taxonID	type	description	language	source
053B8796FF88FF8D85E638F6FCF7837F.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: — Mangoldia australiana Lücking, Parnmen & Lumbsch. Thallus corticolous, continuous, in part endoperidermal; surface uneven, white; in section with indistinct, very thin, corticiform layer and irregular algal layer. Apothecia erumpent, angular to lirelliform; disc exposed, blackish brown to black, epruinose; thalline margin thin, white, fissured to lobulated; proper margin thin, prominent, black, in section very thin, prosoplectenchymatous, pale yellowish to brownish in outer parts; periphysoids absent. Hymenium not inspersed; paraphyses unbranched. Ascospores 4 – 8 per ascus, muriform, ellipsoid, with thickened, I + violet-blue septa and rounded lumina, colourless. Secondary chemistry: no substances detected by TLC.	en	Lücking, Robert, Parnmen, Sittiporn, Lumbsch, Thorsten (2012): Mangoldia, a new lichen genus in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales). Phytotaxa 69 (1): 1-5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.69.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.69.1.1
053B8796FF88FF8D85E638F6FCF7837F.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — This new genus is dedicated to Armin Mangold (Berlin) for his outstanding contribution to the knowledge of thelotremoid Graphidaceae in Australia. Notes: — The new genus superficially resembles species of Phaeographis, such as P. dendritica (Ach.) Müll. Arg. (Müller, 1882: 382) or P. lecanographa (Nyl.) Staiger (2002: 334), in having ascomata with an exposed, dark brown disc and thin, thalline, partially split apothecial margins. However, the ascospores are of the Graphis type, being hyaline and I + violet-blue. This situation is similar to that found in the recently described genus Halegrapha, which combines a Graphis - type morphology with a Phaeographis - type hymenium and ascospores (Lücking et al. 2011). DNA sequence data of the nuclear LSU rDNA support the distinction of the new genus as discussed elsewhere (Rivas Plata et al. 2012 b). There is a certain resemblance with species of Thalloloma Trevisan (1853: 13), which share the Graphis - type ascospores, but their ascomata are usually larger and pruinose, with the disc having a light to chocolatebrown or dark red color (Staiger 2002). One species of Thalloloma from Australia, T. atronitens (A. W. Archer) A. W. Archer (2005: 77) is, however, very similar to the new taxon in having a dark, non-pruinose disc and muriform ascospores, but its ascomata are lirelliform with distinct labia and entire thalline margins, and its ascospores are larger (Archer 2009). This species is congeneric with the type species of Mangoldia and hence the new combination, M. atronitens, is proposed below.	en	Lücking, Robert, Parnmen, Sittiporn, Lumbsch, Thorsten (2012): Mangoldia, a new lichen genus in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales). Phytotaxa 69 (1): 1-5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.69.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.69.1.1
053B8796FF8BFF8F85E63D09FBD08723.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — AUSTRALIA. New South Wales: Mungo Brush Camping Area, Myall Lakes National Park; A. Mangold 27 zB (holotype CANB!, isotype F!). Thallus corticolous, up to 2 cm diameter, 40 – 60 µm thick, continuous, in part endoperidermal; surface uneven, white; in section with indistinct, very thin, corticiform layer and irregular algal layer. Apothecia erumpent, angular to slightly elongate, 0.15 – 0.25 mm diam. or up to 0.5 mm long; disc exposed, blackish brown to black, epruinose; thalline margin thin, white, fissured to lobulated; proper margin thin, prominent, black, in section very thin, prosoplectenchymatous, 20 – 30 µm thick, pale yellowish to brownish in outer parts; periphysoids absent. Hymenium 100 – 120 µm high, not inspersed; paraphyses unbranched. Ascospores 4 – 8 per ascus, muriform with (5 –) 7 (– 9) transverse and 1 – 3 longitudinal septa per segment, 25 – 35 × 8 – 12 µm, ellipsoid, with thickened septa and rounded lumina, colourless, the septa I + violet-blue. Secondary chemistry: no substances detected by TLC.	en	Lücking, Robert, Parnmen, Sittiporn, Lumbsch, Thorsten (2012): Mangoldia, a new lichen genus in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales). Phytotaxa 69 (1): 1-5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.69.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.69.1.1
053B8796FF8BFF8F85E63D09FBD08723.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — So far the new species and genus is only known from the type locality in New South Wales (Australia). Notes: — Mangoldia australiana resembles a diminutive Phaeographis lecanographa due to its angular ascomata with split thalline margins, but can immediately be separated by the not inspersed hymenium and colorless, I + violet-blue ascospores of the Graphis type. Mangoldia atronitens (see below) has distinctly lirellate, longer ascomata with more or less entire margins and larger ascospores.	en	Lücking, Robert, Parnmen, Sittiporn, Lumbsch, Thorsten (2012): Mangoldia, a new lichen genus in the family Graphidaceae (Ascomycota: Ostropales). Phytotaxa 69 (1): 1-5, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.69.1.1, URL: http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.69.1.1
