taxonID	type	description	language	source
081B87C6FFCB4C026EAE58ECFB6904EC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella resemble those of other related Freyina genera, such as: Aphirape C. L. Kock, 1850 by having a hook-shaped RTA retro-dorsally (see Galiano 1981 b: 6, figs 21, 23); Sumampattus Galiano, 1983 by the presence of endites with distal projections (see Galiano 1970: fig. 15; Galiano 1981 a: figs 1 – 2, 9; Galiano 1983: fig. 8), tegular membranous process (Figs 2 D – 2 F) and pars pendula (see Galiano 1983: figs 6 – 7; Fig. 4 F); Hisukattus Galiano, 1987 and Akela Peckham & Peckham, 1896 by having proximal retrolateral lobe on the tegulum (see Galiano 1999: fig. 2 E). Females of Tullgrenella resemble those of other freyines, such as: Aphirape and Sumampattus by the window in ventral epigyne and the presence of posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 3 C – D, 3 F); Hisukattus and Akela by the copulatory ducts in concentric loops (Figs 3 E – F). However, the genus Tullgrenella can be distinguished from the aforementioned genera by males having a cradle-shaped conductor (Figs 2 F, 4 A – F) and a tegular membranous process upside to the embolar base (Figs 4 A, 4 F, 8 C), and females having the window on the ventral epigyne (Figs 5 A – D) and monoplanar concentric copulatory ducts (Figs 7 A – Q).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFCB4C026EAE58ECFB6904EC.taxon	description	Description. Length 4.0 – 9.0 mm. Dark, reddish – brown salticids (Figs 1 A – F, 20 A – H, 32 A – F, 45 A – F). Carapace reddish-brown, cephalic region smooth and dark, thoracic region with slope and two perpendicular bands of white setae to each other on thoracic slope (Figs 8 A, 9 A). Anterior half of thoracic region at the same level as cephalic region. Chelicerae robust and vertical in both sexes (not dimorphic), promargin with two teeth (proximal reduced), and retromargin with one tooth (Figs 44 A – B). Legs brown and yellow, with brown spots on distal portion and tarsus always lighter than other articles of legs. Legs formula: 4312 / 4132 in both sexes. Tarsal claws small, with five inferior teeth, not surpassing subungueal sulci (Figs 44 C – D), and the distal one larger in females. Claw tufts poorly developed (Figs 44 C – D, see arrow). Abdomen: dark or brownish – yellow, with white spots on dorsal posterior abdomen (Figs 8 A, 10 A, 13 A – F, 20 A – H, 23 A, 32 A – F, 33 A); venter usually with a median longitudinal brown stripe of irregular contours (Figs 8 B – 17 B); sides with white longitudinal band at tip of anterior abdomen. Coloration of spinnerets as in legs. Male palp: femur macrosetae d 1 – 1 – 1. Femur with ventral projection (Figs 43 C – D, see arrow). Tibia with modest RTA with ventral sinuose or acute prong (Figs 8 D, 23 D) and usually incipient hook-like projection between the RTA and prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis (Figs 8 D, 10 D, 14 D, see red arrow). Usually with a small prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis (Figs 8 D, 14 D). Cymbium apex suboval or sickle-shaped (Figs 4 A – F). Tegulum oblique in relation to cymbium apex and central depression (Figs 14 C, 21 C, 25 C, 29 C, 33 C, 40 C, 48 C, see red arrow) with inverted U-shaped spermophore visible (Figs 8 C, 10 C, 12 C, 23 C, 33 C, 40 C, 46 C, 48 C); tegular distal portion with developed proximal retrolateral lobe of tegulum (Figs 8 C, 10 C, 12 C, 14 C). Tegulum with two projections: membranous process of tegulum (globose or elongated) upside to embolar base (Figs 6 A, 6 C, 8 C, 10 C, 38 C, 46 C, 48 C, see purple arrow) and one conductor (Figs 2 F, 4 A – F, 6 A, 6 C, 8 C, 10 C, 21 C, 23 C, 27 C, 33 C, 38 C, 46 C, 48 C). Embolar base projecting dorso-prolaterally (Figs 6 C, 6 F, 6 I). Embolus sclerotized and slender, embolus way starting at 8 – 9 o’ clock (left palp; Figs 4 A – F, 6 A – I, 8 C, 21 C, 27 C, 33 C, 46 C). Epigynum: epigynal plate with well-developed posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 5 A – D, 7 A – Q) and usually with a window circling around the copulatory opening, where the membranous copulatory ducts below could inflate during the movement of copulation (Figs 5 A – C, 7 A – Q). Copulatory opening median-posteriorly located, sometimes forming a septum or semi-septum, normally facing up (Figs 5 A – C, 9 C, 11 C, 15 C, 47 C, 49 C). In dorsal view, the spiral copulatory ducts with one, two, or three loops, and usually dorso-posteriorly situated from spermathecae (Figs 7 A – Q). Spermathecae circular to ovoid, with the base of the fertilization ducts placed above the spermathecae at the median-posterior region of the epigynum (Figs 7 A – Q). Note. Species of Tullgrenella (Figs 1 A – F, 20 A – H, 32 A – F, 45 A – F) have bright colors, as well as a slightly elongated body, as in most genera of the subtribe e. g., Phiale C. L. Koch, 1846, Aphirape, Sumampattus, Akela and Hisukattus. These features suggest possible mimetic relationships with other aposematically colored arthropods (Edwards 2015).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFCB4C026EAE58ECFB6904EC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia, Chile, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Argentina (Figs 50 – 54). Natural history. Most individuals were collected on outcrops. Their habitat can be considered the soil or epigeous shrubs that occur in southern South America (grasslands and rocks), such as Chacoan subregion (Brazil, Uruguay, and Argentina), Brazilian subregion (Northern Brazil), and Andean region (Chile). Few individuals were recorded in the South American Transition Zone (Figs 50 – 54). The altitudinal occurrence of these species varies from 4 to 4776 m a. s. l. (Figs 50 – 54). Species groups. Based on the morphological variation of genital structures (palp and epigynum), as well as the geographic regionalization and altitudinal occurrence, we propose five species groups for the genus Tullgrenella: morenensis group (with six species, including the type species); quadripunctata group (three species); melanica group (two species); serrana group (six species, included four new species) and peniaflorensis group (two species). Putative synapomorphies of genital structures for each species group are suggested below.	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC94C0E6EAE5E8BFCAB0458.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species group can be distinguished by the following putative synapomorphies: male palp with the globose membranous process of tegulum, that is higher than the embolar base, projecting dorso-prolaterally (Figs 2 F, 4 A, 6 A – C, 8 C, 10 C, 12 C, 14 C, 16 C, see purple arrow); embolus of left palp originating from 8 o’clock, the pars pendula usually accompanying at the middle part of embolus, and the cradle-shaped conductor (Figs 2 F, 4 A, 6 A – C, 8 C, 10 C, 12 C, 14 C, 16 C); females with the monoplanar spiral on a flat epigynum (Figs 5 A, 7 A – E), and the copulatory ducts in double-looped spirals (Figs 5 A, 7 A – E, 9 C – D, 11 C – D, 13 C – D, 15 C – D, 17 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC94C0E6EAE5E8BFCAB0458.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia (Colomí, La Paz, and Cochabamba), Uruguay (Cerro Largo and Maldonado), Brazil (Pará, São Paulo, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul), and Argentina (Buenos Aires, Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Catamarca, Córdoba, and Chubut) (Fig. 50).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC94C0E6EAE5E8BFCAB0458.taxon	discussion	Natural history. Spiders in this species group can be considered shrubs and soil / grassland habitat. Galiano (1981) observed that individuals of T. guayapae were collected in shrubs, or undergrowth, close to the ground, where they were taking refuge in broad daylight in Argentina. Tullgrenella guayapae were found associated with rocks and collected manually in a fragment of mountains, and other individuals were collected with a beating tray followed by manual collection. Some individuals of T. guayapae were collected with a trawl in scrub close to a rice plantation in southern Brazil, i. e., it was not associated with agriculture, but with grasslands. In the same group, T. brescoviti was collected in the Puna grassland ecoregion, more than 3600 m a. s. l. The Puna is characterized by a biome of montane grasslands and shrublands; it is found in the central Andes Mountains of South America (Estol et al. 2020). According to the regionalization and geographic aspects in which they occur, and when comparing the diagnoses of morphological characteristics of genitalia, it is possible to note that this species group has differentiation between stratum types. According to Morrone (2014), biogeographic regionalization is based on the identification of endemic or characteristic taxa, constituting natural biotic hierarchies that synthesize the evolutionary / ecological history of the areas. Another observation is that the species T. morenensis and T. guayapae occur sympatrically in the Chacoan – Brazilian subregions and South America Transitional Zone (Fig. 50). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species group is 7 – 4012 m a. s. l. (Fig. 50).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC54C0A6EAE5ED3FD6F0660.taxon	description	Figs 2 F, 3 F, 7 A, 8 A – D, 9 A – D, 50 A – C Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: EE 30 BF 25 - 2453 - 4 E 35 - A 05 D- 82888438 A 633	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC54C0A6EAE5ED3FD6F0660.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella morenensis differ from those of T. brescoviti Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 by the depression on the tegulum (Fig. 8 C, see red arrow), and from those of T. guayapae Galiano, 1970 by the rotation of the large cradle-shaped conductor (Figs 8 C vs 10 C). Females of T. morenensis resemble those of the morenensis group by the monoplanar spiral on a flat epigynum and the copulatory ducts in double or triple-looped spirals (Figs 7 A, 9 C – D), but differ from those of T. guayapae by the copulatory ducts without depression on the first lap and tree loops (Fig. 7 B), and from those of T. brescoviti by the rounded posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 7 A – C, 9 C – D vs 13 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC54C0A6EAE5ED3FD6F0660.taxon	description	Redescription. Male (MACN-Ar 42165). Total length 5.05. Carapace length 2.33; width 1.86; height 1.16. Cephalic region length 1.20; thoracic region length 1.08. Ocular area length 0.87; Anterior eyes row 1.44 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.38 wide; Distance ALE – PME 0.25; PME – PLE 0.23. Ocular diameter AME 0.38; ALE 0.15; PME 0.15; PLE 0.14. Clypeus height 0.15. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.70; 0.39 wide; Fang 0.37 length. Endites length 0.39; 0.36 wide. Labium length 0.27; 0.27 wide. Sternum length 1.07; 0.78 wide. Abdomen length 2.43; 1.60 wide, height 1.30. Legs, femur length I: 1.29; II: 1.12; III: 1.51; IV: 1.66; patella I: 0.87; II: 0.76; III: 0.62; IV: 0.76; tibia I: 0.95; II: 0.73; III: 0.73; IV: 1.12; metatarsus I: 0.62; II: 0.41; III: 0.83; IV: 1.05; tarsus I: 0.46; II: 0.30; III: 0.52; IV: 0.51. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length of femur 0.94, patella 0.27, tibia 0.31, cymbium 0.82. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 2 di; III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 0 – 1 – 2 di, r 2 di; IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 2 di. Patella I – II: p 1 di; III – IV: p 1, r 1. Tibia I – II: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 subdistal; III: d 1 di, v 0 – 2 – 2, p 4 di, r 4 di; IV: d 1 di, v 0 – 2 – 2, p 4 di, r 4 di. Metatarsus I: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 2 di; II: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 2 di; III: v 0 – 2 – 2, pI – 2, r 1 – 2; IV: v 0 – 2 – 2, pI – I – 2, rI – 1 – 2. Palp macrosetae, femur: d 1 – 1 – 1. Carapace: chelicerae, as in genus (Figs 8 A – B). Endites black as chelicerae, with protruding external angles lighter and serrated. Labium black, wider than long. Sternum slightly narrower than the base of labium, oval, black (Fig. 8 B). Legs brown. Abdomen as in genus, white spots on dorsal posterior abdomen (Fig. 8 A, see red arrow). Palp, femur brown, with reduced ventral basal protuberance. Tibia with retrolateral apophysis sclerotized, acute, not exceeding the ventral tegulum (Fig. 8 C). Hook-shaped projection between RTA and prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis (Fig. 8 D, see red arrow). Dorsal portion of the tibia well-developed with rounded prolatero-dorsal tibial apophysis (Fig. 8 D). Distal cymbium with retrolateral curvature, brown (Fig. 8 C). Tegulum with central depression in the middle, with groove (Fig. 8 C, see red arrow). Embolar base projected dorso-prolaterally, tegular process globose and membranous (Fig. 8 C, see purple arrow). Embolus thin, sclerotized and slightly curved, not exceeding the cymbium apex (Fig. 8 C). Projections accompanying the embolus, pars pendula about half of embolus length, large conductor about half of embolus length, cradle-shaped, dorsal and prolateral to spermophore (Fig. 8 C). Female (MCN 19940). Total length 7.60. Carapace length 2.95; width 2.14; height 1.26. Cephalic region length 1.53; thoracic region length 1.4. Ocular area length 1.47; Anterior eyes row 1.66 wide; posterior eyes row 1.78 wide. Distance ALE – PME 0.42; PME – PLE 0.39. Ocular diameter AME 0.51; ALE 0.20; PME 0.06; PLE 0.21. Clypeus height 0.17. Chelicerae, paturon length 1.04; 0.57 wide; fang length 0.52. Endites length 0.77; 0.44 wide. Labium length 0.52, 0.48 wide. Sternum length 1.22, 0.85 wide. Abdomen length 3.12; 1.74 wide; height 1.69. Length femur I: 1.56; II: 1.3; III: 1.56; IV: 2.08. Patella I: 1.04; II: 1.04; III: 0.88; IV: 0.83. Tibia I: 1.04; II: 0.78; III: 1.04; IV: 1.35. Metatarsus I: 0.83; II: 0.88; III: 1.04; IV: 1.56. Tarsus I: 0.46; II: 0.52; III: 0.62; IV: 0.62. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length femur: 0.73; patella: 0.35; tibia: 0.42; tarsus: 0.63. Legs macrosetae: femur I: d 1 – 1 – 1. p 1 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 0 – 1 – 2 di, r 1 di; IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 di, r 1 di. Patella I – II: 0; III – IV: p 1, r 1. Tibia I: v 1 p – 2 – 2, p 1 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; III: v 0 – 1 – 2 di, p 1 – 1 – 1 didi, r 1 – 1 – 1 distal; IV: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1 di, r 1 – 1 – 1 di. Metatarsus I – II: v 0 – 2 – 2; III: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 2 dil r 2 di, d 2 di; IV: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 2 di, r 0 – 1 – 2 di. Carapace, chelicerae and endites as in genus. Sternum slightly narrower than base of labium, oval, brown (Fig. 9 B). Legs lighter brown and yellow. Palp yellow with dark spots on dorsum of sclerites. Abdomen: dorsum lighter brown, with yellow spots medially, and white spots near posterior abdomen (Fig. 9 A, see red arrow), venter and sides as in genus (Figs 9 A – B). Spinnerets: coloration as abdomen’s dorsum (Figs 9 A – B). Epigynum: copulatory opening into a fillet, forming a median septum with window (Fig. 9 C). Copulatory ducts in monoplane spirals, with two turns (Figs 7 A, 9 D). The first turn large and with depression (Figs 7 A, 9 D) in the medial part, and the second turn with one loop, becoming slenderer and shorter, and uniting dorsally and anteriorly in the spermathecae (Figs 7 A, 9 D). Spermathecae ovoid, globose, fertilization ducts inserted on anterior / dorsal surface, close together, extending anteriorly to the sides (Figs 7 A, 9 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC54C0A6EAE5ED3FD6F0660.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. BOLIVIA. Colomi, Cochabamba [17 ° 20 ’ 48.6 ” S 66 ° 08 ’ 55.3 ” W], 21. I. 1982, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42168). URUGUAY, Cerro Largo, Sierra de Ríos, Pedregal [32 ° 10 ’ 7.00 ” S 53 ° 51 ’ 25.00 ” W], 13 – 16. IV. 2017, Grupo PAIE leg., manual collection, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9057). ARGENTINA. Jujuy, Tilcara [23 ° 34 ’ 36.8 ” S 65 ° 23 ’ 36.2 ” W], I. 1981, P. Goloboff leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42238); Salta, El Alisal [24 ° 51 ’ 01.4 ” S 65 ° 40 ’ 59.9 ” W], 23. I. 1981, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ 7 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42173); ditto, 26. I. 1981, A. Roig leg., 2 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42228); ditto, 26. I. 1981, E. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42246); Iruya [22 ° 47 ’ 29.1 ” S 65 ° 12 ’ 57.8 ” W], 26. XI. 1981, A. Roig leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42169); Las Pailas [25 ° 01 ’ 51.5 ” S 66 ° 14 ’ 05.0 ” W], 29. I. 1981, E. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42244); Tucumán, Tafí del Valle [26 ° 51 ’ 06.0 ” S 65 ° 42 ’ 35.2 ” W], 11. I. 1985, P. Goloboff leg., 3 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42166); Parque Los Menhires [26 ° 56 ’ 23.3 ” S 65 ° 42 ’ 37.9 ” W], 04. II. 1990, A. D. Brescovit & A. B. Bonaldo leg., 1 ♀ (MCN 19940); Santiago del Estero, Ojo de agua [27 ° 47 ’ 01.3 ” S 64 ° 15 ’ 51.3 ” W], 02. IV. 1995, M. E. Galiano, 1 ♀ (MACNAr 42159); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42171); ditto, IV. 1985, M. E. Galiano leg., 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42227); Catamarca, Singuil [28 ° 28 ’ 09.9 ” S 65 ° 46 ’ 45.5 ” W], 1953, W. Partridge leg., 1 ♂ 8 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42165); Mutquín [28 ° 18 ’ 55.0 ” S 66 ° 08 ’ 58.4 ” W], 02. II. 1981, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42167). La Pampa [37 ° 52 ’ 03.2 ” S 65 ° 04 ’ 24.4 ” W], 06 – 07. XI. 1975, E. Maury & Toth leg., 5 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42162); Lihuel Calel [38 ° 00 ’ 51.8 ” S 65 ° 35 ’ 04.1 ” W], 11. X. 2014, A. D. Brescovit, A. J. Santos, L. N. Piacentini & I. L. F. Magalhães leg., collected manually under rocks, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 34721); Córdoba, Villa María [32 ° 24 ’ 37.9 ” S 63 ° 14 ’ 39.7 ” W], IV. 1985, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42160); Cuchilla Nevada [31 ° 24 ’ 53.2 ” S 64 ° 31 ’ 48.1 ” W], 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42164); Chubut, Puerto Lobos [43 ° 08 ’ 43.6 ” S 65 ° 31 ’ 09.4 ” W], 25. I. 1975, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42163); Bahía Melo, Camarones [44 ° 47 ’ 56.4 ” S 65 ° 42 ’ 40.7 ” W], 22 – 30. I. 1977, E. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42239).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC54C0A6EAE5ED3FD6F0660.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia (Colomi), Uruguay (Cerro Largo) and Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Santiago del Estero, Catamarca, Córdoba, Chubut and La Pampa) (Figs 50 A – B). Natural history. Some individuals from Argentina and Uruguay were associated with rocks and collected manually in a fragment of mountains and grasslands (Ivan Magalhães & Damián Hagopián, pers. comm.). However, the occurrence of this species goes from the Chacoan and Brazilian subregions to the South American Transitional Zone, with a few records southward in the Andean subregion (Figs 50 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 30 – 3662 m a. s. l. (Fig. 50).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC14C166EAE5EFFFDC20421.taxon	description	Figs 7 B, 10 A – D, 11 A – D, 18 A – D, 19 A – D, 31 C – D, 50 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 07 E 01 AB- 1 F 54 - 46 B 4 - 95 B 4 - 2 E 47091 FF 014	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC14C166EAE5EFFFDC20421.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella guayapae resemble those of T. morenensis by the tegular process globose, higher than the embolar base, the embolus path exceeding the cymbium apex, and the cradle-shaped conductor (Figs 8 C, 10 C), but differ from those by the inclination of tegulum and central straight-marked depression (Fig. 10 C, see red arrow). Females of T. guayapae resemble those of T. morenensis by the copulatory ducts with two loops and the spermathecae close together but can be recognized by the compressed and larger second loop of the copulatory ducts (Figs 7 B, 11 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC14C166EAE5EFFFDC20421.taxon	description	Description. See Estol et al. (2020: 358). We add the following complementary data: Male abdomen: epiandrous region with a pair of conspicuous tufts of spigots, bearing at least clustered long spigots (Figs 31 C – D). Spinnerets (Figs 18 A – D) examined only in females: spigots, in general, in reduced number in all spinnerets. ALS with two piriform spigots, a single elongate minor ampullate spigot (mAP) at distal portion (Fig. 18 B), right behind a large tartipore. PLS with single piriform spigot, one proximal prolateral mAp, and single lateral aciniform spigot (Figs 18 C – D). Tarsal organ (Figs 19 A – D) examined in female: tarsal organ (Figs 19 A – D) on dorsal tarsus of legs dropshape (Figs 19 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC14C166EAE5EFFFDC20421.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, São Borja, Reserva Biológica São Donato [29 ° 02 ’ 39.4 ” S 56 ° 02 ’ 33.5 ” W], 20. I. – 03. II. 2012, M. Machado leg., collected with pitfall trap, 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (MCTP 34566); ditto, 1 ♀ (MCTP 34578); ditto, 11 – 25. X. 2012, M. Machado leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MCTP 36966); ditto, 15. III. 2013, 1 ♀ (MCTP 36757); São Gabriel, [30 ° 20 ’ 06.1 ” S 54 ° 19 ’ 13.3 ” W], 29. X. 01 – XI. 2014, R. Teixeira leg., collected with D – Vac, 1 ♀ (MCN 55513); Quaraí, [30 ° 22 ’ 50.8 ” S 56 ° 26 ’ 53.9 ” W], 14 – 17. XI. 2014, R. Teixeira leg., colleting with D – Vac, 1 ♀ (MCN 55520); Estancia São Roberto [30 ° 23 ’ 00.0 ” S 56 ° 26 ’ 00.0 ” W], 24 – 28. V. 1991, A. D. Brescovit leg., 2 ♂ 3 ♀ (MCN 21128); Cachoeirinha, Estação Experimental do Arroz, IRGA [29 ° 56 ’ 00.0 ” S 51 ° 06 ’ 00.0 ” W], 16. V. 2005, E. N. L. Rodrigues leg., collected with sweeping net in rice fields, 1 ♂ (MCN 40517); Porto Alegre [30 ° 02 ’ 11.4 ” S 51 ° 12 ’ 45.1 ” W], 01. II. 1963, J. Pacini leg., 2 ♀ (MCN 1203). URUGUAY, Maldonado, Sierra de Las Ánimas [34 ° 42 ’ 0.16 ” S 55 ° 18 ’ 59.55 ” W], 05. II. 1956, B. Ximenez leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 4726); Rivera, Mi Lucha [31 ° 25 ’ 03.7 ” S 55 ° 16 ’ 05.3 ” W], 12. II. 2019, G. Pompozzi leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 11243); 31 ° 26 ’ 13.6 ” S 55 ° 16 ’ 15.4 ” W], 12. II. 2020, G. Pompozzi leg., collected in a natural grassland, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 11240); ditto, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 11530); Río Negro, Arerunguá, Estancia Los Venados [32 ° 31 ’ 01.1 ” S 58 ° 02 ’ 19.6 ” W], 27. I. 2021, A. Mailhos leg., collected in Selaginella sellowii, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 11212); Canelones, Toledo, José Antonio Verdún 22 [34 ° 44 ’ 28.9 ” S 56 ° 05 ’ 24.8 ” W], 02. X. 2018, R. Lauria leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 12132); Tacuarembó, Laureles [31 ° 21 ’ 42.9 ” S 55 ° 59 ’ 04.0 ” W], 02. XII. 2019, A. Mailhos leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 12122). ARGENTINA, Jujuy, Tilcara [23 ° 34 ’ 36.8 ” S 65 ° 23 ’ 36.2 ” W], 16. I. 1985, P. Goloboff leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42170); La Rioja, El Abra, Sierra de Ulapes [31 ° 45 ’ 00.7 ” S 66 ° 15 ’ 01.0 ” W], 14. XI. 1982, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42158); Río Negro, Río Colorado [38 ° 59 ’ 43.2 ” S 64 ° 05 ’ 46.3 ” W], 20. I. 1977, Fritz leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42223); La Japonesa [40 ° 44 ’ 07.7 ” S 66 ° 38 ’ 06.2 ” W], XI. 1962, Bachmann leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42233).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFC14C166EAE5EFFFDC20421.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay (Maldonado, Rivera, Río Negro and Canelones) and Argentina (Jujuy, La Rioja, and Río Negro) (Figs 50 A – B). Natural history. Some individuals were collected with D-Vac, pitfall trap, and sweeping net in grassland in Southern Brazil (Estol et al. 2020), and some species were found associated with Selaginella sellowii Hieron, 1900 (Selaginellaceae, Lycopodiophyta) in Uruguay. One female was found with a mantispid larva attached to its pedicel, which has previously been recorded for another species of this genus (Hagopián & Laborda 2020). The habitat of this species can be considered shrubs and soil / grasslands. It is more restricted to the Chacoan subregion and one record in the South American Transitional Zone (Figs 50 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 13 – 2476 m a. s. l. (Figs 50 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDC4C176EAE5917FF1904B4.taxon	description	Figs 7 C, 12 A – D, 13 A – D, 50 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 23078422 - C 889 - 4673 - AF 96 - A 79 A 07 E 39 BB 8	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDC4C176EAE5917FF1904B4.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Males of T. brescoviti resemble those of T. guayapae Galiano, 1970 (see Galiano 1970: figs 10 – 13) and T. morenensis (Tullgren, 1905) (see Galiano 1970: figs 1 – 2) by the tegular membranous process globose, and the cymbium pointed and sickle-shaped (Figs 8 C, 10 C, 12 C), but differ from T. guayapae by the larger conductor, distal embolus not exceeding the length of the cymbium apex (Figs 12 C – D vs 10 C – D), and from T. morenensis by the tegulum oblique and the acute RTA (Figs 12 C – D vs 8 C – D). Females of T. brescoviti resemble those of T. didelphis (Simon, 1886) (see Galiano 1963: fig. 11; Galiano 1970: fig. 58) and T. morenensis (see Galiano 1970: fig. 57) by the long copulatory ducts with the first loop oval, and the presence of posteriorly opening coupling pocket, but differ from both species by the smaller spermathecae, distant from each other (Estol et al. 2020).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDC4C176EAE5917FF1904B4.taxon	description	Description. See Estol et al. (2020) (Figs 12 – 13).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDC4C176EAE5917FF1904B4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia [La Paz (Estol et al. 2020)] (Figs 50 A – B). Natural history. The species was collected in the Puna grassland ecoregion. Puna is characterized by a biome of montane grasslands and shrublands in the central Andes Mountains of South America (Estol et al. 2020). This species is recorded in sympatry with T. didelphis (Simon, 1886) in the Brazilian subregion and South America Transitional Zone (Figs 50 A – B). The altitudinal occurrence of this species is 3600 m a. s. l. (Estol et al. 2020) (Figs 50 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C106EAE58ECFB5F0674.taxon	description	Figs 50 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 691827 BC-FAA 8 - 4749 - AC 99 - B 8 C 75 F 3 EE 3 CC	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C106EAE58ECFB5F0674.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Females of Tullgrenella didelphis (Simon, 1886) are very similar to those of T. brescoviti Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 in the epigynum with monoplanar spirals of copulatory ducts, but differ from those by the elongate tubular posteriorly-opening coupling pocket and the epigynum longer than wide (see Galiano 1970: fig. 11, l. XXXI). Male unknown.	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C106EAE58ECFB5F0674.taxon	description	Description. See Galiano (1963, 1970). Note. This is species where specimens do not presently exist in Latin America institutions. It was not possible to examine, loan or photograph the type material due to the COVID- 19 pandemic. However, the taxonomic review by Galiano (1970) provided illustrations and descriptions of this species, which are sufficient to understand the species and compare it with others of the same group.	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C106EAE58ECFB5F0674.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia [Cochabamba (Galiano 1970)] (Figs 50 A – B). Natural history. The altitudinal occurrence of this species is 2552 m a. s. l. (Figs 50 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C116EAE5BE2FBCD0490.taxon	description	Figs 1 D – F, 4 A, 5 A, 6 A – C, 7 D, 14 A – D, 15 A – D, 44 B, 50 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: A 02643 CE- 9426 - 4 B 8 B-A 521 - 8355 F 3 FF 62 AD	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C116EAE5BE2FBCD0490.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella musica are similar to those of T. morenensis by the embolar projections (pars pendula and conductor) (Figs 4 A, 6 A – C, 14 C – D), but can be distinguished by the dimension of conductor (Figs 4 A, 6 A, 8 C, 14 C) and the slender pars pendula (Fig. 14 C). Females of T. musica resemble those of T. morenensis by the monoplanar spiral copulatory ducts, the window separated by septum (Fig. 5 A), and by the posterior circular spermathecae (Figs 7 D vs 7 A), but can be distinguished by the enlarged copulatory ducts with a lap in dorsalmedian region (Figs 7 D vs 7 A, 15 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C116EAE5BE2FBCD0490.taxon	description	Description. See Galiano (1970). We add the following complementary data: palp expanded (Figs 6 A – C), bulb with a 90 º turn, pars pendula visible (Figs 6 A – C), and conductor accompanying embolus when basal haematodocha expanded (Figs 6 A – C). Basal haematodocha well-developed when expanded (Figs 6 A – C).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C116EAE5BE2FBCD0490.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. BRAZIL, São Paulo, São José do Rio Preto [20 ° 48 ’ 45.4 ” S 49 ° 22 ’ 34.7 ” W], III. 2002, G. Ruiz leg., 1 ♂ (MZSP 72273); Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Parque Municipal das Nascentes do Ribeirão Garcia [27 ° 03 ’ 18.2 ” S 49 ° 05 ’ 08.3 ” W], V. 2004 – II. 2005, R. Francisco leg., 1 ♂ (IBSP 118229); ditto, 1 ♂ (MCTP 118230). Rio Grande do Sul, São Borja, Reserva Ecológica de São Donato [28 ° 39 ’ 22.0 ” S 56 ° 00 ’ 53.2 ” W], 15. III. 2013, M. Machado leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 37680); ditto, 1 ♀ (MCTP 36764); São Gabriel [30 ° 20 ’ 04.5 ” S 54 ° 19 ’ 17.9 ” W], 29. X. 01 – XI. 2014, R. Teixeira leg., 1 ♀ (MCN 55519); Cidreira [30 ° 07 ’ 55.2 ” S 50 ° 20 ’ 38.7 ” W], 17. II. 2000, J. Pinto leg., 1 ♂ (MCTP 37446); São Francisco de Paula, Potreiro Velho [29 ° 28 ’ 50.7 ” S 50 ° 10 ’ 28.0 ” W], 01. XII. 1993, J. Ketterl leg., 1 ♂ (MCTP 15433); 12. I. 1997, A. A. Lise leg., 1 ♂ (MCTP 10895); Santana do Livramento, Fazenda Estância, Açude [30 ° 53 ’ 17.5 ” S 55 ° 31 ’ 35.7 ” W], 23. II. 2006, G. O. Silva leg., 1 ♂ (MCN 53371); ditto, 1 ♂ (MCN 53370); APA do Ibirapuitã [30 ° 26 ’ 50.2 ” S 55 ° 38 ’ 49.8 ” W], 14. XI. 2011, Equipe PELD / MCN leg., collected by pitfall trap, 1 ♂ (MCN 53372); Caxias, Fazenda Souza [29 ° 07 ’ 36.8 ” S 51 ° 00 ’ 57.9 ” W], 12. XI. 1995, A. Braul leg., 1 ♂ (MCTP 15356); Cruz Alta [28 ° 39 ’ 35.0 ” S 53 ° 36 ’ 53.9 ” W], 04. XI. 2010, L. Silva leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 30260). URUGUAY, Maldonado, Punta Negra [34 ° 52 ’ 57.6 ” S 55 ° 13 ’ 14.1 ” W], 10. X. 2018, R. Roibal leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9552); Piriápolis, Base de Cerro San Antonio [34 ° 52 ’ 53.17 ” S 55 ° 16 ’ 44.09 ” W], 03. XI. 2017, D. Hagopián leg., collected on cacti, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9637). ARGENTINA, Entre Ríos, Concepción del Uruguay [32 ° 29 ’ 04.7 ” S 58 ° 13 ’ 55.5 ” W], 17. III. 1965, A. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6240).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFDA4C116EAE5BE2FBCD0490.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (São Paulo, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay (Maldonado), and Argentina (Entre Ríos) (Figs 50 A – B). Natural history. Based on specimens collected in Brazil, we can conclude that this species is rarely found in grazed and non-grazed grasslands (Silva & Ott 2017). From collections on cacti in Uruguay, this species can be associated with the shrubs and soil habitat. This species occurs in the Chacoan subregion (Figs 50 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 7 – 908 m a. s. l. (Figs 50 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD84C1D6EAE5EFFFDE804B4.taxon	description	Figs 7 E, 16 A – D, 17 A – D, 50 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 962 F 57 B 1 - F 805 - 4557 - AD 9 A- 2 B 86 F 9 BCF 998 Tullgrenella corrugata Galiano, 1981: 218, figs 6 – 7 (holotype, female, BRAZIL, Pará [5 ° 58 ’ 36.6 ” S 53 ° 40 ’ 36.5 ” W], W. J. Moenkhaus leg. (MCZ), not examined; 2 female paratypes from the same locality, one in the Milwaukee Public Museum (not examined) and one female (MACN-Ar 7207), examined).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD84C1D6EAE5EFFFDE804B4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella corrugata Galiano, 1981 resemble those of T. morenensis, T. brescoviti, T. guayapae, and T. musica by the oblique tegulum in relation to the distal sickle-shaped cymbium (Figs 4 A, 6 A – B, 8 C – D, 10 C – D, 12 C – D, 14 C – D, 16 C – D), but can be recognized by the large conductor not forming a cradle-shape (Fig. 16 C). Females of T. corrugata resemble those of T. brescoviti by the large and spiral copulatory ducts in posterior region, and by the separated spermathecae (Figs 7 A, 7 E, 17 C – D), but differ from those in having longer and more curved copulatory ducts in the epigynum, the antero-medial copulatory opening, and the epigynum plate with a longer ventral posterior border (Figs 7 E, 17 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD84C1D6EAE5EFFFDE804B4.taxon	description	Description. Male (MACN-Ar 42231). Total length 5.18. Carapace length 2.53; width 2.64; height: 1.19. Cephalic region length 1.13; thoracic region length 1.30. Ocular area length 1.07; Anterior eyes row 1.28 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.40 wide; Distance ALE – PME 0.53; PME – PLE 0.11. Ocular diameter AME 0.40; ALE 0.17; PME 0.17; PLE 0.14. Clypeus height 0.17. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.74; 0.40 wide; Fang 0.34 length. Endites length 0.55; 0.31 wide. Labium length 0.27; 0.36 wide. Sternum length 1.05; 0.78 wide. Abdomen length 2.67; 1.74 wide, height 1.54. Legs, femur length I: 1.29; II: 0.91; III: 1.33; IV: 1.56; patella I: 0.79; II: 0.63; III: 0.71; IV: 0.72; tibia I: 0.79; II: 0.72; III: 0.71; IV: 1.11; metatarsus I: 0.68; II: 0.50; III: 0.86; IV: 1.10; tarsus I: 0.55; II: 0.45; III: 0.51; IV: 0.58. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length of femur 0.69, patella 0.24, tibia 0.32, cymbium 0.77. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 2 di; IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 di, r 2 di. Patella I – IV: p 1, r 1. Tibia I: v 2 – 2, p 1 subdistal; II: v 2, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1; III: d 1, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1; IV: d 1, v 0 – 1 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1, metatarsus I: v 2 – 2; II: v 2 – 2, p 2, r 2; III: d 1, v 2 – 2, p 2 di, r 2 di; IV: d 2, v 2 – 2, p 2 di, r 2 di. Palp macrosetae, femur: d 1 – 1 – 1. Carapace, chelicerae, endites, labium and sternum as described for genus (Figs 16 A – B). Legs brown, tibiae dorsally yellow, ventrally brown, metatarsus and tarsus yellow (Figs 16 A – B). Abdomen as described for genus (Figs 16 A – B, see red arrow). Palp: femur brown with a reduced ventral basal protuberance. Retrolateral tibial apophysis sclerotized, conspicuous and acute, not exceeding the ventral tegulum, and with a small, ventral border process well-developed and hook-shaped (Figs 16 C – D). Cymbium sickle-shaped, brown (Figs 16 C – D). Tegulum oblique, distal part longer than wide, and with short pRL facing down (Figs 16 C – D). Tegulum with central depression in the middle, with groove (Fig. 16 C, see red arrow). Embolar base projecting dorso-prolaterally, lightly sclerotized, with thicker basal portion and thin apical portion and slightly curved, not exceeding the cymbium apex (Fig. 16 C). Projections accompanying the embolus, pars pendula about half of embolus length, large conductor about half of embolus length, cradle-shaped, dorsal and retrolateral to embolus, border slightly retrolateral (Fig. 16 C). Female. Described and illustrated by Galiano (1981: 218, figs 6 – 7). Material examined. ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires, Sierra de La Ventana [38 ° 08 ’ 21.6 ” S 61 ° 47 ’ 38.8 ” W], XI. 1971, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42161); ditto, 01. XI. 1974, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42231); ditto, 20. X. 1988, M. E. Galiano & C. L. Scioscia leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42232); Córdoba, Alta Gracia [31 ° 39 ’ 51.6 ” S 64 ° 28 ’ 00.9 ” W], XI. 1981, M. E. Galiano & M. Miranda leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42229). Distribution. Brazil [Pará (Galiano 1981 a)], Argentina (Buenos Aires and Córdoba) (Figs 50 A – B). Natural history. Some individuals from Argentina, Buenos Aires, Sierra de La Ventana, were associated with rocks and collected manually in a fragment of mountains and grasslands (Cristina Scioscia, personal communication). Some specimens from Argentina were collected with a beating tray and manual collection, suggesting that this species has differentiation between several stratum types. The species was also recorded in the state of Pará, Brazil, which have physiognomies as Amazonian Forest, Mangroves, or Cerrado in Northern Brazil (Galiano 1981 a). This fragment includes the Chacoan subregion (Figs 50 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 252 – 628 m a. s. l. (Figs 50 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD44C1F6EAE5E1BFA8E04EC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males can be distinguished by the following putative synapomorphies: embolar base ribbon-flat shape, sickle-shaped cymbium, longer embolus (the size exceeding the cymbium apex), and lanceolate conductor (Figs 4 B, 6 D – E, 21 C, 23 C, 25 C). Females are distinguished based on the following synapomorphies: copulatory opening antero-medially placed and faced down, and copulatory ducts having loops of similar dimensions (Figs 7 F – 7 H, 22 D, 24 D, 26 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD44C1F6EAE5E1BFA8E04EC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia [La Paz], Brazil (Amapá, São Paulo, and Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay (Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandú, Río Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Treinta y Tres, Salto, and Durazno) and Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, La Pampa, Neuquén, Río Negro, and Corrientes) (Figs 51 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD44C1F6EAE5E1BFA8E04EC.taxon	discussion	Natural history. Individuals can be associated with soil habitats, as they were collected on rocks and shrubs in grasslands. The species T. quadripunctata and T. lunata can be considered sympatric in the Chacoan – Brazilian subregions, but T. lunata has a larger distribution area, exceeding the South America Transitional Zone and occurring in the Andean subregion (Figs 51 A – B). In this regionalization, different provinces are present, which include both forest and grassland physiognomies. Of these species, T. nadjae seems to be restricted to the South American Transitional Zone (Figs 51 A – B). The altitudinal occurrence of these species is 5 – 4776 m a. s. l. (Figs 51 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD54C1B6EAE5A59FBDB04B4.taxon	description	Figs 4 B, 7 F, 20 A – D, 21 A – D, 22 A – D, 43 A, 44 C, 51 A – C Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: BE 40 EBAB- 8 B 1 E- 44 CE- 9 D 03 - BE 95 D 85 E 712 F	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD54C1B6EAE5A59FBDB04B4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella quadripunctata resemble those of T. nadjae Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 by the sickle-shaped cymbium and proximal retrolateral lobe of tegulum facing up toward the cymbium apex (Figs 4 B, 21 C – D), but can be distinguished by the retrolateral-distal rotation of tegulum (Fig. 21 C) and the conductor close to tegulum (Fig. 21 C). Females of T. quadripunctata can be compared to T. nadjae by the copulatory ducts with two loops in the antero-dorsal region, and one loop in the distal-dorsal region connecting to anterior spermathecae (Figs 7 F vs 7 G, 22 D vs 24 D), but can be distinguished by the horizontal curly bracket-shaped posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 7 F, 22 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD54C1B6EAE5A59FBDB04B4.taxon	description	Description. See Galiano (1970).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD54C1B6EAE5A59FBDB04B4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. BRAZIL, Amapá, Mazagão [0 ° 06 ’ 56.9 ” S 51 ° 17 ’ 10.5 ” W], 03. XII. 2003, R. Adaime leg., 1 ♂ (MCTP 16531); São Paulo, Itirapina [22 ° 15 ’ 21.3 ” S 47 ° 48 ’ 55.4 ” W], 2001, C. R. Bertim leg., 1 ♂ (IBSP 123127); Rio Grande do Sul, Torres [29 ° 20 ’ 18.2 ” S 49 ° 43 ’ 41.7 ” W], no data and collector, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42245); Cidreira [30 ° 10 ’ 36.2 ” S 50 ° 12 ’ 30.9 ” W], 21. X. 1992, A. A. Lise leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 2239); Santa Vitória do Palmar, Estação Ecológica do Taim [32 ° 32 ’ 20.5 ” S 52 ° 32 ’ 25.8 ” W], 09. IV. 1986, M. Rosenau leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MCN 14882); ditto, 1 ♀ (MCN 14887); Guaíba [30 ° 06 ’ 49.8 ” S 51 ° 19 ’ 16.0 ” W], 04. II. 1976, M. Galileo & A. Gastal leg., 1 ♀ (MCN 26658); Santana do Livramento, Fazenda Rincão dos Moraes [30 ° 53 ’ 20.1 ” S 55 ° 31 ’ 35.8 ” W], 23. II. 2016, G. Silva & T. Aguzzoli leg., pitfall trap, 1 ♂ (MCN 53376). URUGUAY, Rocha, Chuí [33 ° 41 ’ 20.7 ” S 53 ° 26 ’ 55.4 ” W], I. 1967, Pujals leg. 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6226); Sarandí del Consejo [34 ° 14 ’ 8.26 ” S 53 ° 58 ’ 40.31 ” W], 23. II. 1995, C. Toscano leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 2235); ditto, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 2259); Cerro Largo, Paso Arriera [32 ° 00´32.6 ” S 54 ° 28´54.5 ” W], 18 – 20. VII. 2019, M. Simó leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 11098); Arévalo [32 ° 29´16.9 ” S 55 ° 02´51.0 ” W], 31. X. 2019, 1 ♂ (FCEAr 12498), ditto, 3 ♂ (FCE-Ar 12131); Colonia, R 2, Km 174 [33 ° 56 ’ 9.85 ” S 57 ° 22 ’ 0.67 ” W], 01. XII. 2019, R. Roibal leg., 2 ♀ (FCE-Ar 10625); Durazno, San Eduardo [32 ° 35 ’ 32 ” S 55 ° 42 ’ 21 ” W], 29. I. 2019, Pompozzi leg., collected in grassland, 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (FCE-Ar 11248); ditto, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 11401) ditto, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 11501); Maldonado, Sierra de las Ánimas [34 ° 42 ’ 0.16 ” S 55 ° 18 ’ 59.55 ” W], 02. V. 1965, B. Ximenez leg., 2 ♂ (FCE-Ar 0329); Piriápolis [34 ° 51 ’ 16.91 ” S 55 ° 17 ’ 42.66 ” W], 03. XI. 2018, D. Hagopián leg., on rocks, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9636); Altos del Edén [34 ° 37 ’ 53.39 ” S 55 ° 3 ’ 59.77 ” W], 09. III. 2020, D. Hagopián leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 10736); Montevideo, Melilla [34 ° 43 ’ 57.38 ” S 56 ° 19 ’ 15.96 ” W], 18. II. 2018, D. Hagopián leg., 4 ♂ (FCE-Ar 2284); ditto, 11. VIII. 2018, D. Hagopián leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9371); ditto, 23. XII. 2017, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9395); ditto, 12. XI. 2017, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9566); ditto, 17. IX. 2017, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9577); ditto, 12. VI. 2019, D. Hagopián leg., under firewood, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 10738); ditto, 18. IV. 2020, 7 ♂ 3 ♀ (FCE-Ar 12178); Malvín Norte, Facultad de Ciencias [34 ° 52 ’ 56.29 ” S 56 ° 7 ’ 6.65 ” W], 20. III. 2017, A. Laborda leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9417); ditto, 24. III. 2017, D. Hagopián leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9420); Calle Iguá 4225 [34 ° 52 ’ 52 ” S 56 ° 07 ’ 03 ” W], 26. X. 2021, P. Pintos leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 10388); Paysandú, Ciudad de Paysandú [32 ° 21 ’ 7,09 ’’ S 58 ° 3 ’ 35,82 ’’ W], 26. X. 2014, A. Laborda leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 5998); ditto, 29. IV. 2017, A. Laborda leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 10540); Río Negro, Ruta 24 Km 85, Estancia “ Las Cadenas ” [32 ° 31 ’ 38.5 ” S 58 ° 02 ’ 00.2 ” W], 22. XII. 2020, A. Mailhos leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 13138); ditto, 21. IV. 2020, collected in Eryngium horridum, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 8517); Rivera, Ypoá [31 ° 43 ’ 53 ” S 55 ° 34 ’ 11 ” W], 10. IV. 2019, Pompozzi leg., in grassland, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 11262); Treinta y Tres, General Enrique Martinez (Charqueada) [33 ° 11 ’ 58.82 ” S 53 ° 51 ’ 5.18 ” W], 18. XI. 2013, L. Bao & L. Casales leg., riparian forest, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9264); Juan Manual Sanz [33 ° 11 ’ 41.61 ” S 54 ° 5 ’ 34.24 ” W], XI. 2005, L. Bao & L. Casales leg., D – Vac on rice, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9267); Canelones, INIA, Las Brujas [34 ° 39 ’ 44.5 ” S 56 ° 20 ’ 19.9 ” W], 02. II. 2005, M. Simó leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 3143); ditto, 19. II. 2005, M. Simó leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 3232); ditto, 03. VII. 2005, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 3350); ditto, 10. VII. 2004, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 4758); ditto, 23. IV. 2005, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 6856); San Rámon, [34 ° 17 ’ 24.25 ” S 55 ° 57 ’ 19.29 ” W], 02. IX. 2018, R. Lauría leg., 2 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9404); ditto, 20. VII. 2019, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 10550); Toledo, José Antonio Verdún 22 [34 ° 44 ’ 28.61 ” S 56 ° 05 ’ 24.98 ” W], 09. IX. 2018, R. Lauría leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9461); ditto, 02. X. 2018, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9523); ditto, 24. VI. 2019, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 10552). ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires [34 ° 35 ’ 03.7 ” S 58 ° 24 ’ 34.0 ” W], X. 1941, M. Viana leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6232); 1998, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42287); Alberdi [35 ° 01 ’ 54.1 ” S 60 ° 16 ’ 48.6 ” W], 08. III. 1989, A. González leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42293); Atucha [33 ° 58 ’ 19.5 ” S 59 ° 12 ’ 12.9 ” W], XI. 1982, M. Ramírez leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42281); Belén de Escobar [34 ° 20 ’ 54.8 ” S 58 ° 46 ’ 27.0 ” W], 22. IX. 1979, P. Goloboff leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42291); Campos de Tuyú [36 ° 24 ’ 22.2 ” S 56 ° 58 ’ 18.8 ” W], 26. III. 2012, L. Piacentini, G. Rubio & Izquierdo leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 32099); Carlos Casares [35 ° 37 ’ 37.7 ” S 61 ° 20 ’ 48.4 ” W], IV. 1981, P. Goloboff leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42157); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42284); ditto, 3 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42289); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42297); ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42298), ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42302); ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42303); ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42721); ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42241), ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42247); ditto, I. 1982, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42288); ditto, IX. 1989, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42294); ditto, 1978 – 1979, P. Goloboff leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42720); ditto, 19. XI. 1947, W. Patriadge leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42295); Don Torcuato [34 ° 29 ’ 37.7 ” S 58 ° 37 ’ 38.4 ” W], IV. 1939, Boero leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6223); Hurlingham [34 ° 35 ’ 22.7 ” S 58 ° 37 ’ 39.0 ” W], XI. 1962, E. Massoia leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6225); Ezeiza [34 ° 47 ’ 52.4 ” S 58 ° 33 ’ 35.5 ” W], VI. 1981, M. Ramírez leg., 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42285); Hurlingham [34 ° 35 ’ 22.7 ” S 58 ° 37 ’ 39.0 ” W], IX. 1962, E. Massoia leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6265); Ingeniero Maschwitz [34 ° 23 ’ 28.4 ” S 58 ° 44 ’ 18.7 ” W], V. 1969, M. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MANC 6236); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6237); Isla Martín Garcia [34 ° 11 ’ 07.4 ” S 58 ° 15 ’ 13.0 ” W], III. 1939, M. Viana leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6229); Junín [34 ° 35 ’ 16.8 ” S 60 ° 56 ’ 58.6 ” W], II. 1963, E. Massoia leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6231); Las Flores [36 ° 00 ’ 51.3 ” S 59 ° 05 ’ 59.4 ” W], VI. 1931, J. B. Daguerre leg., 2 ♂ 5 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6235); ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6283); ditto, 30. VI. 19831, J. B. Daguerre leg., 4 ♀ (MACN-Ar 30986); Las Palmas [34 ° 03 ’ 12.3 ” S 59 ° 08 ’ 04.9 ” W], 08. IV. 1963, Bachmann leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42234); Mar del Plata [38 ° 00 ’ 19.9 ” S 57 ° 32 ’ 33.3 ” W], I. 1986, C. Scioscia leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42296); ditto, 20.21. VII. 1984, M. Ramírez leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42301); Punta Lara [34 ° 49 ’ 26.8 ” S 57 ° 58 ’ 07.0 ” W], IX. 1937, M. Viana leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6228); Quequén [38 ° 32 ’ 38.6 ” S 58 ° 42 ’ 43.4 ” W], II. 1960, M. Birabén leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42292); Reserva Natural de Otamendi, Est. Río Luján [34 ° 13 ’ 36.8 ” S 58 ° 53 ’ 50.1 ” W], 28. VIII. 2007, C. Grismado, L. Damer, N. Olejni, I. Crudele, N. Lopéz & S. de Biase leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 12795); Río Luján [34 ° 16 ’ 46.5 ” S 58 ° 53 ’ 26.3 ” W], 14. IX. 1991, M. Ramírez leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42299); Tandil [37 ° 19 ’ 43.1 ” S 59 ° 08 ’ 11.1 ” W], 1937, M. Viana leg., 3 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6227); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42290); Tigre [34 ° 25 ’ 31.2 ” S 58 ° 34 ’ 45.7 ” W], VIII. 1951, M. Viana leg., 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6222); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6224); VI. 1935, H. Hepper leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6233); ditto, 31. III. 1971, D. Toth leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42248); Zelaya [34 ° 36 ’ 05.6 ” S 58 ° 24 ’ 36.1 ” W], VIII. 1938, Daguerre leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6234); Córdoba, Mina Clavero [31 ° 43 ’ 41.6 ” S 65 ° 00 ’ 19.9 ” W], 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42282); La Cumbre [30 ° 58 ’ 56.6 ” S 64 ° 29 ’ 49.3 ” W], XII. 1991, C. Scioscia & M. Ramírez leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42286); Camino de Pampa de Achala [31 ° 40 ’ 57.6 ” S 64 ° 50 ’ 14.4 ” W], 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42242); Corrientes, Arroyo Mandisoví Grande [28 ° 35 ’ 03.2 ” S 58 ° 00 ’ 20.3 ” W], 15. VII. 1985, M. Ramírez leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42283).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD54C1B6EAE5A59FBDB04B4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Amapá, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay (Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Durazno, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandú, Río Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Treinta y Tres), and Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Corrientes) (Figs 51 A – B). Natural history. Individuals can be associated with soil habitat, as they were collected on rocks and in grasslands. This species is recorded in the Chacoan and Brazilian subregions, not occurring in the South American Transitional Zone (Figs 51 A – B), and can be found in sympatry with T. lunata in the Chacoan subregion (Figs 51 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 5 – 2081 m a. s. l. (Figs 51 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD14C246EAE59A1FB0F0420.taxon	description	Figs 7 G, 23 A – D, 24 A – D, 51 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4739 F 841 - 5 F 24 - 4 E 37 - 9 E 1 B- 11100 A 947 CB 0	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD14C246EAE59A1FB0F0420.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella nadjae Estol, Marta & Rodrigues, 2020 resemble those of T. quadripunctata by the pointed and sickle-shaped cymbium, and those of T. lunata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) by the lanceolate conductor (Figs 21 C – D, 23 C – D), but differ from both species by the retrolateral tibial apophysis long and sinuous, and from T. lunata (Figs 23 C – D vs 25 C – D) and by the oblique tegulum in T. nadjae (Fig. 23 C). Females of T. nadjae resemble those of T. quadripunctata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) and T. lunata (Mello-Leitão, 1944) by the shape of epigynum, as long as wide, and the antero-medially situated copulatory opening (Figs 7 F – G, 22 C – D). However, they differ from those of T. quadripunctata and T. lunata by the straight loop of the copulatory ducts, above the spermathecae, distant from each other (Figs 7 F vs 7 G, 24 C – D vs 26 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD14C246EAE59A1FB0F0420.taxon	description	Description. Male and female described by Estol et al. (2020).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFD14C246EAE59A1FB0F0420.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia (La Paz) (Figs 51 A – B). Natural history. Recorded at the limits of the Brazilian subregion and South America Transitional Zone (Figs 51 – B). The altitudinal occurrence of this species is 3960 m a. s. l. (Estol et al. 2020) (Figs 51 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFEE4C266EAE5F5CFB930237.taxon	description	Figs 6 D – F, 7 H, 25 A – D, 26 A – D, 51 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 49 F 63 DEB- 202 F- 47 E 1 - 8 CFF- 32 A 15 CA 32 A 21	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFEE4C266EAE5F5CFB930237.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella lunata, like those of T. quadripunctata and T. nadjae, have a non-globose tegular membranous process, sickle-shaped cymbium, and elongate embolus exceeding the cymbium apex (Figs 21 C – D, 23 C – D, 25 C – D), but T. lunata can be recognized by the longer and parallel tegulum in relation to the cymbium apex (Fig. 25 C), and longer and conspicuous RTA (Fig. 25 D). Females of T. lunata are similar to those of T. quadripunctata and T. nadjae by the epigynal plate (Figs 7 F – H, 22 C – D, 24 C – D, 26 C – D) with large copulatory ducts arranged in an anterior loop and the posterior ovoid spermathecae (Figs 7 H, 26 C – D), but T. lunata can be recognized by the large anterior-median copulatory opening inverted U-shaped and positioned upside down (Figs 7 H, 26 C – D), and the single C-shaped loop of copulatory ducts (Fig. 7 H).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFEE4C266EAE5F5CFB930237.taxon	description	Description. See Galiano (1970; Figs 6 D – F, 7 H, 25 C – D, 26 C – D). We add the following complementary data: in the expanded palp, the bulb turns 45 º and the pars pendula is not visible (Figs 6 D – F), the conductor involves the embolus when basal haematodocha was expanded (Figs 6 D – F). Basal haematodocha well-developed (Figs 6 D – F).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFEE4C266EAE5F5CFB930237.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. ARGENTINA, Neuquén, Junín de los Andes [39 ° 57 ’ 04.3 ” S 71 ° 04 ’ 14.5 ” W], II. 1968, E. Maury leg. 1 ♀ (allotype, MACN-Ar 6217); Pucará, Lago Lacar [40 ° 10 ’ 45.5 ” S 71 ° 29 ’ 02.6 ” W], X. 1955, A. Giai leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6218); ditto, XII. 1963, J. Navas leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6220); Santa Fé [31 ° 36 ’ 38.6 ” S 60 ° 41 ’ 50.0 ”], I. 1962, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6216); Córdoba, Calamuchita [32 ° 16 ’ 19.6 ” S 64 ° 37 ’ 16.4 ” W], XII. 1940, Viana leg. 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6214); La Pampa [37 ° 54 ’ 12.2 ” S 65 ° 05 ’ 55.5 ” W], II. 1943, H. Hepper leg. 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6215). Río Negro, Bariloche [41 ° 08 ’ 02.0 ” S 71 ° 18 ’ 37.8 ” W], I. 1964, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6219). URUGUAY, Salto, Estancia “ Los Venados ”, El Perado [31 ° 43 ’ 65,32 ” S 56 ° 44 ’ 12,13 ” W], 12. V. 2010, Á. Laborda leg., collected with pitfall trap, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 10531). Durazno, Carlos Reyles [33 ° 3 ’ 34.61 ” S 56 ° 28 ’ 22.49 ” W], 04. XI. 2020, M. Castro leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 7670); San Eduardo [32 ° 35 ’ 32 ” S 55 ° 42 ’ 43 ” W], 29. I. 2019, G. Pompozzi leg., collected in natural grassland, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 11261).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFEE4C266EAE5F5CFB930237.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina (Córdoba, La Pampa, Néuquén, Pucará and [Río Negro (Galiano 1970)] and Uruguay (Salto and Durazno) (Figs 51 A – B). Natural history. Individuals were associated with shrubs and soil, collected with pitfall traps in Uruguay. The distribution of this species shows that it occurs from East to West in South America. It is found associated with the Chacoan subregion, crosses the South American Transitional Zone, and reaches the Andean region (Figs 51 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 8 – 4776 m a. s. l. (Figs 51 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFEC4C276EAE5F27FE1A04C8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia [Santa Cruz], Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay [Ñeembucú], Uruguay (Canelones, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandú, Río Negro, and Rocha) and Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Entre Ríos, Junín, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Mina Clavero, Misiones, and Tucumán) (Figs 52 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFEC4C276EAE5F27FE1A04C8.taxon	discussion	Natural history. Collected in Uruguay on grassland and under rocks. These species can be found associated with soil and under rocks. They are sympatric in the Chacoan subregion, with T. yungae and T. melanica occurring in the South America Transitional Zone (Figs 52 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of these species is 4 – 2088 m a. s. l. (Figs 52 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFED4C216EAE5A3DFC54075C.taxon	description	Figs 7 I, 20 E – H, 27 A – D, 28 A – D, 52 A – C Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 426 B 80 B- 32 C 2 - 4 ADE-ADF 8 - 0887 B 19 FFFE 6	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFED4C216EAE5A3DFC54075C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella melanica resemble those of T. yungae by bifid RTA but differ from those by the thick embolus (Fig. 27 C) and the cymbium with distal ventral fold above the embolus (Fig. 27 C). Females of T. melanica are very similar to females of T. yungae by the C-shaped copulatory opening (Figs 7 I vs 7 J, 28 C – D vs 29 C – D), the longer posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 7 I vs 7 J, 28 C – D vs 30 C – D), and the circular spermathecae (Figs 7 I vs 7 J), but can be distinguished by the larger window and copulatory opening in a fillet located at the medial-ventral epigynum plate (Fig. 28 C) and the larger spermathecae (Figs 7 I, 28 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFED4C216EAE5A3DFC54075C.taxon	description	Description. See Galiano (1970; Figs 7 I, 20 E – H, 27 A – D, 28 A – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFED4C216EAE5A3DFC54075C.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. URUGUAY, Canelones [34 ° 31 ’ 44.0 ” S 56 ° 17 ’ 07.6 ” W], 31. I. 1997, F. Costa leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 2293); Rocha, Agua Dulces [34 ° 16 ’ 46.93 ” S 53 ° 46 ’ 49.26 ” W], 23. II. 2020, A. Laborda leg., collected on a beach deck, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 10686); La Coronilla [33 ° 53 ’ 24.5 ” S 53 ° 31 ’ 32.3 ” W], 19. II. 1980, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42217); Maldonado, Piriápolis [34 ° 52 ’ 55.17 ” S 55 ° 16 ’ 44.48 ” W], 22. I. 2018, D. Hagopián leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9571); Plaja grande [34 ° 51 ’ 07 ” S 55 ° 18 ’ 05 ” W], 03. XI, 20187, D. Hagopián leg., collected under rocks and rubble in dunes with grass of the rambla, 2 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9635); ditto, 22. I. 2018, D. Hagopián leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9664); Sierra de las Ánimas [34 ° 43 ’ 03.6 ” S 55 ° 18 ’ 36.1 ” W], 17. XI. 2020, A. Mailhos leg., collected in a rocky grassland, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 12259); Montevideo, Cerro de Montevideo [34 ° 52 ’ 52.89 ” S 56 ° 15 ’ 13.73 ” W], 22. II. 1997, F. G. Costa leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9380); Punta Espinillo [34 ° 50 ’ 35.1 ” S 56 ° 23 ’ 50.9 ” W], 13. IX. 2020, A. Mailhos leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 10505); Paysandú, Montes del Queguay [32 ° 10 ’ 49.31 ” S 57 ° 14 ’ 18.78 ” W], 26 – 29. X. 2018, D. Hagopián leg., collected on rock, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9616); Río Negro, Ruta 24 Km 85, Estancia “ Las Cadenas ” [32 ° 31 ’ 17.1 ” S 58 ° 02 ’ 17.8 ” W], 21. I. 2021, A. Mailhos leg., on sandy soil, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 10464). ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires, Sierra de la Ventana [38 ° 08 ’ 21.6 ” S 61 ° 47 ’ 38.8 ” W], XI. 1968, M. Galiano leg., 3 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6247); II. 1969, E. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6248); ditto, 22 – 24. XI. 1922, A. Peretti leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42210); ditto, VII. 1973, Cesari leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42211); San Pedro [33 ° 40 ’ 33.4 ” S 59 ° 39 ’ 46.2 ” W], immature (MACN-Ar 0146). Córdoba [31 ° 25 ’ 26.4 ” S 64 ° 11 ’ 12.5 ” W], XII. 1994, M. E. Galiano & C. Scioscia leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42202); Agua de Oro [31 ° 03 ’ 43.9 ” S 64 ° 18 ’ 01.2 ” W], III. 1940, De Carlo leg., 1 ♂ (MACN 6243); 1 ♀ 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6244); ditto [31 ° 03 ’ 43.9 ” S 64 ° 18 ’ 01.2 ” W], III. 1940, J. M. de Carlo leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6243); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6244); La Rioja [29 ° 24 ’ 46.6 ” S 66 ° 51 ’ 21.4 ” W], 1940, I. Goméz leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 6245); Río Miranda y Ruta Nac. 40, 29 ° 20 ’ 23.0 ” S 67 ° 39 ’ 58.3 ” W], I. 1967, M. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6246); Alta Gracia [31 ° 39 ’ 51.6 ” S 64 ° 28 ’ 00.9 ” W], XI. 1985, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 1173); ditto, M. E. Galiano & M. Miranda leg., 3 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42218), ditto, IV. 1985, M .. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42150); Los Paredones [31 ° 39 ’ 51.6 ” S 64 ° 28 ’ 00.9 ” W], XI. 1984, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 1086); Ambul [31 ° 29 ’ 22.6 ” S 65 ° 03 ’ 15.9 ” W], 05. II. 1981, A. Roig leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42215); Camino de Pampa Achala [31 ° 40 ’ 57.6 ” S 64 ° 50 ’ 14.4 ” W], 19. XI. 1983, M. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42203); ditto, 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42156); ditto, 15. XI. 1984, 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42219); ditto, XI. 1983, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42205); Cuesta Blanca [31 ° 28 ’ 58.7 ” S 64 ° 34 ’ 06.9 ” W], IX. 1990, A. Peretti leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42221); Cura Brochero [31 ° 40 ’ 00.1 ” S 65 ° 01 ’ 01.5 ” W], 11. XI. 1980, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 1134); ditto, 18. XI. 1983, 1 ♂ (MACNAr 42206); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42201); ditto, X. 1985, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42243); ditto, 13. X. 1984, 5 ♂ 5 ♀ (MACNAr 42212); ditto, XI. 1985, M. E. Galiano & M. Miranda leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42199); ditto, 10. XII. 1993, M. E. Galiano & C. Scioscia leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42148); Dique Cruz del Eje [30 ° 46 ’ 18.5 ” S 64 ° 45 ’ 25.3 ” W], 20. XI. 1983, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42216); El Palmar [31 ° 17 ’ 46.4 ” S 64 ° 16 ’ 42.3 ” W], II. 1981, P. Goloboff leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42213); Embalse Río III [31 ° 26 ’ 05.2 ” S 62 ° 06 ’ 15.1 ” W], 27. XII. 1974, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 4225); Lago San Roque [31 ° 23 ’ 46.6 ” S 64 ° 28 ’ 27.8 ” W], IV. 1993, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 1323); Mina Clavero [31 ° 43 ’ 41.6 ” S 65 ° 00 ’ 19.9 ” W], XII. 1993, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42207); Quilino [31 ° 24 ’ 57.8 ” S 64 ° 11 ’ 44.6 ” W], 10. I. 1981, A. Roig leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42224); Salsacate, El Potrero [31 ° 19 ’ 02.3 ” S 65 ° 05 ’ 18.8 ” W], 15. II. 1981, E. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42200); Entre Ríos, [32 ° 37 ’ 04.4 ” S 59 ° 08 ’ 13.4 ” W], 05. II. 1983, P. Goloboff leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42220); San Luis, Merlo [32 ° 20 ’ 54.5 ” S 65 ° 01 ’ 02.3 ” W], 15 – 16. XI. 1985, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42153); ditto, 18. XI. 1983, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 1056); ditto, XI. 1985, M. E. Galiano & M. Miranda leg., 10 ♂ 5 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42154); ditto, XII. 1987, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42155); ditto, 17. XI. 1983, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42204); ditto, 12. XI. 1982, E. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42208); XII. 1987, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42209); 06. XII. 1993, M. E. Galiano & C. Scioscia leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42214); La Pampa, Lihue Calel [38 ° 00 ’ 51.8 ” S 65 ° 35 ’ 04.1 ” W], VI. 1969, E. Maury & Posadas leg., 3 ♂ 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6284). La Rioja [29 ° 24 ’ 46.6 ” S 66 ° 51 ’ 21.4 ” W], I. 1964, M. P. Gomez leg., 1 ♂ MACN-Ar 6245); Río Miranda y Ruta Nac. 40 [29 ° 20 ’ 23.0 ” S 67 ° 39 ’ 58.3 ” W], I. 1964, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6246); San Luis, Camino a Santa Florentina, Famatina, [28 ° 55 ’ 31.8 ” S 67 ° 31 ’ 11.4 ” W], XII. 1993, M. E. Galiano & C. Scioscia leg., 1 ♀ (MACNAr 1328); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42149); Guanchin [29 ° 11 ’ 23.6 ” S 67 ° 38 ’ 16.7 ” W], XI. 1980, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 0998); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 0995); ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 0996); ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 0997); ditto, 7 ♂ 7 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42230); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42235); ditto, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42240); Cuesta Miranda [29 ° 20 ’ 40.5 ” S 67 ° 46 ’ 05.6 ” W], 20. XII. 1979, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42222); Mendoza, Nihuil [27 ° 47 ’ 01.3 ” S 64 ° 15 ’ 51.3 ” W], 04. I. 1975, E. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 6824); Las Heras [32 ° 50 ’ 30.5 ” S 68 ° 50 ’ 00.3 ” W], 05. IV. 1979, A. Roig leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42145); ditto, 05. I. 1985, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42198); ditto, XI. 19775, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42151); Mina Clavero, Entre Encantado y La Gloria [31 ° 43 ’ 41.7 ” S 65 ° 00 ’ 19.7 ” W], 12. XI. 1984, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 1128); Tucumán, Burruyacu [26 ° 29 ’ 56.6 ” S 64 ° 44 ’ 13.4 ” W], 22. I. 1981, E. Maury leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42152).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFED4C216EAE5A3DFC54075C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Uruguay (Canelones, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandú, Río Negro, and Rocha) and Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Entre Ríos, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza and Tucumán) (Figs 52 A – B). Natural history. Collected in Uruguay on grasslands. This species can be found associated with soil and under rocks. It occurs in the Chacoan subregion and South American Transitional Zone (Figs 52 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 4 – 2088 m a. s. l. (Figs 52 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE84C236EAE58ECFCCD04EC.taxon	description	Figs 4 C, 7 J, 29 A – D, 30 A – D, 31 A – B, 43 C, 44 A, 44 D, 52 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 0 FB 4 A 76 - 4 FA 8 - 41 F 6 - BE 8 F-A 8156 E 56 F 27 B	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE84C236EAE58ECFCCD04EC.taxon	diagnosis	Revised diagnosis. Tullgrenella yungae is close to T. melanica, from which it differs by the projections on the tegulum with an angulate basal portion and triangular distal portion (Figs 4 C, 29 C vs 27 C); the openings of the final portion of the copulatory ducts in the spermathecae are located much further forward than in T. melanica (Figs 7 J vs 7 I, 30 C vs 28 C), so that the curvature of the ducts is located in an anterior-superior position of the spermathecae, not bordering them as found in T. melanica (Figs 7 J vs 7 I, 30 C – D vs 28 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE84C236EAE58ECFCCD04EC.taxon	description	Description. See Galiano (1970) for male and Pett et al. (2021) for female.	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE84C236EAE58ECFCCD04EC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. BRAZIL, Paraná, Parque Nacional do Iguaçu [25 ° 41 ’ 01.4 ” S 54 ° 26 ’ 05.7 ” W], 30. III. 1993, A. B. Bonaldo leg., 1 ♂ (MCN 23509); Santa Catarina, Guatambu [27 ° 08 ’ 09.1 ” S 52 ° 47 ’ 21.3 ” W], 28. II. 2012, R. Francisco leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 39713); ditto, 01. XI. 2011, 1 ♀ (MCTP 36002); ditto, 06. VI. 2012, 1 ♀ (MCTP 37938); Chapecó [27 ° 05 ’ 43.2 ” S 52 ° 37 ’ 01.0 ” W], 28. II. 2012, R. Francisco leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 39711); ditto, 01. IX. 2011, 2 ♂ (MCTP 36001); ditto, 06. VI. 2012, 1 ♀ (MCTP 38104); Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Apuê [27 ° 40 ’ 35.5 ” S 51 ° 53 ’ 35.9 ” W], II. 1989, Equipe Machadinho leg., 1 ♂ (MCPT 0706); Porto Alegre, Vila Nova [30 ° 07 ’ 02.9 ” S 51 ° 11 ’ 53.4 ” W], 08. V. 1991, F. Garcia leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 2738); Santo Ângelo [28 ° 19 ’ 08.9 ” S 54 ° 15 ’ 38.7 ” W], 12. I. 2004, I. Bernardi leg., 1 ♂ (MCTP 16494); Rio dos Índios [27 ° 17 ’ 59.4 ” S 52 ° 50 ’ 14.3 ” W], 10. XII. 2011, R. Francisco leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 39627); Triunfo, Parque COPESUL de Proteção Ambiental [29 ° 51 ’ 57.7 ” S 51 ° 21 ’ 54.9 ” W], 02. VI. 2008, M. A. L. Marques leg., 1 ♂ (MCN 44133). PARAGUAY, Ñeembucú, Military base, Ciudad de Pilar, roadside [26 ° 51 ’ 12.4 ” S 58 ° 17 ’ 45.4 ” W], 28. I – 16. II. 2020, R. Wyer and B. Pett leg., 2 ♂ (MNHP CIPLT – Ar 1 – 1 – 140), collected with pitfall trap; 16. XII. 2019, ditto, 1 ♀ (MNHP CIPLT – Ar 1 – 1 – 141); 28. I – 16 – II. 2020, same collector, 1 ♀ (MNHP CIPLT – Ar 1 – 1 – 142).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE84C236EAE58ECFCCD04EC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Bolivia [Santa Cruz (Galiano 1970)], Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul), Paraguay [Ñeembucú (Galiano 1970)] and Argentina [Misiones (Pett et al. 2021)] (Figs 52 A – B). Natural history. This species is found in the Chacoan subregion and at the limit of the Brazilian subregion (Figs 52 A – B). It is sympatric with T. melanica in the Chacoan subregion (Figs 52 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 8 – 669 m a. s. l. (Figs 52 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE64C2D6EAE5E1AFB7004B4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males can be recognized by the pointed cymbium, the embolus of left palp originating at about 9 o’clock position, the tegulum with a middle-central C-shaped constriction, and the shorter and sclerotized embolus, usually without globose tegular membranous process (Figs 4 D, 6 G – I, 33 C, 36 C, 40 C). Females have posterior-ventral border between the copulatory opening and posteriorly-opening coupling pocket, and the second loop of copulatory ducts in medial-dorsal epigynum (Figs 5 B – D, 7 K – O, 34 C, 35 C, 37 C, 39 C, 41 C, 42 C).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE64C2D6EAE5E1AFB7004B4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Bahia, São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Durazno, Maldonado, Montevideo, Río Negro, Rocha, Salto, Treinta y Tres) and Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Salta and Santiago del Estero) (Figs 53 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE64C2D6EAE5E1AFB7004B4.taxon	discussion	Natural history. These species are associated with soil, under rocks. This species group is associated with the Chacoan subregion, including formations of Mixed Ombrophilous Forest, and few records in the South American Transitional Zone, but not exceeding it (Figs 53 A – B). At least in the Chacoan subregion, the species live in sympatry, and only T. gertschi occurs more expansively, toward the Northeast of Brazil (Figs 53 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species group is 8 – 1013 m a. s. l. (Figs 53 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE74C2F6EAE59A1FD8C0628.taxon	description	Figs 4 D, 6 G – I, 7 K, 32 A – D, 33 A – D, 34 A – D, 43 B, 53 A – C Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 0 FB 4 A 76 - 4 FA 8 - 41 F 6 - BE 8 F-A 8156 E 56 F 27 B	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE74C2F6EAE59A1FD8C0628.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella serrana resemble other males of serrana group, by the embolus of left palp originating at about 9 ’ clock position, but can be recognized by the C-shaped tegulum and the cradle-shaped conductor (Fig. 33 C). Females are similar to those of T. legalissima Marta & Hagopián, sp. nov. by the copulatory opening in the medial ventral plate of the epigynum, facing up, and the large posterior border of the epigynum (Figs 7 K vs 7 L, 34 C – D vs 35 C – D, see arrow), but can be recognized by the medial-posterior insertion of the spermathecae (Figs 7 K, 34 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE74C2F6EAE59A1FD8C0628.taxon	description	Description. See Galiano (1970). We add the following complimentary data: Palp expanded (Figs 6 G – I): bulb turned 30 º, and pars pendula not visible (Figs 6 G – I), conductor involved in the embolus movement (Figs 6 G – I). Basal haematodocha well-developed (Figs 6 G – I).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE74C2F6EAE59A1FD8C0628.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul, Cambará do Sul [29 ° 03 ’ 07.9 ” S 50 ° 08 ’ 49.1 ” W], X. 2004, M. V. Petry. leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 31126); ditto, V. 2005, 1 ♂ (MCTP 31131); Itaimbezinho [29 ° 10 ’ 09.0 ” S 50 ° 05 ’ 52.8 ” W], 13. X. 1976, C. Becker leg., 1 ♀ (MCN 4700); Cerrito [31 ° 51 ’ 16.8 ” S 52 ° 48 ’ 59.0 ” W], 06. III. 2008, J. Rosado leg., 1 ♂ (MCN 46708); Dom Feliciano, Fazenda Chapada [30 ° 37 ’ 15.2 ” S 52 ° 12 ’ 31.5 ” W], 18 – 19. III. 2000, A. Bonaldo leg., 1 ♀ (MCN 32224); Esmeralda, Estação Ecológica do Aracuri [28 ° 13 ’ 29.6 ” S 51 ° 10 ’ 02.3 ” W], 27. IX. 1979, C. Becker leg., 1 ♀ (MCN 8590); Guaíba [30 ° 08 ’ 14.5 ” S 51 ° 22 ’ 28.6 ” W], 02. XII. 1995, A. A. Lise leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 12173); Santana do Livramento, Fazenda do Açude [30 ° 53 ’ 21.7 ” S 55 ° 31 ’ 12.8 ” W], 24. XI. 2015, G. Silva & R. Ott leg., 1 ♀ (MCN 53378); Fazenda Rincão dos Moraes [30 ° 52 ’ 20.9 ” S 55 ° 31 ’ 53.3 ” W], 30. XI. 2013, Equipe PEDL leg., 1 ♀ (MCN 53377). URUGUAY, Cerro Largo, Rincón de Paiva [32 ° 9 ’ 46.54 ” S 53 ° 44 ’ 53.66 ” W], IV. 2012, Y. Hernandéz leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 4556); Paso Centurión [32 ° 8 ’ 1.89 ” S 53 ° 43 ’ 57.31 ” W], 13 – 16. IV. 2017, PAIE leg., on rocks, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 8121); ditto, 30. VII. 2016, A. Laborda leg., 2 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9550); Durazno, Camping El Sauzal [33 ° 21 ’ 56.86 ” S 56 ° 31 ’ 1.10 ” W], 16. V. 2019, no collector, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 6684); Montevideo, Facultad de Veterinaria [34 ° 53 ’ 49.55 ” S 56 ° 8 ’ 22.98 ” W], 04. III. 2014, M. Trillo leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 6803); Río Negro 40 ° 41 ’ 33.2 ” S 66 ° 38 ’ 09.5 ” W], I. 1959, P. San – Martin leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42278); Ruta 24 Km 85, Estancia “ Las Cadenas ” [32 ° 31 ’ 39.1 ” S 58 ° 02 ’ 15.4 ” W], 04. I. 2021, A. Mailhos leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 11149); Rocha, 12 Km from Castillos [34 ° 5 ’ 39.01 ” S 53 ° 52 ’ 17.98 ” W], 06. IV. 2017, A. Laborda leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9538); Salto, Arerunguá, Estancia “ Los Venados ” [31 ° 43 ’ 65.32 ” S 56 ° 44 ’ 12.13 ” W], III. 2011, A. Laborda leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 2326); ditto, 16. IV. 2012, 3 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9445); ditto, 22. XI. 2011, 3 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9453); ditto, 16. II. 2012, 3 ♂ (FCE-Ar 9459); ditto, 08. IX. 2010, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9460), all manually collected; Estancia de Arrieta, Naciente del Río Arapey [31 ° 9 ’ 1.39 ” S 56 ° 52 ’ 23.58 ” W], 1996, A. Bentos leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9286); Treinta y Tres, Quebrada de los Cuervos C [32 ° 55 ’ 35.01 ” S 54 ° 27 ’ 36.68 ” W], IV. 1990, Sección Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias leg., 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 4696); ditto, VII. 1990, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 4702); ditto, II. 1990, 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 4705); Quebrada de los Cuervos [32 ° 55 ’ 33.33 ” S 54 ° 27 ’ 31.10 ” W], 13 – 14 – IV. 1990, Sección Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias leg., 1 ♂ (FCE-Ar 6740). ARGENTINA, Buenos Aires, Abra de la Ventana [38 ° 04 ’ 16.8 ” S 61 ° 59 ’ 36.9 ” W], 15. I. 1970, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42279); ditto, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42280); Tandil, Rio de la Cascata [37 ° 21 ’ 50.1 ” S 59 ° 05 ’ 54.7 ” W], 1973, Cesari leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42253); Delta, Tigre [34 ° 25 ’ 31.2 ” S 58 ° 34 ’ 45.7 ” W], X. 1940, J. M. Viana leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42275); Cerro Negro [30 ° 42 ’ 16.9 ” S 64 ° 20 ’ 06.9 ” W], 09. VIII. 1972, Cesari leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42259); Magdalena [35 ° 04 ’ 51.2 ” S 57 ° 31 ’ 04.8 ” W], 07. II. 1982, P. Goloboff & M. Ramírez leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42260); Sierra de La Ventana [38 ° 08 ’ 21.6 ” S 61 ° 47 ’ 38.8 ” W], I. 1984, G. Coutorier leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42249); ditto, 02. XI. 1972, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42251); ditto, 02. XI. 1974, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42252); ditto, II. 1985, M. Miranda leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42261); ditto, 22 – 29. XII. 1991, A. Peretti leg., 6 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42262); ditto, XII. 1971, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42263); ditto, I. 1970, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42264); ditto, II. 1970, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42265); ditto, X. 1970, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42266); 20. IX. – 03. X. 1972, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42267); ditto, II. 1972, Cesari leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42269); Sierra de Olavarría [36 ° 56 ’ 22.0 ” S 60 ° 09 ’ 30.6 ” W], 03.06. XII. 1992, M. Ramírez leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42254); Córdoba, Calamuchita [32 ° 10 ’ 31.8 ” S 64 ° 36 ’ 04.5 ” W], 1958, J. M. Viana leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42271); ditto, I. 1955, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 65 ° 01 ’ 01.5 ” W], 15. XI. 1984, M. Miranda leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42257); Vila Ciudad de America [31 ° 47 ’ 38.4 ” S 64 ° 30 ’ 12.8 ” W], 04. IV. 1985, E. Maury leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42270). Santiago del Estero [27 ° 47 ’ 01.5 ” S 64 ° 15 ’ 51.0 ” W], IV. 1985, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACNAr 42268); ditto, 14 ♂ 12 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42277); ditto, 03. IV. 1985, 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 1148); Ojo d’Agua [32 ° 19 ’ 19.7 ” S 63 ° 34 ’ 11.8 ” W], IV. 1985, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42274); ditto, 12. IV. 1974, Cesari leg., 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42274); ditto, II. 1985, M. Miranda leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42250); dito, IV. 1985, M. E. Galiano leg., 1 ♂ (MACNAr 42256); ditto, 02. IV. 1985, 1 ♂ (MACN-Ar 42258). Salta [24 ° 46 ’ 52.0 ” S 65 ° 25 ’ 19.4 ” W], XII. 1954, M. Birabén leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 42255); Departamento Lerma [24 ° 48 ’ 01.2 ” S 65 ° 24 ’ 27.7 ” W], V. 1933, J. B. Daguerre leg., 1 ♀ (MACN-Ar 33476).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE74C2F6EAE59A1FD8C0628.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Durazno, Montevideo, Río Negro, Rocha, Salto, Treinta y Tres), and Argentina (Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Salta and Santiago del Estero) (Figs 53 A – B). Natural history. Some individuals from Sierra de La Ventana, Buenos Aires, were collected under rocks. The subadult males resemble females in coloration. Only in the last instars do they acquire the characteristics of adult males (Galiano 1970). Some individuals from Uruguay were collected on and under rocks, and one female was found with a larva of Dicromantispa gracilis (Erichson, 1839) (Neuroptera: Mantispidae: Mantispinae) attached to its pedicel (Hagopián & Laborda 2020) on rocks. Found in the Chacoan subregion, with a few records in the South American Transitional Zone, but not exceeding it (Figs 53 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 8 – 1013 m a. s. l. (Figs 53 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE24C2A6EAE5E1BFCCD07CC.taxon	description	Figs 7 L, 32 E – F, 35 A – D, 53 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8 D 262 BB 2 - 8723 - 49 C 4 - 8279 - A 22 D 75 C 5 B 03 A	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE24C2A6EAE5E1BFCCD07CC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: ♀ (IBSP 118228), BRAZIL, Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Parque Municipal das Nascentes do Ribeirão Garcia [26 ° 55 ’ 23.8 ” S 49 ° 03 ’ 27.6 ” W], 18. V. 2004 – 28. II. 2005, R. C. Francisco leg. Paratypes: 1 ♀ (IBSP 118217) same data as holotype; 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 9066), URUGUAY, Cerro Largo, Paso Centurión, Aduana [32 ° 08 ’ 01.9 ” S 53 ° 43 ’ 57.3 ” W], 13 – 16. IV. 2017, D. Hagopián leg. Other material examined. BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, Potreiro Velho [29 ° 28 ’ 50.5 ” S 50 ° 10 ’ 28.0 ” W], 24. IV. 2006, A. A. Lise leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 35720). URUGUAY, Maldonado, Sierra del Carapé [34 ° 31 ’ 41.0 ” S 54 ° 58 ’ 09.0 ” W], 21. X. 2019, collected under rock, 1 ♀ (FCE-Ar 12155).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE24C2A6EAE5E1BFCCD07CC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name means “ very cool ” in Portuguese, a comment frequently made by the authors of this species whenever they find new species of jumping spiders. Noun in apposition.	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE24C2A6EAE5E1BFCCD07CC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Tullgrenella legalissima Marta & Hagopián sp. nov. resembles T. serrana, T. aisenbergae Marta sp. nov., and T. sciosciae Marta & Bustamante sp. nov. by the C-shaped initial copulatory ducts (Figs 7 K – N), but can be distinguished from T. aisenbergae Marta sp. nov. by the sclerotized, posterior-ventral space between copulatory opening and posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 7 L vs 7 M, 35 C – D vs 37 C – D). It can also be recognized from aforementioned congeners by the ovoid spermathecae (Figs 7 L, 35 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE24C2A6EAE5E1BFCCD07CC.taxon	description	Description. Male. Unknown. Female (FCE-Ar 12155). Total length 6.10. Carapace length 2.80; width 1.95; height 1.12. Cephalic region length 1.65; thoracic region length 1.15. Ocular area length 1.11; Anterior eyes row 1.50 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.50 wide; Distance ALE – PME 0.35; PME – PLE 0.30. Ocular diameter AME 0.45; ALE 0.24; PME 0.09; PLE 0.21. Clypeus height 0.15. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.75; 0.50 wide; Fang 0.31 length. Endites length 0.50; 0.45 wide. Labium length 0.21; 0.40 wide. Sternum length 1.09; 0.70 wide. Abdomen length 3.31; 2.05 wide, height 1.75. Legs, femur length I: 1.31; II: 1.23; III: 1.21; IV: 1.45; patella I: 0.85; II: 0.81; III: 0.71; IV: 0.72; tibia I: 0.75; II: 0.65; III: 0.73; IV: 1.11; metatarsus I: 0.60; II: 0.50; III: 0.71; IV: 1.20; tarsus I: 0.45; II: 0.40; III: 0.50; IV: 0.81. Formula legs: 4132. Palp, length of femur 0.70, patella 0.39, tibia 0.30, tarsus 0.45. Legs macrosetae, femur I – II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; III – IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 0 – 1 – 2 di, r 0 – 1 – 2 di. Patella I – II: 0; III – IV: p 1, r 1. Tibia I: v 2 – 2 – 2, p 1 subdi; II: v 1 r – 1 – 2, p 1 di; III: v 2 di p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1; IV: v 0 – 1 p – 2 di, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1. Metatarsus I: v 0 – 2 – 2; II: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 di; III: v 0 – 1 – 2, p 1 di, r 1 di, d 0 – 2 – 2; IV: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 di, r 1 di, d 2 – 2 – 2. Carapace and abdomen as in genus (Figs 35 A – B). Spinnerets: coloration as abdomen’s dorsum (Figs 35 A – B). Epigynum: copulatory opening posterior-medial into a fillet that widens posteriorly forming pockets near a short pCP (Figs 7 L, 35 C – D). Copulatory ducts arranged in one monoplanar spiral, C-shaped, with one medial-dorsal thinner twist right before reaching the spermathecae (Figs 7 L, 35 D). Spermathecae ovoid, with the base of fertilization ducts placed on the anterior / dorsal surface (Figs 7 L, 35 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE24C2A6EAE5E1BFCCD07CC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) and Uruguay (Cerro Largo and Maldonado) (Figs 53 A – B). Natural history. Some individuals were collected under rocks in Uruguay. This suggests that this species inhabits a soil habitat. It is found only in the East of the Chacoan subregion (Figs 53 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 8 – 908 m a. s. l. (Figs 53 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE04C346EAE5B39FD8C04B4.taxon	description	Figs 5 B, 7 M, 36 A – D, 37 A – D, 43 D, 53 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 26 A 1 ABE 9 – 2 F 4 C- 491 A- 807 A- 3 BA 607576 D 6 A	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE04C346EAE5B39FD8C04B4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: ♂ (IBSP 123130), BRAZIL, São Paulo, Itirapina [22 ° 15 ’ 26.3 ” S 47 ° 49 ’ 42.3 ” W], 2001, R. Bertim leg. Paratypes: 1 ♀ (IBSP 123126), same data as holotype; 1 ♀ (MCN 6348), Rio Grande do Sul, Passo Fundo [28 ° 17 ’ 11.7 ” S 52 ° 25 ’ 10.7 ” W], 25. II. 1977, A. A. Lise leg. Other material examined. BRAZIL, São Paulo, Itirapina [22 ° 15 ’ 26.3 ” S 47 ° 49 ’ 42.3 ” W], 2001, R. Bertim leg., 1 ♀ (IBSP 123129); Rio Grande do Sul, Eldorado do Sul [30 ° 06 ’ 10.3 ” S 51 ° 39 ’ 00.7 ” W], 01 – 11. V. 1996, G. Carvalho & R. Silva leg., 1 ♂ (MCTP 12596); 01. XI. 1996, 1 ♂ (MCTP 12575).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE04C346EAE5B39FD8C04B4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name honors the Uruguayan arachnologist Anita Aisenberg, who encouraged women to continue fighting gender bias, and for her leadership in organizing the 22 nd International Congress of Arachnology, Montevideo, Uruguay.	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE04C346EAE5B39FD8C04B4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella aisenbergae Marta, sp. nov. resemble those of T. sciosciae Marta & Bustamante, sp. nov. and T. serrana by the pointed cymbium (Figs 4 E vs 5 C, 36 C – D vs 33 C – D, 38 C – D), and the embolus of left palp originating at about 9 ’ clock position, but can be distinguished from them by the pointed-down proximal retrolateral lobe of tegulum, longer conductor up to the spermophore, and the longer tegular membranous process, accompanying more than half of embolus length (Figs 36 C – D). Females of T. aisenbergae Marta, sp. nov. resemble those of T. sciosciae Marta & Bustamante, sp. nov. by the C-shaped copulatory opening facing up in the medial epigynum plate (Figs 37 C vs 39 C), but can be distinguished from them by the longer and sclerotized copulatory ducts (Figs 7 M vs 7 O, 37 C – D) and the posteriorly-opening coupling pocket longer than wide (Figs 7 M, 37 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE04C346EAE5B39FD8C04B4.taxon	description	Description. Male (IBSP 123130). Total length 5.25. Carapace length 2.50; width 1.83; height 1.00 Cephalic region length 1.25; thoracic region length 1.25. Ocular area length 1.50; Anterior eyes row 1.42 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.42 wide; Distance ALE – PME 0.18; PME – PLE 0.18. Ocular diameter AME 0.42; ALE 0.25; PME 0.06; PLE 0.15. Clypeus height 0.12. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.96; 0.48 wide; Fang 0.39 length. Endites length 0.49; 0.33 wide. Labium length 0.22; 0.29 wide. Sternum length 1.02; 0.53 wide. Abdomen length 1.92; 1.42 wide, height 0.83. Legs, femur length I: 1.66; II: 1.25; III: 1.35; IV: 1.75; patella I: 0.83; II: 0.50; III: 0.50; IV: 0.75; tibia I: 1.41; II: 0.85; III: 0.65; IV: 1.30; metatarsus I: 1.00; II: 0.75; III: 1.15; IV: 1.55; tarsus I: 0.58; II: 0.50; III: 0.55; IV: 0.7. Formula legs: 4132. Palp, length of femur 0.60, patella 0.15, tibia 0.30, cymbium 0.81. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 1; III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 0 – 1 – 2, r 0 – 1 – 2; IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 2 di. Patella I – II: p 1; III – IV: p 1, r 1; Tibia I: v 2 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 0 – 1; II: v 1 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 0 – 1; III: p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1, v 0 – 1 – 2; IV: d 2, v 0 – 1 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1 metatarsus I – II: v 0 – 2 – 2; III: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1; IV: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1 di, r 1 – 1 – 1 di. Palp macrosetae, femur: d 1 – 1 – 1. Carapace as in genus (Fig. 36 A – B). Legs, femora I – II all brown, III – IV with annuli brown; patella, metatarsus, and tarsus yellow (Figs 36 A – B). Abdomen as in genus. Palp, femur brown, with reduced ventral basal protuberance. Retrolateral tibial apophysis sclerotized, acute, not exceeding the ventral tegulum (Fig. 36 D). Tegulum C-shaped, perpendicular to cymbium distal apex, conical pRL facing down (Fig. 36 C) and with the basal portion with spermophore in one inverted U-shaped loop in the medial-ventral bulb (Fig. 36 C). Embolar base projected dorsoprolaterally. Embolus thin, sclerotized, and slightly curved at the apex (9 o’clock), not exceeding the cymbium apex (Fig. 36 C). Two projections on the embolus: a pars pendula, a large conductor with 2 / 3 of embolus length, dorsal and prolateral to the spermophore (Figs 36 C – D), tegular membranous process longer and not globose (Fig. 36 C, see purple arrow). Female (MCN 6248). Total length 8.25. Carapace length 3.00; width 2.42; height 1.67. Cephalic region length 2.17; thoracic region length 0.83. Ocular area length 1.25; Anterior eyes row 1.92 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.75 wide; Distance ALE – PME 0.39; PME – PLE 0.35. Ocular diameter AME 0.50; ALE 0.33; PME 0.08; PLE 0.20. Clypeus height 0.40. Chelicerae, paturon length 1.15; 0.50 wide; Fang 0.45 length. Endites length 0.60; 0.50 wide. Labium length 0.50; 0.50 wide. Sternum length 1.25; 0.80 wide. Abdomen length 5.42; 3.08 wide, height 3.33. Legs, femur length I: 1.81; II: 1.56; III: 2.00; IV: 2.18; patella I: 1.18; II: 0.93; III: 0.93; IV: 1.00; tibia I: 1.18; II: 0.93; III: 1.06; IV: 1.75; metatarsus I: 0.93; II: 0.81; III: 1.25; IV: 1.87; tarsus I: 0.62; II: 0.62; III: 0.62; IV: 0.62. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length of femur 0.93, patella 0.31, tibia 0.37, tarsus 0.50. Legs macrosetae, femur I – II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; III – IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 di, r 2 di. Patella I – II: 0; III – IV: p 1, r 1. Tibia I: v 2 – 2 – 2, p 1 subdi; II: v 2 – 2; III: p 2, r 2, v 0 – 1 – 2; IV: d 2, v 0 – 1 – 1, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1. Metatarsus I – II: v 0 – 2 – 2; III: v 0 – 1 – 2, p 2 di, r 2 di, d 2; IV: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1 di, r 2 di, 2 d. Carapace as in genus (Figs 37 A – B). Legs lighter brown and yellow. Palp yellow with dark spots on dorsum of sclerites. Abdomen: dorsum lighter brown, with yellow spots medially, and white spots proximal to posterior abdomen, venter yellow (Figs 37 A – B). Spinnerets as in genus (Figs 37 A – B). Epigynum: copulatory opening into a fillet, posterior-medial (Figs 5 B, 7 M, 37 C). Copulatory ducts arranged in one monoplanar spiral, C-shaped, with one medial-dorsal loop and anteriorly arranged in the spermathecae (Figs 7 M, 37 C – D). Spermathecae circular, with the base of fertilization ducts placed on anterior / dorsal surface, separated by longer posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 7 M, 36 C). Fertilization ducts extended anteriorly to the sides (Figs 7 M, 37 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFE04C346EAE5B39FD8C04B4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul) (Figs 53 A – B). Natural history. Found in the Chacoan subregion (Figs 53 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 97 – 735 m a. s. l. (Figs 53 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFF4C376EAE58ECFD36019C.taxon	description	Figs 5 C, 7 O, 38 A – D, 39 A – D, 53 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 930 D 9254 - 41 C 8 - 4 DEB- 8 BDD-B 875 D 91 FD 1 F 9	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFF4C376EAE58ECFD36019C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: ♂, BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul, Cambará do Sul [29 ° 04 ’ 43.0 ” S 50 ° 09 ’ 01.6 ” W], IX. 2006, M. V. Petry leg. (MCTP 31075). Paratypes: 1 ♀, same as holotype (MCTP 31128); 1 ♀, ditto, VIII. 2005 (MCTP 31133); 1 ♂, ditto, I. 2005 (MCTP 31134). Other material examined. BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul, Cambará do Sul [29 ° 04 ’ 43.0 ” S 50 ° 09 ’ 01.6 ” W], X. 2005, M. V. Petry leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 31135); ditto, IV. 2006, 1 ♂ (MCTP 31141); ditto, I. 2005, 1 ♂ (MCTP 31128); São Francisco de Paula [29 ° 28 ’ 50.4 ” S 50 ° 10 ’ 28.2 ” W], 24. X. 1996, R. Ott leg., 1 ♂ (MCTP 10652).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFF4C376EAE58ECFD36019C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name honors the Argentinean arachnologist Cristina L. Scioscia, who currently serves as a member of the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature and is the woman arachnologist specializing in the jumping spiders of Latin America. With this, we recognize her importance, through her kindness and endless encouragement, in our careers as jumping spider systematists.	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFF4C376EAE58ECFD36019C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tulgrenella sciosciae Marta & Bustamante, sp. nov. resemble those of T. aisenbergae Marta, sp. nov. (Figs 4 E, 38 C – D vs 36 C – D), by the short embolus not exceeding the cymbium apex and the triangular tegulum, but can be distinguished from them by the tegular membranous process shorter and overlapping the embolar base (Fig. 38 C, see purple arrow), and the larger conductor without borders (Fig. 38 C). Females are similar to those of T. aisenbergae Marta, sp. nov. by the medial-ventral copulatory opening facing up and the circular medial-dorsal spermathecae (Figs 5 C, 7 O vs 7 M, 39 D vs 37 D), but can be distinguished from them by the smaller and strict anterior-dorsal loop of the copulatory ducts (Figs 7 O, 39 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFF4C376EAE58ECFD36019C.taxon	description	Description. Male (MCTP 31075). Total length 4.75. Carapace length 2.50; width 1.65; height 1.25. Cephalic region length 1.25; thoracic region length 1.25. Ocular area length: 0.62; Anterior eyes row: 1.25 wide; Posterior eyes row: 1.35 wide; Distance ALE – PME 0.19; PME – PLE 0.19. Ocular diameter AME 0.35; ALE 0.20; PME 0.08; PLE 0.19. Clypeus height 0.15. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.60; 0.30 wide; Fang 0.35 length. Endites length 0.36; 0.30 wide. Labium length 0.21; 0.21 wide. Sternum length 1.09; 0.60 wide. Abdomen length 2.25; 1.10 wide, height 0.75. Legs, femur length I: 1.28; II: 1.00; III: 1.44; IV: 1.51; patella I: 0.60; II: 0.72; III: 0.68; IV: 0.60; tibia I: 0.72; II: 0.70; III: 0.80; IV: 0.78; metatarsus I: 0.60; II: 0.50; III: 0.80; IV: 0.60; tarsus I: 0.40; II: 0.35; III: 0.48; IV: 0.51. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length of femur 0.75, patella 0.24, tibia 0.28, cymbium 0.72. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 0 – 1 – 2; III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 0 – 1 – 2, r 0 – 1 – 2 di; IV: without. Patella I – II: p 1; III – IV: p 1, r 1. Tibia I: 2 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 0 – 1; II: v 1 – 1 – 2, p 1, r 1; III: d 1 – 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1; v 4 IV: without. Metatarsus I: v 0 – 2 – 2; II: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 0 – 1 – 1; III: d 1 – 1 – 1 – 1, v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1 di, r 1 – 1 – 1 di; IV: without. Palp macrosetae, femur: d 1 – 1 – 1 – 1. Carapace as in genus (Figs 36 A – B). Abdomen and spinnerets as in genus (Figs 38 A – B). Legs yellow and patella, metatarsus, and tarsus with brown spots. Tibia with retrolateral apophysis sclerotized, acute, not exceeding the ventral tegulum (Figs 38 C – D). Tegulum oblique to cymbium distal apex, longer than wide, with rounded proximal retrolateral lobe of tegulum facing down (Fig. 38 C). Middle tegulum with central depression with groove (Fig. 38 C). Embolar base projecting dorso-prolaterally. Embolus thin, sclerotized and slightly curved (9 o’clock), not exceeding cymbium apex (Fig. 38 C). Projections on the embolus, a large conductor, without borders, about half of embolus length, dorsal and prolateral to spermophore, and tegular membranous process up to embolar base (Fig. 38 C, see purple arrow). Female (MCTP 31133). Total length 6.08. Carapace length 2.58; width 1.83; height 1.25. Cephalic region length 1.58; thoracic region length 1.00. Ocular area length 1.00; Anterior eyes row 1.50 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.50 wide. Distance ALE – PME 0.20; PME – PLE 0.28. Ocular diameter AME 0.42; ALE 0.25; PME 0.06; PLE 0.16. Clypeus height 0.20. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.88; 0.33 wide; Fang 0.31 length. Endites length 0.41; 0.37 wide. Labium length 0.29, 0.39 wide. Sternum length 1.08, 0.78 wide. Abdomen length 2.92; 1.83 wide; height 1.67. Length femur I: 1.40; II: 1.32; III: 1.44; IV: 1.84. Patella I: 0.84; II: 0.80; III: 0.64; IV: 0.80. Tibia I: 0.92; II: 0.68; III: 0.80; IV: 1.20. Metatarsus I: 0.40; II: 0.56; III: 0.80; IV: 1.40. Tarsus I: 0.40; II: 0.40; III: 0.60; IV: 0.60. Formula legs: 4312. Palp, length femur 0.80; patella 0.36; tibia 0.36; tarsus 0.60. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 2 di; IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 di, r 1 di. Patella I – II: 0; III – IV: p 1, r 1. Tibia I: v 2 – 2 – 2, p 1 subdi; II: v 1 – 1 – 2, p 1; III: d 1, p 2, r 2, v – 0 – 1 – 2; IV: d 1, v 0 – 1 – 2, p 2, r 2, metatarsus I – II: v 0 – 2 – 2; III – IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, v 4, p 4 di. Carapace as in genus (Figs 39 A – B). Legs lighter brown and yellow. Palp yellow with dark spots on dorsum of sclerites. Abdomen: dorsum greyish – brown, with white spots near posterior abdomen, ventrally and sides as in male (Figs 39 A – B). Abdomen and spinnerets as in the genus (Figs 39 A – B). Epigynum with septum, copulatory opening arranged laterally to the borders of the epigynum (Fig. 39 C), separated by the rounded posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (5 C, 7 O, 39 C – D). Copulatory ducts arranged in one monoplanar spiral (Figs 5 C, 7 O, 39 C – D). The first turn large, C-shaped, with a lap on the anteromedial region, the subsequent one dorsal and anterior to the spermathecae (Fig. 7 O). Spermathecae circular, positioned in the medial part of the epigynum, with the base of fertilization ducts placed on anterior / dorsal surface. Fertilization ducts extended anteriorly to the sides (Figs 7 O, 39 D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFF4C376EAE58ECFD36019C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) (Figs 53 A – B). Natural history. Found only in the Chacoan subregion (Figs 53 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 908 – 1006 m a. s. l. (Figs 53 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFD4C326EAE5C89FBDB04EC.taxon	description	Figs 5 D, 40 A – D, 41 A – D, 53 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 49 F 90 DF-AAC 0 - 46 C 3 - B 083 - 49 CD 40 C 9862 A	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFD4C326EAE5C89FBDB04EC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: ♂, BRAZIL, Bahia, Salvador, Jardim Botânico de Salvador [12 ° 55 ’ 46.3 ” S 38 ° 26 ’ 05.0 ” W], 22. II. 2007, I. Daniel leg. (IBSP 118546). Paratypes: 1 ♀, ditto (IBSP 118477); 1 ♀, São Paulo, Vargem Grande do Sul [21 ° 51 ’ 39.2 ” S 46 ° 52 ’ 06.2 ” W], VII. 2007, G. Perroni leg. (IBSP 88189). Other material examined. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais, Coromandel [18 ° 25 ’ 56.3 ” S 47 ° 12 ’ 31.7 ” W], Lago Rosenval, 13. V. 2001, R. Gallon leg., 1 ♀ (IBSP 28577); São Paulo, São Paulo, Campus da USP [23 ° 33 ’ 49.8 ” S 46 ° 43 ’ 50.0 ” W], IV. 2008, G. Ruiz leg., 1 ♀ (IBSP 213854).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFD4C326EAE5C89FBDB04EC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name honors the Argentinean arachnologist Maria Elena Galiano, who contributed for a long time to the research of salticids and was the first researcher to revise the genus Tullgrenella.	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFD4C326EAE5C89FBDB04EC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella galianoae Marta, sp. nov. resemble those of T. serrana by the embolus of left palp originating at about 9 o’clock position, but can be distinguished from them by the perpendicular tegulum, in relation to the cymbium apex, and the slender conductor (Fig. 40 C). Females resemble those of T. gertschi by the posterior copulatory opening facing the lateral border of the epigynum (Figs 5 D, 41 C – D vs 7 N), but can be distinguished from them by the ventral short copulatory ducts overlapping the spermathecae (Figs 41 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFD4C326EAE5C89FBDB04EC.taxon	description	Description. Male (IBSP 118546). Total length 3.75. Carapace length 1.50; width 1.40; height 0.72; cephalic region length 1.13; thoracic region length 0.24. Ocular area length 0.99; Anterior eyes row 1.10 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.10 wide; Distance ALE – PME 0.16; PME – PLE 0.19. Ocular diameter AME 0.28; ALE 0.16; PME 0.07; PLE 0.14. Clypeus height 0.16. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.53; 0.28 wide; Fang 0.24 length. Endites length 0.24; 0.36 wide. Labium length 0.19; 0.24 wide. Sternum length 0.96; 0.60 wide. Abdomen length 1.66; 1.06 wide, height 0.78. Legs, femur length I: 1.00; II: 0.98; III: 1.17; IV: 1.37; patella I: 0.75; II: 0.29; III: 0.39; IV: 0.52; tibia I: 0.85; II: 0.68; III: 0.78; IV: 1.03; metatarsus I: 0.48; II: 0.58; III: 0.88; IV: 1.17; tarsus I: 0.48; II: 0.49; III: 0.43; IV: 0.48. Formula legs: 4321. Palp, length of femur 0.55, patella 0.15, tibia 0.19, cymbium 0.43. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 di; III – IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 1 di. Patella I – II: pr 1; III – IV: pr 1, r 1. Tibia I: v 2 – 2 – 2, pr 1 sdi; II: v 2 – 2 – 2, pr 2 (1 – 0 – 1); III: pr 1 – 1 – 1 di, v 1 – 2, r 1 – 1 – 1; IV: pr 1 – 1 – 1 di, v 0 – 1 – 2, r 1 – 1 – 1 di, d 2 di. Metatarsus I – II: v 2 – 2; III – IV: pv 2 – 2, pr 1 – 1 – 1 di, r 1 – 1 – 1 di, d 2 di. Palp macrosetae, femur: d 1 – 1 – 1. Carapace as in genus (Figs 40 A – B). Legs yellow, femur leg I brown. Palp femur brown. The tibia has a retrolateral apophysis sclerotized, hook-shaped, not exceeding the ventral tegulum (Fig. 40 D). Tegulum perpendicular to cymbium distal apex, longer than wide, with rounded proximal retrolateral lobe of tegulum facing down. Middle of tegulum with central depression with groove (Fig. 40 C, see red arrow). Abdomen brown, with brown scutum (Fig. 40 A) and two circular white spots on the posterior region near the spinnerets. Spinnerets, lateral brown as abdomen, median yellow (Figs 40 A – B). Embolar base projecting dorso-prolaterally, sclerotized. Embolus thin, sclerotized, and slightly curved (9 o’clock), not exceeding the cymbium apex (Fig. 40 C). Projections accompany the embolus, pars pendula 3 / 4 of embolus length, slender conductor retrolateral to embolus, cradle-shaped, dorsal and prolateral to spermophore (Fig. 40 C). Female (IBSP 118477). Total length 5.00. Carapace length 2.25; width 1.60; height 1.25; cephalic region length 1.25; thoracic region length 1.00. Ocular area length 0.87; Anterior eyes row 1.35 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.35 wide; distance ALE – PME 0.09; PME – PLE 0.23. Ocular diameter AME 0.35; ALE 0.21; PME 0.05; PLE 0.19. Clypeus height 0.24. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.60; 0.36 wide; Fang: 0.26 length. Endites length 0.36; 0.36 wide. Labium length 0.24; 0.36 wide. Sternum length 0.97; 0.65 wide. Abdomen length 2.85; 1.60 wide, height 1.00. Legs, femur length I: 0.80; II: 0.97; III: 1.09; IV: 1.07; patella I: 0.73; II: 0.63; III: 0.53; IV: 0.73; tibia I: 0.85; II: 0.60; III: 0.70; IV: 1.12; metatarsus I: 0.48; II: 0.60; III: 0.60; IV: 1.12; tarsus I: 0.48; II: 0.36; III: 0.48; IV: 0.48. Formula legs: 4321. Palp, length of femur 0.51, patella 0.15, tibia 0.09, tarsus 0.33. Legs macrosetae, femur I: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 1 di; IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 di, r 1 di. Patella I: 0; II: pr 1; III – IV: pr 1, r 1. Tibia I: v 2 – 2 – 2, pr 1 sdi; II: v 1 – 2 – 2, pr 1 di; III: pr 1 – 1 – 1 di, v 1 – 2; IV: pr 1 – 1 – 1 di, v 0 – 1 – 2, r 2 di, metatarsus I – II: v 2 – 2; III – IV: d 2 di, v 2 – 2, pr 2 di, r 2 di. Carapace as in genus (Figs 41 A – B). Abdomen as in genus (Fig. 41 A). Spinnerets as in genus (Figs 41 A – B). Legs lighter brown and yellow. Palp yellow with dark spots on dorsum of sclerites (Fig. 41 B). Epigynum: copulatory opening facing up, arranged laterally to the borders of the epigynum (Figs 5 D, 41 C), separated by the rounded posteriorly-opening coupling pocket (Figs 41 C – D). Copulatory ducts arranged in one monoplane spiral (Figs 41 C – D). The first turn large, C-shaped, and overlapped the spermathecae in ventral view, while the subsequent turn dorsal and anterior to spermathecae. Spermathecae circular, positioned in medial part of epigynum, with base of fertilization ducts placed on anterior / dorsal surface. Fertilization ducts extended anteriorly to the sides (Figs 41 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFFD4C326EAE5C89FBDB04EC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (Bahia, São Paulo and Minas Gerais) (Figs 53 A – B). Natural history. Occurs in the Chacoan subregion, but more to the Northeast of Brazil (Figs 53 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 97 – 912 m a. s. l. (Figs 53 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF84C326EAE5A59FD9A01AC.taxon	description	Figs 7 N, 42 A – D, 53 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 46 D 556 AD- 79 CD- 410 C-BA 14 - C 8 D 8 CAB 0 AD 15 Tullgrenella gertschi Galiano, 1981: 217, figs 4 – 5 (holotype, female, BRAZIL, São Paulo, São Paulo [23 ° 33 ’ 18.8 ” S 46 ° 38 ’ 23.5 ” W], W. J. Moenkhaus leg. (MCZ), not examined; paratype: 1 female, same data as holotype (MCZ), not examined; female, ditto (MACN-Ar 7206), examined).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF84C326EAE5A59FD9A01AC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Tullgrenella gertschi is close to T. galianoae Marta, sp. nov. by the females having the copulatory ducts posterior-ventral facing the borders (Figs 7 N, 42 C – D vs 41 C – D) and copulatory ducts in one lap (Figs 42 C – D v 41 C – D), but T. gertschi can be distinguished from it by the septum in ventral epigynum with two depressions like a window (Fig. 42 C).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF84C326EAE5A59FD9A01AC.taxon	description	Description. See Galiano (1981).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF84C326EAE5A59FD9A01AC.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul, Viamão [30 ° 04 ’ 16.8 ” S 51 ° 05 ’ 40.9 ” W], 05. IV. 1994, R. Balestrin leg., 1 ♀ (MCTP 4848).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF84C326EAE5A59FD9A01AC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Brazil (São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul) (Figs 53 A – B). Natural history. Found only in the Chacoan subregion (Figs 53 A – B). The variation in occurrence of this species is 85 – 7750 m a. s. l. (Figs 53 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF84C326EAE5C99FAD003B4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males can be recognized by the large, longer tegular membranous process higher than the embolar base (Figs 46 C, 48 C, see purple arrow), the ventral border inclination of conductor (Figs 4 F, 46 C – D, 48 C – D) and the pointed RTA (Figs 46 D, 48 D); and females mainly by the posteriorly-opening coupling pocket in a horizontal curly bracket-shape, the shorter copulatory ducts, and the anterior copulatory opening facing upwards (Figs 7 P – Q, 47 C, 49 C).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF84C326EAE5C99FAD003B4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaiso and Aysén) and Argentina (Chubut) (Figs 54 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF84C326EAE5C99FAD003B4.taxon	discussion	Natural history. Found in the north of the Andean region according to the regionalization by Morrone (2014) (Figs 54 A – B). Some individuals were collected in the leaf litter in a forest with the presence of Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Oerst. The variation in altitudinal occurrence of these species is 128 – 530 m a. s. l. (Figs 54 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF74C3F6EAE5ED3FD2802D9.taxon	description	Figs 4 F, 7 P, 45 A – F, 46 A – D, 47 A – D, 54 A – B Zoobank. urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4 ACCE 138 - D 243 - 4 B 15 - 8 ACA- 2 C 3770 EAA 746	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF74C3F6EAE5ED3FD2802D9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella peniaflorensis resemble those of T. selenita mainly by the large, longer tegular membranous process higher than the embolar base (Fig. 46 C, see purple arrow) and the slightly sinuous distal cymbium (Figs 4 F, 46 C – D vs 48 C – D), but can be distinguished by the longer pointed RTA (Fig. 46 D) and the inclination of the ventral border of the conductor (Fig. 46 C). Females resemble those of T. selenita by the posteriorly-opening coupling pocket in a horizontal curly-bracket shape (Figs 7 P vs 7 Q, 47 C – D vs 49 C – D) and the ovoid spermathecae (Figs 7 P vs 7 Q), but can be distinguished by the ventral septum and the few loops of antero-medial portion of copulatory ducts (Figs 7 P, 47 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF74C3F6EAE5ED3FD2802D9.taxon	description	Description. Male (FNAG 36 1455). Total length 5.18. Carapace length 2.30; width 1.92; height 1.34. Cephalic region length 1.53. Ocular area length 1.00; Anterior eyes row 1.66 wide; Posterior eyes row 1.78 wide. Distance ALE – PME 0.19; PME – PLE 0.23. Ocular diameter AME 0.42; ALE 0.23; PME 0.08; PLE 0.19. Clypeus height 0.15. Chelicerae, paturon length 1.00; Fang: 0.38 length. Endites length 0.77; 0.44 wide. Labium length 0.42, 0.42 wide. Sternum length 1.11, 0.85 wide. Abdomen length 2.88; 1.74 wide; height 1.69. Length femur I: 1.84; II: 1.54; III: 1.52; IV: 1.86. Patella I: 1.15; II: 0.90; III: 0.73; IV: 0.86. Tibia I: 1.38; II: 0.85; III: 0.81; IV: 1.27. Metatarsus I: 1.13; II: 0.79; III: 1.08; IV: 1.54. Tarsus I: 0.77; II: 0.58; III: 0.58; IV: 0.61. Formula legs: 1432. Palp, length of femur 0.69, patella 0.24, tibia 0.32, cymbium 0.77. Legs macrosetae, femur I – II: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di, r 0 – 1 – 2 di; IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 di, r 1 di. Patella I – II: p 1 di; III – IV: p 1 di, r 2 di. Tibia I: v 2 – 1 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1; II: p 1 – 0 – 1; III: v 1 – 1 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 2, r 1 – 0 – 2; IV: v 1 – 1 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 2, r 1 – 1 – 2. Metatarsus I – II: v 0 – 2 – 2; III: d 1, v 0 – 2 – 2, p 2 di, r 2 di; IV: d 2, v 0 – 2 – 2, p 2 di, r 2 di. Palp macrosetae, femur: d 1 – 1 – 1. Carapace as in genus (Figs 45 A – F). Legs dark. Abdomen reddish, with an anterior stripe of white scales (Figs 45 – FA) and with two circular white spots on the posterior region near to spinnerets (Fig. 45 A). Spinnerets as in genus (Figs 46 A – B). Palp, femur with reduced ventral basal protuberance. Tibial retrolateral apophysis sclerotized, acute, not exceeding the ventral tegulum (Fig. 46 D). Tegulum oblique to cymbium distal apex, longer than wider, C-shaped, with the short proximal retrolateral lobe of tegulum facing down (Fig. 46 C). Middle tegulum with central depression, with groove (Fig. 46 C, see red arrow). Embolar base projected dorso-prolaterally, tegular membranous process up to embolar base (Fig. 46 C, see purple arrow). Embolus thin, sclerotized, and slightly curved, not exceeding the cymbium apex (Figs 46 C – D). Projections accompany the embolus, a pars pendula about half of embolus length, a conductor cradle-shaped, about half of embolus length, dorsal, and prolateral to spermophore (Fig. 46 C). Female. Described and illustrated by Galiano (1970: 341, 345, figs 51, 56).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF74C3F6EAE5ED3FD2802D9.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. CHILE, Región de Coquimbo, Elqui, Cerro Grande, La Serena (29 ° 56 ’ 37.8 ” S 71 ° 13 ’ 08.2 ” W), 16. VIII. 2003, L. S. Espinoza leg., 1 ♀ (FNAG 36 1455); Región de Valparaíso, Quilpué [33 ° 02 ’ 59.0 ” S 71 ° 26 ’ 28.5 ” W], 1975, R. Calderón leg., 1 ♂ (FNAG 36 1078); ditto, no date, A. Olivares leg. 1 ♂ (FNAG 36 1463); Quilpué-Sector Las Rosas [33 ° 04 ’ 01.6 ” S 71 ° 27 ’ 02.8 ” W], no date, A. Olivares leg. 1 ♂ (FNAG 36 1464).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF74C3F6EAE5ED3FD2802D9.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Chile [Peñaflor (Galiano 1970, Richardson 2010), Coquimbo, Región de Valparaíso (Figs 54 A – B)]. Natural history. Found in the North of the Andean region (Figs 54 A – B). The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 122 – 388 m a. s. l. (Figs 54 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF24C3A6EAE5EECFAFF03A2.taxon	description	Figs 7 Q, 48 A – B, 49 A – B, 54 A – B Zoobank. Urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: FA 9 DD 3 C 0 - 0828 - 43 A 9 - 852 A-A 953 CE 5 CE 194	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF24C3A6EAE5EECFAFF03A2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Males of Tullgrenella selenita resemble those of T. peniaflorensis by the tegular membranous process up than embolar base, but can be recognized by the larger borders of conductor and the distal inclination of the proximal retrolateral lobe of tegulum (Figs 48 C – D). Females of T. selenita resemble those of T. peniaflorensis by the antero-medial copulatory opening facing up, but can recognized by the shorter copulatory ducts in one lap (Figs 7 Q vs 7 P, 49 C – D vs 47 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF24C3A6EAE5EECFAFF03A2.taxon	description	Description. Male. Described and illustrated by Galiano (1970: 325, figs 5, 7). Female (FNAG 36 1456). Total length 4.95. Carapace length 2.19; width 1.77; height 1.00. Cephalic region length 1.13. Ocular area length 1.15; Distance ALE – PME 0.27; PME – PLE 0.23. Ocular diameter AME 0.42; ALE 0.23; PME 0.12; PLE 0.19. Clypeus height 0.12. Chelicerae, paturon length 0.69; 0.40 wide; Fang 0.31 length. Endites length 0.55; 0.31 wide. Labium length 0.38; 0.38 wide. Sternum length 1.11; 0.78 wide. Abdomen length 2.77; 1.74 wide, height 1.54. Legs, femur length I: 1.29; II: 1.19; III: 1.27; IV: 1.63; patella I: 0.88; II: 0.73; III: 0.67; IV: 0.81; tibia I: 0.77; II: 0.65; III: 0.67; IV: 1.11; metatarsus I: 0.48; II: 0.46; III: 0.50; IV: 0.58; tarsus I: 0.48; II: 0.46; III: 0.50; IV: 0.58. Formula legs: 4132. Palp, length femur 0.73; patella 0.35; tibia 0.42; tarsus 0.63. Legs macrosetae, femur I – III: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 2 di; IV: d 1 – 1 – 1, p 1 di, r 1 di. Patella I – II: 0; III – IV: p 1 di, r 2 di. Tibia I: v 2 – 2 – 2, p 1 di; II: p 1 di, v 1 – 1 – 1; III: v 0 – 1 – 2, p 0 – 1 – 0, r 0 – 1 – 0; IV: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1. Metatarsus I – II: v 0 – 2 – 2; III: v 2 – 0 – 2, p 0 – 1 – 0, r 0 – 1 – 0; IV: v 0 – 2 – 2, p 1 – 1 – 1, r 1 – 1 – 1. Carapace and legs as in genus (Figs 49 A – B). Abdomen as in genus (Figs 49 A – B). Spinnerets as in genus (Figs 49 A – B). Palp yellow with dark spots on dorsum of sclerites. Epigynum: copulatory opening into a fillet, anteromedial forming a semi-septum in the medial region of the epigynum (Figs 7 Q, 49 C – D). Copulatory ducts arranged in monoplanar spirals, with one turn (Figs 7 Q, 49 C – D). Spermathecae circular, with the base of fertilization ducts placed on an anterior / dorsal surface. Fertilization ducts extended anteriorly to the sides (Figs 7 Q, 49 C – D).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF24C3A6EAE5EECFAFF03A2.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. CHILE, Región de Aysén, Cochrane, Puerto Bertrand (47 º 7 ’ 27.96 ” S 72 º 39 ’ 42.11 ” W), 10. IV. 2006, R. Briones leg., 1 ♀ (FNAG 36 1456); South Cochrane (47 º 7 ’ 46.96 ” S 72 º 43 ’ 52.16 ” W), 14. IV. 2006, R. Briones leg., 1 ♂ (FNAG 36 1078).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
081B87C6FFF24C3A6EAE5EECFAFF03A2.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Argentina [Chubut (Galiano 1970)], Chile (Cochrane) (Figs 54 A – B). Natural history. Individuals were collected in the leaf litter in a forest with the presence of Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Oerst. The variation in altitudinal occurrence of this species is 186 – 530 m a. s. l. (Figs 54 A – B).	en	Marta, Kimberly S., Bustamante, Abel A., Hagopián, Damián, Teixeira, Renato A., Brescovit, Antonio D., Valiati, Victor H., Rodrigues, Everton N. L. (2024): Taxonomic revision of the jumping spider genus Tullgrenella Mello-Leitão, 1941 (Araneae: Salticidae: Freyina). Zootaxa 5411 (1): 1-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5411.1.1
