identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03BD401EE26CFFF9E0ED27EDFD63FE1E.text	03BD401EE26CFFF9E0ED27EDFD63FE1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Linevitshia Makarchenko	<div><p>Genus Linevitshia Makarchenko</p><p>Linevitshia Makarchenko, 1987: 205 .</p><p>Linevitshia Makarchenko: Brundin 1989: 27, Fig. 4.3; Saether et al. 2000: 134, Fig. 144; Ashe &amp; O’Conner 2009: 292. Type species: Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, 1987, by original designation and monotypy.</p><p>Generic diagnosis (emended). Adult male. Small to middle sized, up to 4.5 mm. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres. AR about 1. Eyes reniform, slightly pubescent. Clypeus without setae. Antepronotum with U-shaped notch in frontal view. Antepronotals in separate median and lateral clusters, the acrostichal and dorsocentral stripes connected posteriorly. Posterior anepisternum II and epimeron II with setae. Wing with setae on squama, alula and veins R, R1, R4+5; membrane without macrotrichia; R2+3 indistinct; costa extends beyond R4+5. Tergite IX without anal point. Gonocoxite simple, inferior and superior volsellae reduced. Sternapodeme broadly arched; phallapodeme long; aedeagal lobe large, forked distally. Gonostylus in distal part with long and strong setae and 1–4 apical megasetae (Figs. 1–7, 24, 25).</p><p>Pupa. Middle sized, up to 4.7 mm. Exuviae yellow or brownish-yellow. Frontal short hair-like setae present on frontal apotome. Frontal apotome slightly granulated or smooth, without tubercles or warts (Fig. 8). Antepronotum with 3 median and 2 lateral antepronotals. Thoracic horn absent. Four precorneals present. Tergites and sternites I–VIII with slender shagreen better visible in lateral parts. Tergites III–VII and sternites III–VII with posterior transverse row of large and more dark thorn-like spines; size of these spines on tergites and sternites subequal (Figs. 9, 26); tergite VIII also with posterior row but small spines. Posterior margin of sternite VIII with long and triangular, apically rounded caudal lobe (male) (Fig. 10) or with 2 short and rounded caudal lobes (female) (Fig. 11). Abdominal setation: tergites I–VII with 5 D setae, some setae moved to lateral part; VIII with 2 D setae. Segments I with 2 L setae, II–VIII with 4 L setae. Anal lobe with 3 strong needle-shaped anal macrosetae and 2 very short and hair-like lateral setae (not well visible in all specimens); median setae and apical tubercle absent (Figs. 10–11). Male genital sac not extended beyond the anal lobe.</p><p>Larva, 4th instar. Size up to 7 mm. Head capsule with numerous pale, long, simple or divided into 2–3 branches setae; postoccipital margin without or with weak ventrolateral, posteriorly-directed projections, absent in some case (Figs. 13–14). Antenna with 4 segments; segment 3 non-annulate; style longer than segment 3 (Fig. 23). Labral setae S I long and divided into some branches; lamellae consisting of a semicircular row of broad, overlapping scales some of which apically serrate (Fig. 18). Pecten epipharyngis consists of 3 coarsely long and pointed scales. Premandible narrow, with 6 inner teeth; lateral spine absent (Fig. 17). Mandible with long apical tooth and 4 subequal teeth; seta subdentalis reduced; seta interna with some simple branches (Fig. 19). Mentum with 3 pairs of lateral teeth and wide dome-shaped median tooth; ventromental plate small (Figs. 20–21, 27–28). Maxillary palp longer than wide. M appendage of the premento-hypopharyngeal complex deeply divided into lamellae (Figs. 22, 27). Abdominal setae short and thin, pale. Procercus longer than wide, bearing 5–6 anal setae. Anterior and posterior parapods separate, each bearing an apical group of irregularly placed claws.</p><p>Comments. After having analyzed all the data on adults, pupae and larvae the genus Linevitshia can now be assigned in the tribe Protanypodini, so far represented by the only genus Protanypus Kieffer. Main differences between these genera are given in the key below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BD401EE26CFFF9E0ED27EDFD63FE1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Makarchenko, Eugenyi A.;Semenchenko, Alexander A.	Makarchenko, Eugenyi A., Semenchenko, Alexander A. (2014): Morphological redescription and DNA barcoding of Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, 1987 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from Amur River basin (Russian Far East), with notes on systematics of the genus. Zootaxa 3872 (4): 355-364, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.4.2
03BD401EE26FFFF3E0ED212FFED0FE11.text	03BD401EE26FFFF3E0ED212FFED0FE11.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Linevitshia prima Makarchenko	<div><p>Linevitshia prima Makarchenko</p><p>(Figs. 1–28)</p><p>Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, 1987: 207, Fig. 1; Brundin 1989: 27, Fig. 4.3; Saether et al. 2000: 134, Fig. 144; Ashe &amp; Connor 2009: 292.</p><p>Linevitshia yezoensis Endo in Endo, Makarchenko &amp; Willassen, 2007: 93, Figs 1–4, 7–13; Ashe &amp; Connor 2009: 292. Syn. nov.</p><p>New material examined. Far East of Russia. Jewish Autonomous Region, Obluchie District: 2 males, 1 pupa, 2 larvae, Fedotkin Spring of Bidzhan River basin (Amur River basin), N 48º38' 409'', E 131º37' 217'', 5.IV. 2014, leg. E. Makarchenko; 8 males, 6 pupal exuviae, 12 larvae of fourth instar, the same data except Lopatinskyi Spring, N 48º37' 810'', E 131º39' 114'', 7.IV. 2014, leg. E. Makarchenko. Kunashir Island (Kurile Islands), 3 larvae, unnamed stream of Kipiashee Lake, N 43°51' 521", E 145°29' 530", 28.VII. 2013, leg. D. Palatov.</p><p>Description. A detailed description of the adult male based on specimens from Japan is given by Endo et al. (2007) but due to slight differences found, we present a complemented redescription on the basis of the material from the Amur River basin.</p><p>Adult male (n = 4, except when otherwise stated).</p><p>Total length: 3.8–4.3 mm. Wing length 3.2–3.3 mm. Total length/wing length 1.4–1.5. Coloration: body largely brown to dark brown; head and thorax grayish.</p><p>Head. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres and well-developed plume; ultimate flagellomere with 1–2 subapical setae 34–36 µm long. AR 1.10–1.25. Temporal setae: 0–1 weak and short inner verticals and 3–5 stronger postorbitals. Length of palpomeres 1–5 (µm): 40–48, 79–84, 146–152, 168–180, 240–272.</p><p>Thorax. Antepronotum with 2–3 dorsal and 8–14 lateral setae. Acrostichals 17–19, dorsocentrals 17–18, prealars 8–10, supralars 3, and scutellars 14–17. Posterior anepisternum II with 4–6 setae. Epimeron II with 8 setae. Wing. Width 0.56–0.80 mm. Costa produced beyond R4+5 on 70–72 µm. Anal lobe developed, round. Brachiolum with 3–5 setae. R with 24–29 setae, R1 with 9–15 setae, R4+5 with 2–5 setae subapically. Alula with 4–6 setae. Squama with 25–31 setae.</p><p>Legs. Spurs of fore tibia 88–96 µm, of middle tibia 72–96 and 72–80 µm, of hind tibia 90–100 and 64–84 µm long. Hind tibial comb composed of 12–14 setae. Fore leg with 1 apical pseudospur on ta1; mid and hind legs with 2 apical pseudospurs on ta1 and ta2. Sensilla chaetica absent. ta4 cylindrical, ta5 slightly curved. Pulvilli small. Tip of claws serrate, with about 5 teeth. Lengths and proportions of legs as in Table 1.</p><p>Hypopygium (Figs.1–7, 24–25). Tergite IX with 11–18 setae. Anal point absent. Laterosternite IX with 8–13 setae. Gonocoxite 240–256 Μm long. Sternapodeme broadly arched, 180–216 Μm long and 36 Μm wide. Phallapodeme 100–132 Μm long; aedeagal lobe large, forked distally. Gonostylus 112–124 Μm long; in distal part with long, strong setae and 1–2 apical megasetae 8–16 Μm long. HR 1.94–2.29.</p><p>Pupa. Specimens from the Amur River basin do not differ from those described from Japan (Endo et al. 2007).</p><p>Fourth instar larva (n = 6).</p><p>Total length 6.4–7.1 mm.</p><p>Coloration brownish; head capsule light yellow with postoccipital margin black and mandible dark brown or black in apical part; procercus light-yellow.</p><p>Head capsule 560–576 µm long and 360–440 µm wide; postoccipital margin narrow. Some setae of head with divided apex (Fig. 15). Labral setae S I long, divided into 6–8 unequal sized branches. Lamellae consisted of a semicircular row of broad, overlapping scales apically serrate (Fig. 18). Premandible narrow, with 6 inner teeth (Fig. 17). Length of antennal segments (µm): 62–64, 17, 3–4, 8. Longest branch of antennal blade 267 µm long, shorter branch 217 µm long. AR 2.17–2.38. Mandible with apical tooth in 1.5–1.6 times longer of combined width of inner teeth; seta interna with 3 simple branches (Fig. 19). Mentum with 3 pairs of lateral teeth and wide dome-shaped median tooth; ventromental plate small (Figs. 20–21). Maxillary palp 2–2.5 times longer than wide, with 5 short setae in apical part and 4–5 short setae laterally, basally with ring organ. M appendage of prementohypopharyngeal complex with 2 median lamellae and 6–8 pairs of lateral lamellae (Figs. 22, 27). Abdominal setae short and thin, pale. Procercus 2–2.5 times longer than wide, bearing 5–6 apical setae.</p><p>FIGURES 18–23. Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, larva. 18, labral lamellae and S I; 19, mandible; 20, mentum of 4th instar larva; 21, mentum of 3rd instar larva; 22, M appendage of premento-hypopharyngeal complex; 23, antenna. Scale bars: Figs. 18, 23: 20 µm; Figs. 19–22: 50 µm.</p><p>Taxonomic notes. In the remarks to description of Linevitshia yezoensis we wrote that “males of L. yezoensis differ from L. prima in the shape of gonostylus and the sternapodeme. L. yezoensis has one apical megaseta whereas L. prima has three to four” (Endo et al. 2007). Additional study of L. prima holotype, Japanese material of L. yezoensis and the new material of L. prima from Amur River basin showed that shape of transverse sternapodeme of males from all populations are very similar or the same. In the holotype (freshly emerged male specimen), apical part of sternapodeme was not good visible. Shape of the hypopygial gonostylus from all populations are also very similar or the same and depends on its position on slides. Some males of L. yezoensis from Hokkaido have 2 megasetae on gonostylus (Fig. 3), whereas specimens of L. prima from Amur River basin have 1–2 megasetae (Figs. 6–7). All other features of adult males of known populations of Linevitshia completely overlap, justifying the presently proposed synonymization of Linevitshia yezoensis Endo and Linevitshia prima Makarchenko.</p><p>continued.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BD401EE26FFFF3E0ED212FFED0FE11	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Makarchenko, Eugenyi A.;Semenchenko, Alexander A.	Makarchenko, Eugenyi A., Semenchenko, Alexander A. (2014): Morphological redescription and DNA barcoding of Linevitshia prima Makarchenko, 1987 (Diptera: Chironomidae: Diamesinae) from Amur River basin (Russian Far East), with notes on systematics of the genus. Zootaxa 3872 (4): 355-364, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.4.2
