identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
13289720FF8FE129FF796DC2FDCE67DD.text	13289720FF8FE129FF796DC2FDCE67DD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Achelia sawayai Marcus 1940	<div><p>Achelia sawayai Marcus, 1940</p><p>(Fig. 2A)</p><p>Achelia sawayai Marcus, 1940: 81–86, figs. 10 A–F, 17; Müller, 1989: 124, fig. 40; Montoya-Bravo et al., 2009: 10–11, figs.1– 4.</p><p>Type locality — Bay of Saints and Itanhaen (53 km south from Santos), Brazil</p><p>Material examined. Bissau-0810: BS191, 2♀; BS194, 1♀; BS195, 1 juvenile.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the original description and figures of the female holotype provided by Marcus (1940). The juvenile is still chelate (Fig 2A) but the characteristics of the species are clearly visible.</p><p>Habitat. This species has been collected from bottoms with foraminifera (Stock 1966), dead corals (Müller 1989), sand (Stock 1989) and on rocky bottoms with algae (Montoya-Bravo, et al. 2009). Its bathymetric distribution extends from 0 to 115 m depth, with an isolated record at 157 m; nevertheless, this last record was considered as a possible contamination by shallow fouling from a ship hull (Sabroux et al., 2022). Our material has been collected between 23 and 29 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. This species shows a circumtropical distribution, recorded in the West and East Atlantic, Eastern Mediterranean, Indian, and Pacific Oceans (Sabroux et al. 2022). In Northwest Africa it was reported from Mauritania (Sabroux et al. 2022), Cabo Verde (Fage &amp; Stock 1966; Stock 1990), Guinea (Stock 1966), and the Republic of the Congo (Fage 1949). Our specimens were collected from Guinea-Bissau. Sabroux et al. (2022) reported that DNA barcoding studies imply at least three cryptic species for Achelia sawayai . Future research may confirm that many A. sawayai records were incorrectly assigned to this species, which would modify its current geographical distribution.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8FE129FF796DC2FDCE67DD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8FE128FF796A9AFCF765BA.text	13289720FF8FE128FF796A9AFCF765BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Achelia setulosa (Loman 1912)	<div><p>Achelia setulosa (Loman, 1912)</p><p>(Fig. 2B)</p><p>Ammothea setulosa Loman, 1912: 13–14 .</p><p>Ammothea (Achelia) setulosa — Bouvier, 1917: 41–42, L. IV, figs. 9–10.</p><p>Achelia setulosa — Bamber &amp; Thurston, 1993: 845–846, fig. 7A–E.</p><p>Type locality — Boa Vista <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-22.9125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=15.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -22.9125/lat 15.9)">Island</a> (Cabo Verde), 15º54'00"N 22º54'45"W, 91 m</p><p>Material examined. Maurit-0811: MU136, 1♂, 1♀; MU142, 1♀; MU167, 1♀; MU184, 2♂, 1♀; MU223, 1♂. Maurit-0911: MU233, 1♂ juvenile.</p><p>Remarks. In the literature, different ornamental patterns related to the disposition of the tubercles and setae on the legs have been described within this species. Fage &amp; Stock (1966) compared differences between their female specimen and the male holotype and concluded that differences in the ornamentation of the limbs might be attributed to sexual dimorphism. Bamber &amp; Thurston (1993) studied a female specimen collected off Cap Blanc (Mauritania) and described some differences from the female reported by Fage &amp; Stock (1996), mainly related to the ornamentation patterns of the limbs; they suggested that with so few described specimens, the observed differences may only constitute intraspecific variation. Ornamentation in our female specimens matched that of the specimen described by Bamber &amp; Thurston (1993), and consequently, we assigned our specimens to A. setulosa . The juvenile specimen is still chelate (Fig. 2B) but the characteristics of the species are clearly visible.</p><p>Habitat. This species has been collected from coralline algae, bryozoans, corals, rocky and sandy bottoms (Fage &amp; Stock 1966; Stock 1990) between 20 and 120 m. This species has been reported from 1238 to 1285m in Cape Blanc (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993), a remarkable depth for this species. However, Bamber &amp; Thurston (1993: 842) indicates that the analysis of the information available from the samples allows them to assume that the material comes from this depth. Our material was collected between 101 and 213m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. This species is known from three localities in the Cabo Verde Islands (Bouvier 1917; Fage &amp; Stock 1966; Stock 1990) and another one off Cape Blanc (Mauritania) (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993). Our specimens were collected from southern Mauritania.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8FE128FF796A9AFCF765BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8DE12BFF796B1EFE946520.text	13289720FF8DE12BFF796B1EFE946520.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bathypallenopsis scoparia (Fage 1956)	<div><p>Bathypallenopsis scoparia (Fage, 1956)</p><p>Pallenopsis scoparia Fage, 1956: 171–172, figs, 1–4.</p><p>Pallenopsis (Bathypallenopsis) scoparia — Stock, 1987: 516, figs. 13–15; Child, 1991: 67–69, fig. 31; Bamber, 2002b: 719–720, fig. 2.</p><p>Bathypallenopsis scoparia — Bamber, 2010: 184–185, fig. 216; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014: 178–180, fig. 98.</p><p>Type locality— Galathea Stn. 241, 4º00'00"S 41º27'00"E, 1520 m</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-0511: MO115, 1♂.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures given by Fage (1956, holotype) and Bamber (2002b).</p><p>Habitat. Bathypelagic species with a depth range extending from 312 to 1520 m. This species was collected together with hard corals (Stock 1987), sponges, sea urchins (Arnaud 1973) and from muddy bottoms (Munilla 1993). In addition, juveniles have been reported associated to the jellyfish Periphylla periphylla (Perón &amp; Lesueur 1810) (Child &amp; Harbison 1986) . Our material was collected at 1340 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Widely distributed species, known from the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. In the West Atlantic, B. scoparia has been reported from the Gulf of Mexico (Child 1992b) and Bahamas in the Caribbean Sea (Child &amp; Harbison 1986) and from Rockall Trough (Bamber 2010), Porcupine Bank, the Mid Atlantic Ridge (Bamber 2002b), Gulf of Biscay (Arnaud 1972), Gibraltar (Stock 1987) in the East Atlantic, including the Mediterranean coast of Spain (Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla 2015). In the Indian Ocean, the species is known from Kenya (Fage 1956), Maldives and Indonesia (Stock 1994) and from Japan (Nakamura &amp; Child 1991; Miyazaki 2022), Chesterfield Islands (Stock 1991b), Melanesia (Bamber 2004a) and the Peru-Chile Trench (Bamber 2002b) in the Pacific. Our specimen was collected from the south of Morocco, which extends its southern limit of distribution in the East Atlantic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8DE12BFF796B1EFE946520	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8DE12BFF796E6AFB9F613E.text	13289720FF8DE12BFF796E6AFB9F613E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Tanystylum conirostre (Dohrn 1881)	<div><p>Tanystylum conirostre (Dohrn, 1881)</p><p>Clotenia conirostris Dohrn, 1881: 161–164, L. VIII, figs. 4–11, L. IX, figs. 1–5.</p><p>Tanystylum conirostrum — Krapp, 1973: 63–64, fig. 3.</p><p>Tanystylum conirostre — Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014: 124–127, figs. 66–67.</p><p>Type locality —off Bay of Naples .</p><p>Material examined. Bissau-0810: BS191, 1♂; BS195, 1♂.</p><p>Remarks. The morphology of our specimens is consistent with the original description given by Dohrn (1881), although, in our case, the distal spine in the lateral process is lacking.</p><p>Habitat. This species has been collected from seaweed, hydrozoans and bryozoans (Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives 2014) from 0 to 45 m. Our specimens were collected between 25 and 29 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. This species is known from the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea (Dohrn 1881; Krapp et al. 2008). In the East Atlantic, it has been reported from Ireland (Bamber 2010) to south of Portugal (Esquete et al. 2016; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives 2014) and from the Antilles and Gulf of Mexico in the West Atlantic (Child 1992b as Tanystylum orbiculare). Our specimens were collected from Guinea-Bissau, and these records considerably extend its area of distribution to the south in the East Atlantic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8DE12BFF796E6AFB9F613E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8CE12DFF796A95FD7E6352.text	13289720FF8CE12DFF796A95FD7E6352.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ascorhynchus armatus (Wilson 1881)	<div><p>Ascorhynchus armatus (Wilson, 1881)</p><p>Scaeorhynchus armatus Wilson, 1881: 248–249, L. 2, figs. 3–4, L. 5, figs. 26–31.</p><p>Ascorhynchus agassizi Bouvier, 1937: 38</p><p>Ascorhynchus armatus — Hedgpeth, 1948: 255, figs. 42a, 43</p><p>Type locality — Blake, locality 308, 41º24'45"N 65º35'30"W, 2271.37 m</p><p>Material examined. Maurit-1107: MU023, 1♂; MU031, 5♂, 3♀; MU033, 2♀; MU058, 2♂, 1 indet; MU069, 1♂. Maurit-0811: MU080, 1♂; MU092, 7♂, 6♀; MU093, 2♂, 3♀; MU094, 2♂, 1♀; MU116, 1♂, 1♀. Maurit-1011: MU258, 1♀.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures provided by Wilson (1881).</p><p>Habitat. Ascorhynchus armatus has been collected from muddy bottoms (Bouvier 1937 as Ascorhynchus agassizi; Stock 1990) within a wide bathymetric range extending from 396 to 2515 m. Our material was collected from muddy bottoms at 532 to 1808 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. This species has a wide distribution in the West Atlantic, extending from the north coast of the United States to the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea (Hedgpeth 1948; Raiskii &amp; Turpaeva 2006). In the East Atlantic, it has been reported from the south of Western Sahara, Mauritania (Stock 1990; Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993) and Senegal (Bouvier 1937 as Ascorhynchus agassizi). Our specimens were collected from the south part of the Bank of Arguin (Mauritania).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8CE12DFF796A95FD7E6352	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8CE12AFF796FDBFC0160D6.text	13289720FF8CE12AFF796FDBFC0160D6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bathypallenopsis tritonis (Hoek 1883)	<div><p>Bathypallenopsis tritonis (Hoek, 1883)</p><p>Pallenopsis tritonis Hoek, 1883: 7–10, L. 1, figs. 1–6.</p><p>Pallenopsis Holti Carpenter, 1905: 174, L.I, figs. 1–6</p><p>Bathypallenopsis tritonis — Bamber, 2002a: 163–169, fig. 5–8.</p><p>Type locality— <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-7.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=59.666668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -7.35/lat 59.666668)">H.M.S. Triton</a>, Stn. 10, 59º40'N 7º21'W, 944 m</p><p>Material examined. Maurit-1107: MU078, 1♂.</p><p>Remarks. Our specimen agrees with the redescription and figures provided by Bamber (2002a).</p><p>Habitat. Species reported between 410 and 7280 m; our material was collected at 842 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Species only known from the North Atlantic Ocean. In the East Atlantic has been reported from the Faroe Channel (Hoek 1883), NW Ireland (Carpenter 1905; Stock 1984; Bamber 2002a), Celtic Sea (off Brest, France) (Bamber 1983), Iceland Basin, Bay of Biscay (Bamber 2002a) and Bank of Galicia (Stock 1991a). In the West Atlantic has been recorded near to New Scotland and New Jersey (Child 1982). Our specimen was collected from Mauritania, extending its distribution area to the South.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8CE12AFF796FDBFC0160D6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8CE12AFF796DA7FC7766B7.text	13289720FF8CE12AFF796DA7FC7766B7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bathypallenopsis tydemani subsp. caraibica (Stock 1975)	<div><p>Bathypallenopsis tydemani caraibica (Stock 1975)</p><p>Pallenopsis (Bathypallenopsis) tydemani caraibica — Stock, 1975: 1033–1036. fig. 31d.</p><p>Type locality— Gerda Stn. 366, 24°12'00"N 81°17'00"W–24°13'00"N 81°08'00"W; 679–709 m</p><p>Material examined. Maurit-1107: MU039, 2♀</p><p>Remarks. Our specimens agree with the description and figures of a female specimen given by Stock (1975 as Pallenopsis (Bathypallenopsis) tydemani caraibica).</p><p>Habitat. Subspecies with a wide bathymetric range, between 558 and 3356m deep. Our specimens were collected at 1215 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. This subspecies is known from the East and West Atlantic Ocean. In the East Atlantic Ocean has been reported from Ireland (Child 1982; Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995), the English Channel (Stock 1984) and south of Morocco (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993); in the West Atlantic it was collected from Surinam (Stock 1986), Florida and Bahamas [Stock 1975 as Pallenopsis (Bathypallenopsis) tydemani caraibica]. Our specimens have been collected in the south of the Bank of Arguin (Mauritania).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8CE12AFF796DA7FC7766B7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8BE12DFF796EB2FB6C64B5.text	13289720FF8BE12DFF796EB2FB6C64B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Colossendeis angusta G. O. Sars 1877	<div><p>Colossendeis angusta G.O. Sars, 1877</p><p>Colossendeis angusta G.O. Sars, 1877: 268–269; Sars, 1891: 140–143, L. 15, fig. 2a–f; Hedgpeth, 1948: 269–271, fig. 50a; Bamber, 2010: 40–41, fig. 83; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014: 208–210, fig. 115.</p><p>Type locality— Reikjavik, Stn. 31, 63º6'00"N 4º35'24"W, 762.61 m</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-041: MO04, 1♀; MO68, 1♂; MO82, 1♂; MO83, 1♀; MO84, 1♂; MO89, 1♂. Maroc-0511: MO106, 2♂, 1♀; MU158, 1♂, 1♀; MO162, 1♂, 1♀. Maroc-0611: MO191, 2♂, 1♀; MO193, 1♂; MO194, 1♀; MO195, 3♂, 2♀; MO196, 1♂; MO197, 4♂, 1♀, 1♂ juvenile; MO199, 1♂; MO200, 1♀; MO203, 4♂, 1♀; MO204, 9♂; MO207, 5♂; MO208, 1♂; MO216, 3♂, 1♀, 1♂ juvenile; MO229, 1♂, 1♀; MO230, 3♂, 3♀, 1 indet; MO232, 1♂; MO238, 1 ♂, 1 indet; MO242, 1♂, 1♀, 1 indet; MO243, 6♂, 5♀; MO249, 1♂, 1♀; MO250, 2♂; MO258, 2♂, 2♀; MO260, 4♂, 1♀, 1 indet; MO265, 1♂. Maurit-1107: MU003, 12♂, 3♀; MU006, 7♂, 5♀; MU007, 4♂, 2♀; MU008, 1♂, 1♀; MU009, 1♀; MU010, 1♂; MU011, 13♂, 6♀, 1♂ juvenile, 2 juveniles, 1 indet; MU012, 1♂, 1♀; MU022, 3♂, 2♀; MU028, 1♂; MU029, 1♀; MU030, 4♂, 4♀, 1 indet; MU031, 3♂, 2♀; MU036, 1♂, 1♀; MU039, 2♂, 2♀; MU041, 1♂; MU050, 1♂; MU058, 1♂, 2♀; MU062, 1♀. Maurit-0811: MU080, 1♀; MU085, 1♀; MU092, 10♂, 2♀; MU093, 18♂, 5♀; MU094, 2♂, 1♀; MU095, 2♂, 2♀; MU096, 5♂, 2♀; MU097, 1♂; MU100, 1♂; MU113, 1♀; MU114, 1♂; MU159, 1♂, 2♀, 1 indet. Maurit-0911: MU187, 1♂, 2 indet; MU189, 1♂; MU193, 6♂, 3♀, 1 indet; MU194, 2♂, 2♀. Maurit-1011: MU248, 1♂; MU250, 1♂; MUBV23, 1♂. BISSAU-0810: BS165, 1♂; BS166, 1♂, 2♀.</p><p>Remarks. Our specimens agree with the description and figures provided by Sars (1891). Some of the specimens are juveniles with developed cheliphores like to those described by Fage (1956).</p><p>Habitat. Species reported from pteropod and foraminifera bottoms (Stock 1987) between 13 and 5480 m. Our material was collected between 227 and 1859 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Colossendeis angusta is a cosmopolitan species. It has been reported from Greenland Sea (Meinert 1899; Stephensen 1933; Hedgpeth 1963), Norway (Sars 1877; Wilson 1881; Meinert 1899; Norman 1908; Stephensen 1935; Rigvold et al. 2015), Iceland Basin (Meinert 1899), Faroe Channel (Norman 1908; Olsen 1913; Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995; Dunlop et al. 2007), Scotland (Möbius 1902; Dunlop et al. 2007), South of Ireland (Bamber 1983), Bank of Galicia, Portugal (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995; Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla 2015), North of Morocco (Stock 1987), Western Sahara (Bamber &amp; Thirston 1993), Bank of Arguin, Mauritania (Bouvier 1937) in the East Atlantic, and from Terranova (Olsen 1913), New Scotland, North Carolina (Hedgpeth 1948), Uruguay (Soler-Membrives et al. 2020), the Argentine Slope (Child 1982) and the Scottia Sea (Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives 2009) in the West Atlantic. In the Indian Ocean has been collected from Gulf of Aden (Calman 1938), Tanzania (Loman 1908; Dunlop et al. 2007) and the Mozambique Channel (Fage 1956; Stock 1994), and from Japan (Hedgpeth 1949; Nakamura &amp; Child 1991; Miyazaki 2022), the North Pacific Basin (Turpaeva 1994), Ecuador, Peru (Child 1992), Panama (Marcus 1940; Fage 1956), Tasmania and Kermadec Trench (Fage 1956) in the Pacific. Our specimens were collected throughout the study area, from Morocco to Guinea-Bissau.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8BE12DFF796EB2FB6C64B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8BE12CFF796807FCB7602E.text	13289720FF8BE12CFF796807FCB7602E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Colossendeis arcuata Milne-Edwards 1885	<div><p>Colossendeis arcuata Milne-Edwards, 1885</p><p>Colossendeis arcuata Milne-Edwards in Filhol, 1885: 151; Bouvier, 1937: 26–30, figs. 2–8; Stock, 1978b: 403–405, fig. 1g –j; Bamber, 2010: 42–43, fig. 84; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014: 210–212, figs 116, 137E.</p><p>Type locality— Talisman, 1883, Stn. 33, Off Cap Cantin, 1500 m</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-0411: MO82, 1♂; MO84, 1♂; MO94, 2♂. Maroc-0511: MO100, 1♀; MO109, 1♀; MO114, 1♂; MO161, 1♂. Maroc-0611: MO243, 1♀. Maurit-0811: MU092, 1 indet.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures provided by Bouvier (1937).</p><p>Habitat. This species has been cited from muddy and shelly bottoms with pteropod and foraminifera (Stock 1987) between 490 and 2084m. The specimens have been collected from 826 to 1808 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Species mainly distributed in the Atlantic Ocean. Colossendeis arcuata has been recorded from Scotland (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995), the English Channel (Stock 1984), Bay of Biscay (Stock 1978) and Morocco (Filhol 1885; Bouvier 1937; Stock 1987; Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993) in the East Atlantic, and near to New Scotland (Hedgpeth 1948) and Bahamas (Stock 1986) in the West Atlantic. This species has also been reported from Chile (Child 1992), Taiwan (Bamber 2004), Southern Australia (Staples 2007) and New Zealand (Child 1999) in the Pacific Ocean and from Sri Lanka (Fage 1956) in the Indian Ocean. Our specimens were collected from the north of Morocco to south of the Bank of Arguin (Mauritania).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8BE12CFF796807FCB7602E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8AE12CFF796DFEFDFB6638.text	13289720FF8AE12CFF796DFEFDFB6638.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Colossendeis bicincta Schimkewitsch 1893	<div><p>Colossendeis bicincta Schimkewitsch, 1893</p><p>Colossendeis bicincta Schimkewitsch, 1893: 27–29, L.I, fig. 1–3; Stock, 1978b: 409–411, figs. 1 a–f, 3.</p><p>Type locality— Albatross, Stn. 3360, 6º17'00"N 82º5'00"W, 3057.75 m</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-0511: MO171, 1♂.</p><p>Remarks. Our specimen agrees with the description and figures given by Schimkewitsch (1893) and Stock (1978b)</p><p>Habitat. This species has been cited from 1900 to 4853 m. Our material was collected at 1591 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. This species has been collected from South of Ireland (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995), English Channel (Stock 1984) and Bay of Biscay (Stock 1978) in the Atlantic Ocean, and from Panama (Schimkewistch 1893) and Fiji (Stock 1991) in the Pacific Ocean. Our specimen was collected in Morocco, extending their distribution area to the south.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8AE12CFF796DFEFDFB6638	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8AE12CFF796B85FB7E649E.text	13289720FF8AE12CFF796B85FB7E649E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Colossendeis clavata Meinert 1899	<div><p>Colossendeis clavata Meinert, 1899</p><p>Colossendeis clavata Meinert, 1899: 57–58, L. 5, figs. 19–20; Bouvier, 1937: 26, fig. 1; Hedgpeth, 1948: 273–274, fig. 50e; Bamber, 2010: 46–47, fig. 86; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014: 212–214, fig. 117.</p><p>Type locality— The Ingolf, Stn. 64, 62º06'00"N 19º09'00"W, 1903.78 m</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-0411: MO68, 1♂. Maroc-0611: MO217, 1♂; MO242, 1♂; MO260, 1♂. BISSAU-0810: BS166, 4♂, 2 indet.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures of the holotype given by Meinert (1899).</p><p>Habitat. This species is characteristic from cold and deep waters and has been reported in clay bottoms (Stock 1990) between 994 to 3100 m. Our material was collected from 908 to 1822 m deep.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Species with amphi-Atlantic distribution. In the West Atlantic has been reported from New Jersey (Hedgpeth 1948) and Anguilla (Meinert 1899), and from Ireland (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995), English Channel (Stock 1984), Bay of Biscay (Stock 1978), Finisterre (Spain) (Bouvier 1917; Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995), Morocco (Bouvier 1937), Azores and Canary Islands (Stock 1990) in the East Atlantic. Our specimens were collected in Morocco and Guinea-Bissau, which extends its geographical range to the south.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8AE12CFF796B85FB7E649E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF8AE12EFF79686EFCBB632A.text	13289720FF8AE12EFF79686EFCBB632A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Colossendeis colossea Wilson 1881	<div><p>Colossendeis colossea Wilson, 1881</p><p>Colossendeis colossea Wilson, 1881: 244–246, L.1, fig. 1, L. 3. figs. 5–7; Bouvier, 1917: 13–16, L.I, fig. 2, L.II, fig. 1; Bamber, 2010: 48–49, fig. 87; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014: 214–216, fig. 118.</p><p>Colossendeis gigas Hoek, 1881: 61–64, L. VIII, figs. 1–2, L.X, figs. 1–5.</p><p>Type locality— Blake, Stn. 307, 41º29'45"N 65º47'10"W, 1792.22 m</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-0411: MO26, 1♀; MO28, 1♂, 2♀; MO31, 1♂; MO47, 3♂; MO50, 1♂; MO61, 2♂, 1♀; MO68, 5♂; MO82, 3♂; MO83, 2♂, 1♀; MO84, 3♂. Maroc-0511: MO94, 2♂; MO105, 3♂; MO106, 2♂, 1 indet; MO111, 1♂; MO120, 1♂; MO129, 1♂, 1 indet.</p><p>Remarks. Our specimens are consistent with descriptions and figures reported by Wilson (1881) (holotype) and Hoek (1881,as Colossendeis gigas).</p><p>Colossendeis colossea is very similar to Colossendeis tasmanica Staples, 2007 but there are some diagnostic differences in the morphology of ovigers and palps, and in the abdomen/trunk ratio (see Staples, 2007).</p><p>In our specimens, the oviger claw is fused with article 10 but not articulated, the oviger article 10 is not uniform but tapering distally, and the palp article 10 is uniformly rounded distally; all three are typical features of C. colossea, differing from the segmented oviger claw, the oviger article 10 of uniform width, and the palp article 10 clearly narrowing towards the tip for C. tasmanica . The length/width ratio of oviger article 10 and palp article 10 are 3.1–5.5 and 6.8–10.9, respectively, falling within the measurements given by Staples (2007) for C. colossea . Staples (2007) indicated that the abdomen/trunk proportions are &lt;20% in C. colossea and&gt;20% in C. tasmanica . For our specimens this ratio ranged between 10.2 and 21.3, but most were &lt;20%, with an average of 17.1%, allowing us to assign them with confidence to C. colossea .</p><p>Staples (2007) also highlighted that Nogueira (1967) reported and illustrated a putative juvenile of C. tasmanica collected off the coast of Portugal, identified as C. colossea . This material consists of a single young male specimen collected during the 1895 survey accomplished on the Yacht “Princesse Alice” by Prince Albert I of Monaco (Stn 115, 17/06/1895, 38°21'N, 09°37'45"W, 2028 m depth). This specimen was identified by Topsent [1897 as Colossendeis gigas Hoek, 1881 (= Colossendeis colossea Wilson, 1881)], and later as C. colossea by Bouvier (1917). None of these studies included a description or figures of the specimen. There are some differences between the geographical coordinates given by Topsent (1897) and Bouvier (1917) for Station 115 (38º21'N, 12°02'W vs. 38°21'N, 09°37'45"W, respectively). These differences could be because Topsent (1897) may have used the Paris meridian to express longitude, common among French authors at the time. The difference between the latitude (38°12'N) reported by Nogueira (1967) and 38°21'N reported by Topsent (1897) and Bouvier (1917) is likely a misspelling. However, the survey, station, depth, and collection date (for Nogueira 1967, see Nogueira 1957) are the same, which means that all three authors refer to the same specimen.</p><p>The conclusions of Staples (2007) may be based on figures of C. colossea published by Nogueira (1967) (see planche 17), especially Figure c clearly showing that the oviger claw is not fused with oviger article 10, but is articulated, a distinctive feature for C. tasmanica . However, there are serious doubts that the figures presented in Nogueira (1967) actually correspond to the specimen collected off the coast of Portugal. In the Preface, Nogueira (1967) points out that all figures are original and were generated from the collections curated at the Bocage Museum using a camera lucida. However, figures of species not represented in the Bocage Museum collections were generated at the Natural History Museum (UK) using specimens curated there. Taking into account that in the 1960s the only record of C. colossea in Portugal is based on the specimen collected during the 1895 Princesse Alice survey and that the material from the Prince Albert I surveys is curated in the collections of the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco, it seems clear that the author did not have access to this specimen, and that their figures are based on material from the Natural History Museum (UK) from an unknown locality. Therefore, in our opinion, there are no objective reasons to assume that C. tasmanica was collected in Portuguese waters or from the Northeast Atlantic.</p><p>Habitat. Species from deep and cold waters that have been collected from muddy (Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014), clay with diatoms (Cole 1909), clay, clay with pumice, hard bottoms (Stock 1990) and gravel bottoms with foraminifera and pteropods (Stock 1987). The bathymetric range extends from 79 to 5203 m, but in the East Atlantic is most common from 1000 to 2500 m (Bamber, 2010). Our material was collected between 784 and 1860 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Cosmopolitan species, found in all the oceans including the polar seas (Bamber, 2010). Reported from Ireland (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995), Denmark Strait (Meinert 1899), France (Bouvier 1923), Portugal (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995; Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla 2015) Azores (Bouvier 1937; Stock 1990), Morocco (Olsen 1913; Stock 1987; Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993), Western Sahara (Bouvier 1937), Walvis Ridge (Stock 1975) and Cape Point (South Africa) (Flynn 1928; Barnard 1954) in the East Atlantic and from the south of Terranova (Olsen 1913), near to Rhode Island (Wilson 1881), and the Caribbean Sea (Stock 1986) in the West Atlantic. Colossendeis colossea has also been collected from Bering Sea (Child 1995), Japan (Hedgpeth 1949; Nakamura &amp; Child 1991; Miyazaki 2022), Philippines (Stock 1983), Melanesia (Loman 1908; Stock 1953; Stock 1997; Bamber 2004; Bamber 2013), the Great Australian Bight (Arango 2009) Southern Australia (Staples 2007), New Caledonia (Stock 1991), New Zealand (Child 1999), Kermadec Trench (Fage 1956); California and Oregon (Child 1994), Gulf of Panama (Fage 1956; Stock 1975), Peru (Cole 1909) and Chile (Child 1992; Anaya 2016) in the Pacific, and from Andaman Sea (Calman 1923) and SW India (Vinu et al. 2016) in the Indian Ocean. This species has been reported also from the Scotia and Weddel Seas in the Antarctic region (Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives 2009). Our specimens were collected along the Morocco coast.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF8AE12EFF79686EFCBB632A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF88E12EFF796EFAFE8064B6.text	13289720FF88E12EFF796EFAFE8064B6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Colossendeis macerrima Wilson 1881	<div><p>Colossendeis macerrima Wilson, 1881</p><p>Colossendeis macerrima Wilson, 1881: 246–247, L. 1, fig. 2, L. 4, figs. 9–12, L. 5, fig. 32; Stock, 1978b; 400–402, fig. 2m.</p><p>Type locality— Blake, Stn. 338, 38º18'40"N 73º18'10"W, 1686.15 m</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-0411: MO 04, 5♂, 1 indet; MO27, 1♀; MO28, 2♂; MO31, 1♀; MO32, 1♂; MO48, 1♂; MO61, 1♂; MO65, 1♂; MO82, 1♂; MO84, 8♂, 1♀; MO86, 1♂; MO88, 3♂, 1♀; MO89, 9♂, 2♀. Maroc-0511: MO95, 1♀; MO98, 1♂, 1♀; MO99, 1♀; MO105, 2♂; MO106, 2♂; MO109, 3♂; MO114, 1♂; MO156, 1♂; MO158: 1♂; 1♂, 1♀. Maroc-0611: MO193, 1♂; MO200, 1♂; MO207, 7♂, 1♀, 2 indet; MO208, 2♂; MO212, 3♂; MO216, 3♂; MO217, 2♂, 1♀; MO219, 4♂, 3♀; MO223, 1♂; MO229, 2♀; MO232, 1♂; MO233, 5♂, 1♀; MO236, 1♀; MO238, 1♂; MO239, 2♂, 1 indet; MO240, 2♂; MO242, 3♂, 1♀; MO243, 2♂, 1♀; MO244, 2♂, 1♀; MO245, 1♀; MO249, 1♀; MO250, 1♂, 1♀; MO258, 1♀; MO259, 1♂, 1♀, 1 indet; MO260, 1♂, 1♀; MO261, 1♂; MO264, 3♂, 1♀; MO265, 1♂; MO266, 5♂; MO267, 2♂, 2♀. Maurit-1107: MU004, 1♂; MU006, 3♂, 1 indet; MU009, 1♂; MU012, 1 indet; MU013, 1♂; MU022, 1♀; MU025, 1♂; MU027, 2♂; MU029, 2♂; MU030, 1♂; MU031, 1♂; MU033, 2♂; MU039, 1 indet; MU041, 4♂; MU047, 1♂; MU049, 1♂; MU050, 2♂; MU053, 1♂; MU054, 2♂; MU055, 1♂; MU056, 2♂; MU058, 1♂; MU060, 1♂; MU061, 1♂; MU062, 2♂; MU063, 1♂; MU065, 4♂; MU066, 3♂; MU067, 1 indet; MU068, 1♂; MU069, 1♂; MU071, 1♂; MU075, 2♂. Maurit-0811: MU080, 1♂; MU081, 1♂; MU092, 1♂, 1 indet; MU093, 3♂, 1♀; MU095, 2♂; MU110, 1♂; MU116, 1♂; MU117, 1♂; MU163, 1♂. Maurit-0911: MU193, 1 indet; MUBV07, 1♂; MUBV12, 2♂. BISSAU-0810: BS156, 1♂; BS165, 1♂; BS166, 1♂.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures of the holotype provided by Wilson (1881).</p><p>Habitat. Species collected from a wide variety of bottoms: rocky, muddy, clay, with foraminifera, pteropods, shells and sponge spicules (Bouvier 1917; Stock 1987; 1988; 1990; Forsterra et al. 2013), between 18.3 and 4850 m. Our material was collected from 414 and 1835 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Cosmopolitan species in cold and deep waters. Colossendeis macerrima has been collected from Iceland (Norman 1908), Ireland (Bamber &amp;Thurston 1995; Bamber 2002), the English Channel (Stock 1984), France (Bouvier 1917; 1923; Bamber 1983), Iberian Peninsula (Caullery 1896; Fage 1942; Stock 1978; 1990; Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995; Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla 2015), Azores (Stock 1990; Bamber 2002), Morocco (Stock 1987; Bamber &amp;Thurston 1993), Western Sahara (Bouvier 1937), Bank of Arguin (Mauritania) (Stock 1990); Senegal (Bouvier 1937), and South Africa (Flynn 1928; Barnard 1954, Stock 1963; 1981; Munilla 1988) in the East Atlantic, and from New Scotland (Hedgpeth 1948), Florida, Panama, Venezuela and Guyana (Stock 1975) in the West Atlantic. 1986). In the Pacific Ocean it is known from the Bering Sea (Child 1995), the North Pacific Basin (Turpaeva 1994), Japan (Hedgpeth 1949, Nakamura &amp; Child 1991; Miyazaki 2022), Melanesia (Child 1982; Stock 1997; Bamber 2004; 2013), New Caledonia (Stock 1994), Australia (Clark 1963; Stock 1991), New Zealand (Child 1990; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives 2009), California and Oregon (Child 1994), Gulf of Panama (Schimkewitsch 1893; Fage 1956; Stock 1975), Chile (Child 1992; Weis &amp; Melzer 2012; Forsterra et al. 2013; Araya 2016); also recorded from the Andaman and Laccadives Seas (Calman 1923) and Mozambique Channel (Fage 1956; Stock 1994) in the Indian Ocean. Our specimens were collected along all the study area, from Morocco to Guinea-Bissau.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF88E12EFF796EFAFE8064B6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF97E131FF796FDBFDBD613E.text	13289720FF97E131FF796FDBFDBD613E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Callipallene producta (G. O. Sars 1888)	<div><p>Callipallene producta (Sars, 1888)</p><p>Pallene producta Sars, 1888: 342; Sars, 1891: 36–37, L. III, figs. 2a–d.</p><p>Callipallene brevirostris producta — Stock, 1952: 6, figs. 9–11.</p><p>Callipallene producta — Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014:166–169, figs. 90–91.</p><p>Type locality— Western coast of Norway, 60–100 m.</p><p>Material examined. Maurit-0811: MU131, 1♂. Maurit-0911: MU184, 1 juvenile. MUBV08, 1♀. BISSAU-0810: BS152, 1♀ juvenile.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures given by Sars (1891). The juveniles show a shorter neck than the adults, as it is described by Stock (1952).</p><p>Habitat. This species is frequent in the shelf and continental slope from brown algae (Lehmann et al. 2014), calcareous nodules (Stock 1990), foraminifera, corals and sandy bottoms (Stock 1987) between 3 and 1900 m. Our specimens have been collected between 102 and 303 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Atlantic species mainly distributed in the northeast area, where had been collected from Norway (Sars 1888; Rigvold et al. 2015), Ireland (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1995), the English Channel (Stock 1987), the Iberian Peninsula (Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla 2015), Gibraltar (Stock 1987), south of Morocco (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993), the Canary Islands (Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives 2014) and Cape Verde Islands (Stock 1990). Also reported in the western Mediterranean Sea (Munilla 1993; Lehmann et al. 2014; Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla 2015) and from the South of Brazil (Stock 1992) in the West Atlantic. Our specimens have been collected in the South of Mauritania and Guinea-Bissau.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF97E131FF796FDBFDBD613E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF97E131FF796B1FFBD9679F.text	13289720FF97E131FF796B1FFBD9679F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nymphon adami Giltay 1937	<div><p>Nymphon adami Giltay, 1937</p><p>Nymphon adami Giltay, 1937: 84–87, figs. 2–5; Stock, 1975: 1001–1004, figs. 18, 19a–d.</p><p>Type locality —Bay of Dakar, Senegal, 22 m.</p><p>Material examined. Bissau-0810: BS191, 5♂, 4♀</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures given by Giltay (1937) and Stock (1975).</p><p>Habitat. This species has been recorded from sandy, muddy and shelly bottoms (Stock 1990), between a depth of 5 and 22 m. Our material was collected at 25 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Species only known from Northwest Africa, with records from Mauritania (Stock 1990) to Nigeria (Stock 1975). Our specimens were collected from Guinea-Bissau.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF97E131FF796B1FFBD9679F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF97E130FF796958FA81629A.text	13289720FF97E130FF796958FA81629A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nymphon gruveli Bouvier 1910	<div><p>Nymphon gruveli Bouvier, 1910</p><p>Nymphon gruveli Bouvier, 1910: 331–335, figs. 1–6; Giltay, 1937: 83–84, fig. 1; Stock, 1990: 226–227, fig. 10.</p><p>Type locality— Mission Gruvel, off Cape Blanc</p><p>Material examined. Maurit-0811: MU129, 4♂, 3♀; MU131, 1♂, 1♀; MU133, 1♀; MU142, 1♀; MU149, 3♀; MU151, 1♂, 1♀; MU156, 1♂; MU158, 1♀; MU166, 1♂, 1♀; MU167, 1♂; MU168, 2♀; MU171, 2♂. Maurit-0911: MU204, 2♂, 4♀; MU207, 1♀; MU209, 1♂; MU226, 2♂; MU228, 1♀; MU233, 1♀; MU251, 1♀; MU266, 1♀; MUBV21, 2♂. CCLME-1110: BT156, 1♂, 2♀; BT160, 1♀; BT171, 1♀; BT194, 1♀. CCLME-1205: BT432, 1♀; BT473, 1♀; BT496, 1♀.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures given by Bouvier (1910).</p><p>Habitat. This species has been reported from brown algae, sponges, bryozoans and worm tubes on both soft and hard bottoms (Stock 1990). Its bathymetric range extends from 16 to 155 m. Our material was collected between 46 and 351 m, increasing the bathymetric distribution to the upper slope.</p><p>Geographical distribution. This species is endemic to Northwest Africa, where it has been reported from Morocco to Senegal (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993). Our specimens were collected from the Western Sahara and Mauritania.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF97E130FF796958FA81629A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF96E130FF796E55FAED65BC.text	13289720FF96E130FF796E55FAED65BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nymphon anaramosae Antolínez & Ramil 2025	<div><p>Nymphon anaramosae sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 3–4)</p><p>Holotype. Bissau-0811: BS192, 1 ♂. (MNCN 20.03/984)</p><p>Etymology. This species has been dedicated to Dr. Ana Ramos for her study of the benthic fauna of the African coast.</p><p>Diagnosis. Nymphon anaramosae sp. nov. is characterized by an immovable finger with 31 teeth and movable finger with 36 teeth, 4 th and 5 th palp articles subequal, shorter femur than tibiae, tibia 2 with 4 strong ventrodistal spines, propodus slightly longer than tarsus, main claw ¾ of propodus and small auxiliary claws.</p><p>Description. Trunk slender and elongated, completely segmented. CephalonY-shaped, 0.8 times the size of the trunk; neck moderate 1½ longer than wide. Lateral processes smooth, 1.3 longer than wider and separated by the same distance as their own diameter. Abdomen upward 45º, short and conical in shape. Proboscis slightly setose cylindrical and widened in the middle part. Ocular tubercle as longer as wide; blunt with lateral sense organs; eyes pigmented. Cheliphores slightly setose; scape same length than the proboscis; chela longer than the scape; chela fingers subequal to the palm; immovable finger with 31 teeth and movable finger with 36 teeth; teeth of the movable finger shorter than those of the immovable one. Palps 5-articled; 2 nd article the longest, 4 th and 5 th articles subequal and shorter than the 3 rd article; 2 distal articles strongly setose. Oviger 10-articled. Article 5 with distal apophysis. Articles 7–10 with compound denticles, 11:10:9:11; terminal claw with 5 teeth. Legs slender and setose, 10 times as long as trunk; coxa 2 more than twice as long as coxa 1 or coxa 3, which are similar in length; femur shorter than tibia 1 and tibia 2; tibia 2 with 4 strong ventrodistal spines; tarsus slightly shorter than propodus, both with 12 ventral spines; main claw almost 3/4 of the propodus; auxiliary claws short, 5 times shorter than the main claw.</p><p>Measurements of holotype (mm): trunk length: 1.37; trunk width: 0.51; abdomen length: 0.43; Proboscis length: 0.96; width: 0.4; Cheliphore: total length: 2.21; scape: 0.96; chela: 1.24; fingers: 0.66; palm: 0.59; Palp: total length: 2.1; art.1: 0.11; art.2: 0.76; art.3: 0.54; art.4: 0.36; art.5: 0.32. Third leg: total length: 15.44; coxa 1: 0.49; coxa 2: 1.09; coxa 3: 0.5; femur: 2.56; tibia 1: 3.84; tibia 2: 4.27; tarsus: 0.92; propodus: 1.02; claw: 0.75; auxiliary claw: 0.15. Oviger length: 2.21.</p><p>Remarks. The small size of the auxiliary claws is a distinctive feature for some Nymphon species. Nymphon adami Giltay, 1937, Nymphon akanthochoeros Bamber &amp; Thurston, 1995, Nymphon benthos Hedgpeth, 1949, Nymphon brachyrhynchum Hoek, 1881, Nymphon inerme Fage, 1956, Nymphon leptocheles Sars, 1888, Nymphon nakamurai Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2015, Nymphon neumayri Gordon, 1932, Nymphon spinifex Stock, 1997 and Nymphon vulsum Stock, 1986 share this characteristic, but there are some morphological differences from N. anaramosae sp. nov. (see Table 2). The most appreciable difference is the number of finger teeth on the chela. Only one species ( N. brachyrhynchum) has more teeth (53–41 vs. 36–31); other species always have fewer teeth than observed in new species.</p><p>Related to other features included in Table 2, N. vulsum shares with N. anaramosae sp. nov. the same length sequence for palp articles (2&gt;3&gt;4 = 5) and tarsus length, slightly shorter than the propodus in both species. Nevertheless, the main claw is longer, the number of finger teeth is lower (25–27 vs. 36–31), and the number of spines in the propodus is higher (30 vs. 11).</p><p>In N. inerme, N. nakamurai, and N. neumayri, the length of the tarsus is almost equal to the propodus (close to 100%), but in N. anaramosae it is only 90% of the tarsus length. In addition, these three species have fewer teeth in fingers, the length sequences of palp articles are different, and the main claw is smaller, with the exception of N. vulsum in which the main claw is longer. Moreover, in N. inerme the ocular tubercle is absent, and in N. nakamurai the lateral processes are separated by 2–3 times their diameter. Just one species, N. akanthochoeros, shares the length of the main claw with N. anaramosae sp. nov. (3/4 of the propodus), but all the features considered in Table 2 are clearly different, and the neck is shorter and has non-pigmented eyes.</p><p>Nymphon spinifex does not share with N. anaramosae sp. nov. any of the features listed in Table 2, and the ocular tubercle and eyes are lacking, the posterior rim of trunk segments 2 and 3 display 3 and 2 long mid-dorsal setae, respectively, and the lateral processes are also associated with long setae.</p><p>Geographical distribution. The sole specimen was collected from Guinea-Bissau at 24 m depth.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF96E130FF796E55FAED65BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF93E137FF796C3AFA8E6507.text	13289720FF93E137FF796C3AFA8E6507.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nymphon saharicum Antolínez & Ramil 2025	<div><p>Nymphon saharicum sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 5–6)</p><p>Holotype. CCLME-1110: BT217, 1 ♂ (MNCN 20.03/983)</p><p>Etymology. The proposed name for this new species corresponds to the area from which the specimen was collected.</p><p>Diagnosis. Nymphon saharicum sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of a tubercle with 2 spines on the dorsal margin of the lateral process, 15 smaller teeth on the immovable finger and 11 bigger on the movable, 3 rd and 5 th palp articles subequal, one strong spine in the distal part of tibia 2 and no auxiliary claws.</p><p>Description. Trunk slender and elongated in outline, completely segmented. Cephalon T-shaped, 0.9 times the size of the trunk; neck moderate, almost twice times longer than wide. Lateral processes 2.6 times longer than wide; separated by less than their own diameter; a low dorsodistal tubercle with 2 spines. Abdomen upwards 50º, reaching half of the lateral process from the 4 th leg. Proboscis cylindrical and short, shorter than the scape. Ocular tubercle a little bit taller than wide, blunt with pigmented eyes. Cheliphores long and robust, slightly setose; chela almost 1.5 times longer than the scape; chela fingers almost twice as long as the palm; immovable finger with 15 small teeth and movable finger with 11 teeth, bigger than those of the other finger. Palp 5-articled; 2 nd article the longest, 3 rd and 5 th articles subequal, 4 th shorter than the distal one. Last 2 articles setose. Oviger 10-articled; article 5 with distal apophysis, articles 7–10 (strigilis) with compound denticles, 5:5:4:4, terminal claw with 4–5 teeth. Legs slender and setose, 8 times as long as the trunk; coxa 2 nearly twice as long as other coxae, which are subequal; tibia 2 longest segment slightly longer than tibia 1 and both longer than femur; tibia 2 with one strong ventrodistal spine; tarsus 3/4 of propodus; main claw 3/5 of propodus; no auxiliary claws. Coxa 2 of legs 3 with ventrodistal round gonopore.</p><p>Male with eggs and larvae in the ovigers.</p><p>Measurements of holotype (mm): trunk length: 1.32; trunk width: 0,3; abdomen length: 1,18; Proboscis length: 0,66; width: 0,4; Cheliphore: total length: 1,67; scape: 0,7; chela: 0,97; fingers: 0,6; palm: 0,37; Palp: total length: 1,37; art.1: 0,14; art.2: 0,48; art.3: 0,27; art.4: 0,21; art.5: 0,28. Third leg: total length: 11,01; coxa 1: 0,41; coxa 2: 1,04; coxa 3: 0,51; femur: 1,69; tibia 1: 2,29; tibia 2: 2,41; tarsus: 0,85; propodus: 1,14; claw: 0,69. Oviger length: 3,26.</p><p>Remarks. The absence of auxiliary claws is one of the most important characteristics to identify species within the genus Nymphon . The species Nymphon mauritanicum Fage, 1942, Nymphon caementarum Stock, 1975 and Nymphon granulatum Arnaud &amp; Child, 1988 all lack auxiliary claws. Nymphon mauritanicum has tubercles in the lateral process but differs from Nymphon saharicum sp. nov., because the legs are more setose, it has a couple of spines in the dorsomedian parts of trunk segments, numerous short spines in the distal part of the lateral process, and a long and setose abdomen. In N. caementarum the ocular tubercle is similar, but the lateral process is smooth, and chelae alternate between one long and one or two shorter teeth. In N. granulatum the lateral process carries tubercles with long spines, but the ocular tubercle is very tall and columnar, with two small lateral sense organs and no eyes. Nymphon caldarium Stock, 1987 reported from the Strait of Gibraltar, is another species sharing some features with N. saharicum sp. nov.; however, N. caldarium has warty tubercles on the lateral processes, a low and mucronate ocular tubercle, and ventral spines in the propodus (Stock 1987; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives 2014). In our specimen, the tubercles on the distal surface of the lateral process are simple with 2 setae, the ocular tubercle is blunt, and the propodus is smooth.</p><p>Habitat. The sole specimen was collected from the northern coast off Western Sahara at a depth of 110 m.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF93E137FF796C3AFA8E6507	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF90E136FF796FDBFF3C64AE.text	13289720FF90E136FF796FDBFF3C64AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nymphon pacitae Antolínez & Ramil 2025	<div><p>Nymphon pacitae sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 7–8)</p><p>Holotype. Maurit-0911: MU200, 1♀ (MNCN 20.03 /984).</p><p>Etymology: This species has been dedicated to the mother of the first author, Mª Pacita Fernández Fidalgo, without whose love and support she would not have come this far.</p><p>Diagnosis. Nymphon pacitae sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of a tricuspid ocular tubercle, lateral process with a conical tubercle and setae at the sides, immovable finger with 21 teeth and movable finger with 24 teeth, 3 rd, and 4 th palp articles subequal, propodus slightly longer than tarsus and main claw 1/2 of the propodus.</p><p>Description. Trunk slender and elongated, completely segmented. Cephalon Y-shape, 0.7 times the size of the trunk, low and blunt tubercle with some setae near to the insertion of each cheliphores. Neck very short, marked only by a proximal constriction. Lateral processes 1.5 longer than wider; separated by 0.2 times their own diameter, with a dorsodistal conical tubercle with a couple of setae on each of the sides. Abdomen conical straight a little bit downward, reaching the end of the 1 st coxa from 4 th leg. Proboscis globular and short, 1.5 times longer than wide. Ocular tubercle 2 times longer than wide and 45º inclined in the direction of the proboscis; tricuspidate tip; the central tubercle bigger than the 2 lateral sense organs that are disposed anterior of the tip; eyes full pigmented. Cheliphores long and robust; scape longer that the proboscis; chela more than twice as long as the scape; chela fingers almost 3 times longer than the palm, with the immovable finger with 21 teeth and movable finger with 24, all similar size. Palp 5-articled; 2 nd article the longest; 3 rd and 4 th about equal in length; 5 th article slightly longer than the previous one; the 2 distal articles especially setose. Oviger 10-articled: 5th article the longest; articles 7–10 (strigilis) with compound denticles, 6:5:3:5; terminal claw armed with 7 teeth. Legs relatively slender, 6 times as long as trunk; coxa 2 nearly twice as long as coxa 1 or coxa 3; femur wide and curved; tibia 1 1.5 times longer than the femur; tibia 2 slightly longer than the femur; tarsus 2/3 the length of the propodus; propodus slightly curved; main claw a little more than 1/2 of the propodus; no auxiliary claws. Female gonopores located ventrodistal on coxa 2 of the four pairs of legs: oocytes in femur of all legs.</p><p>Measurements of holotype (mm): trunk length: 1.38; trunk width: 0.58; abdomen length: 1.18; Proboscis length: 1.01; width: 0.68; Cheliphore: total length: 3.82; scape: 0.7; chela: 1.56; fingers: 1.17; palm: 0.4; Palp: total length: 1.17; art.1: 0.15; art.2: 0.42; art.3: 0.19; art.4: 0.17; art.5: 0.23. Third leg: total length: 8.59; coxa 1: 0.45; coxa 2: 0.89; coxa 3: 0.56; femur: 1.41; tibia 1: 2.13; tibia 2: 1.7; tarsus: 0.41; propodus: 0.67; claw: 0.37. Oviger length: 3.67.</p><p>Remarks. The presence of a tricuspidate ocular tubercle formed by the mucronate tip and the anterior position of the lateral sense organs is reminiscent of the ocular tubercle present in Nymphon tricuspidatum Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla, 2011, collected from the continental slope off Asturias and Galicia (Spain). However, in N. tricuspidatum, the eyes are slightly pigmented, lateral processes are smooth, and the chela have 21–31 long teeth with 4–6 smaller teeth between them (Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla, 2011; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014). In our specimen, the eyes are fully pigmented, the lateral process carries a dorsal protuberance, and the teeth of the chela are uniform in size, clearly separating both species.</p><p>Nymphon granulatum Arnaud &amp; Child 1988 and Nymphon grus Stock, 1991 share some features with N. pacitae sp. nov. such as the presence of tubercles or spines in the lateral process, the absence of auxiliary claws, and a similar number of teeth in the chela, but there are also some differences. In N. granulatum the ocular process is tall but blind, with very small lateral sense organs and main claw less than half the length of the propodus. Nymphon grus has a long neck, the ocular process is low and blunt, and the main claw is 2/3 the length of the propodus. In addition, in both species article 3 of the palp is longer than article 5.</p><p>Geographical distribution. The sole specimen was collected from the northern coasts of Mauritania at 352 m depth.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF90E136FF796FDBFF3C64AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF9DE13BFF796E6BFC256160.text	13289720FF9DE13BFF796E6BFC256160.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anoplodactylus arnaudae Stock 1978	<div><p>Anoplodactylus arnaudae Stock, 1978</p><p>Anoplodactylus arnaudae Stock, 1978a: 217–219, fig. 10; Bamber, 2010: 198–199, fig. 235; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014: 185–186, fig. 101.</p><p>Type locality— Thalassa Stat. Z426, 48º28'02"N 09º39'01"W, 860 m.</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-0411: MO09, 1♀.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures of the holotype provided by Stock (1978a).</p><p>Habitat. This species has been found in the continental slope, from bottoms of fine sand, gravel and sandy mud with foraminifera, corals and pteropods (Stock 1978; 1984; 1987), between 165 and 1350 m depth. Our material was collected at 1213 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Anoplodactylus arnaudae is a northeast Atlantic species, reported from the English Channel (Stock 1978), Ireland (Stock 1984), Bank of Galicia (Stock 1991), Azores (Bamber 2010), South of the Iberian Peninsula (Stock 1987; Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives 2014), South of Morocco and Western Sahara (Bamber &amp; Thurston 1993). Our specimen was collected in the north of Morocco.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF9DE13BFF796E6BFC256160	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF9DE13BFF796CCCFC58672B.text	13289720FF9DE13BFF796CCCFC58672B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anoplodactylus oculatus Carpenter 1905	<div><p>Anoplodactylus oculatus Carpenter, 1905</p><p>Anoplodactylus oculatus Carpenter, 1905: 4–5, L. II, figs. 7–11; Bamber, 2010: 202–203, fig. 237: Munilla &amp; Soler-Membrives, 2014: 188–190, fig. 103.</p><p>Type locality— 50 miles W.N.W. of Tearaght, Ireland, 559.61 m</p><p>Material examined. Maroc-0411: MO09, 1♀. Maroc-0611: MO263, 1♂.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures of the holotype given by Carpenter (1905).</p><p>Habitat. This species has been recorded in the continental shelf and slope, between 3 and 905 m. Our material was collected between 410 and 1213 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Species with an area of distribution restricted to the Northeast Atlantic, with records from West Ireland (Carpenter 1905), the English Channel (Stock 1978) and the north of Portugal (Soler-Membrives &amp; Munilla 2015). Our specimes were collected from the north coast of Morocco to the north of Western Sahara, which increases its geographical distribution towards the south.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF9DE13BFF796CCCFC58672B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF9DE13BFF796AF9FEFB6519.text	13289720FF9DE13BFF796AF9FEFB6519.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anoplodactylus polignaci Bouvier 1914	<div><p>Anoplodactylus polignaci Bouvier, 1914</p><p>Anoplodactylus polignaci Bouvier, 1914: 224–226, figs. 1–3; Hedgpeth, 1948: 230, fig. 30 a–d; Stock, 1966: 53–54, fig. 3c.</p><p>Type locality— Sylvana, off Bubak Islands, Guinea-Bissau, 25–30 m.</p><p>Material examined. CCLME-1110: BT160, 1♂.</p><p>Remarks. Our material agrees with the description and figures of the holotype provided by Bouvier (1914).</p><p>Habitat. This species had been reported from shells and foraminifera bottoms (Stock 1966), between 25 and 50 m. Our material was collected at 47 m.</p><p>Geographical distribution. Anoplodactylus polignaci had been previously recorded from Florida (Hedgpeth 1948) and from Guinea (Bouvier 1914; Fage 1942; Stock 1966). Our specimen was collected from the north of Mauritania.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF9DE13BFF796AF9FEFB6519	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
13289720FF9CE13FFF796FDBFB18630E.text	13289720FF9CE13FFF796FDBFB18630E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anoplodactylus valeriae Antolínez & Ramil 2025	<div><p>Anoplodactylus valeriae sp. nov.</p><p>(Fig. 9–10)</p><p>Holotype. BISSAU-0810: BS152, 1♂ (MNCN 20.03/986)</p><p>Etymology. This species has been dedicated to the niece of the first author, Valeria Ruiz Antolínez, hoping one day she found so much love in the ocean as her aunt does.</p><p>Diagnosis. Anoplodactylus valeriae sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of a conical dorsodistal tubercle in the lateral process, ocular tubercle conical, propodus with 3 strong spines on the heel and a distal lamina extending 37% of the sole length, a single tubular (o conical?) cement gland duct on femur of the last 3 pairs of legs.</p><p>Description. Trunk slender, without segmentation. Cephalon rectangular, 1.5 times longer than wider. Lateral processes 1.4 times longer than wider; separated by less than their own diameter; armed with a conical dorsodistal tubercle. Abdomen long and conical in shape, elevated 38º. Proboscis long and slightly widened in the middle. Ocular tubercle 1.5 times longer than wide, conical and inclined in the direction of the proboscis, with the distal part pointed and curved; eyes pigmented. Cheliphores shorter than the proboscis and slightly setose; chela half longer than the scape; chela fingers more or less equal than the palm; without teeth. Palps and even palps buds lacking. Oviger 6-articled; 2nd article slightly curve, 3 rd article the longest, distal claw absent. Legs slender and setose, nearly 4 times as long as trunk; coxa 1 with two dorsodistal tubercles; coxa 2 subequal to sum of the others and with a genital spur on the ventrodistal margin of the 3 rd and 4 th pair of legs; femur the longest article, tibia 1 and tibia 2 subequal; single femoral cement gland duct conical shaped and located dorsally in the middle part of the femur, on the last 3 pairs of legs; tarsus short with one ventral spine; propodus straight, heel prominent with 2 strong spines follow by 2 fine spines; sole with 5 slightly curved spines following by some small ones; distal lamina extending 37% of sole length; main claw subequal to the sole; auxiliary claws lateral and very short.</p><p>Measurements of holotype (mm): trunk length: 1.01; trunk width: 0.24; abdomen length: 0.34; Proboscis length: 0.71; width: 0.24; Cheliphore: total length: 0.64; scape: 0.44; chela: 0.2; fingers: 0.1; palm: 0.1. Third leg: total length: 3.98; coxa 1: 0.21; coxa 2: 0.41; coxa 3: 0.28; femur: 0.84; tibia 1: 0.74; tibia 2: 0.74; tarsus: 0.08; propodus: 0.39; claw: 0.29; auxiliary claw: 0.02. Oviger length: 1.84.</p><p>Remarks. The presence of an unsegmented trunk, a lateral process bearing a dorsodistal tubercle, a conical ocular tubercle, a long propodal lamina, and a single tubular cement gland duct are distinctive features of Anoplodactylus valerie . Within the Anoplodactylus genus only one species, Anoplodactylus prominens Bamber &amp; Takahashi, 2005 brings together all the characteristics. However, there are obvious differences that clearly separate both species. In A. prominens the trunk is relatively compact (L/W ratio 1.29) but slender (L/W ratio 4.25) in the new species. Moreover, A. prominens has a short neck, lateral processes are separated by less than half the diameter, in addition to the main tubercle there are 1–4 minute dorsodistal tubercles each bearing a seta, and the abdomen is short (L/W ratio 1.5). By contrast, in A. valeriae sp. nov. the neck is longer, lateral processes are separated by almost their own diameter, they are devoid of dorsodistal minute tubercles, and the abdomen is longer (L/W ratio 2.26). The chela fingers and the two terminal oviger articles carry setae in A. prominens but not in our species. The legs are relatively compact with numerous strong protuberances bearing a short seta, and a prominent genital spur is located on coxa 2 of the 4 th leg in A. prominens, compared with slender legs devoid of protuberances, with genital spurs located on coxa 2 of 3 rd and 4 th legs, and a shorter propodal lamina (25% vs. 37%) in A. valeriae sp. nov.</p><p>Other species, namely Anoplodactylus justi Müller, 1992, Anoplodactylus vemae Child, 1982 and Anoplodactylus vulcanus Child, 1992 share several but not all of the aforementioned features (see Table 3). Specifically, in A. justi the ocular tubercle is tall but capped with a triangular cone, coxa 1 carries laterodistal setae but not dorsodistal tubercles, and the propodal lamina is shorter (25% vs. 37%). In A. vemae the lateral process has no distal tubercle, palp buds are present, and the propodal lamina is shorter (25% vs. 37%). In Anoplodactylus vulcanus the trunk is compact, tubercles of the lateral process carry a seta, the propodal lamina is longer (75% vs. 37%), and the femoral cement gland duct develops a volcano-like swelling.</p><p>Finally, we want to highlight that although in our specimen the apical cone of the eye tubercle is bent forward, this feature may be the result of a deformation that occurred during the sampling process, and it is likely that the apical cone is normally erect. Therefore, new materials should be studied to elucidate the true shape of the ocular tubercle in this species.</p><p>Geographical distribution. The sole specimen was collected in Guinea-Bissau at 303 m depth .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/13289720FF9CE13FFF796FDBFB18630E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Antolínez, Henar;Ramil, Fran	Antolínez, Henar, Ramil, Fran (2025): Sea spiders (Class: Pycnogonida) from northwest Africa with the description of 4 new species. Zootaxa 5689 (3): 401-438, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5689.3.1
