taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BA816AFFE7FFFDEFF6527FFD9AFAFB.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 5) Female macroptera. Body almost bicoloured; head brown laterally but yellowish medially, pronotum yellowish with coxae darker, pterothorax and abdomen light brown to brown with tube darkest; legs almost clear yellow with femora faintly shaded; antennal segment I brown, II brown with apex yellow, III yellow, IV – VI yellow but brown distally, VII – VIII brown; major setae and fore wing pale. Head longer than wide (Fig. 1), eyes slightly larger dorsally than ventrally, hind ocelli close to compound eyes; dorsal surface without sculpture medially, with weak transverse lines laterally; maxillary stylets retracted to postocular setae, one-third of head width apart, with distinct maxillary bridge; postocular setae weakly capitate, shorter than dorsal length of eyes; mouth cone short and rounded. Antennal segment VIII slender and constricted to base; IV – VI with basal stem (Fig. 3); III with 2 slender sense cones, IV with 3 of which the inner is stouter than the lateral two. Pronotum transverse, epimeral sutures complete, without sculpture lines except for weak median longitudinal ridge (Fig. 1); with 4 pairs of capitate major setae, anteromarginal setae minute. Fore tarsus inner margin produced into stout, distal, slightly curved tooth (Fig. 3). Prosternal sclerites well-developed, mesopresternum broadly boat-shaped (Fig. 4); metathoracic sterno-pleural sutures not developed. Mesonotal lateral setae capitate but small (Fig. 5). Metanotum reticulate, median major setae acute, with one pair of minor setae on anterior third (Fig. 2). Fore wing slender, weakly constricted medially, with 4 or 5 duplicated cilia; sub-basal setae capitate, apex of S 3 weakly capitate (Fig. 5). Pelta longer than wide (Fig. 2); tergites II – VII each with 2 pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae, strongly developed on IV – VI; tergite IX major setae finely acute, longer than tube; tube shorter than head, anal setae not elongate; sternites with transverse row of about 8 short discal setae. Measurements (holotype female in microns): Body length 1920. Head, length 200; width 135; po setae 45. Pronotum, length 125; width 200; major setae aa 30, ml 25, epim 60, pa 35. Fore wing length 700; sub-basal setae S 1 30, S 2 45, S 3 75. Tergite III posteromarginal setae S 1 80, S 2 35. Tergite IX posteromarginal setae S 1 150, S 2 145. Tube length 125. Antennal segments III – VIII length 50, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35; sense cone on III 15. Male macroptera. Very similar to female in colour, sculpture and chaetotaxy, fore tarsal tooth slightly larger; tergite IX setae S 2 short and slightly stout. Measurements (paratype male in microns): Body length 1550. Head length 175. Fore wing length 650. Tergite IX posteromarginal setae S 1 120, S 2 25. Tube length 115.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE7FFFDEFF6527FFD9AFAFB.taxon	discussion	Comments. On antennal segment IV the inner sense cone is stouter than the two outer sense cones, suggesting the possibility that the presence of only three sense cones on this segment has resulted from the fusion of two on the inner apical margin, as occurs in some specimens of H. bituberculatus. The weakly bicoloured body and the relatively elongate head are particularly unusual conditions among species of this genus. Specimens studied. Holotype female, East Malaysia, Sarawak, Tamu Abu, Heart of Borneo Expedition, from grass, 17. viii. 2017 (Alice Wells 16), in ANIC. Paratypes: same locality as holotype, 1 female from Fabaceae pink flowers, 22. viii. 2017. Timor - Leste, Railoka, 1 male from rice, 28. viii. 2018 (Alice Wells 054). Thailand, 1 female taken in quarantine at Sydney, Australia, from asparagus, 20. xi. 2002 (A. Hall).	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE4FFFCEFF650B6FDF7FED0.taxon	description	This species was described from Nelson [Gordonvale] near Cairns in northern Queensland, Australia. It is widespread in northern Australia, and specimens have been studied from northeastern Queensland north of Cairns and from Torres Straits Islands, also from Northern Territory around Darwin and the Coburg Peninsula, and from Western Australia between Broome and Kununurra. Many specimens have also been studied from Sarawak in East Malaysia, from Timor-Leste, Laos, and Thailand, as well as from southern China in Hunan and Guizhou Provinces; all of these specimens are available in the Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra. These specimens, of both sexes, all have dark pronotal setae, in contrast to specimens of the structurally similar species, H. ganglebaueri, that is common across much of Australia. The shaded area at the base of the fore wing in H. anceps is generally smaller than in H. ganglebaueri. Moreover, there is a fairly consistent difference in host associations, with H. ganglebaueri breeding in the flowers of Poaceae and Cyperaceae, but H. anceps breeding in the flowers of various dicotyledonous plants. A further name that needs to be considered when studying the Haplothrips of countries to the north of Australia is H. chinensis Priesner. This was described from Hong Kong, and Asian specimens identified as H. chinensis cannot at present, be distinguished satisfactorily from Australian specimens identified as H. anceps. This is not a simple case of synonymy, because Okajima (2006) indicated that the females of H. chinensis cannot be distinguished from females of H. brevitubus (Karny), a species recorded from Japan and Korea. However, Okajima reported that the males of H. chinensis and H. brevitubus can be distinguished by a slight difference in the apex of the male aedeagus. The significance and validity of these three available names for thrips species that are often abundant in Asia requires further study.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE2FFFBEFF655AAFB39FCD8.taxon	description	Specimens studied from Timor-Leste, mainly from dead branches: Aileu, 1 male, 22. viii. 2018; Fatu Kero, 3 females 7 males, 27. viii. 2018; Gleno, 6 females, 2 males, 28. iii. 2018 (Alice Wells & LAM).	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE2FFFBEFF6565AFC13FA72.taxon	description	Described from the Mentawei Islands of Sumatra, Indonesia, type specimens of this species were examined at the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt in July 2018 and compared with the specimens from Sarawak listed below. The species is a typical member of the genus, with maxillary stylets wide apart and retracted to the postocular setae, and the mesopresternum broadly boat-shaped. But the pronotal major setae are relatively short and capitate, and the fore wing sub-basal seta S 3 is exceptionally long and finely acute. The female has a short curved tooth at the inner apex of the fore tarsus, but the male has a more broadly based lateral tooth. The fustis in abdominal segment IX of females is unusually elongate, and the mid and hind tarsi are dark brown. Measurements (female from Sarawak in microns). Body length 2150. Head, length 185; postocular setae 30. Pronotum, length 160; width 240; major setae am 28, aa 25, ml 25, epim 40, pa 35. Fore wing sub-basal setae S 1 25, S 2 25, S 3 100; with 8 duplicated cilia. Tergite IX setae S 1 60, S 2 60. Tube length 110. Specimens studied. East Malaysia, Sarawak, Tamu Abu, Heart of Borneo expedition, collected by Ng Foo Yong and Alice Wells: 2 females 2 males from pink Fabaceae flowers, 22. viii. 2017; 2 females 1 male from roadside weeds, 14. viii. 2017; 4 females 1 male from grass flowers. 17. viii. 2017.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE2FFFBEFF6533CFD4EF85E.taxon	description	Measurements. Body length 1950. Head, length 220; postocular setae 60. Pronotum, length 160; width 270; major setae am 40, aa 50, ml 60, epim 90, pa 80. Fore wing sub-basal setae S 1 60, S 2 70, S 3 100; with 10 duplicated cilia. Tergite IX setae S 1 95, S 2 90. Tube length 170.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE3FFFAEFF655AAFEF3FBC2.taxon	description	Described originally from Sri Lanka, with synonyms described from Sudan, India and Java (ThripsWiki 2019), this species is also recorded from Iran (Minaei & Mound 2008), the southern half of Japan (Okajima 2006), and is here newly recorded from Australia as a result of the above synonymy. One paratype of H. themedae has been studied, from Themeda gigantea, Sumatra, 4. vi. 1922 (Fulmek). Despite the statement in the original description concerning a large fore tarsal tooth in H. themedae, no such tooth is visible on this paratype. The specimen has the maxillary stylets rather more deeply retracted than is usual in H. ganglebaueri but cannot otherwise be distinguished. The species described by Hood as H. angustus from New South Wales, Australia, has previously been considered a synonym of H. anceps (Mound & Minaei 2007). However, these two are here distinguished on the colour of the pronotal setae, the position of the maxillary stylets, and the shape of the apex of sub-basal seta S 3 on the fore wing. Despite the accepted synonymies, genetic differences presumably exist between populations across this vast area, from Iran to eastern Australia. For example, females identified as H. ganglebaueri from Iran and India usually have no visible fore tarsal tooth, whereas females from Malesia, Japan and Australia have a minute or very small tooth. Moreover, the fore wing sub-basal setae S 3 varies in length, and in the breadth of its apical expansion. Within Australia, the species has been found mainly in the northern, warmer areas, and the few available specimens from South Australia and Tasmania have the antennae distinctly darker than usual. No significant differences have been found in the shape of the aedeagus between males from different parts of the entire range. This species is particularly associated with species of Cyperaceae and Poaceae, although adults are often taken from other plants. As discussed above, H. ganglebaueri is very similar in structure to H. anceps and related species from Southeast Asia, but has the pronotal major setae pale.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE3FFFAEFF6516CFB59FA13.taxon	description	Males of this species have been found mainly in Africa (Mound & Marullo 1996), and the species presumably originated on that continent. It is particularly common in countries around the Caribbean and is widespread in tropical countries around the world. Eight synonyms are recognised (ThripsWiki 2019), but there is little information available concerning its biology, although adults with larvae have been taken in the flowers of various Asteraceae as well as Poaceae (Mound & Wells 2015). Among the species of Haplothrips with two sense cones on the third antennal segment it is usually readily distinguished by the small, almost spherical segment III (Fig. 17), the yellow colour and large size of segment IV, and the long, pointed setae on tergite IX that extend to the apex of the tube.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE3FFF9EFF65243FDB8FDAC.taxon	description	This species remains based on a single female from Java, Buitenzorg, 2. v. 1923. Studied at the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt, in 2018, it is a rather dark individual, with antennal segments IV – VIII dark brown, and all femora extensively brown (Fig. 18). The sense cone formula is remarkable, two on III but three on IV, and among described Haplothrips species this is shared with only four other species. These are H. aliceae described above, also H. fici Mound & Minaei and H. lyndi Mound & Minaei from northern Australia, and H. williamsi Moulton from Hawaii. H. williamsi remains known only from the original eight specimens taken on Hawaii in 1929, and was described as having “ legs yellow ” and antennal segments “ one and four to eight brown, and two and three light brownish yellow ”. Mound and Matsunaga (2017) studied a paratype of H. williamsi from the Moulton collection, San Francisco, and stated “ legs almost clear yellow ” and illustrated this paratype as having antennal segment III yellow in contrast to uniformly brown segments IV – VIII. Both H. incognitus and H. williamsi have antennal segments VII and VIII closely joined, whereas in the other three species listed above antennal segment VIII is more elongate and narrowed to the base. H. incognitus is most similar to H. lyndi in colour and structure, but these two will need to be compared using fresh undamaged specimens.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFE0FFF9EFF65786FADBFB51.taxon	description	Although this species was said to be described from many specimens of both sexes, taken on Nias, Sumatra, only one male syntype was found to survive in the collections at the Natural History Museum, London (Mound 1968). However, one female with the original data is available in the collections of the Senckenberg Museum, Frankfurt (Fig. 11). As in H. imperatae, the maxillary stylets are unusually elongate, retracted to just anterior to the postocular setae and close together medially in the head. In contrast to H. imperatae, the pronotal major setae are shorter, and the antennal segments paler with segment III distinctly longer. The pronotal setae are light brown, the mid and hind tarsi are dark brown, and the fore tarsi of the female bear a slightly hooked tooth at the inner apex. Measurements (syntype female). Body length 2300. Head, length 270; width 200; maxillary stylet separation 10; postocular setae 55. Pronotum, length 200; width 300; major setae am 25, aa 30, ml 35, epim 50, pa 45. Fore wing sub-basal setae S 1 35, S 2 50, S 3 70; with 9 duplicated cilia. Tergite IX setae S 1?, S 2 85. Tube length 150.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
03BA816AFFEEFFF7EFF655AAFCBFFD6A.taxon	description	This is an unusual species, of which very few specimens have ever been found. Described from a single male taken near Darwin in northern Australia, seven specimens are listed below that share most character states with this holotype. Amongst these specimens the setae on tergite IX are curiously variable. The holotype male has setae S 1 and S 3 capitate, with S 2 pointed on one side but blunt on the other. However, the three males from Badu Is. have setae S 1 and S 2 more or less capitate but S 3 long and acute, whereas the female collected with them has all three pairs of setae capitate. The two females from Timor-Leste have setae S 1 capitate, S 2 pointed and unusually short (10 microns), and S 3 pointed but about as long as S 1. The single female from South Australia is probably not conspecific, because the setae on tergite IX, also the pronotal epimeral setae, are very short and broadly capitate. Specimens studied. Torres Strait Islands, Badu Is., 3 males, 1 female from Coriandrum, 18. xi. 2009. South Australia, Adelaide, Mt George, 1 female from dead leaves, 19. xii. 2005. Timor-Leste, Dili, 1 female from Euphorbia hirta, 20. ii. 2005, 1 female from grasses, 21. viii. 2018.	en	Mound, Laurence A. (2019): Identification of Haplothrips species from Malesia (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripinae). Zootaxa 4623 (1): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4623.1.3
