taxonID	type	description	language	source
116187FFFF97FFB7FF16D3DCFB2DF71C.taxon	description	An abundant planktonic species, occurring mostly in lakes, ponds and reservoirs. In this study, D. dubium was found mostly in autumn samples. Widespread in South-East and East Asia, distributed north up to the Amur River basin, common in China (Xiang et al. 2015; Korovchinsky 2018; Liu et al. 2018; Dumont et al. 2021). For detailed description see Korovchinsky (2000, 2018).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF97FFB7FF16D22CFF4CF7A8.taxon	description	A common planktonic species usually inhabiting lakes and ponds. D. macrophthalma occurred mostly in autumn; several males were found in two lakes (A 10, A 26) in autumn. In Central and East Asia from Uzbekistan to Japan, it penetrates south to North-East Thailand (Korovchinsky & Sanoamuang 2008). For description see Korovchinsky & Mirabdulaev (1995) and Korovchinsky (2004).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF99FFB9FF16D267FD2DF7EF.taxon	description	(fig. 4 A – C). A very rare planktonic species; three neonates were found in a single lake (S 6, Hunan Province). The species is easily recognized by lateral protrusion on the valves (Fig. 4 A- C), absent in most Ceriodaphnia species. To the date, it has been found in Yantze River basin in Hubei and Anhui Provinces (Chiang 1977; Chiang & Du 1979; Xiang et al. 2015; Wang et al. 2015). A possible endemic of Central China. For a description, see Chiang (1977).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF99FFB9FF16D333FAE5F6A3.taxon	description	A planktonic species found only in autumn, relatively common in autumn lakes, also found in a single ditch (A 11) and a single rice field (A 27). Multiple ephippial females occurred in a single lake (A 16). Taxon of unclear status, presumed to be pantropical, common in South regions of China (Xiang et al. 2015). This species was first described from Australia. C. rigaudi Richard, 1884, described from North Vietnam, is presumed to be a form of C. cornuta (Rzóska 1956; Kotov & Ferrari 2010) but a future revision is needed.	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF99FFB9FF16D1A7FB6BF513.taxon	description	A relatively rare planktonic species found in two lakes (S 5, A 31), a reservoir (S 33) and a pond (S 35). This species was more abundant in spring, opposed to the other Diaphanosoma species. The taxon is distributed in East Asia from Amur basin to Philippines and North Vietnam (Liu et al. 2018; Dumont et al. 2021). For more information, see Korovchinsky (2018).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF99FFB9FF16D037FAADF67B.taxon	description	Littoral species, associated with vegetation; specimens are able to attach to a substrate. S. ortiva is typical for lakes, ponds and river backwaters with densely vegetated littoral zone, abundant in both spring and autumn. East Asian species, distributed from East Siberia to Bangladesh and South Vietnam (Korovchinsky 2004). A first record for Central China. Earlier records of Sida crystallina (O. F. Müller, 1776) from Central China, including Hunan and Hubei (Chiang & Du 1979; Xiang et al 2015) probably all belong to S. ortiva (see Korovchinsky 2004). For description, see Korovchinsky (2004), and Korovchinsky et al. (2021).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF98FFB8FF16D35AFE8DF69E.taxon	description	A relatively rare planktonic species occurred in a fish pond (S 16), a lake (S 21), rice and lotus fields (S 27, S 31) in spring, in a rice field (A 38) and a reservoir (A 39) in autumn. Species with a cosmopolitan distribution, very probably a species complex. For more information, see Korovchinsky et al. (2021).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF98FFB8FF16D3AAFD5CF70E.taxon	description	A relatively rare planktonic species occurring in reservoirs (S 36, S 38), two lakes (S 9, S 21) and a pond (S 12) in spring; in a single reservoir (A 39) in autumn. A widespread Palearctic species that recently invaded Australia (Karabanov et al., 2018), common in China (Xiang et al. 2015; Huang et al. 2022). For description see Korovchinsky et al. (2021).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF98FFB8FF16D23AFB80F7BE.taxon	description	A common planktonic species in spring, abundant in lakes, ponds and rice fields, in autumn found only in a single rice field (A 38), but abundant here. Ephippial females occurred in spring in a lake (S 20) and a rice field (S 27). A widespread Palearctic species or species complex (Maruoka et al. 2018; Korovchinsky et al. 2021). For description see Korovchinsky et al. (2021).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9BFFBBFF16D5F6FF4CF13C.taxon	description	A rare planktonic species found in rice fields (S 27, S 29, S 31) and lakes (S 19, S 20) in spring; a few ephippial females occurred in a rice field (S 27). The species is widely distributed in Palearctic, including China, Mongolia, Russian Far East, European Russia, Iran and Azerbaijan, also in Northeast Africa (Popova et al. 2016). D. sinensis was recorded previously as Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) similoides sinensis Gu, Xu, Li, Dumont & Han, 2013. For a detailed description see Popova et al. (2016).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9BFFBBFF16D247FDEDF7AC.taxon	description	(fig. 6 A – D). A rare benthic species associated with muddy substrates, found in Hunan in a lake (A 8) and in a pond (S 32). We found only first instar females which does not retain valves from previous molts. Each seta of posterior margin of the valves bears a strong lateral spine. For detailed description see Jeong et al. (2012). Ilyocryptus raridentatus s. str. was described from Australia, morphologically similar populations were recorded from Korea, China and South-East Asia, but their identity with Australian species was not confirmed (Jeong et al. 2012).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9BFFBBFF16D084FC8AF635.taxon	description	A planktonic species, associated with temporary water bodies. Common in rice fields (S 27, S 29, S 31, A 38); males and ephippial females occurred in two rice fields (S 27, S 31). A widespread Holarctic species complex (Bekker et al. 2016; Montoliu-Elena et al. 2019), common in China (Xiang et al. 2015). For a description of M. macrocopa s. l. see Goulden (1968).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9BFFBBFF16D315FB7FF6A6.taxon	description	A common planktonic species occurring in any types of lotic water bodies, it could inhabit temporary waters. Males and ephippial females occurred in both spring (a pond S 15), and autumn (rice field A 28, lake A 34). M. micrura is a cosmopolitan species complex (Petrusek et al. 2004), rather common in East and South-East Asia, including China (Xiang et al. 2015). For more information, see Goulden (1968).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9BFFBBFF16D40CFD9AF296.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 D – I). An abundant neustonic species occurring in all types of water bodies in both spring and winter. Ephippial females found in rice fields (S 27, A 28) and in two ponds (S 32, A 29) possessed dorsal keels on the ephippium (fig. 4 E) specific for the taxon. S. smirnovi was described from material from the Russian Far East, Korea and Japan (Garibian et al. 2020). It is sibling-species of S. kingii Sars, 1888 (syn. S. kingi, Sars 1903) described from Australia and earlier presumed to be pantropical. However, the recent taxonomic status of East and South-East Asian populations, earlier identified as S. kingii, is doubtful. S. kingii and S. smirnovi have identical morphology of parthenogenetic females, and can be differentiated morphologically only by shape of the ephippium. Our data clarify the taxonomic status of populations from Central China, suggesting all records of S. kingii (Xiang et al. 2015, as S. kingi) belong to S. smirnovi instead. For a detailed description see Garibian et al. (2020).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9BFFBBFF16D7B3FE2AF3C0.taxon	description	A rare littoral phytophilous species found in a single lake (A 5) and a rice field (A 38) in autumn. According to Orlova-Bienkowskaja (2001), S. heilongjiangensis is common in tropical Asia, Africa and Australia, but in our opinion, the species status of these populations is unclear. In China, S. heilongjiangensis was previously recorded in its terra typica, Maoershan Mountain in Heilongjiang Province, and in in Donghu Lake, Wuchang, Hubei Province (Xiang et al. 2015). For a description, see Orlova-Bienkowskaja (2001).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9BFFBBFF16D6C8FDAEF4BE.taxon	description	(fig. 5 A – G). A littoral phytophilous species, is relatively abundant in both spring and autumn in ponds, lakes and more rarely inhabits rice fields. S. exspinosus is a cosmopolitan species (Orlova-Bienkowskaja, 2001; Korovchinsky et al. 2021) occurring in North and South Eurasia, Africa and Australia. It is a new record for Central China, the species was previously found only in the northern part of the country (Xiang et al. 2015). For a description, see Orlova-Bienkowskaja (2001). According to this study, in the Palearctic S. expinosus coexists with its sibling-species S. congener (Koch, 1841) which differs only in the morphology of the postabdominal claw, having a pecten of 20 - 25 smaller spines on the outer side instead of 8 – 12 in S. expinosus. In our material, we found specimens with intermediate number of spines (15 – 18), thus we consider these taxa as synonyms.	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9BFFBBFF16D18BFD6FF5E8.taxon	description	(fig. 5 H – M). A common phytophilous species inhabiting lotic waterbodies of any type in Hunan and Hubei, is abundant in both spring and autumn. Few ephippial females were found in spring in a lake (S 24). A cosmopolitan species found in North Eurasia, East Asia, North Africa and North America. In China S. mixtus was recorded in Heilongjiang Province only, but not in the central part of the country (Xiang et al. 2015). However, the species could be misidentified as the widely distributed S. vetuloides Sars, 1898. For a description see Orlova-Bienkowskaja, 2001.	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9DFFBDFF16D3A0FDC4F734.taxon	description	A relatively common benthic species found mostly in lakes in autumn. I. spinifer inhabits muddy or clay substrates. The species is distributed worldwide, except for the Palearctic. No evidence of the non-cosmopolitanism of I. spinifer has been found (Kotov & Dumont 2000). The species is common in East Asia, including China (Xiang et al. 2015). For detailed description see Kotov & Dumont (2000) and Kotov et al. (2012) for Far Eastern populations.	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9DFFBCFF16D214FC5EF08A.taxon	description	A benthic species found in lakes and ponds and rice fields in spring and autumn (localities S 19, S 22, S 29, S 32, S 35, A 14, A 15, A 34). The first record for Central China. I. yooni prefers shallow vegetated littoral zone (Jeong et al. 2012). The species was recorded from Far East of Russia, Japan, Korea and North China (Jeong et al. 2012), Hainan Island (Sinev et al. 2015) and mountainous regions of Malaysian Borneo (Sinev & Yusoff 2015). For a detailed description Jeong et al. (2012).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D797FBA7F39C.taxon	description	Rare in studied material, found in spring in a single lake (S 6) and in autumn in a single pond (A 32). A. kotovi inhabits water bodies of various types with a muddy bottom (Sinev 2012). The species is distributed in the Indo-Malaysian Region, in East Asia recorded in South Korea, Hainan Island and Yunnan Province (Sinev et al. 2020). The first record for Central China. Earlier records of Alona s. str. from East China (Ji et al. 2015) were attributed to Palearctic A. quadrangularis (O. F. Müller, 1776), but all the populations from Central China probably belong to A. kotovi. For detailed description see Sinev (2012).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D6ACFE60F429.taxon	description	The species occurred in a single reservoir (A 39) in Hunan. Littoral species, associated with vegetation. Paleotropical species, common in tropical Asia, Mediterranean region, and Africa (Van Damme et al. 2011, Sinev & Kotov 2012). Recorded for China mostly as Alona verrucosa Sars, 1901 (Ji et al. 2015). For detailed descriptions see Van Damme et al. (2011), for a description of Indochina populations see Sinev & Kotov (2012).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D11EFEF6F584.taxon	description	(fig. 6 E – I). A single ephippial female and a single male were found in autumn in an artificial lake (A 34). The first record for China. Species is known from Thailand, Laos and Vietnam, rare, usually recorded from streams and rivers (Sinev 2016). It is also the first record of the ephippial female for this species. In the preserved specimen, ephippium is weakly yellow-brown, covered by minute, irregularly spaced dots. Distinctive characters of the species include characteristic shape and armament of postabdomen in both sexes with strongly protruding preanal angle (fig. 7 F, I); IDL setae of thoracic limb I armed with uniform thin spinules in both male and female (fig. 7 H, J); antenna with a cluster of very long setulae on basal segment of exopodite (fig. 7 G). Studied specimens differ from those recorded from South-East Asia by having a less protuberant preanal angle of the postabdomen and somewhat longer antennal spines. For description see Sinev & Kotov (2012).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D087FB44F619.taxon	description	Found in a single lake (S 6) in Hunan. Common widely distributed (predominantly Palearctic) species, also present in Indo-Malaysian region and South Africa (Sinev 2020). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015). For detailed description see Sinev (2020).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D462FDDBF1D8.taxon	description	A common planktonic species being abundant in spring and autumn, inhabits mostly lakes and reservoirs, occurs more rarely in rice fields and ponds. A single male occurred in spring in a pond (S 37). A cosmopolitan, predominantly Boreal species (Korovchinsky et al. 2021). For a description see Alonso (1996) and Kotov et al., (2009).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D4F3FD4FF249.taxon	description	It is a planktonic species, being abundant in spring and autumn, it occurs in water bodies of any type, being the most common for lakes, reservoirs and ponds. B. fatalis is an East Asian species distributed from the Russian Far East to Malaysia. For a description see Tanaka, 2000; the description of a male is given by Kotov et al. (2009).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D740FBBFF2FA.taxon	description	A common planktonic species found in spring and autumn, inhabits mostly lakes, reservoirs and ponds. The species is widespread in North Eurasia, including China (Garibian et al. 2021 a). B. zernowi was previously recorded in China as B. deitersi Richard, 1895, it has been shown that this last taxon is distributed only in America. For detailed description see Garibian et al. (2021 a).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D3BEFD0DF7AC.taxon	description	A littoral phytophilous species abundant in autumn, predominantly found in lakes, was rarer in spring. The first record for Central China. C. uncinatus is distributed in southern Europe, Israel, Iraq, Egypt, Ethiopia, Rift Valley of Africa, South-West and East Siberia and Korea (Sinev 2014 a), recently recorded in Hainan (Sinev et al. 2015) and North-East Thailand (Tiang-Nga et al. 2020). In continental China, the species was recorded in Yunnan Province only (Sinev et al. 2020). The most frequently reported species of Camptocercus is C. australis Sars, 1988 (Ji et al. 2015) but this species is confined to Australia (Sinev 2015 a), and all these records most probably belong to C. uncinatus as well. For description see Sinev (2014 a), for description of East Asian populations see Kotov et al. (2012).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9CFFBCFF16D331FC52F68A.taxon	description	A rare species encountered in three lakes (S 7, S 8, A 1) and in a reservoir (S 33). The first record for continental China. C. vietnamensis is a rheophilous species recorded in South-East Asia (Sinev 2011); in Hunan the species inhabits a littoral zone of large lotic water bodies. Distributed in Malaysia, Vietnam and Hainan (Sinev 2016). For detailed description see Sinev (2011).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D5F6FD15F1D6.taxon	description	vegetated lotic water bodies of any type, predominantly in spring. Males and ephippial females were recorded in both spring and autumn at localities S 4, S 7, S 32, A 22, A 34. C. rectangula is a Palearctic species, distributed from Spain to Far East of Russia, common in China. In East Asia, the species penetrates south up to Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo, but South-East Asian populations slightly differ from those of the Palearctic in that they have narrower postabdomen, probably presenting a species-complex (Sinev & Yusoff 2015; Sinev et al. 2015). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015). For description, see Van Damme & Dumont (2008).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D4F2FC9CF1AA.taxon	description	Littoral phytophilous species found in two lakes (A 3, A 25) in autumn. Presumably a pantropical species, common in Indo-Malaysian region (Rajapaksa & Fernando, 1987 a; Sinev, 2016). For detailed description see Rajapaksa & Fernando (1987 a).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D49EFC49F2DA.taxon	description	A common littoral phytophilous species inhabiting waterbodies of any type, is abundant in both spring and autumn. A single male was found in a pond (A 32) in autumn. Palearctic species, in East Asia penetrating south to Hainan Island and North-East Thailand (Sinev 2016). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015). For more information see Sinev & Dumont (2016).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D7EEFF4CF34A.taxon	description	Found in three lakes (S 11, S 13, S 14) in Hunan. The species is associated with submerged macrophytes. Species is described from North Europe, recorded worldwide, probably forming a species complex. Common in China (Ji et al. 2015). For description of European populations see Alonso (1996).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D67EFEC3F44E.taxon	description	(fig. 7 A – D). A rare species occurred in a single channel (A 11) and in a rice field (A 26) in Hunan. The species is associated with macrophytes. The specimens studied present a typical morphology of the species, and are characterized by a very small basal spine of postabdominal claw (fig. 7 C). The species is distributed in South-East Asia; earlier it was presumed to be conspecific to Australian Karualona karua (King, 1863) (Sinev & Semenyuk 2023). Most earlier records of Karualona in China were attributed to K. karua (Ji et al. 2015), but our data suggest that it is not present in China. For detailed description see Sinev & Semenyuk (2023).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D17AFECDF4FE.taxon	description	Found in a single lake (A 5) in Hunan. A phytophilous littoral species considered to be pantropical, common in Oriental region (Rajapaksa & Fernando 1986 b), recorded in South and Central China (Ji et al. 2015) and South Korea (Kotov et al. 2012). For detailed description see Rajapaksa & Fernando (1986 b).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D1CAFE05F56E.taxon	description	A rare benthic species found in lakes in spring (S 7, S 21) and autumn (A 9, A 14, A 34). L. ciliata occurs in waterbodies with clay or muddy bottom (Sinev et al. 2015). The species is distributed in the Paleotropics; was previously recorded in Hunan as L. acanthocercoides (Fischer, 1854). For a detailed description see Kotov et al. (2003).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D05AFD2CF5BA.taxon	description	Rare in studied material, a single individual occurred in a lake (S 6) in Hunan. M. dispar is associated with a sandy littoral. The species was described from Norway and recorded throughout the world, but recent studies showed that in the Neotropics it is replaced by sibling-species; the taxonomic status of other tropical records is questionable. In Eurasia, M. dispar is common in cold and temperate regions, rather rare in tropics. For a description see Alonso (1996).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D08EFF4CF6E2.taxon	description	A rather rare littoral species occurred in autumn in several large lakes (A 19, A 20, A 22, A 31) and in one pond (A 32). Few males were found in some of the lakes (A 20, A 22) and the pond (A 32). A rheophilous species, commonly encountered in rivers and streams (Kotov & Sanoamuang 2004), also occurring in littoral zone of large lakes. N. eximius is predominantly a tropical species, common in South-East Asia, spreading north up to Central China (Sinev 2016; Ji et al. 2015). For a description see Kotov & Sanoamuang (2004).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D3A6FDDAF712.taxon	description	A relatively common littoral species found in lakes and ponds mostly in autumn; in spring is rare, it occurred in a single pond (S 1). O. cambouei is distributed in Paleotropic; in China it was earlier recorded as Alona cambouei Guerne & Richard, 1893 or A. pulchella King, 1883 (Ji et al, 2015). For detailed description see Sinev, (2015 b).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF9EFFBEFF16D236FBF0F782.taxon	description	(fig. 7 E – I). Littoral phytophilous species, rare in the material studied material, in autumn in two lakes (A 20, A 26). A single male found in a lake (A 20) had a morphology similar to that of the European O. tenuicaudis (fig. 7 E – I, see also fig. 72 M – O in Hudec, 2010). Predominantly a Palearctic species, common in China (Ji et al. 2015). For detailed description see Hudec (2010).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF81FFA1FF16D194FDB9F5C0.taxon	description	Littoral phytophilous species, rare in studied material, found in two lakes (S 5, S 14) and a river (A 37). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015). Species is presumably cosmopolitan (Smirnov, 1996), common in temperate and subtropical regions, rare in tropics. Recent studies revealed a high level of genetic divergence within the species, which probably indicates the presence of a species-complex (Neretina et al. 2021). For description see Alonso (1996).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF81FFA1FF16D0C8FE73F6BB.taxon	description	Common in spring and autumn, occurs in waterbodies of any type. Eurybiotic littoral species, sometimes encountered in pelagic zone. The first record for China. Ch. cf. biovatus belongs to the Chydorus sphaericus species complex. Species of the sphaericus - complex in Eurasia have identical morphology of parthenogenetic females, but might be distinguished by male and ephippial female morphology (Belyaeva & Taylor, 2009; Klimovsky & Kotov, 2015; Kotov et al. 2016). A single male (Fig. 8 J) was found in a lake (S 6) in spring; the individual had a rounded rostrum (Fig 8 K) and a weak preanal angle in the postabdomen (Fig. 8 L) typical for the species. Ch. biovatus s. str. is widely distributed in the Nearctic, but populations with a similar morphology have been reported in Yakutia and Kamchatka (Korovchinsky et al. 2021). For description see Klimovsky & Kotov (2015).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF81FFA1FF16D38CFDF9F7C8.taxon	description	Rare in the area, found in a single lake (A 34) in Hunan. A littoral species associated with vegetation. The species was described in South America, presumed to be circumtropical (Smirnov, 1996), but needs a revision. Common in the Oriental region (Sinev 2014 b). In China the species was recorded in Hubei, Hunan and Guangdong Provinces (Ji et al. 2015). For descriptions, see Smirnov (1996); for descriptions of Oriental populations, see Sinev (2014 b).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF81FFA0FF16D2C0FD9BF142.taxon	description	Littoral substrate-associated species. A relatively common littoral species associated with vegetation, abundant in both spring and autumn. Species known from Africa and tropical Asia, in eastern Asia penetrating north to Far East of Russia (Neretina et al. 2018). Population of D. chappuisi from East and South-East Asia, including those from China (see Ji et al. 2015; Sinev et al. 2015) were recorded as D. hamata Birge, 1879, but recent revision clarified its status (Neretina et al. 2018). For detailed description see Neretina et al. (2018).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF81FFA1FF16D120FABBF497.taxon	description	Rare in studied material, occurred in two lakes (A 19, A 41) and in a reservoir (S 33). Littoral species associated with vegetation. Species that is presumed cosmopolitan; recent studies of Mexican populations did not reveal no significant differences with European specimens (Sinev & Silva-Briano 2012). Common in China (Ji et al. 2015). For detailed description, see Sinev et al. (2023).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF80FFA0FF16D446FCFEF246.taxon	description	A common littoral species, encountered in both open littoral and vegetated areas, occurs in both spring and autumn in various water bodies. Species so far is known from Amur River basin in Russia, South Korea, Hainan Island and North-East Thailand (Kotov & Sinev 2011; Kotov et al. 2012; Sinev et al. 2015; Tiang-nga et al. 2020). In continental China, the species was recorded only once, in Yunnan Province (Sinev et al. 2020). Earlier Disparalona s. str. records from China were attributed to D. (D). rostrata (Koch, 1841) (Ji et al. 2015), but actually all populations from China probably belong to D. (D). ikarus. For description, see Kotov & Sinev (2011) and Kotov et al. (2012).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF80FFA0FF16D742FEF4F2DA.taxon	description	Rare in studied material, found in a single lake (A 20) in Hunan. A cosmopolitan species described from Australia (Smirnov 1996), widespread in China (Ji et al. 2015). For more information, see Smirnov (1996).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF80FFA0FF16D7EEFCF6F34A.taxon	description	A rare littoral species occurred in two lakes (S 5, A 26) and one pond (A 17). Ephippial females were found in autumn in a lake (A 26). Predominantly a Palearctic species, common in temperate regions of Eurasia, rare in Paleotropics; in East Asia penetrates south to Malaysian peninsula. For a description see Alonso (1996) and Korovchinsky et al. (2021).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF80FFA0FF16D67EFF4CF396.taxon	description	A common littoral, macrophyte-associated species abundant in waterbodies of any type in both spring and winter. Few males were found in a rice field (S 31). Distributed in Central, Eastern and Southeast Asia and Australia. In China, the species was recorded predominantly as P. assimilis Brady, 1907 (Sinev & Sanoamuang 2013; Ji et al. 2015). For description, see Sinev & Sanoamuang (2013).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
116187FFFF80FFA0FF16D6B2FC53F4FE.taxon	description	Rather rare species found mostly in lakes in both spring and autumn. Littoral species, feeding on microcrustacean remains, occurs mostly in the samples with high density of other Cladocera. The species was described from material collected during our first Hunan-Hubei sampling trip and to date it is reported from Central and South China, Thailand and Vietnam (Sinev et al. 2016, 2020). Earlier Pseudochydorus records from China were attributed to P. globosus (Ji et al. 2015), but all populations from East China probably belong to P. bopingi. For description, see Sinev et al. (2016).	en	Dadykin, Ivan A., Sinev, Artem Y., Gu, Yangliang, Han, Bo-Ping (2023): Spring and autumn fauna of Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in the center of East Asia plain: Hunan and Hubei Provinces of China. Zootaxa 5380 (1): 1-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5380.1.1, URL: https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5380.1.1/52355
