identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1157AE721413FFBD89A85D48FAACFE02.text	1157AE721413FFBD89A85D48FAACFE02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips Bhatti	<div><p>Arorathrips Bhatti</p><p>Arorathrips Bhatti 1990: 194 . Type Species: Chirothrips mexicanus Crawford by original designation.</p><p>Female. Macropterous. Antennal segment I enlarged, wider than long, at least 2.5 times as wide as base of II; segment II strongly produced laterally and diagonally oriented, normally with an apical sense cone (Fig. 1) or seta, rarely subapical. Head produced anterior of compound eyes, interantennal process conical and not projecting beyond antennal segment I; lateral margin of vertex variously produced between eye and antennal socket; vertex with short, stout setae. Pronotum with many short, stout, spine-like or fine setae; 0, 1 or 2 pairs of developed posteroangular setae. Mesonotum with a pair of median setae far anterior of posterior margin, a pair of setae on or slightly anterior of posterior margin. Mesosternal furcal invaginations separated (although barely so in A. nigriceps). Metanotum with median pair of short setae far posterior of anterior margin, shorter to subequal with lateral setae on anterior margin; a pair of campaniform sensilla present. Fore wings with costal setae. Abdominal tergites with few to numerous discal setae; posteromarginal flange overlapping posterior part of tergite; abdominal segments IX and X short; sternites with or without posteromarginal lobes; ovipositor short, usually less than 160 µm long.</p><p>Male. A pterous or brachypterous. Smaller and usually paler than females. Abdominal sternites III–VII each with small oval to rather large transversely oval or oblong glandular area.</p><p>Comments. Sixteen species are assigned here to this genus. Of the four species placed in Arorathrips by Bhatti (1990), A. crassiscelis (zur Strassen), A. mexicanus (Crawford) and A. sensitivus (Andre) are congeneric, but A. mongolicus (zur Strassen) from Mongolia belongs in Chirothrips (Revised Combination) because the mesosternal furcal invaginations are approximated, antennal segment I is not enlarged and segment II is only angulated laterally. The fore tibia of each of these four species has a well developed outer apical process (Fig. 11), which was one of the three anatomical characters Bhatti used to define the genus. However, the fore tibial outer apical process is slightly to moderately developed in several species in other genera, and the process is here considered a specific character. All species retained in Arorathrips as here defined are thus endemic to the New World.</p><p>Arorathrips includes three species groups and four miscellaneous species. Members of the mexicanus group, consisting of A. crassiscelis, A. crenulatus (Hood), A. mexicanus and A. sensitivus, have dermal tuberculate scallops in a row (Fig. 9) or band (Fig. 10) on the anterior part of abdominal tergites, on sternites and on mesonotum of some species; metanotal campaniform sensilla are positioned at midlength or slightly posterior on the notum; and there are five pairs of dorsal setae on abdominal tergites III–VII. Fore tibial outer apical process is as long as, or longer than, first tarsal segment except shorter in A. crenulatus .</p><p>Members of the crassus group, consisting of A. crassus (Hood), A. fulvus (Moulton), A. oneillae (Watts) and A. spiniceps, (Hood) have minute teeth on the mesonotal sculpture lines (Fig. 14); anterior 1/3 to almost 1/2 of abdominal tergites are differentiated from rest of the tergite by the derm normally being paler and with a series of close-set transverse striae (Fig. 15) which may be finely crenulated or granulose; fore tibial outer apical process is not developed; metanotal campaniform sensilla are near the posterior margin; abdominal tergites III–VII with 5–6 pairs of dorsal setae, except in A. fulvus which has 9–15 pairs of longer setae on the submarginal–lateral area; and sternites without tuberculated scallops or posteromarginal lobes.</p><p>Species in the vestis group, consisting of A. dorsalis (Hood), A. sericatus (Hood), A. texanus (Andre), and A.</p><p>vestis (Hood), have numerous setae on the dorsum and venter of the head and body, and the pronotum is weakly or not sculptured. Otherwise, these species are similar anatomically to species in the crassus group. A. childersi, new species, A. lenape (Hood), A. nigriceps (Hood) and A. xanthius (Hood) cannot be placed in any group.</p><p>Arorathrips shares with Konothrips, the other genus in the Western Hemisphere, enlarged antennal segment I, laterally produced segment II and separated mesosternal furcal invaginations. It differs from Konothrips by by having bristle-like or short, stout mesonotal median setae far anterior of the posterior margin and pair of similar setae on or near the posterior margin, or numerous stout setae; well developed posteromarginal flange that overlaps posterior part of abdominal tergites; usually with several costal setae between base and first anterior fringe cilia on fore wing; lateral projection of antennal segment II lacks a distinct membranous gland on apex of process except in A. xanthius; and abdominal tergal and sternal striations are oriented transversely, reticulated or scalloped and only slightly diagonally oriented on the submargins. Conversely, Konothrips has 4–6 conical or spine-like discal setae in median area of the mesonotum; posteromarginal flange is short and arises from posterior margin of abdominal tergite; fore wing has 0–1 costal seta basal of first anterior fringe cilia; antennal segment II has a distinct membranous gland on apex of lateral process that protrudes over the sense cone; and abdominal tergal and sternal striae are strongly diagonally or longitudinally oriented on the submargins.</p><p>Arorathrips childersi sp. n. (Figs 1–7)</p><p>Female. Macropterous. Head brown, thorax lighter yellowish brown, abdomen lighter than thorax, yellow with grayish brown shading, except segment IX entirely yellow; legs brownish yellow; antennal segment I brown, II brownish yellow basally becoming gradually light yellow distally, III yellowish brown, IV darker yellowish brown than III, V–VIII brown; ocellar crescent red; fore wings yellow with light grayish brown tinge; body and fore wing setae light grayish yellow.</p><p>Antenna (Fig 1): Segment I enlarged, diagonally aligned on head, about 2.7 times wider than base of II; segment II strongly produced laterally, lateral margin concave, narrowed at base, anterior margin of projection arched, diagonal dimension from apex of process to base of inner margin about 62 µm, from apex to base of lateral margin about 54 µm; subapical sense cone, about 5 µm long, projecting beyond apex; mediad of sense cone, a short dorsal seta, medially a short dorsal and a ventral setae, short dorsal and ventral setae on inner margin near apex of segment; segment IV about as long as wide; segment VIII shorter than VII; sense cones simple on III and IV, short, about 5 µm long, sense cone on segment V poorly developed, inner sense cone on VI positioned about midlength of segment.</p><p>Head (Fig. 2): Prolonged anterior of eyes, longer than wide, lateral margin of vertex anterior of compound eyes about as long as occiput, slightly diverging cephalad to obtuse angle with diagonal anterior margin; compound eyes about 3 times longer than cheeks; 5 short setae on vertex; ocellar setae anterior of fore ocellus by about diameter of ocellus; venter with normal compliment of setae; mouthcone shorter than head, broadly rounded apically.</p><p>Thorax: Setae short, bristle-like. Pronotum (Fig. 3): subtrapezoidal, anterior margin considerably shorter than posterior margin, completely sculptured with transverse, scalloped lines; about 50 short, fine, discal setae, about 7 µm long; posterior margin with 20 short, fine setae, longest about 12 µm long, posteroangular setae not developed. Prosternum (Fig. 6) with basantra membranous, weakly textured, setae absent; ferna divided, indistinct, separation from basantra obscure; prospinasternum apparently a narrow transverse band with spina inserted into the mesosternum; membranous area between ferna and prospinasternum with rows of distinct fine granulose-spinulose sculpture. Mesonotum (Fig. 4): sculptured with transverse, scalloped lines, lines lacking minute teeth or not tuberculate; anteromedian campaniform sensilla farther apart than submedian setae; submedian setae far anterior of posterior margin, posterior setae slightly anterior of posterior margin. Mesosternal furca (Fig. 6) with invaginations separated by more than width of mesothoracic coxae. Metanotum (Fig. 5): sculptured almost completely with transverse scalloped lines except few striae longitudinally oriented near lateral margins; submedian setae slightly shorter than lateral setae, far apart by 45 µm, positioned about anterior 1/3 of notum; campaniform sensilla cephalad of and farther apart than median setae. Fore legs: Enlarged, apex of femora not reflected, fore tibiae apically truncate.</p><p>Fore wings: Rather straight, tapering to blunt apex; with 14 costal setae, 1–2 basal of anterior fringe cilia, those at midlength about as long as width of wing; 19 anterior fringe cilia, wavy; 5 basal setae in proximal 1/2 and 2 setae in distal 1/2 on fore vein; 5 setae on hindvein; scale with 4 or 5 marginal and 1 discal setae.</p><p>Abdomen: Tergites (Fig 7) with sculpture lines scalloped; antecostal ridge not evident; median seta in caudal 1/3 of tergites, shorter than 4 setae laterad to it on tergites II–VII; median campaniform sensilla on II–VIII far anterior of median setae; posteromarginal flange 1/4 to 3/10 as long as tergite, overlapping posterior part of tergite, posterior margin with irregular teeth; tergite IX slightly shorter than X; segment X conical. Pleurotergites with posteromarginal teeth. Sternites with sculpture transverse, reticulated or striae slightly scalloped; posteromargins without lobes or flange; sternite I with 2 anteromedian setae; sternite II with 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae, III–VII with 3 pairs on posterior margin, median pair on VII closer to each other than to B2 setae; ovipositor 153 µm long.</p><p>Measurements of holotype: Body length 1.28 mm. Other measurements in µm. Antenna: Total length 215; length, width of segment I 24, 47, II 40, 44; III 37, 25; IV 27, 27; V 30, 24; VI 32, 20; VII 15, 71; VIII 10, 5. Head: length from interantennal process 42, margin anterior of eyes 17 long, compound eye 54 long, occiput 15 long. Pronotum 183 long, 128 wide at anterior margin, 321 wide at posterior margin. Fore wings 776 long, 50 wide at midlength. Abdominal tergite IX 62 long, X 72 long. Setae: tergite IX with B1 setae 101 long, B2 setae 91–99 long; tergite X with B1 setae 117 long.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Type material. Holotype female, U.S.A., Florida, Hendry Co. 5–7 miles south of LaBelle, sticky card in navel orange orchard, 9-III-92, C. C. Childers (USNM).</p><p>Distribution. United States (Florida).</p><p>Etymology. Species named in honor of Carl C. Childers, the collector of the specimen.</p><p>Comments. Although only a single specimen is available, it is distinct enough that it is unlikely to fall within the variation exhibited by the known species. The postocular setae and part of interocular area of the head could not be observed because of the obstruction caused by the bleeding of the pigmentation from the compound eyes. Also the shape of prospinasternum is difficult to observe.</p><p>This species is distinquished from other Arorathrips species as follows: head and body have few setae; vertex of head has five setae; pronotum lacks developed posteroangular setae, and discal setae are short, fine, bristle-like; fore tibia lacks outer distal process; mesonotum lacks tuberculate scallops, and sculpture lines lack minute teeth; metanotum is almost completely sculptured with transverse scalloped lines, median setae are far apart and the campaniform sensilla are anterior to the median setae; abdominal sternites lack posteromarginal lobes or flange.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721413FFBD89A85D48FAACFE02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721417FFBD89A85D70FE55FCF4.text	1157AE721417FFBD89A85D70FE55FCF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips crassiscelis	<div><p>Arorathrips crassiscelis (zur Strassen)</p><p>Chirothrips crassiscelis zur Strassen 1967a: 24. Arorathrips crassiscelis (zur Strassen); Bhatti 1990: 196. Distribution: Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721417FFBD89A85D70FE55FCF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721417FFBD89A85C3DFDEFFC08.text	1157AE721417FFBD89A85C3DFDEFFC08.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips crassus (Hinds) Hinds	<div><p>Arorathrips crassus (Hinds) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips crassus Hinds 1902: 136 .</p><p>Chirothrips obesus Hinds 1902: 137; Hood 1939a: 464.</p><p>Chirothrips obesus var. hubbeli Watson 1926: 58; Hood 1939a: 464. Distribution: Canada (QC) (Chiasson 1986), United States (AR, DE, FL, GA, IA, IL, IN, MA, NJ, NY, OH, SC, TN, VA) (Watts 1972, Beshear 1973).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721417FFBD89A85C3DFDEFFC08	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721417FFBD89A85B21FD92FB44.text	1157AE721417FFBD89A85B21FD92FB44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips crenulatus (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Arorathrips crenulatus (Hood) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips crenulatus Hood 1927b: 130 .</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB, MB) (Chiasson 1986), United States (CO, KS, NB, ND, NM, OK, SD, WY) (Watts 1972, Huntsinger &amp; Balsbaugh 1982).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721417FFBD89A85B21FD92FB44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721417FFBD89A85BEDFCFCFA90.text	1157AE721417FFBD89A85BEDFCFCFA90.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips dorsalis (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Arorathrips dorsalis (Hood) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips dorsalis Hood 1939b: 560 .</p><p>Distribution: United States (GA, TX).</p><p>Comments: This species is known only from the holotype.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721417FFBD89A85BEDFCFCFA90	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721417FFBD89A85A99FE0EF970.text	1157AE721417FFBD89A85A99FE0EF970.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips fulvus (Moulton) Moulton	<div><p>Arorathrips fulvus (Moulton)</p><p>Chirothrips fulvus Moulton 1936: 182 .</p><p>Arorathrips fulvus (Moulton); Mound and Marullo 1996: 94. Chirothrips dolosus De Santis 1967: 5; Mound and Marullo 1996: 94. Distribution: United States (TN, TX, HI), Argentina, Uruguay (zur Strassen 1960). Comments: The abdominal tergites have 9–15 setae on each side and those located submarginally and laterally are longer than the median setae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721417FFBD89A85A99FE0EF970	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721417FFBD89A859B9FDC6F8A8.text	1157AE721417FFBD89A859B9FDC6F8A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips lenape (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Arorathrips lenape (Hood) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips lenape Hood 1938: 355 .</p><p>Distribution: United States (NJ, NY, WI).</p><p>Comments: Abdominal sternal sculpture lines are scalloped and the posterior scallops surpass the posterior margin and resemble lobes on the margin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721417FFBD89A859B9FDC6F8A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721417FFB289A85881FDF0FE92.text	1157AE721417FFB289A85881FDF0FE92.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips mexicanus (Crawford) Crawford	<div><p>Arorathrips mexicanus (Crawford)</p><p>Chirothrips mexicana D.L. Crawford 1909: 114 . Arorathrips mexicanus (Crawford); Bhatti 1990: 196.</p><p>Chirothrips floridensis Watson 1920: 21; Andre 1939: 197 .</p><p>Chirothrips floridensis var. catchingsi Watson 1924: 76; Hood 1927a: 112.</p><p>Chirothrips saltensis Tapia 1952: 109; zur Strassen 1960: 174.</p><p>Distribution: United States (AR, AZ, CA, FL, GA, HI, IL, MS, NC, NM, OK, TN, TX), Mexico, Central America, Caribbean Islands, Colombia, Brazil, Argentina, Mozambique, South Africa, Zimbawe, Philippines, Thailand, Australia (Jacot-Guillarmod 1971).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721417FFB289A85881FDF0FE92	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721418FFB289A85E9CFEEEFD02.text	1157AE721418FFB289A85E9CFEEEFD02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips nigriceps (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Arorathrips nigriceps (Hood)</p><p>Chirothrips nigriceps Hood 1952: 147 .</p><p>Arorathrips nigriceps (Hood); Mound and Marullo 1996: 94.</p><p>Distribution: Brazil.</p><p>Comments: This species is known only from the holotype and one female paratype. Antennal segment II is strongly angulate with rather straight anterior margin and resembles those of some Chirothrips species. The invaginations of the mesosternal furca are barely separated by about 7 µm. Abdominal sternites have tuberculate scallops and low lobes on posterior margin. The head is brown, pronotum is yellow with a medial pale brown longitudinal area, pterothorax is shaded light brown, abdomen and legs are yellow, and fore wing is light brown with pale base.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721418FFB289A85E9CFEEEFD02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721418FFB289A85C2CFE2AFC3A.text	1157AE721418FFB289A85C2CFE2AFC3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips oneillae (Watts) Watts	<div><p>Arorathrips oneillae (Watts) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips oneillae Watts 1972: 589 .</p><p>Distribution: United States (AR, SC).</p><p>Comments: This species has many short, stout setae on the head, pronotum and venter of meso- and metasternum, and a few setae on the basantra.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721418FFB289A85C2CFE2AFC3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721418FFB289A85CF4FB57FAE6.text	1157AE721418FFB289A85CF4FB57FAE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips sensitivus (Andre) Andre	<div><p>Arorathrips sensitivus (Andre)</p><p>Chirothrips sensitivus Andre 1939: 198 .</p><p>Arorathrips sensitivus (Andre); Bhatti 1990: 196.</p><p>Chirothrips talpoides Hood 1939a: 466; Jacot-Guillarmod 1971: 483. Distribution: United States (FL).</p><p>Comments: Antennal segment I is more elongate than in other North American species and is only slightly wider than long. The head is greatly prolonged anterior of the eyes. The tibial process is about as long as tarsal segments I plus II, as wide as the tarsal segments. The lateral part of the tibia is strongly sculptured.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721418FFB289A85CF4FB57FAE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721418FFB289A85A30FA47FA1E.text	1157AE721418FFB289A85A30FA47FA1E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips sericatus (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Arorathrips sericatus (Hood) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips sericatus Hood 1949a: 18 .</p><p>Distribution: Brazil, Uruguay.</p><p>Comments: This species has submarginal and lateral setae on abdominal tergites subequal to the median setae in contrast to other species in the vestis group with submarginal and lateral setae 2–3 times longer than median setae.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721418FFB289A85A30FA47FA1E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721418FFB289A85918FE8FF8FE.text	1157AE721418FFB289A85918FE8FF8FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips spiniceps (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Arorathrips spiniceps (Hood)</p><p>Chirothrips spiniceps Hood 1915: 12 .</p><p>Arorathrips spiniceps (Hood); Mound and Marullo 1996: 95.</p><p>Chirothrips sacchari Moulton 1936: 181; Hood 1939a: 464.</p><p>Distribution: United States (AZ, CA, FL, HI, IL, KS, LA, MA, NC, OK, SC, TX, UT, VA), Bermuda, Cuba, Mexico, Argentina, Papua, Solomon Is. (zur Strassen 1960, 1967a, Watts 1972); a quarantine interception from Thailand in 2003.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721418FFB289A85918FE8FF8FE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721418FFB389A85838FB4CFD79.text	1157AE721418FFB389A85838FB4CFD79.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips texanus (Andre) Andre	<div><p>Arorathrips texanus (Andre) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips texanus Andre 1939: 200 .</p><p>Chirothrips auriventris Hood 1939a: 469; Andre, in Bailey 1949: 78. Chirothrips spinosus Moulton 1946: 56 syn.n.</p><p>Chirothrips pubescens Hood 1949a: 20; zur Strassen 1975: 78.</p><p>Distribution: United States (GA, IL, LA, MS, ND, NM, OK, TX); Mexico, Haiti, Brazil, Paraguay (Watts 1972). Comments: Chirothrips auriventris known from NM, OK, TX and Mexico (records based on examined material) appears to be a form of A. texanus with a slightly smaller and slightly different shaped antennal segment II. When three dimensions (length from apex of lateral angulation to inner margin, apex of angulation to base of lateral margin, and apex of angulation to base of inner margin) of segment II were analysed for both taxa, those of A. auriventris were consistantly similar and separable from those of A. texanus . However, the differences in the measurements were small and therefore, the senior author decided to continue treating C. auriventris as a junior synonym. According to the description of spinosus from Haiti, which is represented only by the holotype and a paratype, the fore wings are pale and the outer posteroangular setae are 43 µm long and the inner pair 26 µm long. The paratype examined in this study has similarly longer outer pair (48 µm long) than the inner pair (27 µm long). These specimens were collected in 1929 and described in 1946. Thus the color of the fore wing could have faded during the 17 year interval in alcohol. The fore wings of C. texanus and C. pubescens are light brown with the base pale and, according to Andre (1939), pronotal posteroangular setae of C. texanus are 40–49 µm long. Although C. spinosus has a longer body and antenna, it cannot be distinguished reliably from C. texanus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721418FFB389A85838FB4CFD79	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721419FFB389A85DB6FB90FCEF.text	1157AE721419FFB389A85DB6FB90FCEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips vestis (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Arorathrips vestis (Hood) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips vestis Hood 1915: 15 .</p><p>Distribution: United States (FL, GA, KY, NC, NJ, SC, TN, VA (Watts 1972: 593)).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721419FFB389A85DB6FB90FCEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721419FFB389A85C4DFCDEFB68.text	1157AE721419FFB389A85C4DFCDEFB68.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Arorathrips xanthius (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Arorathips xanthius (Hood)</p><p>Chirothrips xanthius Hood 1934: 408 .</p><p>Arorathips xanthius (Hood); Mound and Marullo 1996: 95.</p><p>Chirothrips oryzae De Santis 1968: 254; Mound and Marullo 1996: 95.</p><p>Distribution: Panama, Argentina, Brazil.</p><p>Comments: A paratype of C. oryzae in the USNM apparently has a tooth on the first tarsal segment on each side. A tooth on the first tarsal segment is unusual and because the tarsi are collapsed, it is considered an artefact. Antennal segments I–III and most of IV and V are yellow. The head is brown and body is bright yellow with the apex of abdominal segment X brown. A specimen examined from Brazil was anatomically similar but the body and antenna were shaded more extensively brownish yellow.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721419FFB389A85C4DFCDEFB68	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE72141BFFB189A85F98FB68FB62.text	1157AE72141BFFB189A85F98FB68FB62.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips Haliday	<div><p>Chirothrips Haliday</p><p>Thrips subgenus Chirothrips Haliday 1836: 444 . Type Species: Thrips (Chirothrips) manicata Haliday, by monotypy. Chirothrips: Amyot and Serville 1843 .</p><p>Female. Macropterous or rarely brachypterous. Antennal segment I not enlarged and less than 2.5 times as wide base of II; II symmetrical, asymmetrical, apical part angulate or produced laterally, thin seta on apex of angulation or process or 1 or 2 setae subapical on lateral margin. Head slightly to greatly produced anterior of eyes; vertex with 12 or fewer pairs of short setae, venter with normal bristle-like setae. Pronotum with 2 pairs of well developed posteroangular setae, and relatively few short discal setae; basantra membranous, setae absent; prospinasternum a sclerotized band with conical spina. Fore tibia without outer apical process. Mesonotum with bristle-like median setae far anterior of posterior margin; posterior setae on margin or slightly anterior; mesosternal furcal invaginations approximated. Metanotum with 2 pairs of bristle-like setae. Abdominal tergites with sculpture lines oriented transversely or anastomosing; tergites with posteromarginal lobes, or continuous transverse flange, extending from posterior margin or slightly overlapping tergite. Abdominal sternites with or without posteromarginal flange or lobes. Ovipositor usually well developed.</p><p>Male. Brachypterous. Smaller than females. Head without ocelli; mesosternal furcal invaginations slightly separated in male of C. aculeatus and in occasional male of other species; other anatomical structures may differ from those of females in shapes and sizes, or may be present or absent. Glandular areas present on abdominal sternites.</p><p>Comments. With the assignment of 16 species previously in Chirothrips to Arorathrips, one to Konothrips and one to Oelschlaegera, 17 species remain in this genus in the New World. Arorathrips and Konothrips have separated mesosternal furcal invaginations, enlarged antennal segment I, and segment II is strongly angulate or prolonged anterior laterally, with an apical or subapical sense cone or seta. In Chirothrips, the invaginations of the mesosternal furca are not separated (except for males of some species), antennal segment I is not enlarged, segment II is symmetrical or asymmetrically angulate or produced anterior laterally and with small apical or subapical setae. The differences between Chirothrips and Oelschlaegera are discussed in the comments for the latter genus. The adventive species are Chirothrips aculeatus Bagnall, C. hamatus Trybom and C. manicatus Haliday from Europe, and C. frontalis Williams, possibly from southern Africa (although described from Argentina).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE72141BFFB189A85F98FB68FB62	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE72141BFFB489A85BE8FCA8F88E.text	1157AE72141BFFB489A85BE8FCA8F88E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips hemingi	<div><p>Chirothrips hemingi sp.n.</p><p>(Figs 18–30)</p><p>Female. Macropterous. Body brown with orange-red internal pigments, or abdomen yellowish brown with posterior three segments darker brown; legs brown except fore tarsi yellow, mid- and hind tarsi yellow or yellowish brown, fore tarsi distally yellow, brown basally; ocellar crescent red; fore wings light yellow, distally light brownish yellow, fore- and hind vein darker yellow; body setae brown, fore wing setae yellow or brownish yellow; antenna brown except segment III light brown or yellowish brown with pedicel pale, II with lateral process yellowish brown.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 18): Segment I about twice as wide as base of segment II; segment II with inner margin convex, lateral margin diverging from base distally to subapical seta or initially diverging and then bulging outward to subapical seta and projecting laterad as a subtruncate, blunt or pointed, sclerotized process; segments IV and V gradually widening distally to position of subapical setae; segment VIII longer than VII; segments III and IV each with simple sense cone; inner sense cone of segment V longer than outer sense cone, inner sense cone on segment VI in distal 1/3 of segment.</p><p>Head (Fig. 19): Longer than wide, prolonged anterior of eyes, lateral margin anterior of compound eyes short, extending to rounded angle or margin curved anteromediad, compound eye about twice as long as occiput, occiput with transverse sculpture lines or anastomosing lines, between and anterior of compound eyes without sculpturing; 6–8 short setae on vertex; ocellar setae slightly anterior, laterad or posterior of anterior ocellus; postocular setae minute, 1 posterior of each posterior ocellus, 2 just posterior of eyes; usually 3–4 minute medial pores between first PO setae and posterior ocelli; mouthcone broadly conical, rounded at apex, shorter than head.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 21): Subtrapezoidal, anterior margin considerably shorter than posterior margin, wider than long, sculptured with transverse lines or anastomosing; 41 (44–49) short, discal setae in 2 submedial rows and submarginally, with medial and 2 submedial setae-less areas; 2 pairs of well developed posteroangular setae; posteromarginal setae 8–9, medial pair usually slightly longer than others. Prosternum (Fig 22) with basantra membranous, finely striate-rugulose, without setae; ferna divided. Mesonotum (Fig. 23): With transverse sculpturing or partially reticulated; anteromedian pair of campaniform sensilla rather far apart; median setae about aligned with lateral setae, posterior setae slightly anterior of margin. Mesosternal spinula absent (Fig. 22). Metanotum (Fig. 24): With transverse sculpture lines or reticulated with recticles transversely oriented medially, arched lines in posteromedial part, lateral sculpture lines longitudinally aligned; median pair of setae in anterior 1/ 4 of notum, about 42 µm long, shorter than lateral pair; 2 campaniform sensilla present. Legs: Fore femora enlarged, with series of ridges on dorsal surface, apical margin reflected; fore tibiae apically truncate.</p><p>Fore wings: Straight, gradually narrowed distally to blunt apex; 22 (25–26) costal setae, those at midlength about 3/5 as long as width of wing; 27 anterior fringe cilia, mostly straight, few slightly wavy; fore vein with 6 setae in proximal 1/2 and 2–3 setae in distal 1/2; hindvein with 6–7 setae; clavus with 5 veinal and 1 discal setae.</p><p>Abdomen: Tergites (Fig. 25) sculptured with transverse or anastomosing striae, 12–15 lines medially posterior of antecostal ridge, none differentiated from others; median setae on tergite I minute, on tergites II–VII subequal to D2 setae, slightly anterior to median campaniform sensilla on tergite VIII, between or slightly anterior to median campaniform sensilla on tergites II–VII; area between median campaniform sensilla and antecostal ridge with 4–5 striae on tergites IV–VII; posteromarginal flange short, subequal to distance between sculpture lines, margin normally undulating or irregular; tergite IX with 2 pairs of campaniform sensilla; tergite X long, conical, 1.5–1.75 times longer than tergite IX, with 1 pair of campaniform sensilla just anterior of B1 setae. Pleurotergites with posteromarginal teeth. Sternites (Fig. 26) with transverse lines, none differentiated from others except antecostal ridge; sternite I with 2–4 anteromedial setae. Sternite II with 2 or 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae, sternites III–VII with 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae on margin except B1 setae on sternite VII anterior of posterior margin, closer to B2 setae than to each other; small lobes on posterior margins of sternites II–VII; ovipositor 267 (247–272) µm long.</p><p>Measurements of holotype (and female paratypes). Body length: 1.74 (2.06–2.17 distended) mm. Other measurements in µm. Antenna: total length 252 (245–250); length, width of antennal segment I 22 (22–24), 35 (37); II 37 (37), 42 (40–42); III 40 (37–40), 24 (24–27); IV 40 (35–40), 24 (24–27); V 37 (32–35), 22 (22–23); VI 49 (48–50), 20 (20); VII 10 (12), 10 (7); VIII 17 (15–17), 6 (5). Head: length from interantennal projection 151 (153–161); produced marginal part anterior of eye 17 (15); eye 74 (74–79) long; occiput 37 (37) long. Pronotum 235 (203–230) long, 274 (247–272) wide. Fore wing 1099 (1025–1062) long, 62 (62) wide at midlength. Abdominal segment IX (72–82), X 133 (124–148). Setae: ocellar setae about 15 long; posteroangular setae outer pair 43 (42–57), inner pair 37 (37–50); median metanotal setae about 17 long; abdominal tergite IX with B1 setae 126 (114–131), B2 setae 138 (114–128); tergite X with B1 setae 131 (128–137), B2 setae 124 (117–124).</p><p>Male. Brachypterous. Similar to females in color but smaller. Antenna: Similar to females. Head: Similar to females except without ocellus; vertex with 8 short setae, ocellar setae at midlength or slightly posterior.</p><p>Pronotum: Sculptured with transversely oriented lines; about 49 short, discal setae in 2 submedial rows and on submargin; 2 pairs of developed posteroangular setae, and about 10 posteromarginal setae. Metanotum (Fig. 27): Subrectanglar, transversely sculptured; median setae in anterior 1/4 of notum, lateral setae posterior of anterior margin; 2 campaniform sensilla at about midlength of notum.</p><p>Abdomen: Tergal posteromarginal flange subequal to length of 2 tergal, interstrial spaces or slightly longer, margin with lobes or teeth. Abdominal tergite IX (Fig. 29) with B1 setae posteromediad of longer Dl setae, B2 setae posterolaterad of B1 setae, posterolateral setae and midlateral setae long, a shorter seta between posterolateral and midlateral setae; a campaniform sensillum between Dl and B1 setae or posterior of Dl setae, another pair near anterior margin of tergite. Sternites with conical or low lobes on posterior margins; sternites III (Fig. 28) and IV each with a small circular or slightly oval glandular area 12–15 µm wide, smaller than distance between B1 setae.</p><p>Measurements of male paratype. Body length 1.33 mm distended. Other measurements in µm. Antenna: total length 201; length, width of segment I 20, 32; II 27, 25; III 35, 23; IV 35, 24; V 27, 22; VI 37, 18; VII 8, 7; VIII 12, 5. Head: length from interantennal process 131; eye 62 long; occiput 35 long; width at occiput 117. Pronotum 205 long, 225 wide. Setal lengths: posteroangular setae outer pair 24–30; inner pair 37; tergite IX Dl setae 27– 35 long; B1 setae about 10 long; B2 setae about 10 long; posterolateral setae 84–86 long; midlateral setae 82–91 long.</p><p>Type material. Holotype female, Canada, Alberta, Jasper, 24-VI-55, grass, R. M. Bohart (UCD). Paratypes: 1 female with same data as holotype; 4 females, Cypress Hills Provincial Park, Alberta, sweeping grass and forbs, 30-VI-69, B. S. Heming; 3 females, Mt. Norquay, Banff, Alberta, 60001, 25 -V-60, W. W. Moss; 1 female, Whitemud Hills, Alberta, grass, 5-VII-70, B. S. Heming; 27 females, 7 males, Osoyoos, British Columbia, Canada, grass, 30-VII-80, G.A.P. Gibson. Paratypes deposited in CNC, UASM, UCD and USNM.</p><p>Distribution. Canada (Alberta, British Columbia).</p><p>Etymology. Named after Dr. Bruce Heming, University of Alberta, Edmonton, for providing thrips material for this project and in recognition of his work on the functional morphology and development of Thysanoptera .</p><p>Comments. This species resembles C. molesta Priesner from the Palearctic Region. The apex of the lateral process of antennal segment II of C. molesta has a translucent gland, outer sense cone on segment V is longer than inner sense cone, and abdominal tergites lack complete posteromarginal flange but have separated lobes with acuminate apex or lobes that are low and indistinct. The apex of the lateral process of antennal segment II of C. hemingi is sclerotized, inner sense cone on segment V is longer than outer sense cone, and abdominal tergites have short, complete posteromarginal flange normally with lobed margin. In the Nearctic Region, C. hemingi resembles C. productus but is readily separated by the position of the median tergal setae on the abdomen.</p><p>The holotype and paratype from Jasper have only 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae on abdominal sternite II and the apex of lateral process of antennal segment II is subtruncate. The paratypes from Mt. Norquay and Cypress Hills Provincial Park have normally 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae on sternite II and antennal segment II has a bluntly pointed process. Antennal segment II is usually tilted and the lateral process appears to be narrower and more pointed.</p><p>The convex lateral margins of antennal segment II of some specimens from Osoyoos, British Columbia are quite different from the gradually diverging forms from Alberta and they appear to be a different species. However, the shapes of the lateral margin are variable in a long series of specimens from Osoyoos and part of the range of variation is similar to those of the Alberta specimens. Except for this difference, the other anatomical characters are similar. Description of the male is based on the Osoyoos material.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE72141BFFB489A85BE8FCA8F88E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE72141FFFB589A85917FDE7F8FE.text	1157AE72141FFFB589A85917FDE7F8FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips aculeatus Bagnall	<div><p>Chirothrips aculeatus Bagnall</p><p>Chirothrips aculeatus Bagnall 1927: 567 .</p><p>Chirothrips moultoni Post 1961: 137 syn.n.</p><p>Distribution: United States (CA, ID, OR, UT, WA), Europe (zur Strassen 1960: 167). Comments: Although Post (1961) states that C. moultoni Post has simple sense cones on antennal segments III and IV, the type specimen has a forked sense cone on IV and a simple sense cone on III, and cannot be distinguished from C. aculeatus (New Synonymy).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE72141FFFB589A85917FDE7F8FE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE72141FFFB589A85837FBFFF86E.text	1157AE72141FFFB589A85837FBFFF86E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips alexanderae Stannard	<div><p>Chirothrips alexanderae Stannard</p><p>Chirothrips alexanderae Stannard 1959: 65</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB), United States (CO, NB, ND, SD) (zur Strassen 1974)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE72141FFFB589A85837FBFFF86E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721400FFAA89A85F98FB9AFEEA.text	1157AE721400FFAA89A85F98FB9AFEEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips andrei	<div><p>Chirothrips andrei zur Strassen</p><p>Chirothrips andrei zur Strassen 1974: 198.</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB, ON), United States (NB, WY). Comments: This species has been misidentified at least once in USA as C. frontalis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721400FFAA89A85F98FB9AFEEA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721400FFAA89A85E44FC65FE5A.text	1157AE721400FFAA89A85E44FC65FE5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips cuneiceps Hood	<div><p>Chirothrips cuneiceps Hood</p><p>Chirothrips cuneiceps Hood 1940: 547 .</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB) (Chaisson 1986), United States (MN, NY).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721400FFAA89A85E44FC65FE5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721400FFAA89A85ED4FE7FFD3A.text	1157AE721400FFAA89A85ED4FE7FFD3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips falsus Priesner	<div><p>Chirothrips falsus Priesner</p><p>Chirothrips falsus Priesner 1925: 312; zur Strassen 1967a: 28.</p><p>Chirothrips falsus var. adusta Priesner 1925: 313; Hood 1939a: 463.</p><p>Chirothrips simplex Hood 1927b: 128: Hood 1939a: 463 (misidentification). Distribution: Canada (AB, SK) (Chaisson 1986), United States (AZ, IL, IA, KS, NM, TX, UT, WY), Mexico. Comments: For many years, C. simplex was confused with this species, and collections may still include misidentified specimens.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721400FFAA89A85ED4FE7FFD3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721400FFAA89A85DF4FEF1FB56.text	1157AE721400FFAA89A85DF4FEF1FB56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips frontalis Williams	<div><p>Chirothrips frontalis Williams</p><p>Chirothrips frontalis Williams 1914: 51</p><p>Chirothrips salcatus John 1922: 345; Hood 1953: 115.</p><p>Distribution: Argentina, Kenya, South Africa, Australia (zur Strassen 1960).</p><p>Comments: According to Mound and Palmer (1972) C. frontalis Williams resembles C. bradleyi Hood (= praeocularis Andre) and is of American origin. However, it lacks diagonal ridges on antennal segment II, and median longitudinal ridge and other irregular longitudinal markings present on the head of C. praeocularis . Jacot- Guillarmod (1971) listed C. frontalis for the United States (Wyoming) but the source for this record was not indicated. One specimen previously determined as this species from Wyoming was located in the UCD collection and could be the basis for this record. However, this specimen is a misidentification of C. andrei . A record from Michoacan, Mexico (Johansen &amp; Mojica-Guzman 1996) was not examined and therefore was not listed in the distribution.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721400FFAA89A85DF4FEF1FB56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721400FFAA89A85A34FD37FA6A.text	1157AE721400FFAA89A85A34FD37FA6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips hamatus Trybom	<div><p>Chirothrips hamatus Trybom</p><p>Chirothrips hamata Trybom 1895: 187 .</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB) (Heming 1985), Europe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721400FFAA89A85A34FD37FA6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721400FFAA89A85BC0FE1DFAFA.text	1157AE721400FFAA89A85BC0FE1DFAFA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips hemingi	<div><p>Chirothrips hemingi sp. n.</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721400FFAA89A85BC0FE1DFAFA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721400FFAA89A85AC4FEA6F949.text	1157AE721400FFAA89A85AC4FEA6F949.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips insolitus Hood	<div><p>Chirothrips insolitus Hood</p><p>Chirothrips insolitus Hood 1915: 11 .</p><p>Distribution: United States (AR, FL, IL, MD, NJ, NY, TN, TX) (Jacot-Guillarmod 1971; Beshear 1973). Comments: The form of antenna segment VI is different from that of all its congeners. The lateral margin of the vertex anterior of the compound eyes are well produced, up to 20 µm long, but is less than 1/3 as long as the compound eye. The abdominal tergal posteromarginal flanges are lobed marginally and marginal lobes are also present on sternites.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721400FFAA89A85AC4FEA6F949	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721400FFAA89A859E0FA9AF816.text	1157AE721400FFAA89A859E0FA9AF816.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday) Haliday	<div><p>Chirothrips manicatus (Haliday)</p><p>Thrips (Chirothrips) manicata Haliday 1836: 444 .</p><p>Chirothrips antennatus Osborn 1883: 154; Uzel 1895: 80.</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB, BC, NS, NT, ON, QC, YT) (Chaisson 1986), United States (AK, CA, CT, ID, IL, IA, MA, MD, ME, MI, MN, NE, NM, NY, NV, OH, OR, PA, UT, VA, WA), Argentina, Colombia, Europe, China, Japan, Taiwan, Australia, New Zealand,</p><p>Comments: One of the widely dispersed species in the world. The shape of antennal segment II is variable.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721400FFAA89A859E0FA9AF816	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721401FFAB89A85F98FAC2FEEA.text	1157AE721401FFAB89A85F98FAC2FEEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips orizaba Hood	<div><p>Chirothrips orizaba Hood</p><p>Chirothrips orizaba Hood 1938: 357 .</p><p>Distribution: Mexico.</p><p>Comments: This species is known only from the female holotype and closely resembles C. productus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721401FFAB89A85F98FAC2FEEA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721401FFAB89A85E44FDF8FE39.text	1157AE721401FFAB89A85E44FDF8FE39.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips patruelis Hood	<div><p>Chirothrips patruelis Hood</p><p>Chirothrips patruelis Hood 1940: 550 .</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB, BC, NT, SK) (Chaisson 1986), United States (AK, CA CT, HI, IA, ME, ND, NM, NY, SD), Peru (Jacot-Guillarmod 1971).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721401FFAB89A85E44FDF8FE39	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721401FFAB89A85EF0FA95FD72.text	1157AE721401FFAB89A85EF0FA95FD72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips praeocularis Andre	<div><p>Chirothrips praeocularis Andre</p><p>Chirothrips praeocularis Andre 1941: 451 .</p><p>Chirothrips bradleyi Hood 1941: 142; Stannard 1968: 300.</p><p>Distribution: United States (GA, FL, LA, MA, MD, NJ, SC, TX) (Jacot-Guillarmod 1971; Beshear 1973).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721401FFAB89A85EF0FA95FD72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721401FFAB89A85DBCFF31FCC1.text	1157AE721401FFAB89A85DBCFF31FCC1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips productus Hood	<div><p>Chirothrips productus Hood</p><p>Chirothrips productus Hood 1927b: 126 .</p><p>Distribution: United States (AZ, CO, ID, ND, NM, NV, UT) (Jacot-Guillarmod 1971; Huntsinger &amp; Balsbaugh 1982).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721401FFAB89A85DBCFF31FCC1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721401FFAB89A85C68FC3AFBE6.text	1157AE721401FFAB89A85C68FC3AFBE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips propinquus	<div><p>Chirothrips propinquus zur Strassen</p><p>Chirothrips propinquus zur Strassen l967a: 35.</p><p>Distribution: United States (AZ).</p><p>Comments: Females of this species are brachypterous and lack ocelli. Brachypterous females also occur in C. azoricus zur Strassen (1981) from Azores and occasionally in C. manicatus .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721401FFAB89A85C68FC3AFBE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721401FFAB89A85B30FD83FB69.text	1157AE721401FFAB89A85B30FD83FB69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips secalis Moulton	<div><p>Chirothrips secalis Moulton</p><p>Chirothrips secalis Moulton 1935: 173 . Distribution: United States (CA, WY).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721401FFAB89A85B30FD83FB69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721401FFAB89A85BC0FAD4FAA2.text	1157AE721401FFAB89A85BC0FAD4FAA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Chirothrips simplex Hood	<div><p>Chirothrips simplex Hood</p><p>Chirothrips simplex Hood 1927b: 128; zur Strassen 1967a: 38.</p><p>Distribution: Canada (AB), United States (AZ, CA, CO, IA, KS, NE, ND, NM, OK, SD, TX, WY), Mexico. Comments: This species was misidentified as C. falsus until further defined by zur Strassen (1967a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721401FFAB89A85BC0FAD4FAA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721403FFAC89A85CF8FCEFFE02.text	1157AE721403FFAC89A85CF8FCEFFE02.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Konothrips Bhatti	<div><p>Konothrips Bhatti</p><p>Konothrips Bhatti 1990: 196 . Type species: Chirothrips tuttlei zur Strassen by original designation.</p><p>Antennal segment I enlarged, more than 2.5 times as wide as base of segment II; segment II prolonged laterally, resembles inverted shoe, a well defined gland protrudes apically over sense cone on apex of the sclerotized part of process. Head with 40 plus short, stout setae anterior of fore ocellus. Pronotum subtrapezoidal, with numerous, short conical setae; without posteroangular setae or two pairs slightly larger than discal setae. Femur truncate apically, distal 1/3 sculptured with longitudinal, ridged lines or reticles (Fig. 46). Mesonotum (Fig 48) with 4–6 conical or spine-like, discal setae in median area far anterior to posterior margin, median pair of posterior setae absent, setae larger than those on pronotum; mesosternal furca invaginations separated by less than 2/5 to about width of metathoracic coxae. Metanotum (Fig. 49) with median pair of conical setae. Fore wings with 1 to few costal setae. Abdominal tergites with submarginal sculpture oriented longitudinally or diagonally (Figs. 42, 50), medially reticulated or transversely striate; 5 pairs of dorsal conical or spine-like setae, those on posterior tergites more elongate; posteromarginal flange narrow, about as wide as length of dorsal setae. Abdominal sternite with submarginal sculpture oriented longitudinally or diagonally; sternal discal setae absent; ovipositor short, 110–136 µm long. Male brachypterous. Smaller than female. Abdominal tergite IX with short B1–B2 setae; sternites III–VII each with glandular areas.</p><p>Comments. According to Bhatti (1990) Konothrips is distinguished by the sculpture on abdominal terga and sterna oriented longitudinally (Fig. 42); costa of fore wing without series of setae, having only a single seta; and ovipositor smooth, lacking teeth. Konothrips colei, new species, is intermediate in these structures between tuttlei, the type species of genus, and members of Arorathrips . In K. colei the abdominal tergal sculpturing is diagonally oriented on submargin and transverse or reticulated medially (Fig. 50), and the submarginal, sternal sculpturing is more longitudinally oriented (Fig. 51), the ovipositor is reduced but with sparse teeth, and the fore wing has sparse costal setae. The differences between Konothrips and Arorathrips are discussed in the comments for Arorathrips . The concept of Konothrips is revised here to accomodate K. colei .</p><p>Konothrips colei sp. n. (Figs 43–51)</p><p>Female. Macropterous. Body brown, head darker brown than thorax or abdomen pale brown with anterior part and terminal segments darker brown; tarsi yellow, tibiae and femora brown with apical or proximal parts yellow, or fore tibiae mostly yellowish brown, femora and mid- and hind tibiae brown dorsally, yellow ventrally. Setae pale yellow or pale yellowish brown. Fore wing pale yellow or shaded with pale yellowish gray tinge. Antenna brown, segment I darkest brown, segment II light brown with produced part yellowish brown, segment III light brown basally.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 43): Segment I 2.5–2.9 times wider than base of segment II, with a transverse dorsal ridge; segment II with inner margin rather straight, outer margin strongly diverging laterally from base to blunt process, apex of process with a distinct gland; 1 subapical sense cone slightly extending beyond apical gland, 1 short dorsal and 1 ventral setae just mediad of sense cone, 1 short seta on outer margin about midway between subapical sense cone and base of segment, 1 short dorsal seta near apex of inner margin and another dorsal seta near base of segment, 1 short ventral seta medially and another ventral seta near apex of inner margin; segment III with convex outer margin, slightly longer than wide; segments III and IV each with simple sense cone; outer sense cone on segment V larger than inner sense cone; inner sense cone of segment VI in distal 1/2, extending to apex of segment.</p><p>Head (Fig. 44): Longer than wide from interantennal process, lateral margin of vertex anterior of compound eye 22–24 µm long, slightly converging to broad angle formed with anterior margin of vertex; eye about two times as long as occiput; head smooth except for several transverse sculpture lines by posterior margin; 46 (43–48) short, stout setae on vertex, ocellar setae similar to setae anterior of fore ocellus, posterolaterad of fore ocellus; postocular setae minute, 1 pair posterior of hind ocelli, 2 near posterior margin of eye, 4 minute pores medially between median-most postocular setae; mouthcone broadly conical, shorter than head.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 45): About as long as broad, with weak short transverse sculpture lines medially; 122 (114– 119) short, spine-like setae in medial and two submarginal bands; posteroangular setae not developed, 14 short, spine-like setae on posteromargin. Prosternum (Fig. 47) with basantra partially weakly sclerotized in posteromedial part, without setae, with finely granulose sculpture; prospinasternum a narrow unsclerotized band, spina inserted into mesosternum. Mesonotum (Fig. 48): Reticulated; anteromedian campaniform sensilla far apart; median posterior setae positioned near submedian setae, both setae far anterior of posterior margin, conical, larger than other setae on notum and pronotum; often with another pair of smaller, spine-like discal setae. Mesofurca with invaginations separated by 20–24 µm, 3/10 to 2/5 width of mesothoracic coxae (Fig. 47). Metanotum (Fig. 49): Sculpture lines longitudinally oriented except medially in arched pattern; median setae conical, as large as submedian setae on mesonotum, in anterior 1/4 of notum, lateral setae bristle-like; pair of companiform sensilla present. Legs: Fore femora with ridged, longitudinally oriented reticles on distal 1/3 (Fig. 46); outer side of fore tibia slightly longer than inner side.</p><p>Fore wings: Straight, gradually narrowed distally to blunt apex; 5–6 (4–5) costal setae short, 1 basal of first anterior fringe cilia, those at midlength about 3/5 as long as width of wing; 24 (19–20) slightly wavy anterior fringe cilia; fore vein with 5 (3–4) setae in proximal 1/2, 3 (2–3) distal setae; hindvein with 1 (1–2) seta; scale with 4 (4) marginal setae.</p><p>Abdomen: Tergites with diagonally oriented sculpture lines submarginally, transverse or reticulated medially (Fig. 50); 5 pairs of setae on tergites II–VII, on anterior tergites spine-like, progressively more slender posteriorly; median setae slightly anterior to slightly posterior of median campaniform sensilla, posterior of campaniform sensilla on tergite VIII, on tergite VI about 20 µm long; posteromarginal flange narrow, about 5 µm long, laterally with few marginal teeth; tergite IX with 2 pairs of campaniform sensilla, posterior pair near B1 setae; segment X slightly longer than segment IX, with complete dorsal split, pair of campaniform sensilla near B1 setae. Pleurotergites (Fig. 49) with sparse, teeth-like microtrichia on sculpture lines, posteromarginal flange with margin lobed or toothed. Sternites (Fig. 51) transversely sculptured medially; sculpture lines on submargin diagonal but more longitudinally oriented than on tergites; margins of sternites without processes; anteromedial setae absent from sternite I, sternite II with 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae, sternites III–VII with 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae, median pair on sternite VII anterior of posterior margin; ovipositors about 135 (131–141) µm long.</p><p>Male. Unknown.</p><p>Measurements of holotype and (paratype). Body length 1.64 mm, distended 1.87 mm. Other measurements in µm. Antenna total length 199 (205) long; length and width of segment I 24 (27), 47 (50); II 37 (37), 30 (32); III 30 (30), 32 (28); IV 27 (27), 32 (32); V 24 (24), 30 (27); VI 35 (35), 24 (20); VII 10 (11), 8 (8); VII 12 (12), 6 (4). Head: Length from interantennal process 148 long, from compound eyes to tip of interantennal process 116 (111) long, lateral margin of vertex from compound eye to broad angulation formed with anterior margin of vertex 22–24 long, compound eye 59 (57) long, occiput 32 (30) long. Pronotum 247 (235) long, 133 (135) wide (based on flattened specimen). Fore wings 884 (843–847) long, 47 (42–44) wide at midlength. Abdominal segment IX 59 (62) long, X 74 (72) long. Setae: Short stout setae on vertex of head 7–10 long, ocellar setae about 10 long, pronotal discal setae about 7 long, submedian mesonotal setae 12–15 long, median metanotal setae about 12 long; abdominal tergite IX with B1 setae 89 long, B2 setae 94 (96) long, B3 setae 106 long; tergite X with B1 setae 104 (101) long, B2 setae 101 (99) long.</p><p>Type material. Holotype female (USNM); Texas, Coma1 Co., Guadalupe River State Park, sweeping, 24-IX- 88, G. Zolnerowich. Paratype females: 1, Texas, Lubbock Co., Slaton, onion field, 21-VII-86, R. Sites; 3, Texas, Bandara Co., Lost Mapels [sic, = Maples] State Park, 21-VII-88, G. Zolnerowich. Paratypes deposited in TESB and USNM.</p><p>Distribution. United States (Texas).</p><p>Etymology. Named after Charles L. Cole, retired thysanopterist formerly with the Texas Extension Service, Bryan, who provided the type material.</p><p>Comments. The specimens are mounted in Hoyer's medium and are rather flattened and distended. Thus the body and head measurements may not agree with those of properly mounted specimens. Also, the description of the coloration may differ from differently treated specimens.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721403FFAC89A85CF8FCEFFE02	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721406FFAC89A85CC8FA4DFB8D.text	1157AE721406FFAC89A85CC8FA4DFB8D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Konothrips	<div><p>Key to species of Konothrips</p><p>1. Invaginations of mesosternal furcal arms widely separated by about width of mesothoracic coxae; abdominal submarginal sculpture oriented longitudinally (Fig 42); ovipositor without teeth............................... tuttlei (zur Strassen)</p><p>-. Invaginations of mesosternal furca separated by 3/10 to 2/5 width of mesothoracic coxae; abdominal submarginal sculpture oriented diagonally (Fig. 50); ovipositor with sparse teeth.............................................. colei sp.n.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721406FFAC89A85CC8FA4DFB8D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721406FFAC89A85D81FDFEFD3C.text	1157AE721406FFAC89A85D81FDFEFD3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Konothrips colei	<div><p>Konothrips colei sp. n.</p><p>Distribution. United States (Texas).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721406FFAC89A85D81FDFEFD3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721406FFAC89A85DF5FDA6FC88.text	1157AE721406FFAC89A85DF5FDA6FC88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Konothrips tuttlei	<div><p>Konothrips tuttlei (zur Strassen)</p><p>Chirothrips tuttlei zur Strassen 1967b: 345. Konothrips tuttleyi [sic]: Bhatti 1990: l96. Distribution: Mexico, United States (AZ).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721406FFAC89A85DF5FDA6FC88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721406FFAC89A85BCEFE3AF83C.text	1157AE721406FFAC89A85BCEFE3AF83C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oelschlaegera Bhatti	<div><p>Oelschlaegera Bhatti</p><p>Oelschlaegera Bhatti 1990: 198 . Type species: Chirothrips madagassus zur Strassen by original designation.</p><p>Female: Macropterous. Antennal segment I not enlarged, less than 2.5 times as wide as base of segment II; segment II produced laterally, lateral process with a rather pronounced apex, subapical seta on lateral margin; anterior margin straight. Head strongly produced anterior of compound eyes, lateral margin of vertex at least 50 µm long, about as long as compound eye; 14 plus pairs of short conical setae on vertex. Pronotum subtrapezoidal, with shorter, conical setae than on head. Fore femur with pair of stout distal setae. Prospinasternum well developed band. Mesonotum with 2 pairs of conical setae positioned medially, near or on posterior margin; mesosternal furca invaginations not separated. Metanotum with median pair of conical setae. Fore wings with well developed costal setae. Abdominal tergites and sternites with transversely oriented sculpturing, with broad transverse posteromarginal flange; anterior tergites with conical setae; sternites with 3 pairs of setae on II–VII, sternites II–IV with conical or less stout setae; ovipositors well developed, with teeth.</p><p>Males: Unknown.</p><p>Comments: This genus differs from Chirothrips females by having many conical setae on the head, and several conical setae on the mesonotum, metanotum and anterior abdominal tergites and sternites; fore femur has a pair of stout, spine-like distal setae; and abdominal sternites have broad posteromarginal flange. In Chirothrips 2–6 pairs of bristle-like or short, stout setae are on the head, mesonotum and metanotum; abdominal tergites have bristle-like or nearly spine-like setae; fore femur lack stout, spine-like distal setae; and abdominal sternites either lack posteromarginal flange or the flange may be present as lobes, teeth, or elongated plates. The concept of Oelschlaegera is here revised.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721406FFAC89A85BCEFE3AF83C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721407FFAD89A85F98FB5EFDDC.text	1157AE721407FFAD89A85F98FB5EFDDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oelschlaegera priesneri (Hood) Hood	<div><p>Oelschlaegera priesneri (Hood) comb.n.</p><p>Chirothrips priesneri Hood 1949a: 146 .</p><p>Distribution: Brazil.</p><p>Comments: Mound and Marullo (1996) stated that this species resembled C. ruthae Hood (1949b) and belonged in a new genus. According to zur Strassen (1961), ruthae was similar to his new species C. madagassus, which Bhatti (1990) designated as the type species of Oelschlaegera . Chirothrips ruthae is assigned here to Oelschlaegera (New Combination) based on the examination of the holotype. The females of O. priesneri have similar antenna, head, conical setae, fore wing and broad tergal and sternal posteromarginal flanges as the description and illustration of O. madagassus and holotype of O. ruthae . Oelschlaegera priesneri females have glandular areas on abdominal sternites III–VI which are absent from the other two species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721407FFAD89A85F98FB5EFDDC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
1157AE721407FFA089A85D79FB95FA96.text	1157AE721407FFA089A85D79FB95FA96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Unilobothrips	<div><p>Unilobothrips gen.n.</p><p>Type species: Unilobothrips cornuatus sp.n.</p><p>Female. Macropterous. Antennal segment I not enlarged, segment II asymmetrical, segments III and IV each with forked sense cones. Head with truncate, interantennal process with short subapical tooth on each side, longer than and as wide as antennal segment I (Fig. 53); lateral margin of vertex anterior of compound eyes rather straight then broadly curved above antennal socket, spine-like setae anterior of fore ocellus; venter of head with cluster of longer spine-like setae between compound eyes (Fig. 54) Pronotum subtrapezoidal, with 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae; discal setae few; basantra membranous, without setae; prospinasternum a transverse band with conical spina. Mesonotum with bristle-like setae, submedian setae far anterior of posterior margin, posterior setae far anterior of posterior margin and slightly behind submedian setae; mesosternal furcal invaginations fused. Metanotum with 2 pairs of bristle-like setae. Fore wing with costal setae. Abdominal tergites with few setae; posteromarginal flange short, as conical teeth submarginally, medially as low lobes (Fig. 59); sternites with posteromarginal setae; ovipositor well developed, about 170 µm.</p><p>Male. Brachypterous. Head with conical, interantennal process shorter than antennal segment I (Fig. 58); abdominal sternite with glandular area.</p><p>Etymology. Composed from Latin “uni” (one), “lobus” (lobe) and “ thrips ” (common name of Thysanoptera). The female of this monotypic genus has an elongate, truncate interantennal process.</p><p>Comments. The females have an elongate interantennal process with truncate apex which is not found in the other chirothripine genera. Moreover, a cluster of small, spine-like setae on the venter of the head of females of this genus is found only in some members of the Arorathrips .</p><p>Unilobothrips cornuatus sp. n. (Figs 52–67)</p><p>Female. Macropterous. Body brown; legs brown except all tarsi yellow, fore tibiae yellowish brown distally; ocellar crescent not seen; body setae pale brownish yellow; fore wings light yellowish brown; antennae brown except apex of segment II yellow, III with pedicel yellow and rest of segment yellowish brown.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 52): Segment I smaller than segment II, with dorsal transverse ridge; segment II slightly asymmetrical; segments III–V about as long as wide; segment VIII longer than VII; forked sense cones on segments III and IV, segment VI with inner sense cone in anterior 1/2, extending to segment VII.</p><p>Head (Figs. 53, 54): Prolonged anterior of eyes; interantennal process broad, truncate at apex, with rounded tubercle or broad tooth-like process on each side, wider than segment I, extending to about midlength of segment II; lateral margin of vertex anterior of compound shorter than length of occiput; compound eyes about twice as long as occiput; transverse striae on occiput, absent between and anterior of compound eyes; 17 (16) short, spine-like setae cephalad of fore ocellus, ocellar setae between anterior and posterior ocelli, postocular seta minute, 1 just caudad of posterior ocelli, 2 just caudad of compound eyes; 22 (20) ventral setae in addition of normal setae, slightly longer than those on dorsum; mouthcone with broadly rounded apex.</p><p>Pronotum (Fig. 55): Posterior part wider than anterior part, wider than long, completely sculptured with anastomosing lines; about 79, short, rather stout discal setae, 5–10 µm long, in broad median and submarginal bands; 2 pairs of well developed posteroangular setae, 11 posteromarginal setae, median pair slightly longer than others. Prosternum (Fig. 58) with basantra finely granulose, lacking setae; ferna well developed, divided; prospinasternum strap-like, with produced spina. Mesonotum (Fig. 56): sculptured with transverse lines and reticulations, striae lacking minute teeth; 2 anteromedial campaniform sensilla present; median setae far anterior of posterior margin, posterior setae far anterior of margin slightly behind median setae; 65 sternal setae present. Mesonotum without spinula (Fig. 58). Metanotum (Fig. 57): reticulated, median setae slightly caudal of anterior margin, about as long as lateral setae; 2 campaniform sensilla in posterior 1/3 of notum; 28 sternal setae present. Fore legs: Well developed, apical margin of femora not reflected, apex of tibiae truncate.</p><p>Fore wings: Rather straight, tapering to a blunt apex; 22 (19) costal setae, those at midlength about as long as width of wing; 24 (20) slightly wavy anterior fringe cilia; fore vein with 6 (4) setae in proximal 1/2, 2 setae in distal 1/2; hindvein with 5 (5) setae; scale with 5 marginal and 1 discal setae.</p><p>Abdomen: Tergites (Fig. 59) transversely sculptured; median setae on tergite I minute, median setae on anterior 1/2 on tergites II–VIII, slightly anterior of median campaniform sensilla, slightly shorter to about as long as D2 setae; posteromarginal flange as lobes medially, submarginally and laterally with teeth; tergite IX shorter than XI with 2 pairs of campaniform sensilla, B1 setae slightly longer than tergite X; tergite X almost or completely divided by dorsal split. Pleurotergites (Fig. 60) with posteromarginal teeth. Sternites (Fig. 60) transversely sculptured; sternite I with anteromedial setae; sternite II with 2 pairs of posteromarginal setae, sternites III–VII with 3 pairs, median pair on VII slightly cephalad of posterior margin margin, closer to B2 setae than to each other; low posteromarginal lobes on sternites II–VI, more distinct on anterior sternites; ovipositor about 185 µm long.</p><p>Measurements of holotype female (and female paratype): Body length 1.37 mm, 1.91 mm distended. Other measurements in µm. Antenna: total length 220 (213); length and width of antennal segment I 24 (27), 24 (24); II 30 (3l), 30 (28); III 35 (32), IV 33 (35), 37 (32); V 32 (32), 30 (32); VI 37 (371, 35 (37); VII 10 (8), 10 (7); VIII 15 (12), 5 (5). Head: length from interantennal process 151 (141); lateral margin cephalad of compound eye 12 long; compound eye 62 (67) long; occiput 24 (24) long. Pronotum 215 (200) long, 254 (235) wide. Fore wings 902 (783) long, 54 (50) wide at midlength. Abdominal segment IX 64 (62) long, X 91 (86) long. Setal lengths: pronotal discal setae 7–10 long, posteroangular setae outer pair 40–50 (42), inner pair 42–47 (35–37), posteromarginal median pair about 10 long; metanotal median setae 27 long, lateral setae 37 long; abdominal tergite IX with B1 setae 100 (84) long, B2 setae 104 (89) long, tergite X with B1 setae 86 (84) long.</p><p>Male. Brachypterous. Similar to female in coloration.</p><p>Antenna (Fig. 61): Segment II asymmetrical, segment III apparently with simple sense cone, segment IV with main sense cone simple, a well developed simple sense cone on outer margin.</p><p>Head (Fig. 62, 63): Longer than wide, prolonged anterior of eyes; interantennal process conical, ventrally with tooth on each side near apex, apex resembling a "rounded, sclerotized cap”, narrower and shorter than than antennal segment I; antennal base reduced, lateral part resembles a tooth; compound eye with 2 pigmented ommatidial facets; ocelli absent; 7 setae on vertex; ocellar setae posterior of and separated from setae on vertex; 2 short, postocular setae on each side just caudad of eyes; venter with normal, bristle-like setae in contrast to female.</p><p>Pronotum: Transversely sculptured; 32 discal setae in 2 submedial rows and on submargins, 2 developed posteroangular setae, 8 posteromarginal setae. Mesonotum: Similar to that of female. Metanotum (Fig. 64): Subrectangular with transversely oriented sculpturing; median and lateral setae posterior of anterior margin; 2 campaniform sensilla in about midlength as widely separated as median setae.</p><p>Fore wing: Brachypterous.</p><p>Abdomen: Tergite IX (Fig. 65) with B1 setae posteromediad of longer Dl setae, B2 setae closer to long, posterolateral setae than to B1 setae; campaniform sensilla between B1 and B2 setae, another pair anterior of Dl setae near anterior margin. Abdominal sternites III (Fig. 67) and IV each with circular glandular area, 27 µm wide, 24 µm long on III, slightly larger on IV.</p><p>Measurements of male paratype. Body length 1.38 mm distended. Other measurements in µm. Antenna: Total length 169; length and (width) of segment I 17 (24); II 24 (22); III 30 (21); IV 30 (22); V 24 (17); VI 37 (17); VII 7 (7); VIII 10 (5). Length of head from interantennal process 114, eye 50, occiput 31. Pronotum 148 long, 178 wide. Setal length: pronotal posteroangular setae outer pair 24, inner pair 35–37 long; on abdominal tergite IX Dl setae 37 long, B1 setae 12 long, B2 setae 10 long.</p><p>Type material. Holotype female (CAS), 1 female and 1 male paratype: Three Forks (on Madison River), Gallatin Co., Montana, sweeping, 23-VII-83, J. D. Pinto (UCR-83-125) (CAS).</p><p>Distribution. United States (MT).</p><p>Etymology. Specific epithet from Latin “ cornuatus ”, horn-like, in reference to the horn-like interantennal process of this species.</p><p>Comments. No other North American species has a long interantennal process.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1157AE721407FFA089A85D79FB95FA96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Nakahara, Sueo;Foottit, Robert G.	Nakahara, Sueo, Foottit, Robert G. (2012): Review of Chirothrips and related genera (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) of the Americas, with descriptions of one new genus and four new species. Zootaxa 3251: 1-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213299
