identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03BCE776B70E904E6886A88DFA29AFF3.text	03BCE776B70E904E6886A88DFA29AFF3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphiocerina	<div><p>Key to the known species of Rhaphiocerina</p><p>1 Upper 2/3 of postocular rim yellow; mesonotum with pair of yellow longitudinal stripes; vein M3 no longer than 1/4 of vein M2; abdomen with broad yellow lateral margin and lateral spots on tergites 2–4........................... R. hakiensis</p><p>- Postocular rim mostly shinning black, only with a ivory white spot on each outside of vertex; mesonotum without any yellow spots and stripes; vein M3 slightly longer than 1/2 of vein M2; abdomen without yellow lateral margin, with lateral spots on tergites 3–4........................................................................... R. chinensis sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCE776B70E904E6886A88DFA29AFF3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Li, Zhu;Yang, Ding;Zhang, Tingting	Li, Zhu, Yang, Ding, Zhang, Tingting (2016): Review of the genus Rhaphiocerina Lindner (Diptera: Stratiomyinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4111 (1): 53-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.1.4
03BCE776B70E904E6886AB61FC94AE9C.text	03BCE776B70E904E6886AB61FC94AE9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphiocerina Lindner 1936	<div><p>Genus Rhaphiocerina Lindner, 1936</p><p>Rhaphiocerina Lindner, 1936 . Flieg. Palaearkt. Reg. 4(1): 32.</p><p>Type species: Rhaphiocera hakiensis Matsumura, by original designation.</p><p>Diagnosis. Body length 6.0–7.0 mm. Eyes bare in both sexes, contiguous in males and widely separated in females. Both sexes with broad postocular rim and slightly narrow in males. Antenna inserted on a square tubercle; flagellum about as long as scape and pedicel combined. Male frons linear. Scutellum trapezoid with pair of reduced spines. Vein R4 present, vein M3 incomplete or invisible, vein CuA1 not arising from discal cell. Abdomen longer than wide.</p><p>Distribution. Known only from Asia, including Japan (Kyushu) and South China (Guangxi province). Remarks. There are 2 Rhaphiocerina species known.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCE776B70E904E6886AB61FC94AE9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Li, Zhu;Yang, Ding;Zhang, Tingting	Li, Zhu, Yang, Ding, Zhang, Tingting (2016): Review of the genus Rhaphiocerina Lindner (Diptera: Stratiomyinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4111 (1): 53-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.1.4
03BCE776B70E904E6886AC47FA2EAC89.text	03BCE776B70E904E6886AC47FA2EAC89.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stratiomyinae	<div><p>Key to known genera of Stratiomyinae from China</p><p>1 4 veins including CuA1 arising from discal cell (i. e. crossvein dm-cu absent)......................................2</p><p>- At most 3 veins vein arising from discal cell, CuA1 separated from discal cell by crossvein dm-cu...................... 3</p><p>2 Apical antennal flagellomere modified into a slender arista; abdomen as long as wide or wider.................. .. Oxycera</p><p>- Apical antennal flagellomere not arista-like, not markedly different from preceding flagellomeres; abdomen much longer than wide....................................................................................... Oxyceroides</p><p>3 Body with distinct blue to green metallic luster.............................................................. 4</p><p>- Body without distinct blue to green metallic luster............................................................ 5</p><p>4 Vein M3 absent; two M veins arising from discal cell; scutellum without spines.......................... Prosopochrysa</p><p>- Vein M3 present; three M veins arising from discal cell; scutellum with pair of distinct marginal spines.......... Nothomyia</p><p>5 Antennal flagellum basally oval with subapical arista, arista longer than remaining flagellomeres combined; postocular rim distinct in both males and females............................................................. Rhaphiocerina</p><p>- Antennal flagellum rod-like, apical flagellomere maybe slightly modified but not arista-like; postocular rim in males invisible................................................................................................... 6</p><p>6 Vein R2+3 absent, apparently fused with vein R1; discal cell very small, fused with vein Rs (i.e., crossvein r-m absent).................................................................................................. Oplodontha</p><p>- Vein R2+3 present, discal cell large, not fused with vein Rs (i.e., crossvein r-m present)............................... 7</p><p>7 Vein M3 weak, distinctly fainter than vein M2 or CuA1, often entirely absent (i.e., two M veins arising from discal cell), vein M1 also usually weak, especially at base near discal cell; scape at most twice as long as pedicel.................. Odontomyia</p><p>- Vein M3 as developed as vein M2 and CuA1, (i.e., three M veins arising from discal cell), vein M1 also usually developed; scape 3–5 times as long as pedicel..................................................................... Stratiomys</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCE776B70E904E6886AC47FA2EAC89	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Li, Zhu;Yang, Ding;Zhang, Tingting	Li, Zhu, Yang, Ding, Zhang, Tingting (2016): Review of the genus Rhaphiocerina Lindner (Diptera: Stratiomyinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4111 (1): 53-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.1.4
03BCE776B70D904C6886AEF1FDBCA9B8.text	03BCE776B70D904C6886AEF1FDBCA9B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphiocerina hakiensis (Matsumura 1916) Matsumura 1916	<div><p>Rhaphiocerina hakiensis (Matsumura, 1916)</p><p>(Figs 1–12, 16)</p><p>Rhaphiocera hakiensis Matsumura, 1916 . Thousand Ins. Japan. Add. 2: 372. Type locality: Japan, Kyushu, Kumamoto.</p><p>Diagnosis. Upper 2/3 of postocular rim yellow and lower 1/3 black. Mesonotum with pair of yellow longitudinal stripes. Vein M3 reduced and no longer than 1/4 of vein M2. Abdomen blackish brown with broad yellow lateral margin and lateral spots. Tergite 1 black; postero-lateral margin of tergites 2–4 with stripe-like yellow lateral spots.</p><p>Description. Male (Figs. 1–3). Body length 7.0 mm; wing length 5.0 mm. Head blackish brown. Upper frontal triangle nearly linear, blackish brown, small and bare. Lower frontal triangle bare, swollen above antenna, with a subtriangular ivory white spot. Eyes holoptic, brown and bare, ommatidia all the same size. Postocular rim wide, with pale hairs, upper 2/3 yellow and lower 1/3 black. Face and gena blackish brown with pale long hairs. Antennal scape and pedicel blackish brown with dark hairs. Flagellum yellowish brown, apical arista long, blackish brown. Antennal length ratio of scape: pedicel: flagellum (exclude arista) = 2: 3: 5. Arista 1.7 times as long as rest of antenna. Proboscis small, pale yellow with pale hairs.</p><p>Thorax blackish brown except humeral callus and postalar callus yellow. Notum with pair of yellow longitudinal stripes. Anterior margin of longitudinal stripes dissociative, nearly reaching front margin of notum, posterior margin of longitudinal stripes reaching scutellum, connected with yellow portion of postalar callus. Lateral and hind margins of scutellum yellow and blackish brown in the middle. Scutellar spines yellow and short. Pleuron with a broad yellow band running form humeral callus to base of wing. Thorax with pale hairs. Legs slender and unmodified. All coxae black, the rest yellow with yellow hairs. Wing hyaline, tinged with yellow, veins pale yellow with crossvein m-cu distinct. Vein R4 present, mainly two M veins arising from discal cell, vein M3 reduced, only a short stump vein visible, vein M3 no longer than 1/4 of vein M2. Haltere yellow.</p><p>Abdomen blackish brown with broad yellow lateral margin and lateral spots. Tergite 1 black; postero-lateral margins of tergites 2–4 with stripe-like yellow lateral spots; hind margin of tergite 5 yellow. Venter blackish brown. Tergite and sternite of abdomen with pale hairs. Male terminalia broken.</p><p>Female (Figs. 4–6). Body length 6.5 mm; wing length 5.0 mm. Most characters similar to male, but eyes dichoptic, blackish brown and bare. Postocular rim wide, upper 2/3 shiny yellow and lower 1/3 shiny black. Frons shiny black, bare, wider towards antenna. Frons occupying about 1/5 of head width. Part of lower frons above antenna with an oblong yellow spot. Face shiny black with sparse pale short hairs. Gena shiny black with pale long hairs. Antenna blackish brown, scape nearly as long as pedicel, flagellum spindle-shaped, apical flagellomere with slender arista. Arista about 1.5 times as long as the rest of antenna. Proboscis short, yellow with pale hairs. Spots on thorax and abdomen similar to those in male.</p><p>Female terminalia (Figs. 7–12) with one-segmented cercus, long oval with hairs. Tergite 8 subrectangular with shallow V-shaped incision at basal margin. Tergite 9 trapezoid, about twice as wide as long. Tergite 10 triangular, longer than wide. Genital furca slightly longer than wide, with straight basal margin; basal part of gentital furca rectangular, wider than long; postero-lateral projections slender and postero-median projections regularly triangular. Sternite 10 triangular with basal margin slightly concaved.</p><p>Specimen examined. 1♂, CHINA, Guangxi, Longzhou, 2006. V. 15, Yin-Xia Liao (CAU); 1♀, CHINA, Guangxi, Guilin, 1953. VI. 19, collectors unknown (IZCAS); 1♀, CHINA, Guangxi, Guilin, 1953. VI. 27, collectors unknown (IZCAS).</p><p>Distribution. China (Guangxi); Japan.</p><p>Remarks. Rhaphiocerina hakiensis (Matsumura, 1916) was first published by Lindner as a new combination when he established the new genus Rhaphiocerina in 1936. Lindner transferred the species Rhaphiocera hakiensis from the old genus Rhaphiocera to the new one Rhaphiocerina and appointed Rhaphiocerina hakiensis as the type species of the new genus (Lindner, 1936).</p><p>Rhaphiocera hakiensis was first described in Japanese as well as in English after a female specimen in 1916 (Matsumura, 1916). The species was only known from the palaearctic part of Japan while our specimens from the Guangxi province represent the first record from the Oriental region. Another unpublished female specimen is known from Taiwan (Hauser pers. communication).</p><p>The genus Rhaphiocera Macquart 1846 is an incorrect subsequent spelling of Raphiocera Maquart, 1834 (Woodley, 2001) . For a long time, the incorrect spelling, Rhaphiocera was used in the literature. The genus Raphiocera Macquart 1834 is mainly distributed in the Neotropical region (11 species) and has one Australian species ( Raphiocera orientalis Lindner, 1957), which might not belong in this genus (Woodley, 2001). Lindner establish the genus Rhaphiocerina, because the males are holoptic, while all Raphiocera and related genera in South America have dichoptic males. He placed the new genus in the Sarginae .</p><p>In the monograph of 2014, there is a mistake in the citing of this species. “ Rhaphiocerina hakiensis Matsumura, 1916 ” should be “ Rhaphiocera hakiensis (Matsumura, 1916) ”. Thus, “Matsumura” should surrouded with parentheses as in this paper.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCE776B70D904C6886AEF1FDBCA9B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Li, Zhu;Yang, Ding;Zhang, Tingting	Li, Zhu, Yang, Ding, Zhang, Tingting (2016): Review of the genus Rhaphiocerina Lindner (Diptera: Stratiomyinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4111 (1): 53-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.1.4
03BCE776B70B90486886A82CFD03A977.text	03BCE776B70B90486886A82CFD03A977.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphiocerina chinensis	<div><p>Rhaphiocerina chinensis sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 13–15, 17–23)</p><p>Diagnosis. Postocular rim mostly shiny black, only with a subsquare ivory white spot on each outside of vertex. Thoracic notum shiny black without any spots. Vein M3 incomplete, not reaching wing margin, but distinct and visible. Abdomen shiny black without yellow lateral margin, postero-lateral margins of tergites 3–4 with subsquare yellow lateral spots.</p><p>Description. Female (Figs. 13–15). Body length 6.9 mm; wing length 5.6 mm. Head shiny black. Eyes dichoptic, brown and bare. Frons narrow, about 1/5 as wide as head and slightly narrower towards antenna. Frons shiny black and bare. Lower frons swollen above antennae, with a subtriangular ivory white spot reaching eyes. Postocular rim wide, mostly shiny black, only with a subsquare ivory white spot on each outside of vertex. Face shiny black with sparse black hairs. Gena shiny black with pale long hairs. Antenna fulvous, scape nearly as long as pedicel; flagellum spindle-shaped with long slender apical arista. Antennal length ratio of scape: pedicel: flagellum (exclude arista) = 1: 2: 3. Arista twice as long as rest of antenna. Proboscis short and small, yellow with pale hairs.</p><p>Thorax shiny black with sparse pale short hairs. Mesonotum without any spots, only thin brown line along upper margin of pleuron running from humeral callus to postalar callus. Lateral and hind margins of scutellum yellow and blackish brown in the middle. Scutellar spines yellow and short. Legs slender and unmodified. All coxae black, the rest fulvous with yellow short hairs. Wing hyaline, tinged with yellow, veins brown to pale yellow with crossvein m-cu distinct. Vein R4 present, three M veins arising from discal cell, vein M3 incomplete, not reaching wing margin, but slightly longer than 1/2 of vein M2. Haltere yellow.</p><p>Abdomen shiny black without yellow lateral margin, only with 2 pairs of yellow lateral spots. Tergites 1–2 black; postero-lateral margin of tergites 3–4 with subsquare yellow spots; hind margin of tergite 5 yellow. Sternite blackish brown. Tergite and sternite of abdomen with pale hairs. Female terminalia (Figs. 18–23) with onesegmented cercus, long oval with hairs. Tergite 8 trapezoid with broad and deep V-shaped incision at basal margin. Tergite 9 trapezoid, about three times as wide as long. Tergite 10 triangular, wider than long. Genital furca distinctly longer than wide with straight basal margin; basal part of gentital furca rectangular, longer than wide; postero-lateral projections spindle-shaped in lateral view, tapered towards apex; postero-median projections obtuse triangular. Sternite 10 subtriangular with a small middle incision on basal margin.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Specimen examined. Holotype: ♀, CHINA, Guangxi, Longzhou, Xiangshui, 2006. V. 15, Yin-Xia Liao (CAU). Paratype: 1♀, CHINA, Guangxi, Longzhou, Nonggang, 2006. V. 16, Yin-Xia Liao (CAU).</p><p>Distribution. China (Guangxi).</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after the type locality China.</p><p>Remarks. Although sexual dimorphism occurs in Stratiomyinae, for the genus Rhaphiocerina, there are not too many differences in external characters between males and females except head characters. For R. hakiensis, eyes are contiguous in males and separated in females, resulting in sexually dimorphic frons characteristics. Other head characteristics are the same in both sexes.</p><p>The new species is similar to Rhaphiocerina hakiensis (Matsumura, 1916) from Japan, but may be separated from the latter in the following characters: postocular rim is mostly shinning black, only with a subsquare ivory white spot on each outside of vertex; mesonotum has not any yellow spots and stripes; vein M3 slightly longer than 1/2 of vein M2; abdomen has no yellow lateral margin, only with yellow lateral spots on tergites 3–4. In Rhaphiocerina hakiensis, upper 2/3 of postocular rim is yellow and lower 1/3 is black; mesonotum has a pair of yellow longitudinal stripes; vein M3 no longer than 1/2 of vein M2; abdomen has the broad yellow lateral margin, tergites 2–4 have stripe-like yellow lateral spots.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BCE776B70B90486886A82CFD03A977	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Li, Zhu;Yang, Ding;Zhang, Tingting	Li, Zhu, Yang, Ding, Zhang, Tingting (2016): Review of the genus Rhaphiocerina Lindner (Diptera: Stratiomyinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4111 (1): 53-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.1.4
