ramis robustis glabris quam stipulis latioribus, foliis subtus dense reticulatis, inflorescentiis laxe cymosis, calyce truncato vel minute lobato P. insulari et P. chlorantha, comb. nov. similis, sed ab ambabus foliis domatiis carentibus et nervis lateralibus valde adscendentibus differt. A P. insulare stipulis glaberrimis (nec sparse pubescentibus) et pedicellis longioribus sub flore 3.5 - 5 mm longis (nec 2 - 3 mm) et sub fructu 7.5 - 10 mm longis (nec 4 - 7.5 mm) etiam differt; a P. chlorantha, comb. nov. pedunculis ad apicem (nec ad medium vel quartum inferiore) prophyllis munitis, ovarioque basi 2 - loculare et apice spurie 4 - loculare (nec basi 4 - 5 - loculare et apice spurie 8 - 10 - loculare) etiam distinguitur.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	materials_examined	TYPUS. — Príncipe. Plateau avant le Pico do Príncipe, 9. XII. 1998, Oliveira 192 / 98 (holo-, BRLU!). PARATYPUS. — Príncipe. Caminho do Morro de Leste, 5. IX. 1999, Oliveira 149 / 99 (BRLU!).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — The species is named after Príncipe Island, where it is endemic.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Endemic to Príncipe Island (Fig. 4) where apparently restricted to the highest areas near the peak; only collected twice and presumably uncommon.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	biology_ecology	HABITAT. — High forest, 675 - 750 m in altitude. PHENOLOGY. — Flowers and immature fruits in September and December.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	conservation	PRELIMINARY CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT. — Vulnerable (VU D 2). Pauridiantha principensis, sp. nov. is endemic to Príncipe Island and occurs in submontane forest; it is only known from two specimens, representing two subpopulations. Its extent of occurrence (EOO) therefore cannot be estimated, while its area of occupancy (AOO) is estimated to be 8 km 2, within the limit for Critically Endangered status under criterion B 2. Its range entirely lies within a protected area, and its two subpopulations occur in places difficult to access and unlikely to be directly impacted by human activities. However, the potential impacts of climate change on Principe’s submontane forest represent a plausible threat that could drive this species to CR or EN in a very short time, so it is assessed as Vulnerable (VU D 2).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	discussion	AFFINITIES. — This species seems closely related to P. insularis (Hiern) Bremek. from the neighbouring island of Saõ Tomé, and also to P. chlorantha, comb. nov. from Tanzania. All three species have robust and glabrous twigs that are wider than the stipules, densely reticulate tertiary leaf veins, truncate or minutely lobed calyces, and laxly cymose inflorescences. The new species differs from P. insularis by its longer pedicels and entirely glabrous vegetative parts (in P. insularis the stipules, and often also the petioles, have sparse appressed hairs), from P. chlorantha, comb. nov. by the number of ovary locules and the peduncles bearing prophylls at their apex rather than around the middle, and from both species by its much more ascending (and usually fewer) secondary leaf veins that lack domatia in their axils (Table 2).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	description	Shrub (?) Twigs slightly 4 - sulcate when dry, 2.5 - 5 mm thick, glabrous. Stipules ± tardily caducous, lanceolate, 5 - 7 × 1 - 1.5 mm, markedly thickened with margins recurved inwards, narrower than the twig, glabrous. Leaves Petiole. 1.5 - 3 cm long, glabrous. Leaf-blade. Elliptic or slightly obovate, 17 - 23 × 7 - 11 cm, acute to obtuse at base, acuminate at apex with acumen 0.3 - 1 cm long, coriaceous, entirely glabrous, drying olive green to grey-green; midrib impressed above; secondary veins 8 - 11 pairs, ± uniformly curved and strongly ascending, forming inconspicuous loops near the margin; tertiary veins prominently reticulate below, forming areolae 1 - 1.5 mm in diameter. Domatia. Absent. Inflorescences Axillary, solitary in each axil, laxly cymose, 6 - 14 - flowered, 3 - 6 cm long, minutely and very sparsely pubescent. Peduncle. 1 - 2.4 cm long, with a pair of stipulate prophylls c. 3 × 0.5 mm at apex. Floral bracts. Absent. Flowers (4 -) 5 - merous (see Fig. 5 F-H). Pedicel. 3.5 - 5 mm long, slender, glabrous. Calyx. Cupuliform, shortly and sparsely puberulous on both sides, with a tube 0.5 - 1 mm high, truncate or with minute triangular lobes 0.2 - 0.3 mm long, lacking colleters. Corolla. Colour not known. With barrel-shaped to ± cylindrical tube 3 - 5 × 1.5 - 2 mm, puberulous in the upper half outside, densely villose in the upper half inside, and triangular lobes 2.5 - 3 × 1.3 - 2 mm, puberulous outside at least near the apex, papillate inside. Floral bud. Subcylindrical, acute at apex. Stamens. Exserted with filaments c. 1.8 mm long in brevistylous flowers, included with filaments 0.2 - 0.3 in longistylous flowers, anthers elliptic-oblong, c. 1.7 × 0.7 mm (including sterile appendage 0.2 - 0.3 mm). Disk. ± domed, c. 0.5 mm high, with 5 lateral grooves and 10 apical fossulae formed by the imprints of the stamens, minutely papillose. Ovary. 2 - locular below, 4 - locular by false septa in the upper part, c. 1 mm high, sparsely puberulous. Style. Included, c. 2 mm long in brevistylous flowers, or exserted, c. 3.6 mm long in longistylous flowers, including the bilobed stigma c. 0.9 mm long, shortly pubescent except at base. Fruits Only known when very young. Subglobose, c. 3.5 mm in diameter, minutely and sparsely puberulous, crowned with persistent calyx; pedicels slightly accrescent in the fruiting stage, 7.5 - 10 mm long. Seeds Unknown.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB6A223DCC8F8ADD16A1D7F.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The habit of P. principensis, sp. nov. and the colour of its flowers are not recorded, but it is presumably a shrub, like P. insularis and most other species of the genus.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB1A223DFFDFC68D0EA19E3.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION. — Lower Guinea subcentre of endemism. Occurs from south-eastern Nigeria to Angola (Cabinda); locally abundant.	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
03B087B8FFB1A223DFFDFC68D0EA19E3.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Good (1926) separated Pauridiantha microphylla from P. canthiiflora on account of its smaller leaves with different venation, but these characters are not reliable. The key in Ntore (2008: 60 - 61) separates them based on the calyx (“ cupuliforme ” vs “ denté ou lobé ”) and type of domatia, which are not reliable either: both taxa actually have similar domatia, i. e. crypt-like and masked by a tuft of hairs. No additional differences have been found, so the two taxa are synonymised here, which extends the range of P. canthiiflora to Angola (Cabinda). The original description of P. canthiiflora does not cite the type specimen, but Mann 167 is the only possible candidate, and has always been considered as the type by subsequent authors (e. g. Hallé 1966; Ntore 2008). This collection is represented by three sheets in different herbaria. Ntore (2008: 82) cited the K sheet as holotype, which is an error since no herbarium of deposit was cited in the protologue; this sheet is here selected as lectotype, since it is the only one annotated by Hooker (1873).	en	Salvator NTORE, Olivier LACHENAUD (2019): Two new species and a new combination in the genus Pauridiantha Hook. f. (Rubiaceae) from tropical Africa. Adansonia 41 (4): 29-40, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2019v41a4
