taxonID	type	description	language	source
014887EBFFD1FFC82415F94EFE51D037.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Hygroamblystegium varium var. varium was found in two contrasting habitats: on floating peat in the Dar Fatma peatland, covered by rich herbaceous carpets dominated by Baldellia repens (Lam.) van Ooststr. ex Lawalrée, Lotus pedunculatus Cav., Lysimachia tenella L., L. tyrrhenia (Thore) U. Manns & Anderb. and Potamogeton polygonifolius Pourr., and on soil in the riparian alder forest of Oued Ziatine on Cap Serrat. The Dar Fatma peatland is unique in North Africa and designated as a Natural Reserve in 1993. Its raised circular mounds of waterlogged peat measuring 15 - 25 m ² are separated by wet lawns and surrounded by hygrophilic scrublands of Erica scoparia L. and Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (Muller et al. 2010). Hygroamblystegium varium var. varium was accompanied by a remarkable hygrophilous assemblage of species, including Aulacomnium palustre (Hedw.) Schwägr, Philonotis fontana (Hedw.) Brid., Plagiomnium affine (Bland. ex Funck) T. J. Kop., Riccardia multifida (L.) Gray and Sphagnum auriculatum Schimp., which are all rare bryophyte species in North Africa. The taxonomic treatment of the Hygroamblystegium varium complex has changed substantially in recent years (Vanderpoorten 2004). The Tunisian material is particularly difficult to identify because it combines characteristics of var. humile (P. Beauv.) Vanderp. & Hedenäs and var. varium. However, it is attributed to var. varium because typical morphotypes occur in all the localities. The deviant morphs are considered juvenile or underdeveloped specimens. Hygroamblystegium varium var. varium is characterized by its shortly acuminate or obtuse leaves, the nerve nearly reaching the apex, and the short rhomboidal cells. Hygroamblystegium varium var. varium is a circumpolar temperate taxon present everywhere on the American continent as well as in Eurasia, South Africa, New Zealand and Antarctica (Vanderpoorten 2014).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFD0FFC8249DFC4BFA3BD295.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Philonotis marchica was collected in two peaty habitats: in a peaty meadow of Eleocharis multicaulis (Sm.) Desv., Isoetes duriei Bory and Ranunculus hederaceus L. (M’hrida), and on floating peat of the Dar Fatma peatland (see Hygroamblystegium varium var. varium for the site description). Elsewhere, this pioneer species is said to occur in open environments, on seepy roadbanks, in mires, on peat, on wet rocks, and river banks (Dismier 1907; Dierssen 2001). In Tunisia, it seems to be strictly linked to peatlands. The species is characterized by its keeled lanceolate leaves, with an acute to acuminate apex, dentate with simple, sharp teeth. The margins are plane at the base. The nerve is percurrent or slightly excurrent, and papillose. Axillary ovate bulbils are present. The laminal cells constantly bear regular distal mamillae. Herbarium specimens of Philonotis marchica have been confused on several occasions with P. capillaris Lindb. or P. fontana (Hedw.) Brid. (Dismier 1907), two species that are probably more frequent than P. marchica in Tunisia (Jelenc 1955 a, 1967). Philonotis marchica is a European southern-temperate species widespread in the Mediterranean area, including Macaronesia, but rare in Northern Europe (Ros et al. 2013; Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020). It also occurs in Southwestern Asia (Kürschner & Frey 2020), and in North (Zales 1973; Griffin 2014) and South America (Delgadillo et al. 1995).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFD0FFC827C0FA0DFC73D669.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Riccardia chamedryfolia was collected on wet organic substrate on the banks of a wadi (see Fissidens fontanus for the site description). In other regions, this liverwort occurs on damp to wet substrates in shaded to exposed habitats where it grows on the ground or on tree roots. It can behave like a hydrophyte in wet mires, swamps or along rivers (Paton 1999; Damsholt 2002). Riccardia multifida, previously mentioned in Tunisia (Ros et al. 2007), seems to have ecological requirements similar to those of R. chamedryfolia (Jovet-Ast & Bischler 1971). Both are probably strongly linked to the most humid habitats of Tunisia, namely the main riverbeds of permanent waterways. Riccardia chamedryfolia is characterized by the distribution of oil bodies within the epidermal cells. At the thallus apex, the oil bodies spread over the entire width of the lobe. The branches do not have clear wings, with the marginal cells of the thallus barely protruding. The previous report of Riccardia chamedryfolia by Ros et al. (2007) was based on collections published before 1962 and considered dubious because of a possible confusion with R. multifida. The present report can thus be considered the first reliable mention for Tunisia. Riccardia chamedryfolia is a European boreo-temperate species widespread in Europe, including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), also present in North Africa (Ros et al. 2013), Asia (Russia, Konstantinova et al. 2009; China, Piippo 1990; and Japan, Yamada & Iwatsuki 2006) and North America (Faubert 2015).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFD3FFCB27F4F9CCFB08D116.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Bryum gemmilucens was collected in a cork oak forest, on a wet lawn with Isoetes histrix Bory, Ophioglossum lusitanicum L. and Radiola linoides Roth (Majen el Ma), and on a peat meadow, bordering temporary ponds (Majen Sghaïer). This tiny species was previously neglected in Tunisia, probably because it is inconspicuous or has only recently received taxonomic recognition (Wilczek & Demaret 1976). North African Mediterranean wetlands – semi-permanent lakes, peatlands and temporary pools – are habitats with high conservation value (Belouahem-Abed et al. 2011; Bouldjedri et al. 2011; Daoud-Bouattour et al. 2011; Rhazi et al. 2012). These fragile ecosystems are subject to strong pressures from overgrazing (Bouahim et al. 2010; Ferchichi-Ben Jamaa et al. 2014), which can cause severe trampling of the substrate. Paradoxically in Tunisia, wandering animals that scuff the superficial layer of soil can promote the spread of pioneer species such as Bryum gemmilucens, which are typically linked to open ground and bare soil (Demaret 1993). The occurrence of numerous long-lived gemmae buried in the substrate (Wilczek & Demaret 1976) may contribute to this species’ success in such habitats. Bryum gemmilucens is distinguished from similar species of the B. dichotomum complex by the occurrence of many very shiny yellowish-brown axillary gemmae with reduced apical appendages (Demaret 1993). Bryum gemmilucens is primarily a European-western North American sub-oceanic temperate species, slightly penetrating to western Asia Minor and North Africa. It is scattered in Europe, including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), present in Northwestern Africa (Ros et al. 2013), Southwestern Asia (Turkey; Kürschner & Frey 2020), and Northwestern America (California; Spence 1988).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFD3FFCB24E3FB4BFB0ED295.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Bryum gemmiparum was found growing in a calcareous wadi bordered by riparian woods dominated by Nerium oleander L. and Olea europaea var. sylvestris, along tufa mini-dams obstructing water flows. In Europe, this moss grows in cushions on wet rocks running along watercourses (Demaret 1993), and on sunny, flat silty sandstone rocks in zones flooded by rivers (Holyoak 2014). Our specimen was collected in a comparable habitat. In Tunisia, violent periodic flooding may help maintain pioneer species such as Bryum gemmiparum by regularly denuding rock surfaces. The species is immediately recognizable by the occurrence of several shiny gemmiform bulbils per axil. These are characteristically ovoid-obloid, foliated from the middle to the apex, attenuated and stipitate at the base. Bryum gemmiparum is a Mediterranean-Atlantic species widespread in Europe, including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020; Holyoak 2021), and present in North Africa (Ros et al. 2013), Southwestern Asia (Kürschner & Frey 2020) and North America (Spence 2014).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFD3FFCB2605FEC9FECDD0F4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Homalothecium meridionale was collected on soil, on the banks of a wadi (see Fissidens fontanus for the site description) (Khorguelia), and in an abandoned iron mine workings, and on earth-covered rocks (Tamra). It has been thoroughly studied in Portugal where it grows usually as an epiphyte and as a saxicolous species on limestone rocks (Sérgio et al. 2016). It seems to occupy a wide variety of unspecialized niches in distinct habitats. The moss differs from Homalothecium sericeum (Hedw.) Schimp. mostly in the ornamentation of the seta, which is slightly rough in the upper ¼ (Hedenäs et al. 2014). The outer exostome ornamentation is diagnostic followingSérgio et al. (2016), but could not be verified owing to poor state of preservation of the peristome. Vegetative characters seem to be more difficult to interpret (branch leaves are usually widest at 15 - 30 % above the leaf base; weak marginal denticulation at the alar region, with teeth that are rarely and only slightly bent outwards). Homalothecium meridionale is a Mediterranean species, present also in Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020). Recent phylogenetic analyses have shown that H. sericeum s. l. includes three molecular-based groups (H. mandonii (Mitt.) Geh., H. meridionale and H. sericeum s. s.; Hedenäs et al. 2014), and the detailed distribution of the two latter is incompletely known.	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFD2FFCA2623FEC9FB2FD44B.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Clevea hyalina grows in the Jbel Serj National Park on the north side of a calcareous cliff covered by rupicolous and grazing-resistant plants, on a sub-horizontal soil pocket. This strongly calcicolous species is known to occur in two distinct latitudinal belts, corresponding to two extremely dissimilar habitats. In the Arctic region, it occurs on polygons and solifluction slopes with such cold-adapted species as Arnellia fennica (Gottsche) Lindb. and Sauteria alpina (Nees) Nees (Schuster 1992). In warmer regions, at low elevations, it is usually restricted to steep, shaded, densely-forested slopes and cliff bases (Schuster 1992; Damsholt 2002), which remarkably, is the same ecological setting as the one observed in Tunisia. Associated species include xerothermophytes such as Encalypta vulgaris Hedw. and Targionia hypophylla L. In this context, there are two major categories of strongly disjointed distributional ranges. Firstly, the so-called ‘ arcticalpine taxa’ occur both in boreo-arctic regions and at high elevations on the southernmost mountain ranges (Stevanović et al. 2009). Their disparate ranges are thought to be the product of the warming at the end of the last glaciation, which triggered both northward and upward migrations of the populations occupying previously the Europe’s lowland steppes. Secondly, taxa at different levels of ploidy often present disjointed distributional ranges that could be associated with different ecological requirements. The proportion of polyploids in mosses also increases with latitude in North America as it does in Europe (Kuta & Przywara 1997), and this can be attributed to the heightened ability of polyploids to colonize northern deglaciated areas following the last glaciation (Brochmann et al. 2004). The disjointed distribution of Clevea hyalina may correspond to one (or both) of these patterns, but it is clearly the heritage of its ancient distribution in the Glacial Age. The species is characterized by its long ventral hyaline scales projecting beyond the margins at the thallus apex, and the blackish ventral scales. The cells surrounding the pores are stellate with thickened radial walls. The Tunisian specimen was sterile. Jovet-Ast & Bischler (1971) studied intensively the liverwort flora of Tunisia but failed to record Clevea hyalina. One hypothesis is that the species is quite difficult to spot in the field during the dry season (Rubasinghe 2011) or genuinely rare and localized, as indicated by the paucity of North African reports. The species reaches its southern distributional limit in the Maghreb. The species is also present in Algeria and Morocco (Ros et al. 2007). Clevea hyalina is a circumpolar arctic-montane species occurring in Europe (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), North Africa (Bischler 2004; Ros et al. 2007), Central (Rubasinghe 2011) and North Asia (Borovichev & Bakalin 2013), and North America (Schuster 1992).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFD2FFCA245FFE29FA14D3F4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The populations of Fissidens crassipes subsp. warnstorfii were found growing on banks and on submerged rocks and roots in siliceous (Oued Zen, Oued Titria) and calcareous (Oued Zitoun) geological settings. The vascular vegetation consisted of riparian woods dominated by Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. and Nerium oleander on sandstone, and by N. oleander and Olea europaea var. sylvestris on limestone. In Tunisia, the subspecies is hydro-hygrophilic. At Oued Zitoun, it was encrusted with lime, which is also often the case in other parts of its range (Bruggeman-Nannenga 1982); it was also found along siliceous watercourses, as is the case in Europe. Fissidens crassipes subsp. warnstorfii is characterized by leaves that narrow abruptly into an acute, obtuse or apiculate apex, with a border (at least in some portion of the lamina) that does not reach the apex. The apical part of the leaf is shorter than the sheathing part, and the limbidium is often lacking in dorsal and upper parts. It is a polymorphic subspecies (Potier de la Varde 1930; Bizot 1952) widespread elsewhere in North Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco). It is considered a submediterranean subspecies present in South and Central Europe, including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), in North Africa (Ros et al. 2013), and inSouthwestern Asia (Kürschner & Frey 2020).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFD2FFC524B2F92EFD12D197.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Fissidens fontanus was collected from a degraded riparian forest dominated by Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl, Nerium oleander, Quercus canariensis and Q. suber, where it was growing below the mean low water level on rocks and on submerged roots. Its European habitat is comparable. Fissidens fontanus is an aquatic species that grows in a variety of situations (Godfrey 2005): in splash zones, on roots and stones, in water fountain tanks, and in river beds and irrigation canals. Fissidens fontanus has been treated as a threatened species and included in the Red Lists of many European countries (Lilleleht 2001 - 2002; Kučera & Váňa 2003; Schnyder et al. 2004; Hodgetts 2015). However, according to Preston et al. (2014), the species has recently been found in many new sites, which suggests the absence of evidence of a significant general decline and, to the contrary, an apparent expansion of its range. Furthermore, the species is often found in manmade habitats (Piguet et al. 2007). In the Mediterranean region, including Tunisia, this species is found exclusively in natural habitats. Statements in the literature about its pollution tolerance are contradictory (Hill et al. 1992; Privitera & Puglisi 1994; Bednarek-Ochyra et al. 1996; Dierssen 2001; Godfrey 2005). In Tunisia, although there is no obvious sign of pollution, increasing anthropogenic pressures make pollution and eutrophication prominent risk factors. The species is characterized by narrowly linear leaves. The conduplicate part of the leaf reaches between ¼ - 1 / 3 of its length. This European temperate species is widespread in Europe, including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), and present in North Africa (Ros et al. 2013), Southwestern Asia (Kürschner & Frey 2020), and in North (Pursell 2007 a) and Central America (Pursell 2007 b). It has been also reported from Australia and New Zealand, but these populations were recently assigned to F. berterii (Blockeel et al. 2014).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDDFFC52606FACCFB23D488.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Fissidens ovatifolius was collected on well-drained detritic soil from a thermophilic coastal scrubland (Cap Negro), and from the banks of a wadi colonized by a Quercus canariensis and Phillyrea media L. woodland (Khorguelia). In the northern Mediterranean basin, this moss grows on calcareous and siliceous soils and in wet rock crevices, which is comparable to its ecology in Tunisia. It also grows on humid rocks at low altitudes (Guerra & Ederra 2015; IUCN 2019). The species is characterized by leaves whose conduplicate part is half the length of the leaf, bordered by narrow, elongated cells at least in some part of the lamina. The dorsal lamina does not reach the leaf base. Fissidens ovatifolius is a Mediterranean species found primarily albeit rarely in the Mediterranean basin, including Algeria and Morocco (Ros et al. 2013). This species is thought to be under-recorded and could be far more widespread than is currently known (IUCN 2019).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDDFFC524E5FD69FC6CD295.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Grimmia dissimulata was found growing on calcareous rocks and screes in deep semi-wooded valleys dominated by woods composed of olive and pistachio mastic trees (Jbel Ichkeul), on a cultivated slope (fig trees, pomegranate, etc.) and xerophytic scrubland (Djebba), and in a rupicolous calcicolous community (Table de Jughurta). In Tunisia, this strongly calcicolous species was observed mainly on scree in natural habitats, which corresponds to its known ecology in Europe (Maier 2002). However, it has also been reported from such artificial substrates as limestone walls and tombstones (Smith 2004; Lüth 2012). The species bears a superficial resemblance to Grimmia meridionalis (Müll. Hal.) E. Maier, G. lisae De Not. and G. trichophylla Grev., but it can be easily distinguished by examining a transverse nerve section that shows 4 guide cells in a single layer at insertion and at the leaf base arranged (G. lisae has 6 guide cells at insertion, and G. trichophylla has additional guide cells that form an incomplete second band). From G. meridionalis, it is harder to set apart: G. meridionalis has two guide cells in the upper part of the leaf, as G. dissimulata, but these are elliptical and oblique, whereas they have a large more or less circular lumen that is not oblique in G. dissumulata. Grimmia dissimulata is a European southern-temperate species widely distributed in the Mediterranean area (Ros et al. 2013). Scattered elsewhere in Europe (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), it also occurs in Western Asia (Kürschner & Frey 2020). Because it is a relatively newly described species (Maier 2002), its distribution is not yet completely known (Porley 2014).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDCFFC42607FA2DFB7AD7CD.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Isothecium myosuroides was found growing in a riparian alder forest on soil, on the banks of a permanent wadi and on large earth-covered blocks, in Oued Zen and El Mérij, and on trees in a wet, deep valley with Ilex aquifolium L. and Blechnum spicant (L.) Sm., for the Jelenc herbarium specimen. In Western Europe, this species often occurs in forests and on woodland soils and rocks, the same ecological setting as in Tunisia. In Europe, it also grows in open habitats (grasslands) and screes (Rothero & Blockeel 2014; IUCN 2019). This moss is characterized by its dendroid habit and irregular branching: the primary stem is prostrate and the secondary is decumbent to erect. Its leaves are imbricate, ovate, ovate-oblong or cordate-triangular, with a long, narrow acumen. The margins are dentate from the base to the apex or only in the upper part, and its alar cells are shortly rectangular or rhomboidal. Isothecium myosuroides is a sub-oceanic boreo-temperate species widespread in Europe including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), extending to North Africa (Ros et al. 2013), Southwestern Asia (Kürschner & Frey 2020) and North America (Bednarek-Ochyra et al. 1994).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDCFFC4232DFCA2FBCCD3E6.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Lophocolea fragrans was collected in a wet valley on rocks on the banks of a permanent wadi surrounded by a riparian alder forest. In Europe, this species occurs frequently in shaded conditions in wet areas, on rocks, on tree roots and on woodland floors (Casas et al. 2009; Bosanquet 2014 a). This is similar to the habitat in Tunisia where it is accompanied by a variety of strongly oceanic vascular plants such as Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth, Carex remota L. and Osmunda regalis L. (Braun-Blanquet 1953). The species is characterized by its strong aroma of camphor. The leaves are succubous, 3 - lobed, usually with strongly dentate margins. The Tunisian specimen has a perianth with one-celled projections on the surface, which recalls Lophocolea muricata (Lehm.) Nees. in this regard (Schuster 1980). Obviously, the variability of L. fragrans is underestimated. Lophocolea fragrans is an oceanic southern-temperate species present in Europe including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), North (Ros et al. 2013), Central and South Africa (Dauphin et al. 2017).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDCFFC427F3FEE9FD38D057.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Schistidium helveticum was growing on calcareous rocks on the slopes and cliffs of the Jbel Ressas in a degraded woodland of arar trees (Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters). In North Europe, this saxicolous moss grows on highly exposed calcareous rocks in warm sites (Blom 1996; Bosanquet 2014 b). In southern regions, it also occurs in more shaded and humid localities, sometimes on north-facing slopes. The ecological situation of Tunisian populations is clearly representative of its general requirements in southern regions. The species is characterized by its deep brown-blackish color with a golden sheen. The leaves are muticous or have a very short hyaline point in the perichaetial leaves. The lamina is partially bistratose and the cells are mostly isodiametric and slightly sinuose. The perichaetial leaves are enlarged, lanceolate, and do not conceal the entire capsule. The exothecial cells are mostly oblong. The peristome is well developed with long semi-perforate teeth. Schistidium helveticum is a European southern-temperate species. It occurs commonly in Mediterranean Europe but is restricted to the lowlands in central Europe and seems to be absent from Eastern Europe (Blom 1996; Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020). It also occurs in North Africa (Ros et al. 2013) and Southwestern Asia (Kürschner & Frey 2020).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDCFFC72466F8B7FEA2D6F6.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Orthotrichum comosum was found growing on the bark of Quercus canariensis on the banks of a wadi (see Fissidens fontanus for the site description). In Europe, this species is mainly an epiphyte that prefers a relatively exposed habitat. It occurs usually in open woods or on isolated trees (Medina et al. 2013). The taxonomic revision of Orthotrichum tenellum s. l. by Medina et al. (2013) led to the recognition of six morphologically distinct species. Among those, O. comosum was described as a new species characterized by its linear or ovate-acute leaves, acute to acuminate but not channeled apices, never rounded or cucullate. The capsule is immersed, with a naked vaginula or only sparse hairs. The exostome teeth are triangular, not truncate and the OPL is ornamented with vermicular lines (it is papillose in O. tenellum). The calyptra bears an apical tuft of robust erect hairs (these are more regularly distributed in O. tenellum). Orthotrichum comosum is a Mediterranean-Macaronesian species restricted to Europe including Macaronesia (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020), and present in North Africa (Medina et al. 2013).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDFFFC72675FBCBFB0ED428.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Riella mediterranea was collected under c. 20 - 30 cm of water in a temporary marsh located in the northern part of the Ichkeul National Park. In the slightly brackish water, the liverwort was growing on dense clay mixed with Chara galioides DC., C. oedophylla Feldm., Damasonium alisma Mill. subsp. bourgaei (Coss.) Maire and Ranunculus peltatus Schrank subsp. baudotii (Godr.) Ball. In other areas, this species occurs in arid or semi-arid environments submerged in temporary ponds of fresh or slightly brackish waters (Segarra-Moragues et al. 2014), which fully corresponds to the ecology in Tunisia. Riella mediterranea is characterized by its helicoid thallus wing. Female involucres are acuminate, and generally have more than 10 low discontinuous, wings that reach neither the tip nor the base of the involucres. The wing cell margins are formed by 1 - 3 rows of hyaline cells, which are densely spinose and have distal spines that are longer than 8 µm with proximal acute spines. In a recent taxonomic review of Riella subg. trabutiella, R. mediterranea was described as a new species (Segarra-Moragues et al. 2014). Accordingly, the Tunisian records of R. cossoniana Trab. (Ros et al. 2007) should be checked. Riella mediterranea is a Mediterranean species. In Europe, this liverwort is reported only on the Iberian Peninsula and in Malta (Segarra-Moragues et al. 2014). It is also present in North Africa and Southwestern Asia (Segarra-Moragues et al. 2014). Because of its recent taxonomic recognition, its distribution remains to be clarified.	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDFFFC724CFFE09FA04D355.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Seligeria acutifolia was growing on cool, deeply shaded calcareous rocks in a recess at the base of a small cliff in a semi-wooded cultivated habitat (fig trees, pomegranate, etc.), along a small waterway. This is a famous site for tourists and shows obvious signs of habitat degradation (unauthorized dumping, water pollution, eutrophication, invasive plants species, etc.). In other areas, the species is present mainly on the bare surfaces of shaded, often north-facing, calcareous rocks. It occurs in wet habitats, at least in winter, but is not normally subject to dripping or running water (Corley & Blockeel 2014), which is identical to its setting in Tunisia. This moss is characterized by its lanceolate-subulate leaves with entire margins arranged in more than three rows. The apices of the upper leaves are typically acute. The differentiated perichaetial leaves all reach the peristomate capsules and make the fertile plants look compact. Seligeria acutifolia is a temperate European species. It is scattered through Europe (Hodgetts & Lockhart 2020) but also occurs in North Africa (Ros et al. 2013), Southwestern Asia (Turkey; Kürschner & Frey 2020) and North America (Vitt 2007). The first and only previous mention of the moss in Africa was in North Morocco by Jiménez et al. (2002). The predominantly holarctic genus Seligeria (Fedosov et al. 2017) is represented in Africa only by S. acutifolia, which is now known in the two localities in North Tunisia and North Morocco respectively. This suggests that this moss, while probably rare in North Africa, is likely to be present in Algeria.	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
014887EBFFDFFFC624E9F92EFCA3D748.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Sphaerocarpos europaeus was collected in a swampy willow (Salix pedicellata Desf.) grove on mud deposited on large aerial roots. The species is characterized by its reddish-brown spore tetrads measuring 135 - 170 µm in diameter. The distal surface has 4 - 6 large alveoli. The papillose lamellae bordering the alveolae reach 10 - 13 µm high, and are spineless at the angles. Ros et al. (2007) noted that Bischler (2004) reported Sphaerocarpos texanus (now considered as S. europaeus; Hodgetts et al. 2020) in Tunisia without any details of locality and that its presence therefore requires verification. The present mention can then be considered as the first reliable citation for Tunisia. Sphaerocarpos europaeus is a Mediterranean-Atlantic species presently known in Europe and North Africa (Ros et al. 2007).	en	Osman, Imen Ben, Hugonnot, Vincent, Muller, Serge D., Daoud-Bouattour, Amina (2022): New bryophytes for Tunisia (North Africa). Part 2: other families. Cryptogamie, Bryologie 20 (11): 173-185, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/cryptogamie-bryologie2022v43a11
