identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
134787EFFFE4FFF41D93E869FC42F828.text	134787EFFFE4FFF41D93E869FC42F828.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Falcipenna Bidzilya & Aarvik 2023	<div><p>Falcipenna gen. nov.</p><p>Type species: Falcipenna irinae sp. nov., by present designation.</p><p>Diagnosis. The new genus is characteristic in having a cucullus with a subterminal process bearing a hair-pencil, and a distinct setaceous valvella in the male genitalia; this combination of characters is unique in Pexicopiini . The female genitalia are distinct in having a long funnel-shaped antrum with a spiralled spinose band in combination with a triple signum, which is also unique among species of Pexicopiini; externally the forewing with falcate apex, in combination with silvery markings and tufts of raised scales is diagnostic.</p><p>Description. Head (Figs 3–5, 7, 13) smooth, ocelli present; labial palpus strongly recurved, smooth scaled, 4–5 times as long as eye diameter, palpomere 2 about 1.5 as broad and only slightly longer than palpomere 3; pecten of antennae consists of single scale, flagellomeres ciliate on underside in male. Thorax. Forewing (Figs 1, 2, 6, 8–12) distinctly or weakly falcate at apex, with silvery markings (spots, points and streaks) and tufts of raised scales. Hindwing distinctly excavated below the apex, apex narrow, pointed. Abdomen. Male. Tergum VIII and sternum VIII (Fig. 14) merged in unbroken ring, tergum VIII tongue-shaped, slightly longer than broad, sternum VIII 1.5 times longer than wide, unmodified; coremata absent; sternum II (Fig. 15) without group of sensory setae, apodemes short, free, venulae slender. In male genitalia (Figs 18–20) uncus spatulate, 2–3 times longer than wide, densely covered with long hairs; gnathos long, sickle-shaped; tegumen parallel-sided, 2–2.5 times longer than wide, anteromedial emargination short, with distinct transition to uncus; cucullus elongated, gently widening apically, densely covered with long setae, ventral margin with short process at 2/3 bearing pencil of short setae; sacculus reduced; valvella digitate, 1/5–1/4 length of cucullus, covered with hairs; juxta absent; vinculum narrow, bandshaped; saccus short, triangular or subrectangular; phallic tube with distinct lateral trunk, apex well sclerotized, rounded or weakly pointed, with small hook or with irregular sclerotization, caecum rounded, weakly inflated, bulbus ejaculatorius 2.5 times as long as phallus, without internal sclerotization. Female. Tergum and sternum VII unmodified (Fig. 16), almost as broad as long, weakly emarginated posteriorly; sternum II (Fig. 17) without group of sensory setae, apodemes short, free, curved inwards, venulae absent. In female genitalia (Figs 21–23) tergum VIII evenly sclerotized, subrectangular, sternum VIII weakly sclerotized, with deep posterior and anterior emarginations, ostium opening large, situated near anterior margin of sternum VIII, antrum large, funnel-shaped, distinctly widening posteriorly, anterior portion with spirally twisted band of microspines; ductus bursae slender, coiled or bulbous at the entrance of corpus bursae; corpus bursae rounded, membranous; signum triple: two of them a plate (simple or with perpendicular ridge), and the third one an elongated serrate plate on the opposite wall of the corpus bursae.</p><p>Biology. Host plant and immature stages unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa.</p><p>Etymology. The generic name is derived from the Latin “ falcatus” meaning sickle, and “ penna” meaning wing, and refers to the shape of the forewing apex of the new genus.</p><p>Remark. Sitotroga exquisita Bidzilya &amp; Mey, 2011 has weakly falcate apex of the forewing resembling species of Falcipenna gen. nov. The current assignment of this species to Sitotroga Heinemann, 1870 seems to be incorrect. This species along with at least one undescribed species from Kenya, is very distinct by combination of external and genital characters, and its position in Pexicopiini needs a separate revision.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/134787EFFFE4FFF41D93E869FC42F828	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.;Aarvik, Leif	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V., Aarvik, Leif (2023): A new genus and two new species of the tribe Pexicopiini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5297 (3): 417-426, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.3.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5297.3.6
134787EFFFE6FFF11D93EFDAFA91FB3A.text	134787EFFFE6FFF11D93EFDAFA91FB3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Falcipenna irinae Bidzilya & Aarvik 2023	<div><p>Falcipenna irinae sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1–7, 14–18, 21</p><p>Type material. Holotype ♁, Kenya, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.366665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.48333332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.366665/lat -0.48333332)">Rift valley</a>, Gilgil, 2100 m, 0°29’S 36°22’E, 3.ix.2006 (Agassiz) (gen. slide 15/23, O. Bidzilya) (DA) . Paratype: 1 ♀, Kenya, Rift valley, Prov. Turi, 8000ft, 29.i.1999 (Agassiz) (gen. slide 16/23, O. Bidzilya) (DA) .</p><p>Diagnosis. The ochreous-brown forewing with dark brown fasciae, silver markings and tufts of raised scales are characteristic. Falcipenna argenteomaculata sp. nov. is smaller (10.0–13.0 mm), lighter, with larger silvery marking, and its forewing is more distinctly falcate. The long (about 3/4 length of tegumen) nearly parallel-sided uncus and triangular saccus are characteristic for the male genitalia. In F. argenteomaculata sp. nov. the uncus is shorter (1/2 length of tegumen) and distinctly constricted at the base, whereas the saccus is subrectangular. Additionally, the ventral process on the cucullus is larger in F. argenteomaculata sp. nov. The female genitalia can be recognized by the two sub-rhomboid signa with transverse ridges. In F. argenteomaculata sp. nov. these signa are trapezoid, without modification.</p><p>Description. Head (Figs 3–5, 7) light-brown to ochreous, palpomere 2 white with light brown shadow on outer and upper surface, brown spot at base, palpomere 3 white with black subapical ring, acute; scape light brown with brown spot before apex, flagellomeres light brown with dark brown rings at base on upper side, pecten of antenna white; thorax and tegulae ochreous-brown, darker than head; wingspan 14.0–15.0 mm, forewing (Figs 1, 2, 6) with slightly falcate apex, ground colour ochreous-brown, diffuse basal dark brown transverse oblique fascia from 1/5 of costa to 1/4 of dorsum and medial fascia from 1/2 of costa to 2/3 of dorsum, dark brown pattern from 4/5 of costa to termen where it joins with medial fascia, costal margin with many black points and four larger black spots at base, at 1/5, 1/2 and 4/5, basal fascia with diffuse blackish-brown spot near costa and silver spot near dorsum, medial fascia with brown touch edged with silver near dorsum, in middle and near dorsum, narrow silvery touch under 1/5 of costa and near tornus, termen edged with silvery, tufts of raised scales in middle near base, at 1/8 under fold, just beyond middle near dorsum and between medial fascia and dark brown subapical pattern; fringe cilia ochreous-brown with light brown tips; hindwing dark grey with light grey fringe cilia.</p><p>Variation. The female is less contrasting with lighter oblique fasciae, costal margin with one black spot on 4/5.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 18). Uncus 2.5 times as long as broad, about 3/4 length of tegumen, weakly narrowed at base, then parallel-sided, densely covered with long hairs, posterior margin weakly rounded; gnathos strongly curved, sickle-shaped, as long as uncus; tegumen parallel-sided, 2.5 times as long as broad, anteromedial emargination narrow, triangular, extending to 1/4 length of tegumen; cucullus elongated, extending to the top of uncus, gradually widening apically, densely covered with long setae in distal half on ventral margin, ventral margin with short process at 2/3 bearing pencil of short setae, apex rounded; sacculus reduced; valvella digitate, 1/4 length of cucullus, covered with hairs; saccus short, triangular; phallic tube moderately broad, apex gently widening, rounded, with down-curved short hook, caecum rounded, weakly inflated, bulbus ejaculatorius 2.5 times as long as phallus.</p><p>Female genitalia (Fig. 21). Papillae anales subtriangular, covered with long setae at base and short hair-like setae apically; sternum VIII with triangular posteromedial emargination, antrum funnel-shaped, posterior portion broad, densely covered with microspines, anterior portion with twisted band of microspines, almost 1/3 length of ductus bursae; ductus bursae slender, coiled and moderately inflated at the entrance of corpus bursae; corpus bursae rounded, as long as ductus bursae; two signa sub-rhomboid with perpendicular triangular ridge, the third signum a rounded serrate plate.</p><p>Biology. Adults have been observed in January and September at altitudes between 2100 and 2400 m.</p><p>Distribution. Kenya.</p><p>Etymology. The new species is named after Irina Chernyakova —a good friend of the first author.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/134787EFFFE6FFF11D93EFDAFA91FB3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.;Aarvik, Leif	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V., Aarvik, Leif (2023): A new genus and two new species of the tribe Pexicopiini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5297 (3): 417-426, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.3.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5297.3.6
134787EFFFE1FFF01D93EF39FA96F804.text	134787EFFFE1FFF01D93EF39FA96F804.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Falcipenna argenteomaculata Bidzilya & Aarvik 2023	<div><p>Falcipenna argenteomaculata sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 8–13, 19, 20, 22, 23</p><p>Type material. Holotype ♁, Kenya, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.741554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.5876944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.741554/lat -3.5876944)">Coast</a>, Rukinga Reserve, 520 m, 3°35’15.7”S 38°44’29.6”E, 23.xi.2010 (Agassiz &amp; Ngugi) (gen. slide 9/23♁, O. Bidzilya) (DA) . Paratypes: 1 ♁, same data as for holotype (gen. slide 5/23♁, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, Kenya, Coast, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.741554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.5876944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.741554/lat -3.5876944)">Rukinga Reserve</a>, 520 m, 3°35’15.7”S 38°44’29.6”E, 21.xi.2010 (Agassiz &amp; Ngugi) (gen. slide 6/ 23♀, O. Bidzilya) ; 1 ♀, Kenya, Coast, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=40.016666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.3333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 40.016666/lat -3.3333333)">Watamuu</a>, s.l. 3°20’S 40°01’E, 27.xi.2004 (Agassiz) (gen. slide 10/23, O. Bidzilya) (all DA) . 1 ♁, Tanzania, Morogoro, Morogoro Town, 20.v.1992 (Aarvik) (gen. slide 2373, O. Bidzilya) ; 1 ♀, same data but 30.viii.1992 (gen. slide 2374, O. Bidzilya); 1 ♀, same data but 3.iv.1993 (all NHMO) . 1 ♁, RSA, Transvaal, Pullen-Farm, 30 km SE Nelspruit, 24-26.xi.2004 (Mey) (gen. slide 506/07, O. Bidzilya) (MfN) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Distinctly falcate forewing with prominent tufts of raised scales and silvery markings are characteristic. F. irinae sp. nov. is larger, wingspan (14.0–15.0 mm), darker, more contrasty, with less distinct silvery markings and less falcate forewing. For the differences in the genitalia from F. irinae sp. nov. see above under that species.</p><p>Description. Head (Fig. 13) white, weakly shiny, vertex mixed with light brown, palpomere 2 white mixed with light brown on outer surface, palpomere 3 white with diffuse black basal and subapical rings, acute; scape white mottled with light brown, flagellomeres white ringed with light brown, pecten of antenna white; thorax and tegulae concolorous with vertex; wingspan 10.0–13.0 mm, forewing (Figs 8–12) with distinctly falcate apex, ground colour light brown, black scales tipped with silver forming streaks, points and spots along costa, black irregular spots mixed with silver at base and at 1/ 3 in middle, at 1/2 and 3/4 below costa, at 1/6, 1/3 and 1/2 and 2/3 of dorsum, diffuse black streak in fold, tufts of raised white, silver or black-tipped scales on 1/4 and 1/2 under costa and at 1/3 and 2/3 near dorsum, termen mottled with black and silver, apex with black point, fringe cilia light brown with dark terminal line; hindwing grey with light grey fringe cilia.</p><p>Variation. Ground colour of the forewing varies from light brown to brown, the number of silvery and black scales and their position vary between individuals, the tufts of raised scales vary in size.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 19, 20). Uncus 2.5 times as long as broad, about half length of tegumen, basally constricted, then gradually narrowed towards straight posterior margin, densely covered with long hairs; gnathos strongly curved, sickle-shaped, longer than uncus; tegumen parallel-sided, 2.5 times longer than broad, anteromedial emargination narrow, rounded, extending to 1/4 length of tegumen; cucullus elongated, extending to top of uncus, gradually widening apically, densely covered with long setae in distal half on ventral margin, ventral margin with short process at 2/3 bearing pencil of short setae, apex rounded; sacculus reduced; valvella digitate, 1/4 length of cucullus, covered with hairs; saccus short, subrectangular, gradually constricted in middle; phallic tube moderately broad, apex weakly widened, pointed, with irregular sclerotization, caecum rounded, weakly inflated about 1/3 length of phallic tube, bulbus ejaculatorius 2.5 times as long as phallus.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 22, 23). Papillae anales subtriangular, covered with long setae at base and short hair-like setae apically; sternum VIII with broad triangular posteromedial emargination, antrum funnel-shaped, posterior portion broad, densely covered with microspines, anterior portion with twisted band of microspines, almost 1/2 length of ductus bursae; ductus bursae slender, inflated at entrance of corpus bursae; corpus bursae rounded, as long as ductus bursae; two signa trapezoid, the third signum an elongate serrate plate.</p><p>Biology. Adults have been observed in April–May, August, and November in Kenya and Tanzania, and in November in South Africa.</p><p>Distribution. Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name derives from Latin “ macula ”—point, spot, speckle and Latin “ argentum ”— silver, and refers to the silvery markings in the forewing, which are characteristic for the new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/134787EFFFE1FFF01D93EF39FA96F804	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V.;Aarvik, Leif	Bidzilya, Oleksiy V., Aarvik, Leif (2023): A new genus and two new species of the tribe Pexicopiini (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae) from the Afrotropical region. Zootaxa 5297 (3): 417-426, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.3.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5297.3.6
