identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
007687DFFFA3FFF2FF37FAE7B02F7E2E.text	007687DFFFA3FFF2FF37FAE7B02F7E2E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Stygioides persephone (Reisser 1962)	<div><p>Stygioides persephone (Reisser, 1962) (Figs 1−5)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype, ♀, O. Kreta, Wurwulitis, Ep. Kaenurgion, nördl. d. Messará [35°02´N; 24°50´E], 22.v.1925, A. Schulz (Museum fur Naturkunde, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.833334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.033333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.833334/lat 35.033333)">Leibniz Institut</a> für <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.833334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.033333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.833334/lat 35.033333)">Evolution</a> und <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.833334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.033333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.833334/lat 35.033333)">Biodiversitatsforschung</a>, Berlin, Germany) . 1 ♂, Greece, Ost-Kreta, Chersonissos [35°19´N; 25°23´E], 16.v.1996, E. Friedrich (coll. E. Friedrich, Jena); 15 ♂, 1 ♀, Süd Kreta, Prov. Rethimnon, 20 km n. Agia Galini, Kouroutes [35°11´N; 24°43´E], 600 m, 20−22.v.2000, leg. Lingenhöle (coll. A. Lingenhöle, Biberach); 1 ♀, Süd Kreta, Asterousia Gebirge, N 34°58´01 E 25°01´49, 800 m, leg. Lingenhöle (coll. A. Lingenhöle, Biberach) .</p><p>Description of male. Wingspan 11.5 mm. Antenna bipectinate, length of comb processes in median ⅓ of flagellum 1.5 of rod diameter. Thorax and abdomen densely covered with brown scales. Fore wing narrow, apex somewhat tapered, wing translucent yet not transparent, with a spray of brown scales, without pattern, costal and outer edge of wing dark brown. Hind wing brown without pattern. Fringe on both wings brown, unicolorous.</p><p>Male genitalia. Uncus with rounded apex; tegumen of medium size; gnathos arms thin, of medium length, fused by membrane; valva narrow, with membranous distal end, distinct border between sclerotized (proximal) and membranous (distal) parts, on costal margin flattened process with slightly serrated edge; transtilla process with small uncinately bent apex; juxta tiny, with two leaf-like lateral processes diluted at angle of 120°; saccus tiny, semicircular. Phallus 1/5 shorter than valva, curved in proximal third, apex strongly narrowed, vesica aperture equal to ⅓ of phallus length, vesica without cornuti.</p><p>Bionomics. Adults are active in May. Males were collected approximately at noon attracted to pheromone trap (BASF – black belt) placed at 2−3 m. Females were found sitting on plants.</p><p>Taxonomic position. The external characters of the males (very small size, the translucent wings without pattern),</p><p>the male genital structure (membranous gnathos), and behaviour (daytime activity,) support the status of this species as a</p><p>member of the genus Stygioides Bruand, 1853 .</p><p>Diagnosis. Stygioides persephone can readily be distinguished from other Stygioides species by the following</p><p>features:</p><p>- in males of S. colchica colchica (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) (type locality Amasia), S. colchica dercetis (Grum- Grshimailo, 1900) (type locality Valle fl. Arnon (Wadi-el-Modshib, Moabia) [Wadi al Madjib River, Jordan]), S. nupponenorum Yakovlev &amp; Saldaitis, 2011 (type locality Turkey, Anatolia, 20 km W. Antalya), S. aethiops (Staudinger, 1887) (type locality Namangan; Margelan) and S. psyche (Grum-Grshimailo, 1893) (type locality desertis Kyzyl-kum dictis, ad puteum Sarbi-kuduk) the wings are semi-transparent (in S. persephone the wings are not transparent, densely covered with brown scales);</p><p>- in S. colchica the process on costal edge of valva is 2× larger than in S. persephone;</p><p>- in S. nupponenorum the phallus is curved in median ⅓, in S. persephone it is bent in the proximal third;</p><p>- in S. ivinskisi Saldaitis &amp; Yakovlev, 2007 (type locality Lebanon W., Tanourine env.) the fore wing is wide and short; border between sclerotized (proximal) and membranous (distal) parts is indistinct; in S. persephone this border is distinct;</p><p>- in S. psyche the phallus is straight and thick, in S. persephone it is thin and strongly bent in the proximal third;</p><p>- in S. aethiops the thorax and abdomen are covered with pale grey scales, in S. persephone with brown scales;</p><p>- in all other species of Stygioides the antennae comb processes of males are 1.5–3.0 × longer than the antennae rod diameter, in S. persephone they are shorter, equal to the antennae rod diameter.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/007687DFFFA3FFF2FF37FAE7B02F7E2E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Lingenhöle, Arthur;Friedrich, Egbert;Yakovlev, Roman V.	Lingenhöle, Arthur, Friedrich, Egbert, Yakovlev, Roman V. (2017): Description of male of the rarest European Carpenter-moth Stygioides persephone (Reisser, 1962) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae). Zootaxa 4363 (4): 597-600, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4363.4.14
