taxonID	type	description	language	source
03BB8170C748E304FF53F947FB5132E1.taxon	discussion	Müller-Doblies & Müller-Doblies (1996) described Ornithogalum rossouwii Müller-Doblies & Müller-Doblies (1996: 394), a South African species related to O. maculatum Jacquin (1789: 368) [= Eliokarmos thunbergianus (Baker 1873: 269) Mart. - Azorín, M. B. Crespo, M. Pinter & Wetschnig in Martínez-Azorín et al. (2015: 167)], but differing by the permanent smaller size; only 1 – 2 succulent, cymbiform, plumbeus-coloured leaves; white or pale carneous flowers with the outer tepals showing greenish, indistinct maculae; and the disjunct distribution spanning Sutherland (Western Cape) and Jansenville (Eastern Cape) in South Africa. Manning et al. (2007) opted to consider O. rossouwii a synonym of O. maculatum. Our recent collection of O. rossouwii from the surroundings of Aberdeen, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa (Kariegasfontein Farm, 40 km west of Aberdeen on R 61, A. P. Dold et al. TD 16045 GRA!) (Fig. 1) lead us to accept the arguments provided by Müller-Doblies & Müller-Doblies (1996) in the protologue and consider O. rossouwii as different from the morphologically variable O. maculatum. We reclassify Ornithogalum rossouwii in Eliokarmos and present the new combination here.	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C749E307FF53F90DFDD33608.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — SOUTH AFRICA. Sutherland (3220 DD): 2 km N of Buffelsrivier and 32 km N of Laingsburg on Sutherland road, ca. 800 m of elevation, 04 August 1986, veg. A 2, Müller-Doblies 86037 b (holotype PRE; isotypes B, BTU, K, NBG-STE; none of the cited collections were found).	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C749E307FF53F90DFDD33608.taxon	discussion	The original description of Ornithogalum rossouwii by Müller-Doblies & Müller-Doblies (1996) does not include data on capsule and seed morphology (unknown). We provide an illustration (Fig. 1), and an amendment to the morphological description, including a range extension for tepal size based on the mentioned Aberdeen population: Tepals 9 − 10 × 5 − 6 mm (not only 13 − 15 × 5 − 7 mm); Capsule ovate, apiculate, ca. 5 × 3 mm, dehiscing by 3 valves to ca. mid length; Seeds subglobose, comma shaped, apiculate, 1.0 − 1.2 × 0.8 − 1.0 mm, black, glossy, minutely tuberculate in appearance; testa cells sinuose and puzzle-like, with sunken anticlinal walls, and rised central portions giving tuberculate aspect. The taxonomic revisions of Ornithogalum Linnaeus (1753: 306) sensu lato in southern Africa by Obermeyer (1978) and Müller-Doblies & Müller-Doblies (1996) accept Ornithogalum multifolium Baker (1873: 271) and O. rupestre Linnaeus f. (1782: 199) as distinct species, based on their different size and proportions, and flower colour. However, Manning et al. (2007) opted to accept a broader species concept to merge O. multifolium in the synonymy of the priority name O. rupestre. Martínez-Azorín et al. (2011) followed the latter species treatment and presented the combination Eliokarmos rupestris (Linnaeus f. 1782: 199) Mart. - Azorín, M. B. Crespo & Juan in Martínez-Azorín et al. (2011: 30). Our field work in the previous decade confirmed that the typical and commonly spread yellow-flowered O. multifolium differs from diverse populations fitting O. rupestre sensu Obermeyer (1978) and Müller-Doblies & Müller-Doblies (1996), constantly showing white to pale carneous flowers, and smaller size. Therefore, a new combination of O. multifolium in Eliokarmos is needed.	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C74AE307FF53FDA6FED03698.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — SOUTH AFRICA. Namaqualand, Modderfontein, Whitehead s. n. (holotype TCD barcode TCD 0000389 digital image!)	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C74AE307FF53F8B2FACB3C44.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — IRAN. Prope Siaret [Ziarat], 21 April 1858, A. von Bunge (Lectotype here designated: P barcode P 00731039!; isolectotype LE barcode LE 00010920 digital image!, G-BOISS barcode G-BOISS 00775770 digital image!). Syntypes: IRAN. Supra Asterabad, 4 April 1858, A. von Bunge (P barcode P 00731040!, LE barcode LE 00010921 digital image!, G-BOISS barcode G-BOISS 00775771 digital image!). Note: We select the voucher at P as lectotype as it is the most complete and informative.	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C74AE307FF53FCD1FA3D337C.taxon	discussion	Species traditionally included in Ornithogalum subgenus Beryllis (Salisbury 1866: 33) Baker (1873: 260) are currently accepted as Loncomelos (cf. Martínez-Azorín et al. 2011). They are characterised by their long and tapering, concolourous leaves; long racemose inflorescence; white or yellowish tepals with a longitudinal green band on the abaxial side; filaments expanded in the lower half; ovoid capsule, trigonous with obtuse angles; and seeds biseriate, irregularly compressed, with papillate, rugose testa (cf. Baker 1873, Zahariadi 1980, Wittmann 1985, Speta 1998 a, Martínez-Azorín et al. 2009). As shown by Martínez-Azorín et al. (2011), two species of Loncomelos form a clade that is sister to several samples of Ornithogalum sensu stricto and Honorius Gray (1821: 177). The latter two genera are clearly differentiated by the morphology of inflorescences and six lobed capsules and globose seeds with reticulate testa. Therefore, we here accept Loncomelos, following the concept of Wittmann (1985) and Speta (1998 a), as a valid generic concept on the basis of clear morphological and phylogenetic evidence. Similarly, Loncomelos has been accepted increasingly in recent times (cf. Speta 1998 a, b, 2000, 2006, Spies 2004, Peruzzi et al. 2007, Ravenna 2007, Garbari et al. 2008, Riahi Rad et al. 2019, Bogdanović et al. 2021). In the last decade, two new species of Ornithogalum sensu lato (yet fitting the morphology of Loncomelos), namely Ornithogalum khuzestanicum Heydarian, Hamdi & Assadi in Heydarian et al. (2012: 48), and Ornithogalum sanandajense Maroofi (2010: 76), were described from Iran and the Kurdistan region respectively. Further, the phylogenetic analyses by Riahi Rad et al. (2019) show that Ornithogalum bungei Boissier (1882: 213) and O. kurdicum Bornmüller (1908: 135) fall within a large clade including several Loncomelos samples, and their morphology share the diagnostic characters of Loncomelos. This observation is also supported by their morphological studies. The clade assimilated to Loncomelos in Riahi Rad et al. (2019) contains three samples of Melomphis persica (Hausskn. ex Bornmüller 1908: 102) Mart. - Azorín, M. B. Crespo & Juan in Martínez-Azorín et al. (2011: 33), whilst M. arabica (Linnaeus 1753: 307) Rafinesque (1837: 22) ― the type of Melomphis Rafinesque (1837: 21) ― remains as an independent linage at the base of all Eurasian samples in Ornithogaloideae. As commented by Riahi Rad et al. (2019), Melomphis persica clearly approaches M. arabica based on flower morphology, but resembles Loncomelos in plant height, leaf number, leaf length, flower number, perigone length and width, therefore suggesting a possible hybrid origin between M. arabica and some eastern Loncomelos species, which would explain its phylogenetic placement. We prefer not to include Ornithogalum persicum Hausskn. ex Bornmüller (1908: 102) in Loncomelos until further data become available. Finally, Ornithogalum pycnanthum Wendelbo (1967: 97) was described from Iran and included later by Rechinger (1990) in O. subgen. Beryllis. Based on morphology, we present the combination of the following species in Loncomelos. We accept the gender of Loncomelos as masculine following Stearn (1992) and Speta (2001).	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C74BE306FF53FF4CFB77356D.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — IRAN. Khuzestan: km 15 Baghe-Malek to Izeh, 700 m of elevation, in a valley, 20 April 1982, Assadi & Aboohamzeh 38796 (holotype TARI). Paratype: IRAN. Khuzestan Prov., Ahvaz to Shushtar, Mollasani, 40 m of elevation, 16 March 1986, Mozaffarian (TARI 62703).	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C74BE306FF53FE80FD85360D.taxon	materials_examined	Lectotype (designated as “ holotypus ” by Rechinger 1990: 122, tab. 98): — IRAQ. Kurdistania (Assyria orientalis): in montis Kuh-Sefin reg. infer. ad pagum Schaklava (ditionis Erbikl.), 1000 m of elevation, 12 May 1893, J. Bornmüller 1858 (B barcode B 10 0108740 digital image!; https: // herbarium. bgbm. org / object / B 100108740). Note: The original material (syntypes) are conserved on two sheets at Berlin (B barcode B 10 0108740 digital image!, B barcode B 10 0108741 digital image!), of which the lectotype designated by Rechinger (loc. cit.) was explicitly indicated and illustrated in Fig. 98 of Flora Iranica. Therefore, no secondstep lectotype designation is needed.	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C74BE306FF53FDA0FA9436B9.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — IRAN. Bakhtiari country: Cheshm-e Kuh Rang, in snow beds, 2500 m of elevation, 31 May 1959, Per Wendelbo 962 (holotype BG barcode S- 2000126, image! https: // www. unimus. no / felles / bilder / web _ hent _ bilde. php? id = 13978421 & t ype = jpeg). Paratype: IRAN. Kuh Rang, near the dam, 2400 m of elevation, 31 May 1959, Per Wendelbo 999 (BG).	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
03BB8170C74BE306FF53FCF4FB1D37C9.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — IRAN. Kurdistan, 28 km from Saqqez to Baneh, Piromaran village, Nacarouz mountain, 2500 m elevation, 10 June 2003, Maroofi & Sh. Naseri, 6137 (holotype Kurdistan herbarium; isotype TARI).	en	Martínez-Azorín, Mario, Dold, Anthony P., Crespo, Manuel B., Alonso- Vargas, María Á. (2021): New combinations in Hyacinthaceae subfam. Ornithogaloideae. Phytotaxa 524 (1): 59-64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.1.7
