identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
0D1D5E2A8844FFC971A1FB2EB408FC58.text	0D1D5E2A8844FFC971A1FB2EB408FC58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys Alcock 1898	<div><p>Genus Nettenchelys Alcock 1898</p><p>Nettenchelys Alcock 1898:149 . Type species Nettenchelys taylori Alcock 1898, by monotypy. Feminine.</p><p>Diagnosis. Body elongate, round anteriorly, compressed posteriorly, deepest in middle and tapering at both ends, tail slender and attenuate, its tip delicate and frequently broken. Dorsal fin begins over gill opening or slightly behind, anal fin begins immediately behind anus, the fins confluent with caudal fin. Pectoral fin absent. Head and snout slender, elongate, and slightly depressed, snout projecting beyond tip of lower jaw. Anterior nostril tubular, near tip of snout; posterior nostril located on dorsal surface of head or body, from a point just posterior to eye to dorsal surface of body well behind dorsal origin (Fig. 1). Lateral line on body complete; 5 SO pores, 8–10 + 2–4 IO pores, 11–16 POM pores. Teeth small, conical, in narrow bands on jaws and vomer; vomerine tooth patch elongate, sometimes with a median series of enlarged teeth anteriorly.</p><p>Species. Nettenchelys contains nine known adult species: N. dionisi Brito 1989; N. erroriensis Karmovskaya 1994; N. exoria Böhlke &amp; Smith in Smith et al. 1981; N. gephyra Castle &amp; Smith in Smith et al. 1981; N. inion Smith &amp; Böhlke in Smith et al. 1981; N. paxtoni Karmovskaya 1999; N. proxima n. sp.; N. pygmaea Smith &amp; Böhlke in Smith et al. 1981; and N. taylori Alcock 1898 . They are distinguished by the position of the posterior nostril (Figure 1), the presence or absence of the median supratemporal pore, infraorbital pore counts, and the form of the vomerine teeth (Table 1). A tenth species, Nettenchelys belottii (D’Ancona 1928), is known only from a larva.</p><p>Distribution. Tropical Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific, rarely collected as adults.</p><p>Remarks. All of the known specimens have regenerated tails. As a result, the total number of vertebrae, an important character in eels, is unknown for any of the species, except by inference from the number of myomeres in larvae.</p><p>Character N. dionisi N. erroriensis N. exoria N. gephyra N. inion N. paxtoni N. proxima n. sp. N. pygmaea N. taylori</p><p>single row of enlarged vomerine teeth anteriorly Yes No No Yes No No Yes Yes No</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8844FFC971A1FB2EB408FC58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A8846FFC871A1FBE6B695F837.text	0D1D5E2A8846FFC871A1FBE6B695F837.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys	<div><p>Key to the Species of Nettenchelys juveniles and adults</p><p>1 Anteriormost vomerine teeth uniserial..................................................................... 2</p><p>- Anteriormost vomerine teeth not uniserial.................................................................. 5</p><p>2 Posterior nostril located immediately behind eye............................................................. 3</p><p>- Posterior nostril approximately midway between eye and supratemporal canal..................................... 4</p><p>3 Small size, mature at 150–200 mm; PDV 7–8; PAV 40–43; PCV 75; IO pores 8+3; predorsal length 33–35% preanal, head length 30–33% preanal................................................. Nettenchelys pygmaea (western Atlantic)</p><p>- Larger size, greater than 250 mm; PDV 6; PAV 44; PCV 78; IO pores 9+2; predorsal length 31% preanal; head length 28% preanal........................................................................ Nettenchelys proxima (Taiwan)</p><p>4 Anterior vomerine teeth not enlarged; PAV 38–39.............................. Nettenchelys dionisi (eastern Atlantic)</p><p>- Anterior vomerine teeth enlarged; PAV 42–ca. 47............................. Nettenchelys gephyra (western Pacific)</p><p>5 Posterior nostril on head just in front of supratemporal canal; median ST pore present.. Nettenchelys inion (western Atlantic)</p><p>- Posterior nostril on body behind supratemporal canal; median ST pore absent..................................... 6</p><p>6 Posterior nostril about midway between dorsal-fin origin and anus................... Nettenchelys taylori (Indian Ocean)</p><p>- Posterior nostril much closer to dorsal-fin origin than to anus................................................... 7</p><p>7 Posterior nostril close to dorsal-fin origin, approximately over the eighth LL pore.............................................................................................. Nettenchelys erroriensis (northwestern Indian Ocean)</p><p>- Posterior nostril before dorsal-fin origin, approximately over the second to fourth LL pore............................ 8</p><p>8 Posterior nostril immediately behindsupratemporal canal, over second LL pore; POM pores 12; PDV 5; PAV 39................................................................................. Nettenchelys paxtoni (western Pacific)</p><p>- Posterior nostril midway between supratemporal canal and dorsal-fin origin, over fourth LL pore; POM pores 14–16; PDV 7; PAV 43–44............................................................. Nettenchelys exoria (western Atlantic)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8846FFC871A1FBE6B695F837	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A8841FFCF71A1FF13B001FD02.text	0D1D5E2A8841FFCF71A1FF13B001FD02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys bellottii (D’Ancona 1928) D'Ancona 1928	<div><p>Nettenchelys bellottii (D’Ancona 1928)</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Leptocephalus bellottii D’Ancona 1928:60, Pl 3 (figs. 16–17) (Red Sea). Lectotype. MSNVE P-8 (24 mm), designated by Smith &amp; Castle (1982:14).</p><p>Diagnosis. Known only from a larva; adult characters not available.</p><p>Distribution. Red Sea.</p><p>Remarks. This species was described from two small specimens, 14.5 and 24 mm TL. The larger one, the lectotype, is clearly a larval Nettenchelys . The smaller one, the paralectotype, is doubtful; it lacks the characteristic midlateral spot, and the posterior pigmented swelling in the gut seems closer to the anus than it is in larval Nettenchelys (Fig. 2, bottom). We suspect that it may be a small specimen of Saurenchelys . D’Ancona did not give the total myomere counts, only the preanal counts (51 for the lectotype), and there are no other characters that could link the larva to an adult. Considering the restricted distributions of the known species of Nettenchelys and the prevalence of endemism in the Red Sea, it is unlikely that this is the larva of one of the nine described species. It most likely represents a distinct species that has not yet been collected as an adult. The name is available and could be applied to the species if the adult is ever found.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8841FFCF71A1FF13B001FD02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A8841FFCE71A1FAAAB209FF36.text	0D1D5E2A8841FFCE71A1FAAAB209FF36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys dionisi Brito 1989	<div><p>Nettenchelys dionisi Brito, 1989</p><p>Fig. 1 b</p><p>? Nettenchelys sp. B Smith &amp; Castle 1982:18 (eastern Atlantic). Larva.</p><p>Nettenchelys dionisi Brito 1989:877, figs. 2–4 (Canary Islands, eastern Atlantic, depth 350–400 m). Holotype. TFMC ZM-3 (female, 620 mm).</p><p>Material. Two specimens known, both gravid females. Holotype: TFMC ZM-3 (620 mm). Paratype: CCML 01/ 248 (446 mm).</p><p>Diagnosis. Anterior vomerine teeth uniserial but not enlarged; posterior nostril midway between eye and supratemporal canal. See Table 1 for additional characters.</p><p>Distribution. Known from the Canary Islands in the eastern North Atlantic.</p><p>Remarks. Smith &amp; Castle (1982: 18) described a larva, Nettenchelys sp. B, based on two specimens collected in the eastern North Atlantic, one near the Azores and one near the Canary Islands (Smith &amp; Castle 1982: fig. 12). These larvae may belong to Nettenchelys dionisi, a species that was unknown in 1982. Both the holotype and paratype of N. dionisi appear to be incomplete; the vertebral counts of 165 and 132 respectively seem far too low for a nettastomatid. The preanal lengths of the two specimens given by Brito (1989:table 1) are 30.8 and 37.2 %TL for the holotype and paratype respectively. If the specimens are incomplete, and if the paratype has lost more vertebrae than the holotype, then it would be expected that any proportional measurement given as a percentage of TL would be greater in the paratype. This is indeed what we see, providing further evidence that both specimens have lost part of the tail. The two specimens of Nettenchelys sp. B larvae have 235–236 total myomeres (Smith &amp; Castle 1982:18); if these represent the larvae of N. dionisi, then the adults would have a comparable number of vertebrae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8841FFCE71A1FAAAB209FF36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A8840FFCE71A1FE86B75CFD5E.text	0D1D5E2A8840FFCE71A1FE86B75CFD5E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys erroriensis Karmovskaya 1994	<div><p>Nettenchelys erroriensis Karmovskaya 1994</p><p>Fig. 1 f</p><p>Nettenchelys erroriensis Karmovskaya 1994:409, unnumbered figure (northwestern Indian Ocean, Error Seamount, 10°19’N, 56°10’E, depth 395–420 m). Holotype. ZMMU-19251 (female, 335 mm).</p><p>Material. Known only from the holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. Anterior vomerine teeth not uniserial; posterior nostril behind head, near dorsal-fin origin, approximately over eighth LL pore; median ST pore absent. See Table 1 for additional characters.</p><p>Distribution. Known from Error Seamount in the western Arabian Sea.</p><p>Remarks. This species is well distinguished from Nettenchelys taylori, the other species known from the Arabian Sea, by the position of the posterior nostril. It apparently is not the adult of Leptocephalus bellottii from the Red Sea, as pointed out by Karmovskaya (1994:125, English translation version).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8840FFCE71A1FE86B75CFD5E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A8840FFCE71A1FD60B01AFA85.text	0D1D5E2A8840FFCE71A1FD60B01AFA85.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys exoria Bohlke & Smith 1981	<div><p>Nettenchelys exoria Böhlke &amp; Smith 1981</p><p>Fig. 1 e</p><p>Nettenchelys exorius Böhlke &amp; Smith in Smith et al. 1981:556, figs. 8D, 9, 12 (western Atlantic off Florida, 29°41’N, 80°11’W, depth 347 m). Holotype. ANSP 142275 (female, 467 mm). Smith &amp; Castle 1982:16; Smith 1989:602; Claro et al. 2000:20.</p><p>Material. Seven specimens known, 182–467 mm. Holotype: ANSP 142275. Paratypes: ANSP 130813 (1, 429 mm), ANSP 131739 (male, 329 mm). Others: ANSP 156856 [formerly UMML 20867] (1, 253 mm), FSBC [formerly FDNR] 17770 (1, 182 mm), FSBC 17771 (1, 395 mm), Instituto de Oceanología Cuba (1, 255 mm).</p><p>Diagnosis. Anterior vomerine teeth not uniserial; posterior nostril behind head, about midway between supratemporal canal and dorsal-fin origin, approximately over fourth LL pore; median ST pore absent; 14–16 POM pores; PDV 7; PAV 43–44. See Table 1 for additional characters.</p><p>Distribution. Adult specimens are known from the east coast of Florida, the Bahamas, and the south coast of Cuba. Larvae of either this species or N. inion have also been collected in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, the Greater Antilles, and in the Gulf Stream and the Sargasso Sea area (Smith &amp; Castle 1982:16).</p><p>Remarks. This species was described from four specimens from the east coast of Florida and the Bahamas. Smith (1989:603) added two more specimens from northeastern Florida, and Claro et al. (2000:20) reported a specimen from the south coast of Cuba in the Caribbean.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8840FFCE71A1FD60B01AFA85	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A8840FFC371A1FA0BB1F8FAEA.text	0D1D5E2A8840FFC371A1FA0BB1F8FAEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys gephyra Castle & Smith 1981	<div><p>Nettenchelys gephyra Castle &amp; Smith 1981</p><p>Figs. 1 b, 3, 4; Table 2</p><p>Nettenchelys gephyra Castle &amp; Smith in Smith et al. 1981:553, figs. 8–11. Holotype. MNHN 1979–0150 (New Caledonia). Gloerfelt-Tarp &amp; Kailola, 1984:60 –61, 305 (Indonesia); Last et al., 2014:208 (Australia).</p><p>Material examined. Taiwan: ASIZP 0 0 63132 (1, 398 mm, mature female, egg size 1.0 mm), Daxi, Yilan, Taiwan, bottom trawl, 24˚48’36”N, 122˚7’48”E, depth 600 m, 27 April 2004. TOU-AE 6529 (1, 456 mm, mature female, egg size 1.0 mm), Daxi, Yilan, Taiwan, bottom trawl, 24˚48’36”N, 122˚7’48”E, depth 400 m, 19 July 2012; TOU- AE 6547 (1, 363 mm, mature female, egg size 1.0 mm), Daxi, Yilan, Taiwan, bottom trawl, 24˚48’36”N, 122˚7’48”E, depth 400 m, 25 July 2012. Indonesia: AMS I.22852-001 (1, 207 mm), Indonesia, Sumbawa, Saleh Bay, 08°27’S, 117°47’E, July 1981. AMS I.24306-001 (1, 366 mm), same locality and date, 180– 300 m. Australia: AMS I.25834-002 (1, 275 mm), Australia, Queensland, 18° 01’S, 147°07’E, 300 m, 19 January 1986. CSIRO H 1106-05 (1, 240 mm), Australia, Queensland, 18° 01’ S, 147° 01’ E, 208–212 m, 29 November 1985. CSIRO H 1556-04 (2, 282– 302 mm), Australia, Queensland, 22° 57’ S, 153° 01’ E, 325–338 m, 18 November 1985. CSIRO H 1668-02 (1, 283 mm), Australia, Queensland, 22° 57’ S, 153° 01’ E, 345–350 m, 17 November 1985. NTM S 11779.007 (1, 170 mm), Australia, Queensland, 18°00’S, 147°04’E, 260 m, 19 January 1986. Other material. Holotype: MNHN 1979-0150 (female, 431 mm), New Caledonia.</p><p>Diagnosis. Anteriormost vomerine teeth uniserial and enlarged; posterior nostril on top of head approximately midway between eye and supratemporal canal; median ST pore present; 79–101 PCV. See Table 1 for additional characters.</p><p>Description. Measurements as percent of preanal length: predorsal 27.9–39.8, head 24.8–37.6; as percent of head length: snout 33.0–42.4, eye 7.4–11.3, upper jaw 48.3–57.6, lower jaw 47.3–52.9, interorbital 3.4–7.6. TV 202+, PDV 5–8, PAV 42–ca. 47, PCV 79–101, PADR ca. 72–112, PALL 39–51, PDLL 7–8, IO 8–9 + 3–4, SO 5, POM 11–15, ST 3.</p><p>Head and snout elongate, slightly depressed, snout flexible. Anterior nostril tubular, near tip of snout; posterior nostril on top of head, about midway between posterior margin of eye and supratemporal canal. Origin of dorsal fin slightly behind gill opening. Anus before midbody. Intermaxillary teeth in a short patch, about as long as wide, continuous with maxillary teeth. Maxillary and dentary teeth in bands, the inner teeth larger than outer. Vomerine tooth patch elongate, extending from slightly behind level of anterior nostrils to anterior margin of eye, consisting of a short median row of enlarged teeth at anterior end, followed by a narrow band of smaller teeth, the middle ones slightly enlarged.</p><p>Color in fresh specimens pink to dark purple or brown; snout and dorsal body dark purple to brown; abdominal region pink and pale; behind eye, occipital region, and around gill opening pink to purple; at midbody, myomeres become obvious, with darkish color. Dorsal and anal fins dark-edged, both becoming black posteriorly. In alcohol, light to dark brown dorsally, and pale below.</p><p>Distribution. New Caledonia, Australia, Indonesia, and Taiwan.</p><p>Remarks. Considerable variation occurs in this species over its range. This is particularly evident in the preanal lateral-line pores, maxillary pores, preanal vertebrae, precaudal vertebrae, and preanal dorsal rays (Table 2). The posterior nostril appears slightly closer to the eye in the Australian specimens than in the Taiwan specimens, although not nearly as close as in N. proxima . We hesitate to describe these variants as species based on such a small sample size and without any genetic information. We simply note the differences and leave the nomenclatural decisions to future studies when more information is available.</p><p>The typical IO pore count for this species is 9 + 3. One specimen from Australia had eight pores along the upper jaw, and another Australian specimen had an extra pore behind the eye on one side.</p><p>We also note an inconsistency in the number of POM pores reported by Smith et al. (1981:553 and fig. 11). The text states 17 POM pores, but the figure shows 13 (11+2). We suspect that the latter figure is correct. Smith et al. (1981) did not give vertebral counts for the holotype, but a radiograph of this specimen is available online (http:/ /science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/ic/item/search/form). This image is divided into two parts, anterior and posterior. Assuming that there is no overlap or duplication in these two parts, we obtained the following counts: PDV ca. 8, PAV ca. 47, PCV ca. 92, TV 160+.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8840FFC371A1FA0BB1F8FAEA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A884DFFC371A1FAB2B259F92E.text	0D1D5E2A884DFFC371A1FAB2B259F92E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys inion Smith & Bohlke 1981	<div><p>Nettenchelys inion Smith &amp; Böhlke 1981</p><p>Fig. 1 c</p><p>Nettenchelys inion Smith &amp; Böhlke in Smith, et al. 1981:555, fig. 8C, 9 (western Atlantic, Straits of Florida, 25°36’N, 79°21’W, depth 458–531 m). Holotype. ANSP 142274 (male, 423 mm). Smith, 1989:603.</p><p>Material. Known only from the holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. Anterior vomerine teeth not uniserial; posterior nostril on head just anterior to supratemporal canal; median ST pore present. See Table 1 for additional characters.</p><p>Distribution. Straits of Florida, western Atlantic. Larvae of either this species or N. exoria have also been collected in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, the Greater Antilles, and in the Gulf Stream and Sargasso Sea area of the western Atlantic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A884DFFC371A1FAB2B259F92E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A884DFFC271A1F97FB2A4FE65.text	0D1D5E2A884DFFC271A1F97FB2A4FE65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys paxtoni Karmovskaya 1999	<div><p>Nettenchelys paxtoni Karmovskaya 1999</p><p>Fig. 1 d</p><p>Nettenchelys paxtoni Karmovskaya 1999:833, fig. 1 (western Pacific, Vanuatu, 17°46'S, 168°15'W). Holotype. AMS I.34589- 0 0 2 (male, 248 mm).</p><p>Material. Known only from the holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. Anterior vomerine teeth not uniserial; posterior nostril just behind head, closer to supratemporal canal than to dorsal-fin origin, approximately over second LL pore; median ST pore absent; 12 POM pores; PDV 5; PAV 39. See Table 1 for additional characters.</p><p>Distribution. Off Efate Island, Vanuatu (New Hebrides), western Pacific.</p><p>Remarks. The specimen was taken from the stomach of a sea snake, suggesting that it may have come from relatively shallow water.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A884DFFC271A1F97FB2A4FE65	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A884CFFC771A1FE33B7D1FB2F.text	0D1D5E2A884CFFC771A1FE33B7D1FB2F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys proxima Smith, Lin & Chen	<div><p>Nettenchelys proxima Smith, Lin &amp; Chen, new species</p><p>Figs. 1 a, 5–7</p><p>? Nettenchelys gephyra: Smith &amp; Böhlke in Smith et al. 1981:555 (smaller specimen only)</p><p>Holotype. NMMST P 0 1524 (251 mm TL, immature female, egg size 0.05–0.09 mm), Donggang, Pingtung, Taiwan, bottom trawl, 22˚12’57”N, 120˚26’21”E, depth 300 m, 4 April 2002.</p><p>Other material. USNM 134972 (93 mm TL, poor condition), Philippines, ALBATROSS sta. 5187, 9˚16’45”N, 123˚21’15”E, depth 412 m, 31 March 1908.</p><p>Diagnosis. Nettenchelys proxima differs from all other species in the genus except N. gephyra and N. pygmaea in having an enlarged median series of teeth at the anterior end of the vomer. It differs from N. gephyra in having the posterior nostril immediately behind the eye (approximately midway between eye and supratemporal canal in N. gephyra), in having 78 PCV (79–101 in N. gephyra, but 91–101 in specimens from Taiwan), and in having 9 + 2 IO pores (8–9 + 3–4 in N. gephyra). It differs from N. pygmaea in its larger size (251 mm in the holotype, an immature female, vs. 201 mm for the largest known N. pygmaea and 151 mm for a mature female) and slight differences in some meristic and morphometric characters (Table 1).</p><p>Description. Measurements of holotype in mm and percent of preanal length: predorsal 27 (31.0), head 24 (27.6), depth at anus 4.9 (5.6); in mm and percent of head length: snout 9.3 (38.8), eye 2 (8.3), upper jaw 13.5 (56.3), lower jaw 12.6 (52.5), gill opening 1.4 (5.8), interbranchial 2.2 (9.2). Meristic features: TV 185+, PDV 6, PAV 44, PCV 78, PADR 96, PALL 43, PDLL 8, IO 9 + 2, SO 5, POM 10 + 3, ST 3.</p><p>Body and head elongate; tail narrow and tapering, incomplete in holotype; anus before midlength. Dorsal and anal fins continuous around tail, dorsal-fin origin behind gill opening, anal-fin origin immediately behind anus; height of dorsal fin about half body depth. Pectoral fin absent. Snout elongate, narrow, slightly depressed, its anterior tip soft and fleshy, extending a short distance beyond intermaxillary tooth patch. Eye well developed, about midway between snout tip and gill opening. Anterior nostril tubular, near tip of snout, directed anterolaterally; posterior nostril a simple, relatively large opening on top of head immediately behind posterior margin of eye. Lateral line complete.</p><p>Preoperculomandibular canal with ten pores in the mandibular section and three pores in the preopercular: first pore on edge of lower lip at tip of jaw; second pore below and behind first, along lower lip; third through tenth pores along lower lip spaced more or less evenly between second pore and posterior end of lower jaw; eleventh to thirteenth pores in an ascending arc behind tenth, the last one below the first LL pore. Supraorbital canal with five pores: first (ethmoid) pore on underside of tip of snout; second pore on upper side of snout before anterior nostril; third pore on top of snout above and immediately behind anterior nostril; fourth on top of snout about one third of distance between anterior nostril and eye; fifth on top of snout near anterior margin of eye. Infraorbital canal with nine pores along upper jaw and two behind eye: first pore on edge of upper lip below anterior nostril directly behind middle of anterior nostril base; second pore elevated above first and directly behind anterior nostril base; third pore below and behind second, along upper lip; fourth through ninth pores on edge of upper lip spaced more or less evenly between third pore and rictus; tenth pore above and slightly behind ninth, at level of lower half of eye; eleventh pore directly above tenth at level of upper half of eye and just below posterior nostril. Supratemporal canal with three pores: one median and one on each side.</p><p>Teeth mostly small, conical, in narrow bands on jaws and vomer. Intermaxillary tooth patch about as long as wide, the inner and posterior teeth somewhat larger, continuous with maxillary teeth. Maxillary teeth in about four rows, those of the inner row larger than outer. Vomerine tooth patch elongate, extending from shortly behind intermaxillary teeth to below anterior margin of eye; first four teeth slightly separated from remainder, distinctly enlarged and forming a single median row, increasing in size from anterior to posterior, these constituting the largest teeth in mouth; remainder of teeth in an elongate, narrow band, those in middle slightly larger than those on outside. Dentary teeth in narrow bands, those of inner row larger than outer; largest dentary teeth larger than any of the maxillary teeth.</p><p>Color in preservative pale brown, fins dark-edged posteriorly.</p><p>Distribution. Taiwan and possibly Philippines. The geographic distribution of N. proxima specimens is shown in Fig. 7.</p><p>Etymology. From the Latin proxima, near, referring to the position of the posterior nostril, close to the eye; also referring to its close resemblance to N. gephyra and N. pygmaea . An adjective.</p><p>Remarks. This new species resembles only Nettenchelys gephyra and N. pygmaea in having an enlarged series of median teeth at the anterior end of the vomer. It differs from the latter two species primarily in the characters mentioned in the diagnosis: nostril position, precaudal vertebrae, and size. It further differs from N. gephyra in PADR (96 vs. 102–112 in specimens from Taiwan), upper jaw length (56.3 vs. 49.0–55.5 % head in specimens from Taiwan), and lower jaw length (52.5 vs. 45.1–51.7 % head). It differs from N. pygmaea in PDV (6 vs. 7–8), PAV (44 vs. 40–43), PCV (78 vs. 75), postorbital pores (2 vs. 3), predorsal length (31 vs. 33–35 % preanal), and head length (27.6 vs. 30–33 % preanal). Because of the small sample size, however, it is uncertain how meaningful these minor differences are.</p><p>The second specimen listed, USNM 134972, was included in Nettenchelys gephyra by Smith et al. 1981, although they did not make it a paratype because of its small size and poor condition. We tentatively reassign it here to N. proxima because the posterior nostril seems to be closer to the eye than it is in N. gephyra, but its size and condition make its positive identification uncertain. Hence we exclude it from the type series.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A884CFFC771A1FE33B7D1FB2F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A8849FFC771A1FB78B670F8C3.text	0D1D5E2A8849FFC771A1FB78B670F8C3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys pygmaea Smith & Bohlke 1981	<div><p>Nettenchelys pygmaea Smith &amp; Böhlke 1981</p><p>Fig. 1 a</p><p>Nettenchelys pygmaeus Smith &amp; Böhlke in Smith et al. 1981:551, figs. 8A, 9, 10 (western Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, 29°52'N, 87°06.5'W, depth 128 m). Holotype. ANSP 142277 (male, 175 mm). Smith 1989:600.</p><p>Material examined. Paratype, USNM 200779 (1, 151 mm, mature female), 10°42' N, 67°56'W, 210 m. Other material. Holotype: ANSP 142277. Paratypes: ANSP 130812 (1, 167 mm), USA 0 3460 (1, 201 mm).</p><p>Diagnosis. Anterior vomerine teeth uniserial, enlarged; posterior nostril on head shortly behind posterior margin of eyes; median ST pore present; PDV 7–8; PAV 40–43; PCV 75; IO pores 8+3; PDL 33–35 % PAL; HL 30–33 % PAL; small size, mature at 150–200 mm. See Table 1 for additional characters.</p><p>Distribution. Adults are known from two widely separate locations in the western Atlantic: the northern Gulf of Mexico and the southern Caribbean Sea. Larvae are known from a much wider area, including the western Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas and the Gulf Stream off the east coast of the United States, the Antilles, and the Sargasso Sea. The number of myomeres in these larvae shows a slight difference between specimens from the Gulf of Mexico (ca. 220–236, seven specimens) and elsewhere (ca. 227–251, 22 specimens) (Smith &amp; Castle 1982:16).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8849FFC771A1FB78B670F8C3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
0D1D5E2A8848FFC671A1FC9CB0E9FB4F.text	0D1D5E2A8848FFC671A1FC9CB0E9FB4F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nettenchelys taylori Alcock 1898	<div><p>Nettenchelys taylori Alcock 1898</p><p>(Figs. 1, 8)</p><p>Nettenchelys taylori Alcock 1898: 150 (Indian Ocean, India, off Travancore Coast, 7°17'30”N, 76°54'30"E, depth 786 m). Holotype ZSI F 317l/1 (female, 533 mm, incomplete). Alcock 1899: pl. 25, Fig. 5; Smith et al. 1981: 557.</p><p>Material. Known only from the holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis. Anterior vomerine teeth not uniserial; posterior nostril far behind head, midway between dorsal-fin origin and anus. See Table 1 for additional characters.</p><p>Distribution. Off the southwestern tip of India.</p><p>Remarks. This was the first species of Nettenchelys to be described, and it has not been collected since. It is distinguished by the extreme posterior displacement of the posterior nostril.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0D1D5E2A8848FFC671A1FC9CB0E9FB4F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Smith, David G.;Lin, James;Chen, Hong-Ming;Pogonoski, John J.	Smith, David G., Lin, James, Chen, Hong-Ming, Pogonoski, John J. (2015): The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae). Zootaxa 4060 (1): 105-120, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.13
