identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FCF2FE5759ED.text	0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FCF2FE5759ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhinotini Hoffman 1977	<div><p>Tribe Rhinotini Hoffman, 1977</p><p>Diagnostic remarks. The newly described genus and the three species can be placed in the tribe Rhinotini based on the following characters shared with the genera Rhinotus Cook, 1896, Siphonoconus Attems, 1931, and Eumillipes Marek, 2021: Anterior gonopod with two podomeres on large sternite; posterior gonopod with three or more podomeres, the podomere IV being thin and elongated (compare Hoffman 1977, 1980). Also, the presence of feathery serrated setae on the sternite of the gonopods (Fig. 6H), as found in several species of the genera Rhinotus (see Carl 1926; Golovatch &amp; Korsos 1992; Wesener 2014) and Siphonoconus (see Attems 1931) places Theratta n. gen. in the tribe Rhinotini .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FCF2FE5759ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully;Wesener, Thomas;Moritz, Leif	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully, Wesener, Thomas, Moritz, Leif (2022): First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae). Zootaxa 5182 (5): 401-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.1
0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FE51FEA15E6E.text	0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FE51FEA15E6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Siphonotidae Cook 1895	<div><p>Family Siphonotidae Cook, 1895</p><p>Diagnostic remarks. The newly described genus and the three species can be placed in the family Siphonotidae on the basis of the following combination of characters: Male gonopores opening on a conical lobe on the coxae of leg pair 2; narrow, completely fused preanal ring; tarsal claw with paronychium (compare Hoffman 1977; Enghoff et al. 2015; Shear 2016). As discussed by Shear (2016) these characters are unknown or only insufficiently described for most species considered to be Siphonotidae, and therefore it has yet to be proven that these characters are diagnostic for the family.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FE51FEA15E6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully;Wesener, Thomas;Moritz, Leif	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully, Wesener, Thomas, Moritz, Leif (2022): First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae). Zootaxa 5182 (5): 401-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.1
0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FB46FC055A1D.text	0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FB46FC055A1D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Theratta Anilkumar & Wesener & Moritz 2022	<div><p>Genus Theratta n. gen. Anilkumar, Wesener &amp; Moritz</p><p>Type species: Theratta mannavan n. sp. Anilkumar, Wesener &amp; Moritz</p><p>Other species included: Theratta eravikulam n. sp. and Theratta shola n. sp.</p><p>Diagnosis. Habitus, size and coloration of Theratta species resemble those of the widespread introduced tramp species Rhinotus purpureus . Distinguished from the three other genera of the tribe Rhinotini by the bifurcation of the podomere II of anterior gonopod into a mesal process on the posterior side, with a furrow between the mesal process and the main part of the podomere II (Figs 5D–F); modification of the anterior side of anterior gonopod into a lamellar process (Fig. 6C); absence of conical elevations on the sternite of the posterior gonopod (Figs 6I, J), as found in the genera Rhinotus (see Wesener 2014) and Siphonoconus (see Attems 1931). Eyes consisting of a single pair of ommatidia (Fig. 3A); head with a pair of macrosetae anterior to the ommatidia (Figs 2B, 3A); tarsal claw with a thin paronychium extending beyond the claw, curved and bulged distally (Fig. 4F); tergites with groove-like striae; anterior margin of metazonites with a distinct row of striae (Fig. 4A); lateral margin of the pleurite covered with setae (Fig. 3H).</p><p>Etymology. Genus epithet, Theratta, noun, feminine. Millipedes are called ‘ Theratta ’ in Malayalam, the language spoken in the Indian province (Kerala) of the type species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A3287A5B908E81D6DC1FB46FC055A1D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully;Wesener, Thomas;Moritz, Leif	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully, Wesener, Thomas, Moritz, Leif (2022): First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae). Zootaxa 5182 (5): 401-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.1
0A3287A5B90BE8136DC1FF39FB4F5CF2.text	0A3287A5B90BE8136DC1FF39FB4F5CF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Theratta mannavan Anilkumar & Wesener & Moritz 2022	<div><p>Theratta mannavan n. sp. Anilkumar, Wesener &amp; Moritz</p><p>Figs 2–6</p><p>Diagnosis. Head pointed (Fig. 3A) rather than broad and slightly stout as in Theratta eravikulam n. sp. (Fig. 8A) and Theratta shola n. sp. (Fig. 10A). T. mannavan n. sp. shares with T. shola n. sp. the wave-like curve centrally on the posterior margin of the prozonites (Fig. 4A), while such a curve is absent in T. eravikulam n. sp. (Fig. 8E). Differs from T. eravikulam n. sp. and T. shola n. sp. by the absence of the line fold at the anterior region, separating the ganthochilarium from the rest of the head (Fig. 3F). T. mannavan n. sp. differs from T. eravikulam n. sp. by the mesal process and lamellar process of the anterior gonopod each being triangular distally (Fig. 5E), whereas these processes are rounder and broader in T. eravikulam n. sp. (Figs 9D, F). Posterior gonopod consisting of four podomeres (Fig. 6I), while it consists of six podomeres in T. eravikulam n. sp. (Fig. 9C) and T. shola n. sp. (Fig. 11F). T. mannavan n. sp. shows a genetic p-distance in the COI gene of 20.9 % to T. eravikulam n. sp. and 21. 7 % to T. shola n. sp. .</p><p>Etymology. The species epithet mannavan, noun in apposition, refers to the type locality of the species, the Mannavan Shola of Annamudi Shola National Park.</p><p>Materials examined. 1 M holotype (ZFMK-MYR 9482 B1), 1 F paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9482 C), 3 M paratypes (ZFMK-MYR 9482 B2, 9483A, 11393), 7 F paratypes (ZFMK-MYR 9483), 14 F paratypes (ZFMK-MYR 9482), 13 M paratypes (ZFMK-MYR 9482; 9482A, 9482A1, 9482A2, 9482A3, 9482B), India, Province Kerala, Idukki District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.1905&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.181806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.1905/lat 10.181806)">Munnar</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.1905&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.181806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.1905/lat 10.181806)">Annamudi Shola National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.1905&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.181806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.1905/lat 10.181806)">Mannavan Shola</a>, 10º10’54.5”N, 77º11’25.8”E, 2140 m, high altitude montane forest, hand collection, leg. A. A. Pooja, K. S. Nafin, P. P. Sudhin, 25 Mar 2019 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A3287A5B90BE8136DC1FF39FB4F5CF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully;Wesener, Thomas;Moritz, Leif	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully, Wesener, Thomas, Moritz, Leif (2022): First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae). Zootaxa 5182 (5): 401-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.1
0A3287A5B901E8146DC1FC58FC715AEE.text	0A3287A5B901E8146DC1FC58FC715AEE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Theratta eravikulam Anilkumar & Wesener & Moritz 2022	<div><p>Theratta eravikulam n. sp. Anilkumar, Wesener &amp; Moritz</p><p>Figs 7–9</p><p>Diagnosis. Dark purple in color (Figs 7A, B), while T. mannavan n. sp. (Fig. 2A) and T. shola n. sp. are light purple. More than 50 segments (Fig. 7A). T. eravikulam n. sp. differs from T. mannavan n. sp. by a stouter head (Fig. 8A). Ozopore on 5th body-ring with posterior spine-like projection and not elevated (Fig. 8F), while the spine-like projection is absent, elevated and thicker around in the other two species of Theratta (Figs 3G, 10F). Wave-like curve in the center of the posterior margin of the prozonites is absent in T. eravikulam n. sp. (Fig. 8E), while it is present in the other two species of Theratta (Figs 4A, 10E). Tergites are fully covered with deeper striae in T. eravikulam n. sp. (Fig. 8E), while the striae are less pronounced in T. mannavan n. sp. (Fig. 4A) and T. shola n. sp. (Fig. 10E), a unique character for the genus. Differs from T. mannavan n. sp. (Fig. 3B) and T. shola n. sp. (Fig. 10B) by the absence of striae at the anterior margin of antennomeres (Fig. 8A). Distal part of mesal process and lamellar process of podomere II of anterior gonopod rather roundish and broader than in T. mannavan n. sp. . Distal process of mesal process smaller and less lobular than in T. mannavan n. sp. . Podomere II of anterior gonopod with a remnant of a division posteriolaterally (Figs 9D–F). Posterior gonopod with six podomeres (Fig. 9C). T. eravikulam n. sp. shows a genetic p-distance in the COI gene of 25.3% to T. shola n. sp. .</p><p>Note. The anterior body-rings, including the head and posterior gonopod of the holotype were damaged. Therefore, some features are described using an immature male paratype. It is a common phenomenon that the number of antennomeres increase in Colobognathan and other millipedes (see David &amp; Couret 1983; Wong et al. 2020).</p><p>Etymology. Species epithet, eravikulam, noun in apposition, after the name of the type locality, the Eravikulam National Park.</p><p>Materials examined. 1 M holotype (ZFMK-MYR 9752 A), 1 F paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9752 C), 1 immature M paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9752 B), 1 immature F paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9752), India, Province Kerala, Idukki District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.04425&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.140083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.04425/lat 10.140083)">Munnar</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.04425&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.140083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.04425/lat 10.140083)">Eravikulam National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.04425&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.140083" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.04425/lat 10.140083)">Kadalar Shola</a>, 10º08’24.3”N, 77º02’39.3”E, 1703 m, high altitude montane forest, Winkler extraction, leg. A. A. Pooja, J. Jithin, 12 Dec 2019 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A3287A5B901E8146DC1FC58FC715AEE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully;Wesener, Thomas;Moritz, Leif	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully, Wesener, Thomas, Moritz, Leif (2022): First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae). Zootaxa 5182 (5): 401-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.1
0A3287A5B91DE80B6DC1FA64FD025C66.text	0A3287A5B91DE80B6DC1FA64FD025C66.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Theratta shola Anilkumar & Wesener & Moritz 2022	<div><p>Theratta shola n. sp. Anilkumar, Wesener &amp; Moritz</p><p>Figs 10, 11</p><p>Diagnosis. In T. shola n. sp. the head is smaller, broader and stouter (Fig. 10A) than in T. mannavan n. sp., where it is long and pointed. Ozopore of the 5th body-ring is thicker, elevated and located slightly under the preceding metazonite (Fig. 10F), while the ozopores are not elevated in T. eravikulam n. sp., and not under the preceding metazonite in any other species of Theratta . All antennomeres with a row of striae on their anterior margin (Figs 10A, B), while they are present only on antennomeres 6 and 7 in T. mannavan n. sp. and completely absent in T. eravikulam n. sp. . T. shola n. sp. differs from T. mannavan n. sp. and T. eravikulam n. sp. by the presence of a thick line fold at the anterior region of the head, separating the labrum from the rest of the head (Fig. 10C). Prozonites devoid of striations in T. shola n. sp. (Fig. 10E) while they are present in T. mannavan n. sp. and T. eravikulam n. sp. . T. shola n. sp. legs slender (Fig. 10G) than in T. mannavan n. sp. and T. eravikulam n. sp. (Fig. 8H). Sternite of anterior gonopod folded centrally on anterior side. Posterior gonopods with six podomeres. Podomere VI with three spine-like processes (Fig. 11E).</p><p>Etymology. Species epithet, shola, noun in apposition, after the name of the vegetation type at the type locality, the Shola forest.</p><p>Material examined. 1 immature M holotype (ZFMK-MYR 9767 A), 1 F paratype (ZFMK-MYR 9767), India, Province Kerala, Idukki District, Munnar, Eravikulam National Park, Erechipetta shola, Waterfalls, 10º10’28.0”N, 77º05’20.1”E, 1929 m, high altitude montane forest, hand collection, leg. A. A. Pooja, J. Jithin, 13 Dec 2019.</p><p>Note. The holotype is an immature male.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A3287A5B91DE80B6DC1FA64FD025C66	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully;Wesener, Thomas;Moritz, Leif	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully, Wesener, Thomas, Moritz, Leif (2022): First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae). Zootaxa 5182 (5): 401-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.1
0A3287A5B919E80C6DC1FEE4FE455F8B.text	0A3287A5B919E80C6DC1FEE4FE455F8B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Siphonotidae Cook 1895	<div><p>Other Siphonotidae spp. from India.</p><p>Material examined. 1 F (ZFMK-MYR 9495) <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.25747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.1265" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.25747/lat 10.1265)">Pambadum Shola National Park</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.25747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.1265" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.25747/lat 10.1265)">Munnar</a>, Idukki District, Province Kerala, India, 10º07’35.4”N, 77º15’26.9”E, 1914 m, high altitude montane forest, hand collection, leg. A. A. Pooja, K. S. Nafin, P. P. Sudhin, 26 Mar 2019 ; 1 F (ZFMK-MYR 9517), India, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.1905&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.181806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.1905/lat 10.181806)">Province</a> Kerala, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.1905&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.181806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.1905/lat 10.181806)">Idukki District</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=77.1905&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=10.181806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 77.1905/lat 10.181806)">Munnar</a>, Annamudi Shola National Park, Mannavan Shola, 10º10’54.5” N, 77º11’25.8”E, 2140 m, high altitude montane forest, hand collection, leg. A. A. Pooja, K. S. Nafin, K. Ullas, 19 Nov 2019 .</p><p>Remarks. The studied material can be placed in the family Siphonotidae on the basis of the following characters: Modification on the coxae of leg pair 2; narrow, completely fused preanal ring; tarsal claw with paronychium (compare Hoffman 1977; Enghoff et al. 2015; Shear 2016). Because the material consists of female specimens, which lack sufficient gonopod characters, and no genetic data are available, we refrain from describing these specimens as a new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0A3287A5B919E80C6DC1FEE4FE455F8B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully;Wesener, Thomas;Moritz, Leif	Anilkumar, Pooja Avinipully, Wesener, Thomas, Moritz, Leif (2022): First record of the order Polyzoniida from the Indian subcontinent with an integrative description of a new genus (Diplopoda, Colobognatha, Siphonotidae). Zootaxa 5182 (5): 401-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.5.1
