identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
116D0279FFAD6629FDCA6518997BF88C.text	116D0279FFAD6629FDCA6518997BF88C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eugraphe HUBNER 1821	<div><p>Eugraphe HÜBNER, [1821] 1816</p><p>(Figs 18, 19, 44, 45, 50)</p><p>Type species: Phalaena Noctua sigma [DENIS et SCHIFFERMÜLLER], 1775.</p><p>Taxonomic remarks. A probably monotypic genus, its type species is Trans- Palaearctic. The genus is closely related to Anagnorisma RONKAY et VARGA, 1999, Coenophila STEPHENS, 1850 (Holarctic), Eugnorisma BOURSIN, 1946, and supposedly also to the Nearctic Eueretagrotis .</p><p>Diagnosis. The external appearance of the only known species of the genus (Fig. 50)is rather different from those of the closely related Anagnorisma, Eugnorisma and Coenophila (see also FIBIGER 1997), resembling mostly certain species of Spaelotis BOISDUVAL, 1840 and also Graphiphora OCHSENHEIMER, 1816 .</p><p>The closest related genus of Eugraphe, owing to the genitalia features of both sexes, is Anagnorisma, one of the most ancient known groups of the Eugnorisma – Eugraphe phyletic line. Their male genitalia differ mainly by the size and structure of the subbasal cornutus which is much stronger, longer in Anagnorisma (see RONKAY &amp; VARGA 1999, Figs 21, 22), the presence/absence of the long zone of fine sclerotised ribs in the inner curve of the vesica (present in Eugraphe, absent in Anagnorisma)and the shape and size of the pollex which is much more lobate in Eugraphe than in the Anagnorisma species.</p><p>The female genitalia of Anagnorisma show a less homogeneous picture where the typical features of Eugraphe (e.g. the well-developed postero-lateral appendages of the ostium bursae or the medially folded ductus bursae)may appear but in different combinations, and a part of the species still have signa in the corpus bursae.</p><p>The main differences between the male genitalia of Eugraphe and Eugnorisma lie in the aedeagus and the vesica: the aedeagus of Eugraphe has a ventral sclerotised bar of the carina extending towards basal part of vesica, terminated in a strong, dentate bulb; the carina of Eugnorisma has generally a dorsal (dentated, hooked, etc.)projection, if there is a stronger ventral sclerotisation (in the E. chaldaica – E. spodia group), it is always very strong and pyramidal. Another generic apomorphy of Eugnorisma is the presence of a distal, smaller or larger, field</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>of minute cornuti in the vesica, covering often the surface of a subterminal diverticulum; this cornuti field is completely missing in Eugraphe .</p><p>The most conspicuous differential feature of the female genitalia of Eugraphe, as compared with Eugnorisma, is the presence of large, heavily sclerotised, terminally rounded postero-lateral appendages of the ostium bursae. The ostium bursae of Eugnorisma is also strongly sclerotised, but its caudal margin is more or less straight, except in certain species of the E. chaldaica lineage, but is much weaker, therefore the caudal edge of the ostium bursae is only slightly U-shaped. It is worth mentioning that Paradiarsia and Anagnorisma have such appendages, although those of Paradiarsia are considerably smaller and weaker.</p><p>Eugraphe differs from Coenophila, besides the external dissimilarity, by the presence of the subbasal cornutus of the vesica (it is absent in Coenophila), the differently built apical part of the valva and the much longer, slenderer, curved harpe (see FIBIGER 1997, pp. 288–289, figs 193, 194)of the males, the different shape of the postero-lateral appendages of the ostium bursae (they are “bear-ear-shaped” in Eugraphe, “mouse-antler”-shaped in Coenophila)and the different proportion and shape of ductus bursae and corpus bursae ( Eugraphe has short but strong, flattened ductus and large, spacious corpus bursae while the ductus bursae of Coenophila is long, narrowly tubular since the corpus bursae is rather small, elliptical)of the females.</p><p>Redescription. External features (Fig. 50): Medium-sized moths with dark brown ground colour of both wings, forewing costal area suffused with some reddish or ochreous brown scales; orbicular and reniform stigmata sharply marked, blackish, with some reddish-brownish definition, all other markings rather obsolescent; hindwing concolorous dark brown.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 18, 19): Uncus long and thin, slightly spatulate apically. Valva without cucullus and corona, pointed with a tiny “pseudopollex” laterally. Saccular extension weakly sclerotised. Harpe long, falcate. Juxta shield-shaped with two parallel sclerotised crests apically. Aedeagus long, slightly arcuate, carina weakly sclerotised, with modified, bulbous, dentate ribbon. Vesica saccate, recurved, projecting ventrally; with a small bulbed cornutus in subbasal position.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 44, 45): Ovipositor rather short, weak; papillae anales finely conical, setose; posterior gonapophyses slender, fine. Ostium bursae large, sclerotized, its ventral plate quadrangular, with large, flattened, somewhat “bear-ear-shaped” postero-lateral appendages. Ductus bursae medium long, flattened, proximally slightly dilated and curved, most parts strongly, granulously sclerotized. Distal part with strong, straight, oblique dorsal crest running from postero-lateral end towards middle of opposite edge. Anterior third with relatively strong wrinkles and ribs, extending deeply towards apical part of bursa copulatrix. Appendix bursae ample, semiglobular, finely wrinkled; corpus bursae long, sacculiform, weakly membranous; signa absent.</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FFAD6629FDCA6518997BF88C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FFAB6626FD1766069F55FB6B.text	116D0279FFAB6626FD1766069F55FB6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Goniographa Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Goniographa gen. n.</p><p>(Figs 1–14, 24–40, 51–65)</p><p>Type species: Agrotis decussa STAUDINGER, 1897, Dt.ent. Z.Iris 9: 367. Type locality: Alexander Mts .</p><p>Taxonomic remarks. BOURSIN (1954, 1963)noted that 3 species of Eugraphe are characterised by some shared genital characters: they have “a very strong pollex, making the distal part of the valva trifid ( marcida, decussa, funkei)”. More exactly: they can be characterised by the presence of an acute, subapical “pseudopollex”, originating from the dorsal sclerotised margin of the valva and by the presence of a well-developed lateral pollex, situated close to the basis of the harpe. The apical “pseudopollex” can be evidently derived from the reduced cucullus, a homologous but less strong and acute lobe is present in the genera Setagrotis, Eugraphe, Eugnorisma, Adelphagrotis, etc. However, we should suppose that this character can be considered only as a homoplasy, because it may occur in both of the group of Xestiini genera having spinulose sclerotised plate of the carina and also in those genera which have a (variably) dentate bar at the base of the vesica.</p><p>The new genus comprises three species-groups (the decussa-, the funkei-, and the marcida- groups)consisting of closely related sister species. (The taxonomic placement of “ Eugraphe ” versuta (PÜNGELER, 1909) has remained uncertain, therefore it was not included into Goniographa). The external appearance of the species within these species groups are often confusingly similar but even certain species of the decussa - and marcida species-groups (for instance G. discussa and G. gyulaipeteri)can be surprisingly similar externally. The differences in the genitalia of both sexes, however, are easily recognisable not only between the three species-groups but also in the twin species of the given species-groups, too.</p><p>Synopsis of the species</p><p>Goniographa decussa (STAUDINGER, 1897) comb. n.</p><p>Goniographa discussa sp. n.</p><p>Goniographa shchetkini sp. n.</p><p>Goniographa funkei (PÜNGELER, 1901) comb. n.</p><p>Goniographa metafunkei sp. n.</p><p>Goniographa naumanni sp. n.</p><p>Goniographa marcida (CHRISTOPH, 1893) comb. n.</p><p>Goniographa gyulaipeteri sp. n.</p><p>Diagnosis. The new genus shows a unical combination of three main autapomorphies in the male genitalia which are as follows: 1)The dorsally projected vesica with dentate eversible ventral bar; 2)The complete lack of any spinulose or</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>specially modified surfaces on the vesica; 3)The characteristic tripartite appear - ance of the apical part of the valva, this unique character was already observed and commented by BOURSIN (1964), consisting of the pointed, cuneate valval apex, the also acute and usually strong pseudopollex and the well-developed, cuneate or thorn-like pollex.</p><p>The characteristic features of the female genitalia are the sclerotized, rather large, triangular, calyculate or infundibular ventral plate of ostium bursae, separated from the similarly sclerotised ductus bursae by a fine membranous collar; the sclerotized, flattened ductus bursae with stronger or weaker longitudinal suture at the ventral surface; the scobinate-wrinkled apical (posterior)third of the corpus bursae; the membranous, rather small main part of corpus bursae, having no signa.</p><p>Most of the related genera have either a strongly sclerotised, plate-like and spinulose carina but without a bar-shaped dentate processus ( Eugnorisma, Metagnorisma, Paradiarsia, Anagnorisma etc.)with ventrally or ventro-laterally pro - jecting vesica. Other genera show some different, often modified forms of the bar-shaped dentate processus, but also combined with ventrally projecting vesica ( Eugraphe, Coenophila, etc.). Those Xestiini genera which can be characterised with bulbed cornutus of the vesica (e.g. Eugraphe, “ Eugnorisma ” miniago, some Lycophotia spp., Pseudohermonassa, etc.)usually have ventrally projected vesica. The externally most similar Anagnorisma spp. do not have any dentate processus onto the basal part of vesica but have a thorn-like, not bulbed cornutus and their vesica is projected ventrally. Some species of the highly diverse genus Xestia (s. l.)may have dorsally projecting vesica, but in these cases the dentate processus of carina is also dorsal, and the vesica has no cornutus.</p><p>The structure of the female genitalia shows close relationships of Goniographa with certain species-groups of Eugnorisma and Protognorisma while it is rather distinct from those of Eugraphe, Coenophila or Metagnorisma . The female genitalia of Eugnorisma is generally more robust than those of Goniographa, the ostium is larger, broader but less elongate and less triangular, being more strongly fused with ductus bursae, the ductus bursae is regularly folded (sometimes very strongly, in different directions)and the posterior part of the corpus bursae and the cervix bursae are more ribbed-wrinkled and usually more spacious. The ostiumductus complex of Protognorisma is rather similar to that of Goniographa at the first sight but the proportion of them is different, the ostium is smaller, shorter and the ductus is longer than those of Goniographa . In addition, Goniographa and Eugnorisma have no signa while Protognorisma (and Metagnorisma)have rib - bon-like ( Protognorisma) or patch-like ( Metagnorisma) signa.</p><p>The female genitalia of Eugraphe differ from those of Goniographa, besides their larger size and more spacious corpus bursae, by the characteristic structure of</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>the ostium bursae with the long postero-lateral appendages (see above in the diagnosis of Eugraphe) and the medially strongly folded ductus bursae.</p><p>Description (Figs 51–65). Generally medium-sized species (wingspan 27–37 mm) with rather slender body, elongate, apically pointed forewings and relatively small, rounded hindwings. Head large, eyes large, globular; frons broad, smooth, finely convex, covered relatively sparsely with long hair-scales. Palpi slender, slightly upturned, second segment with longer or shorter scales laterally; third segment bar-shaped, longer (funkei- group), medium-long (decussa- group)or rather short ( marcida -group). Proboscis well developed. Male antenna fasciculate with rather long cilia, female antenna shortly, sparsely ciliate. Collar and tegulae large, distinct, pro-and metathoracic tufts well developed. Abdomen long, slender, dorsal crest weak or reduced. Fore tibiae with a full row of longer spines, meso- and hind tibiae with two incomplete rows of spines. Tarsi with rather three than four rows of spines.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 1–14): Uncus strong, digitiform, often spatulate, pointed or obtuse apically; tegumen high, trigonal; valva elongate, apex bifid apically, pollex long, cuneate, spiniform or sligthly curved; harpe strong, may be short or elongate, curved; juxta shield-shaped. Aedeagus long, straight or slightly curved, carina strongly sclerotised with bar-shaped dentate processus which can be modified into some strongly sclerotised teeth; vesica saccate or tubular, projecting dorsally, partly or fully recurved, armed with broad and most often short, bulbed cornutus in subbasal or medial position.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 24–40): The female genitalia can be characterized by the weak, relatively short ovipositor; the sclerotized, rather large, more or less triangular ventral plate of the ostium bursae; the strong, often heavily sclerotized, flattened ductus bursae, often with fine longitudinal suture at ventral surface; the well-developed, ribbed-wrinkled, subconical or semiglobular appendix bursae; the scobinate-wrinkled apical (posterior)third of the corpus bursae; and the membranous, elliptical-ovoid main part of corpus bursae, having no signa.</p><p>The common species-group features of the three species-groups are described hereunder.</p><p>G. decussa -group</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 1–4): Uncus digitiform, of medium length, obtuse terminally; valva with convex dorsal margin, lateral apical extension horn-shaped, longer than the dorsal one; harpe reduced to its basal plate; pollex long, pointed apically, oxbow-shaped. Juxta broad, shield-shaped, with short, bar-shaped sclerotisation apically. Aedeagus long, nearly straight, carina serrate, extended into a long, terminally curved serrate ribbon-shaped bar onto the basal part of the vesica. Vesica bilobate, with a moderately strong bulbed cornutus subterminally.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 24–29): Ostium bursae with ventral plate shorter or broader triangular or calyculate, having variably strong medio-caudal incision. Ductus bursae variably long, flattened, strongly, sometimes heavily sclerotized, tubular, usually finely tapering towards posterior end, sometimes with large, rounded lateral angle at middle; junction of ventral plate to corpus bursae may be weakly or strongly arched and/or crenellate, or having long and deep, sometimes sinuously folded large crest running into a rather globular, big ventral pouch.</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>G. funkei- group</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 5–11): Uncus more or less spatulate, pointed terminally; valva very long with nearly straight dorsal margin, slender distally, lateral apical extension acute apically, slightly or essentially longer than dorsal one; harpe strong, curved; pollex strongly developed, pointed apically, with different shape in each species. Juxta relatively small, pentagonal. Aedeagus very long, straight with strongly dentate or finely serrulate carina; dentate bar more or less reduced. Vesica broadly tubular, unilobate, more or less recurved; position and size of bulbed cornutus different in each species.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 30–35): Ostium bursae with ventral plate triangular, trapezoidal or infundibular, caudal margin slightly convex, arcuate, with variably deep medial incision. Ductus bursae medium-long or long, broadly tubular or cask-shaped, proximal half of ductus bursae may have a long, strong lateral fold along left margin and a stronger lateral rib or a weak, short fold at anterior end. Appendix bursae relatively short, subconical-semiglobular; corpus bursae discoidal-globular.</p><p>G. marcida -group</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 12–14): Uncus thin, elongate, pointed apically; tegumen broader, triangular. Valva elongate, narrow, with slightly convex dorsal margin; apical processes thorn-shaped, acute apically; harpe strong, pointed apically; pollex straight, cuneate, pointed apically. Juxta relatively small, shield-like. Aedeagus rather long, carina finely serrate, extended into a finely dentate ribbon-shaped bar onto basal part of the vesica. Vesica tubular, recurved, with short, bulbed cornutus.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 36–40): Ventral plate of ostium bursae broadly triangular-calyculate, with convex, evenly arcuate caudal margin, without incision. Ductus bursae, long, broad, flattened, anterior end with short but strong medio-lateral crest and a large, rounded, verrucose proximo-lateral plate. Appendix bursae large, subconical, with membranous apex and wrinkled-ribbed, scobinate basal two-thirds or with large, sclerotized, more or less rounded dorsal fold.</p><p>Goniographa decussa (STAUDINGER, 1897) comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 1–3, 24, 25, 51, 52)</p><p>Agrotis decussa STAUDINGER, 1897, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 9: 367. Type locality: Alexander Mts.</p><p>Type material examined: a syntype male, a colour picture of which and the photo of its genitalia (slide 127 BOURSIN, mentioned as “ holotype ”)are presented in Figs 1 and 51. This specimen is designated here as the lectotype of Agrotis decussa STAUDINGER (deposited in coll. STAUDINGER, ZMHU Berlin) .</p><p>Additional material examined: Uzbekistan: 9 males, 5 females, W Tien Shan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=69.96667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 69.96667/lat 41.533333)">Chimgan Mts</a>, 800–2000 m, 69°58’E, 41°32’N, 18–25.VII.1990, leg. GYULAI &amp; HREBLAY (coll. B. HERCZIG, P. GYULAI, G. RONKAY, Z. VARGA) ; 1 male, from the same Mts, 1600 m, 20.IX.1992, leg. L. MISKÓ ; 1 male, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=70.833336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.183334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 70.833336/lat 42.183334)">Tien Shan Mts</a>, Maidantal Mts, Pskem valley, 2100 m, 42°11’N, 70°50’E, 28–31.VII.1994 ; 1 male, W Tien Shan, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.45/lat 42.0)">Chatkal Mts</a>, Besch-Aral, 2200 m, 71°27’E, 42°00’N, 27.VII.1993, leg. V. &amp; A. LUKHTANOV ; 1 male, Susamyr Mts, valley of Chickhan river, 1800 m, 29–30.VII.1994, leg. TOROPOV &amp; SINIAEV (coll. P. GYULAI) . Kirghisia: Issyk-Kul (coll. P. GYULAI); 1 male, Alai Mts, Uzhgen ,</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>2300 m, 20– 30.08.1999, leg. GURKO (coll. LEHMANN); 1 male, Alai Mts, 1800–2000 m, 10–20.VIII.</p><p>1999 (coll. BECHER); 1 male, Transili Alatau, 2500 m, Ak-tuz, 1–10.X.1997, leg. TOROPOV (coll. LEHMANN) .</p><p>Slide Nos RL 7545m, RL 7546m, 7041 VZ, 7156 VZ (males), RL 7531f (female).</p><p>Diagnosis. G. decussa resembles mostly the next, newly described species, G. discussa, the third species of the species-group, G. shchetkini is more similar externally to the small specimens of G. gyulaipeteri sp. n. having rounded forewing apex. The forewings of G. decussa are more triangular than those of G. discussa, apically more pointed, the orbicular, reniform and claviform stigmata are more regular, being defined finely by black scales and by fine ochreous contour-line; the dark intermacular patch in the cell, the basal dash and the subterminal chevron-spots are also more sharply marked. The hindwings are light brownish grey with darker suffusion along the veins.</p><p>The male genitalia of G. decussa can be distinguished from G. discussa by their more convex, “humped” dorsal margin of valva, the more reduced harpe, the broader juxta, the somewhat more slender, not spatulate uncus, the “broken” course of the ribbon-like extension of the carina and by the essentially shorter cornutus. The female genitalia of G. decussa have, comparing with those of G.</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>discussa and G. shchetkini (Figs 24–29), the largest ostium bursae with the strongest medio-caudal incision. The configuration of the ductus bursae is similar to that of G. shchetkini but it is considerably longer, proximally less dilated, without prominent lateral angle and the anterior arch of the ventral plate of ductus bursae is significantly deeper. The characteristic structure of the anterior third of ductus bursae of the third species of the lineage, G. discussa, differs conspicuously from those of G. decussa and G. shchetkini (see also in the diagnoses of the two other species of the lineage).</p><p>Description. Wingspan 27–37 mm. The external features are described in detail by STAUDINGER in the original description, two typical specimens are illustrated in colour in Figs 51 and 52.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 1–3): Uncus straight, obtuse; dorsal costa of valva humped. Distal, erect part of harpe reduced to a tiny protuberance; pollex moderately long, slighly curved; juxta very broad, with small, linguiform appendix apically. Aedeagus nearly straight, moderately long; dentate ribbon of ventral edge of carina “sickle”-shaped, broken medially; bulbed cornutus small, short, often bifid.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 24, 25): Ovipositor medium-long, rather weak; gonapophyses slender, fine. Ostium bursae sclerotized, its ventral plate broadly triangular, with broad, shallow medio-caudal incision. Ductus bursae strongly, rather smoothly sclerotized, long, broad, more or less flattened (its cross-section is flat triangular at proximal part), finely tapering towards posterior end. Ventral surface of ductus bursae with narrow longitudinal medial suture, junction of ventral plate to corpus bursae strongly arched and crenellate. Apical part of bursa copulatrix globular, wrinkled-ribbed, partly gelatinous and scobinate-verrucose. Appendix bursae relatively short, subconical, finely wrinkled; corpus bursae medium-long, elliptical-ovoid, weakly membranous, signa absent.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution. Goniographa decussa occurs in the Western Tien-Shan Mts, where it seems to be locally frequent in some lepidopterologically well-known localities, in medium elevations (between 800–2300 m!)of Kirghisia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FFAB6626FD1766069F55FB6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FFA56620FD266266988AFACE.text	116D0279FFA56620FD266266988AFACE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Goniographa discussa Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Goniographa discussa sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 4, 26, 27, 53, 54)</p><p>Holotype: male, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.333332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.05/lat 39.333332)">Seravshan Mts</a>, 45 km SEE Aini, 2000–2600 m, 68°03’E, 39°20’N, 17–18. VII.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV; slide No. RL 7544m (coll. P. GYULAI, in HNHM Budapest).</p><p>Paratypes. Tadjikistan: 1 female, Pamir Mts, Artuch valley, 2–10.VIII.1988, coll. A.V. NEKRASOV (coll. HNHM Budapest); Pamir Mts, Shugnan, VI.1935, leg. WEIDINGER (coll. G. RONKAY); vic of Shuroabad, 35 km S Kuliabad, 2000 m, 12.VIII.1958, leg. SHCHETKIN; Peter 1st Mts, Chasor Thasma, 2100 m, 13.VII.1977, leg. SHCHETKIN; Peter 1st Mts, Muk, 2100 m, 27.VIII.1975, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, 2 females Peter 1st Mts, Daran-Nazarak valley, Ganishou, 2110 m, 19–21.VIII. 1977, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 18 specimens, from the same locality, VII-VIII.1994, leg. SHCHETKIN; 1 m, Peter 1st Mts, Ganishou, 1500–2500 m, 11.VII.2000, leg. RYBAK (coll. LEHMANN) ; 3 females, Daran-Nazarak valley, 1700 m, 15.VIII.1992, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, 3 females, Karategin range, Sangikar gorge, 1700 m, 28.VIII.1969, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 2 males, 2 females, Varzob valley, Maihur, 2000 m, 24.VII.–16.IX.1967, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, Hissar Mts, Anzob pass, 3400 m, 50 km N</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Dushanbe, 24–25.VII.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV; 2 males, from the same locality, 26.VIII.1967, leg.</p><p>SHCHETKIN; 2 males, Hissar Mts, 25 km S Pendzhikent, 1800 m, 10.VII.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV ; 1 female, Hissar Mts, Gushary, 1300 m, 18–25.IX.1985, leg. SHCHETKIN (coll. A. BECHER, J. STUMPF and P. GYULAI). Afghanistan : 1 male, Badakhshan, “Sarakanda” 4100 m, 01.18.1953. leg KLAP- PERICH (ZSM) .</p><p>Slide Nos RL 7563m, RL 7564m, RL 7566m, VZ4673, VZ7022 (males), RL7481f, RL7570f, RL7575f (females).</p><p>Diagnosis. G. discussa has narrower and more rounded forewings comparing with that of G. decussa, with generally more obsolescent markings. The maculation of the new species is less conspicuous, with less sharply defined ochreous outlines of the reniform and orbicular stigmata; the claviform stigma is narrower, more obsolescent. The dark intermacular patch of the cell, the basal dash and the subterminal arrowheads are also less sharply marked; the darker suffusion of the hindwing is more diffuse.</p><p>Comparing the male genitalia of the two sister species, the uncus of G. discussa is slightly broader than in G. decussa, slightly spatulate terminally; the valvae have a less convex dorsal costa; the harpe is slightly more elongate; the dentate, ribbon-like extension of the carina is only slightly arcuate, recurved terminally; the bulbed cornutus is more acute and about twice as large as in G. decussa .</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>The female genitalia of G. discussa differ from those of G. decussa and G. shchetkini by their characteristic, long and deep, sometimes sinuously folded ventral crest of the anterior third of ductus bursae, terminated in a large, more or less globular ventral pouch, both related species have a deeper or shallower arch at anterior edge of ventral plate instead of this structure (see Figs 24–29). The ostium bursae is smaller than that of G. decussa but larger than in G. shchetkini, the medio-caudal incision is the smallest in G. discussa . The anterior third of the ductus bursae is less dilated, its lateral margins are almost parallel, this part is broader ( G. decussa)or conspicuously broader ( G. shchetkini)in the two related species.</p><p>Description. Wingspan 30–35 mm, length of forewing 13–15 mm. The main external features fit well with those of the decussa -group, the differential characteristics are given in the diagnosis. The holotype (male)and a typical female are illustrated in Figs 53 and 54.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 4): Uncus slightly broader, slightly spatulate terminally; dorsal costa of valva only slightly convex; harpe small, more elongate; pollex long and curved; juxta shield-shaped with narrow and shallow incision apically; aedeagus straight, long and strong; dentate ribbon slightly arcuate, recurved terminally; bulbed cornutus large, acute.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 26, 27): Ovipositor medium-long, rather weak; gonapophyses slender, fine. Ostium bursae sclerotized, its ventral plate relatively short, broadly triangular, caudal edge almost straight, with minute medio-caudal incision only. Ductus bursae strongly, granulously sclerotized, more or less flattened, long, broad, with almost parallel lateral margins, only posterior third dilated slightly. Ventral surface of ductus bursae with fine longitudinal medio-lateral suture, anterior third with long and deep, sometimes sinuously folded large crest running into a rather globular, big ventral pouch. Apical part of bursa copulatrix small, flattened-conical, wrinkled, partly gelatinous and scobinate. Appendix bursae rather long, elliptical, finely wrinkled and gelatinous; corpus bursae elliptical-saccate; signa absent.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution. G. discussa is distributed from the Zeravshan and Hissar Mts through the western Pamir Mts to NE Afghanistan (Prov. Badakhshan), mostly at medium but exceptionally also at rather high elevations.</p><p>Etymology. The specific name refers to the less sharply defined markings of the new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FFA56620FD266266988AFACE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FFA36623FDD362C39857FB88.text	116D0279FFA36623FDD362C39857FB88.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Goniographa shchetkini Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Goniographa shchetkini sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 28, 29, 55)</p><p>Holotype: female, Tadjikistan, Pamir Mts, Vanch, Liangar glacier, 4000 m, 20.VIII.1962, ex pupa, leg. SHCHETKIN; slide No. RL7547 f (coll. P. GYULAI, in HNHM Budapest).</p><p>Diagnosis. The unique type specimen of G. shchetkini resembles mostly a small G. discussa female but even more unicolorous, with only very weak paler brownish-ochreous irroration but with stronger violaceous hue, the filling of the</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>orbicular and reniform stigmata is also matching with the violaceous brown ground colour and the fine brownish suffusion of the hindwing is also more concolorous.</p><p>The female genitalia of G. shchetkini have the smallest ostium bursae and the shortest, proximally conspicuously dilated ductus bursae within the three closely allied species of the decussa -line.</p><p>Description. Wingspan 31 mm, length of forewing 14 mm. The main external features fit well with those of the decussa -group, the differential characteristics are given in the diagnosis. The holotype female is illustrated in Fig. 55.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 28, 29): Ovipositor medium-long, weak; gonapophyses slender, fine. Ostium bursae sclerotized, small, ventral plate triangular-calyculate, with fine, narrow medio-caudal incision. Ductus bursae heavily sclerotized, relatively short, proximal half considerably broader, with large, rounded lateral angle at middle of left side. Ventral surface of ductus bursae with fine, narrow longitudinal medial suture, junction of ventral plate to corpus bursae forming a rather flat arch. Apical part of bursa copulatrix semiglobular, small, wrinkled-ribbed; appendix bursae relatively long, elliptical, wrinkled. Corpus bursae medium-long, elliptical-ovoid; signa absent.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution. A poorly known species, its unique type was collected as a pupa at a high altitude place nearby the Liangar glacier.</p><p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to the late Yuri SHCHETKIN (senior), the famous explorer of the Lepidoptera of the Pamir and the Hissar Mts in Tadjikistan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FFA36623FDD362C39857FB88	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FFA0663CFDA863059F93FD9B.text	116D0279FFA0663CFDA863059F93FD9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Goniographa funkei (PUNGELER 1901) Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Goniographa funkei (PÜNGELER, 1901) comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 5, 6, 30, 31, 56, 57)</p><p>Agrotis funkei PÜNGELER, 1901, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 14: 181. Type locality: Zeravshan Mts.</p><p>Type material examined: A syntype male, illustrated in Fig. 56; the labels of the genitalia slide are as follows: “ Holotype [printed]/ Agrotis funkei / Pglr. / Sarawschan (2500m)/ 30.VI.1900 [hand - written] Boursin [printed]” (red label). This specimen is designated here as the lectotype of Agrotis funkei PÜNGELER (in coll. PÜNGELER, ZMHU Berlin) .</p><p>Additional material examined. Tadjikistan: 4 males, 1 female, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.333332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.05/lat 39.333332)">Seravshan Mts</a>, 45 km SEE Aini, 2000–2600 m, 68°03’E, 39°20’N, 17–18.VII.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV (coll. P. GYULAI, Z. VARGA) , 3 males, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=68.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.333332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 68.05/lat 39.333332)">Seravshan Mts</a>, Dasht, 2600 m, 68°03’E, 39°20’N, 18–19.VII.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV ; 1 male, 2 females, Seravshan Mts, Iskander-kul, 2200 m, 23–25.VII.1968, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, 1 female, Seravshan Mts, 2200 m, 22.VII.1968, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 3 males, 3 females, Hissar Mts, Iskanderful, 1900–2300 m, 19–21.VII.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV (coll. P. GYULAI) ; 1 female, Hissar Mts, Takob, 1900 m, VII.1981, leg. V.V. DUBATOLOV (coll. G. RONKAY) ; 1 male, 3 females, Hissar Mts, 25 km S Pendzhikent, 1800 m, 10.VII.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV; Hissar Mts, Kvak valley, 1800 m, 21.VII.1960, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 9 specimens, Hissar Mts, Takob, Varmonik, 1800 m, 20–21.VII.1961, 14–17.VII.1994, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 5 specimens, Hissar Mts, Kondara valley, 1800 m, 21.VIII.1955, 20.VIII.–1.IX.1994, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, Hissar Mts, Kabuty, 1950 m, 10.VII.1961, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, Hissar Mts, Acrobat valley, 1600 m, 1–10.X.1997, leg. V. GURKO (coll. L. LEH-</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>MANN) 1 female, Varzob valley, 2000 m, 1.VIII.1967 , leg. SHCHETKIN; 6 females, Varzob valley, Maihur, 2000 m, 12.VIII.–16.IX.1967 , leg. SHCHETKIN (coll. P. GYULAI); 2 females, Pamir Mts, Artuch valley, 2–10.VIII.1988 , coll. A.V. NEKRASOV (coll. HNHM Budapest and G. RONKAY); 3 females, Karategin range, Sangikar gorge, 1700 m, 28.VIII.1969 , leg. SHCHETKIN; 1 male, from the same site, 1–4.IX.1994, leg. SHCHETKIN; 3 females, Peter 1st Mts, Daran-Nazarak valley, Ganishou, 1700 m, 5–13.VIII.1972 , leg. SHCHETKIN; 1 male, from the same locality, 8–27.VIII.1974, 21–22.</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>VIII.1994, leg. SHCHETKIN; 1 male, 5 females, Peter 1st Mts, Daran-Nazarak valley, Ganishou, 2100</p><p>m, 8.VIII.1974, 17–18.VIII.1994, leg. SHCHETKIN; 2 females, Turkestan Mts, Shahristan pass, Kushikat, 3100 m , 26–28.VII.1994; 2000 m, 5–8.VI.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV (coll. P. GYULAI and J. STUMPF) .</p><p>Slide Nos GYP 1564m, RL 7549m, RL 7551m, RL 7576m, RL 7577m, RL 7582m, 7043 VZ, 7151 VZ, 7152 VZ, 7154 VZ (males), RL 7480f, RL 7553f, RL 7554f, RL 7556f, RL 7557f, RL 7558f, RL 7579f, RL 7580f, RL 7585f, RL 7586f, RL 7589f, RL 7590f (females).</p><p>Diagnosis. The forewing pattern of G. funkei is the most distinct within the funkei- group, even in case of the darkened specimens (see Figs 56–61), the forewing of G. funkei is somewhat broader than that of G. metafunkei . No further key features can be found for the three closely related species of the group, the satisfactory identification requires the study of the genitalia.</p><p>The male genitalia of G. funkei differ from those of G. metafunkei by the shape of the pollex bending characteristically down (proximo-ventrally)(see Figs 5–8), the narrower distal part of the valva with longer “pseudopollex” and the much shorter cornutus of the vesica sitting usually on a somewhat broader bulb. The differences between G. funkei and G. naumanni are much more prominent as G. funkei has much shorter harpe, downwardly bent pollex (it is curved upwards in G. naumanni)and smooth carina (which is armed with large, heavily sclerotised teeth in G. naumanni).</p><p>The female genitalia of G. funkei differ from its sibling species, G. metafunkei, by their shorter ostium bursae, significantly shorter but somewhat broader ductus bursae having only weak lateral fold and short, less sclerotized proximo-lateral rib(s)and shorter, apically more rounded appendix bursae (see Figs 30–33). The female genitalia of the third species of the G. funkei group, G. naumanni, is conspicuously different from those of the two closely allied taxa by their heavily sclerotized, much broader and entirely flattened, rather cask-shaped ductus bursae, fused firmly with the relatively short but broad, trapezoidal ostium bursae (Figs 34, 35).</p><p>Description. Wingspan 32–36 mm, length of forewing 15–17 mm. The main external features are fairly characterised by PÜNGELER in the original description, the slight differential characteristics are given in the diagnosis.The lectotype (male)and a typical female are illustrated in Figs 56 and 57.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 5, 6): The typical features of the species group are given in the diagnosis of the genus. Distal part of valva narrow, with more or less parallel margins; valval apex fine, acute, “pseudopollex” long, straight. Harpe rather short; pollex long, thin, bent downwards. Aedeagus long and thin, slightly arcuate; carina smooth. Vesica relatively small, short, recurved, with a short but broadly bulbed cornutus.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 30, 31): Ostium bursae sclerotized, ventral plate triangular, caudal margin slightly convex, arcuate, with rather deep medial incision. Ductus bursae medium-long, broadly tubular, flattened, granulously sclerotized, finely tapering towards ostium bursae. Proximal half of ductus bursae slightly curved laterad, often with lateral rib or a weak, short fold at anterior end; junction to corpus bursae with short, ribbed lamina at inner curve. Apical part of bursa copulatrix wrin-</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>kled-ribbed, partly gelatinous and scobinate-verrucose. Appendix bursae relatively short, subconical-semiglobular; corpus bursae discoidal-globular, weakly membranous; signa absent.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution. Goniographa funkei has the largest distribution in this species group. The type locality is the Zeravshan range, the area of the species covers the western Tien-Shan Mts (Turkestan Mts, Karategin range, Peter I. Mts, etc.), the Hissar Mts and also the western parts of the Pamir massif, where it occurs sympatrically with G. naumanni .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FFA0663CFDA863059F93FD9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FFBF663EFDCA65F69F98FCB5.text	116D0279FFBF663EFDCA65F69F98FCB5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Goniographa metafunkei Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Goniographa metafunkei sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 7, 8, 32, 33, 58, 59)</p><p>Holotype: female, Kirghisia, Susamyr Mts, valley of Chickhan river, 1800 m, 29–30.VII.1994, leg. TOROPOV &amp; SINIAEV; slide No. RL7528 f (coll. P. GYULAI, in HNHM Budapest).</p><p>Paratypes. Kirghisia: 4 males, 2 females, Susamyr Mts, valley of Chickhan river, 1800 m, 29–30.VII.1994, leg. TOROPOV &amp; SINIAEV ; 2 males, 1 female, Alai Mts, Tengizbai, 27.VII.1994, leg. TOROPOV &amp; SINIAEV ; 2 males, 1 female, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.583336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.583336/lat 42.3)">Talassky Alatau Mts</a>, Kara-Bura pass, 1800 m, 42°18’N, 71°35’E, 29.VII.1993, leg. V. &amp; A. LUKHTANOV (coll. P. GYULAI and G. RONKAY) ; 2 males, 1 female, Kirghiz Mts, Kara Baitta valley, Sosnovka, 1600 m, 6.VIII.1999, leg. PLYUSHCH (coll. A. BECHER, L. LEHMANN &amp; J. STUMPF) .</p><p>Slide Nos GYP 687m, RL 7548m, RL 7578m, RL 7587m (males), RL7581f, RL7588f (females).</p><p>Diagnosis. Goniographa metafunkei differs from the two closely allied species by its slightly (but in larger material clearly recognisable)smaller size and narrower forewing and the rather strong and blurred dark irroration. The male genitalia of G. metafunkei differ from those of G. funkei by their broader distal part of the valva, the straight, oblique, thorn-like pollex and the significantly larger cornutus of the vesica; from G. naumanni by its shorter harpe, broader distal part of the valva, the straight, distally not upcurved pollex and the smooth carina.</p><p>The female genitalia of G. metafunkei can be characterized by its long, narrowly tubular ductus bursae with relatively strong, long proximo-lateral fold and the presence of a long, curved, sclerotized ribbon connecting the anterior end of ductus bursae with the inner curve of appendix bursae. The ductus bursae of the new species is the longest within the G. funkei group, the ostium bursae is longer, more infundibular, medio-caudally less incised than in G. funkei and the appendix bursae is longer, more conical, apically less rounded (see Figs 30–33).</p><p>Description. Wingspan 30–35 mm, length of forewing 13–15 mm. The main external features fit well with those of the funkei -group, the differential characteristics are given in the diagnosis. The holotype (female)and a typical male are illustrated in Figs 58 and 59.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 7, 8). The specific features of G. metafunkei are as follows: Distal part of valva rather broad, apical process and “pseudopollex” relatively broad, triangular. Harpe rather short;</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>pollex long, straight, oblique. Aedeagus long and thin, slightly arcuate; carina smooth. Vesica relatively small, short, recurved, with long, strong, bulbed cornutus.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 32, 33): Ovipositor short, weak; posterior gonapophyses medium-long, slender, fine, anterior apophyses short. Ostium bursae sclerotized, its ventral plate elongate, triangular-infundibuliform, caudal margin slightly convex, arcuate, with shallow medial incision. Ductus bursae long, tubular, flattened, granulously sclerotized, finely tapering towards ostium bursae. Proximal half of ductus bursae with long, strong lateral fold along left margin; junction to corpus bursae with long, cristate-ribbed lamina at inner curve. Apical part of bursa copulatrix wrinkled-ribbed, partly gelatinous and scobinate-verrucose. Appendix bursae medium-long, elliptical-subconical, finely wrinkled; corpus bursae discoidal-globular, weakly membranous, signa absent.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution. The new species has a very strictly limited distribution in the western part of the Tien-Shan massif and the Alai Mts.</p><p>Etymology. The new species follows G. funkei in the system.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FFBF663EFDCA65F69F98FCB5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FFBD6635FDD264189F8EFC21.text	116D0279FFBD6635FDD264189F8EFC21.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Goniographa naumanni Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Goniographa naumanni sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 9–11, 34, 35, 60, 61)</p><p>Holotype: male, “ Afghanistan, Badakhshan, Darrah-e-Kuf, 2480 m, 16.07.1972., leg. BRADE &amp; NAUMANN ”; slide No. VZ4634 (coll. Z. VARGA).</p><p>Paratypes. Afghanistan: 1 male, 1 female, Prov. Kadaghan, Salang-Pass N-Seite, 2400 m, 11–12. VII.1971. leg. VARTIAN ; 1 male, Khurd-Kabul, 5.VII.1963. leg. KASY &amp; VARTIAN , 1 male, Dasht-i- Nawar, Hokak, 2850 m, 7–9.IX.1963. leg. VARTIAN (coll. Z. VARGA) ; 1 male, Badakhshan, Darwaz, Shewa plateau, Darrah-e-Gulistan, 2800 m, 21.VIII.1973 , 1 male, Badakhshan, Darwaz, Shewa valley, Basindj, 1900–2000 m, 27.VIII.1973., leg. Naumann &amp; Nauruz. (coll. NAUMANN) . Tadjikistan: 1 male, Pamir Mts, Shugnan, VII.1935, leg. WEIDINGER (coll. G. RONKAY) ; 9 males, 12 females, Pamir Mts, Chorog, July–August 1963 –65, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, from the same locality, 11.VIII.1992, leg. SHCHETKIN; 1 female, from the same site, 29–31.VII.1999, leg. SHCHETKIN; 1 female, Pamir Mts, Shod, 2300 m, 20.X.1987, leg. NEKRASOV (coll. P. GYULAI and J. STUMPF) .</p><p>Slide Nos RL 7552m, RL 7555m, VZ3634; VZ3635, VZ3685, VZ4640, VZ7032, VZ7153 (males), RL7583f, RL7584f (females).</p><p>Diagnosis: The new species is almost equal in size with G. funkei, although the forewings are slightly narrower triangular with less pointed apex. Forewing colouration and pattern of the two species are highly similar, ground colour of G. naumanni is somewhat more ochreous grey, the postmedian line is less evenly curved and crenulate, the claviform stigma is slightly shorter and more obsolescent and the hindwing is a bit more suffused marginally. The satisfactory separation of the two species requires the study of the genitalia. This process is much easier in the females, as no dissection is needed to recognise the differences of the ostial plate.</p><p>The male genitalia of G. naumanni differ conspicuously from those of the two twin species by its considerably longer harpe, distally upcurved (“oxbow”-</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>shaped)pollex, the much stronger sclerotised carina bearing 2–3 large, acute teeth and the presence of a huge subbasal diverticulum of the not fully recurved vesica.</p><p>Comparing the female genitalia of G. naumanni with those of its two sister species, G. naumanni has conspicuously broader but shorter, trapezoidal, not triangular-infundibular ostium bursae and much stronger, heavily sclerotized, very broad, not tubulat but more or less cask-shaped ductus bursae.</p><p>Description. Wingspan 32–37 mm, length of forewing 14–17 mm. The main external features fit well with those of G. funkei, with only a bit more diffuse dark forewing markings. The holotype (male)and a typical female are illustrated in Figs 60 and 61.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 9–11). The specific features of the male genitalia are the long, slender harpe, the long, distally arched (“oxbow”-shaped)pollex, the nearly straight aedeagus with two or three large, pyramidal teeth on the ventral edge of the carina, the dorsally upturned but not fully recurved vesica with elliptical subbasal diverticulum and with short and strong submedial bulbed cornutus.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 34, 35): Ovipositor short, weak; posterior gonapophyses medium-long, slender, fine, anterior apophyses short. Ostium bursae relatively short but broad, trapezoidal, with strongly convex, medially slightly incised caudal margin. Sclerotizations of ostium bursae and ductus bursae almost completely fused with each others. Ductus bursae heavily sclerotized, medium-long, broad, rather cask-shaped, with strongly tapering proximal third. Apical part of bursa copulatrix finely scobinate, partly wrinkled-ribbed, partly gelatinous. Appendix bursae subconical, finely wrinkled and verrucose; corpus bursae elliptical-ovoid, signa absent.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution. The new species seems to be confined to the Hissar Mts, the western Pamir Mts (Shugnan range, Chorog)and the north-eastern territories of Afghanistan (Prov. Badakhshan, Kadaghan and Darwaz Mts). In the north-west, there is a narrow overlap between the</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>areas of G. funkei and G. naumanni; the south-eastern boundary of the distribution of the new species is the Paghman Mts near Kabul (Khurd-Kabul).</p><p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to one of its collectors, the prominent entomologist,</p><p>Prof.Dr. Clas M. NAUMANN, who has made several important entomological discoveries in Afghanistan.</p><p>Goniographa marcida (CHRISTOPH, 1893) comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 12, 36, 37, 62, 63)</p><p>Agrotis marcida CHRISTOPH, 1893, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 6: 90. Type locality: Askhabad (Turkmenistan: Ashgabat).</p><p>Type material examined: 1 male, 1 female syntypes, Turkmenistan, Askhabad (ZIN St. Petersburg) .</p><p>Additional material examined: Turkmenistan: 2 males, 2 females, Kopet-Dagh Mts, Firyuza, 400–600 m, 25.IX.1991, No. L 27, leg. A. PODLUSSÁNY, L. RONKAY &amp; Z. VARGA ; 4 males, 12 females, Kopet-Dagh Mts, Karayalchi, 1600 m, 5.X.1991, No. L 36, leg. A. PODLUSSÁNY, L. RONKAY &amp; Z. VARGA (coll. HNHM Budapest, B. HERCZIG, P. GYULAI, G. RONKAY and Z. VARGA) . Iran: 1 male, 1 female, Prov. Khorassan, Kopet-Dagh Mts, 2300 m, 10 km N Jevenly, 27.VIII.2000, leg. A. GARAI &amp; P. GYULAI ; 5 males, 5 females, Prov. Khorassan, Kopet-Dagh Mts, Jozak NP, 2 km W Jozak, 1350 m, 28.VIII.2000, leg. A. GARAI &amp; P. GYULAI (coll. P. GYULAI) .</p><p>Slide Nos RL 7476m, 7030 VZ (males), RL 7477f, RL 7569f, RL 7574f (females).</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Diagnosis: Goniographa marcida differs from its sister species, G. gyulaipeteri by its generally more unicolorous brownish forewings with less intense paler irroration in the median area and by the rather concolorous brown hindwings of both sexes (the inner area of the hindwing is much paler, often prominently whitish in G. gyulaipeteri).</p><p>Comparing the male genitalia of G. marcida and G. gyulaipeteri, the distal part of valva of G. marcida has longer processus, with more arcuate pollex originating rather far from “pseudopollex”, these processi are shorter in G. gyulaipeteri and the “pseudopollex” is situated almost at the “halfway between valval apex and pollex. The harpe of G. marcida is somewhat longer, S-shaped, the juxta is narrower than in its sister species. The configuration of the vesica also shows easily recognisable differences as the vesica of G. marcida is upturned dorsally but not recurved as in G. gyulaipeteri (see Figs 12–14), and the cornutus is longer, narrower with smaller basal bulb.</p><p>The female genitalia of the two closely related species, G. marcida and G. gyulaipeteri, differ conspicuously by their appendix bursae (Figs 36–40)which is membranous-scobinate in G. marcida while G. gyulaipeteri has a large, strongly sclerotized dorso-medial fold. The ostium bursae of G. marcida is broader, shorter, without caudal incision, the proximal part of the ductus bursae is finely curved laterad, having short but strong medio-lateral crest and rounded, verrucose ventral plate while the ductus bursae of G. gyulaipeteri is straight, having more or less parallel margins, without proximo-lateral crest and verrucose plate.</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Description. Wingspan 27–35 mm, length of forewing 12–16 mm. The characterisation of the external features is rather laconic in the original (Latin)description and the measures are somewhat larger (“length of forewing 14–17 mm). The colour pictures of a typical male (from Iran, Khorassan) and a typical female (from the Kopet-Dagh, Turkmenistan)are given in Figs 62 and 63.</p><p>Male genitalia (Fig. 12): Uncus strong, pointed; valva straight, elongate with nearly parallel margins; harpe arcuate and pointed; pollex spine-shaped, slightly curved; juxta shield-shaped, narrower apically; aedeagus strong, dentate ribbon with fine teeth, recurved terminally, vesica broad, saccate, only moderately recurved, with a short, acute bulbed cornutus in submedial position.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 36, 37): Ovipositor rather short, weak; gonapophyses slender, fine. Ostium bursae sclerotized, its ventral plate broadly triangular-calyculate, caudal margin convex, evenly arcuate, without incision. Ductus bursae, long, broad, flattened, strongly, granulously sclerotized, anterior end with short but strong medio-lateral crest and a large, rounded, verrucose proximo-lateral plate. Ventral surface of ductus bursae with narrow longitudinal medial suture. Apical part of bursa copulatrix membranous, wrinkled-ribbed; appendix bursae large, subconical, with membranous apex and wrinkled-ribbed, scobinate basal two-thirds. Corpus bursae small, elliptical-ovoid, weakly membranous; signa absent.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution. Goniographa marcida seems to be confined to the Kopet-Dagh mountain system, both in Turkmenistan and Iran (Khorassan region).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FFBD6635FDD264189F8EFC21	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FFB6660DFDCE64AC9E6EFDCE.text	116D0279FFB6660DFDCE64AC9E6EFDCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Goniographa gyulaipeteri Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Goniographa gyulaipeteri sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 13, 14, 38–40, 64, 65)</p><p>Holotype: female, Tadjikistan, cca 25 km from Kirovabad, at the road to Parkhar, 800 m, 12.X.1960, leg. Y.L. SHCHETKIN, slide No. RL7568 f (coll. P. GYULAI, in coll. HNHM Budapest).</p><p>Paratypes. Tadjikistan: 3 males, 8 females, Hissar Mts, Kondara valley, 1900 m, 24.IX.1979, coll. A. V. NEKRASOV (coll. HNHM Budapest, B. HERCZIG and G. RONKAY) ; 2 males, 8 females, from the same valley, August–September 1954 –56, leg. SHCHETKIN; 1 female, Hissar Mts, Kondara valley, 1800 m, 20.VIII.–1.IX.1994, leg. Y. SHCHETKIN ; 8 specimens, Hissar Mts, Kondara valley, 1100 m, 2–9.IX.1994, leg. Y. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, from the same valley, 1100 m, 20.IX.1979, leg. PLYUSHCH; 9 specimens, Hissar Mts, Gushary, 1300 m, 22–31.VIII.1965, 17–25.IX.1985, 18.VIII. 1992, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, Hissar Mts, Ramit, 18.IX.1950, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, Hissar Mts, Kvak valley, 1800 m, 9.IX.1954, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, 2 females, cca 25 km from Kirovabad, 800 m, 30.VIII.1958, 12–13.X.1960, leg. Y.L. SHCHETKIN ; 3 males, 5 females, Obichingou river, n. Tawildara, 1850 m, 2–4.IX.1970, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, Peter 1st Mts, Darai-Nazarak valley, 1700 m, 26.VII.–3.VIII.1992, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, Peter 1st Mts, 2180 m, 16.VIII.1977, leg. SHCHETKIN (coll. A. BECHER, P. GYULAI &amp; J. STUMPF) ; 2 females, vic. Dushanbe, 750 m, 3.IX.1970, leg. SHCHETKIN; Pamir Mts, Shugnan Mt., Sangan-dara, 3650 m, 23.VII.2000, leg. Y. SHCHETKIN (coll. G. RONKAY) . Uzbekistan: Kara-tyube, S of Samarkand, 10–18.VIII.1896, leg. VERIGIN (coll. Z. VARGA) ; 2 females, Alai Mts, Dugobo, 2600 m, 16.VIII.1985, leg. DANILEVSKY (coll. HNHM Budapest) ; 1 male, 2 females, W Tien Shan Mts, Chatkal, 1600 m, 30.VIII.–1.IX.1997 ; 4 females, Seravshan Mts, Kitab, 1400–1600 m, 10–20.X.1997 (coll. A. BECHER &amp; J. STUMPF) . Afghanistan: Badakhshan, Darwaz, Shewa valley, Basindj, 1900–2000 m, 27.VIII.1973, Nr. 1421, leg. C. NAUMANN (coll. NAUMANN) .</p><p>Slide Nos RL 7479m, RL 7572m, 3686VZ, 4643VZ, 7155VZ (males), RL7478f, RL7501f, RL7502f, RL7567f, RL7571f, RL7573f (females).</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Diagnosis. The detailed comparison of the two species are given in the diagnosis of G. marcida . A short summary of the specific features of G. gyulaipeteri are as follows: the median area of the forewing has stronger pale ochreous(-brownish)irroration, the filling of the stigmata is also paler; the inner area of the hind - wing is whitish in both sexes, in certain male specimens the whole wing is whitish with weak darker marginal suffusion only (these specimens resemble also G. decussa and G. discussa, but their crosslines are less prominent, the wing is less variegated, and the genitalia of the two species-groups show easily recognisable differences).</p><p>The male genitalia of G. gyulaipeteri are characterised by the rather uniform tripartite distal part of valva with relatively short processi, the shorter, more arcuate harpe, the subdeltoidal, rather broad juxta, the fully recurved vesica with short cornutus sitting on a broad, semiglobular basal bulb (see Figs 13, 14).</p><p>The female genitalia of G. gyulaipeteri differs from its twin species by its longer, narrower ostium bursae, having shallow medio-caudal incision, longer ductus bursae without anterior crest and ventral verrucose plate and by the presence of a large, strongly sclerotized dorso-medial fold on the appendix bursae which is completely missing in G. marcida .</p><p>Description. Wingspan 27–35 mm, length of forewing 12–15 mm. The main external features of the species and the diagnostic external characteristics are given in the diagnoses of G. marcida and G. gyulaipeteri . The holotype (female)and a typical male are illustrated in Figs 64 and 65.</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 13, 14): Uncus strong, pointed; valva straight, elongate with nearly parallel margins; harpe straight and acute apically; pollex spine-shaped, shorter; juxta shield-shaped, broader; aedeagus strong, longer; dentate ribbon with fine teeth, nearly evenly arcuate, vesica broad, less saccate, fully recurved with a tiny, acute bulbed cornutus in submedial position.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 38–40): Ostium bursae with triangular, rather broad and long ventral plate with slight medial incision on caudal margin. Ductus bursae long, broad, flattened, sclerotized, ventral plate with fine, narrow, longitudinal suture at middle. Apical part of bursa copulatrix membranous, wrinkled-ribbed; appendix bursae large, apex membranous, dorsal side with large, sclerotized, more or less rounded fold. Corpus bursae elliptical-ovoid, membranous; signa absent.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution. The new species is widely distributed in the western Tien-Shan Mts, in the Hissar and Alai Mts, in the western Pamirs (Shugnan range)and also in NE. Afghanistan (Badakhshan).</p><p>Etymology. The new species is dedicated to our friend and excellent lepidopterist, Dr. PÉTER</p><p>GYULAI, who has discovered several interesting new taxa of Noctuidae in Asia.</p><p>THE GENERIC PLACEMENT OF “ EUGRAPHE” ORNATA AND ITS SISTER SPECIES</p><p>The curious Noctuinae species “ Eugraphe ” ornata was originally described as “ Hydrilla ” ornata STAUDINGER, 1892 (type locality: Margelan – probably the Alai Mts). HAMPSON (1903) described the same species as Lycophotia macrina</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>from the coll. PÜNGELER (type locality: Alexander Mts). WARREN (in SEITZ, 1910)synonymised L. macrina with H. ornata and placed it to the genus Rhyacia . He also provided the records of two pairs of specimens which were collected in versuta (PÜNGELER), slide no. RL7503: genital capsula, 23 = aedeagus with vesica everted</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>holotype, slide No. RL7547: 28 = female genitalia; 29 = posterior part in larger magnification</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>paratype, slide No. RL7584: 34 = female genitalia, 35 = posterior part in larger magnification</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>fication, 42 = X. (s. l.) hypographa sp. n., paratype, slide No. RL7542, female genitalia</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Prov. Kuliab (Afghanistan), in these specimens the marginal field is not ochreous as in the type specimen but more greyish.</p><p>The study of the external and genital characters of this rather peculiar species (and its allopatric sibling)and the comparison of them with those of the taxa of Eugraphe inevitably showed their distinctness. Owing to the genitalia features of both sexes of X. ornata and X. hypographa sp. n. they should be placed into the genus Xestia (s. l.).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FFB6660DFDCE64AC9E6EFDCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FF8E660CFDA165C0988AFAAE.text	116D0279FF8E660CFDA165C0988AFAAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xestia ornata (Varga & Ronkay 1892) Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Xestia (s. l.) ornata (STAUDINGER, 1892) comb. n.</p><p>(Figs 15, 17, 41, 66, 67)</p><p>Hydrilla ornata STAUDINGER, 1892, Dt. ent. Z. Iris 4: 296. Type locality: Margelan (? Alai Mts).</p><p>Type material examined: A syntype male from Margelan, a colour picture of which is illustrated in Fig. 66. This specimen is designated here as the lectotype of Hydrilla ornata STAUDINGER (coll. STAUDINGER, ZMHU Berlin) .</p><p>Material examined. Kirghisia: 2 males, 5 females, Alai Mts, Tengizbai, 7.VII.1994, leg. TOROPOV &amp; SINIAEV (coll. P. GYULAI, L. LEHMANN, Z. VARGA) ; 1 male, Ala-Archa valley, 20.VII.1986, leg. M. KOPP ; 1 female, Alai Mts, Dugobo, 1800–2000 m, 25–26.VII.1992, leg. M. KOPP ; 1 female, Alai Mts, Dugobo, 2300 m, 15.VII.1995, leg. MURZIN (coll. P. GYULAI) . Tadjikistan: 1 male, 2 females, Pamir Mts, Artuch valley, 2–10.VIII.1988, coll. A.V. NEKRASOV (coll. HNHM Budapest and G. RONKAY) ; 1 male, Vantch, Gushon, 25.07.1988, leg. JÜRIVETE (coll. ZMUH) ; 4 males, 7 females, Varzob valley, Maihur, 2000 m, 12.VIII.1967, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, 1 female, from the same locality, 6.VII.1967, leg. SHCHETKIN; 3 males, 5 females, Varzob valley, VIII.1967, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 2 females, Karategin range, Sangikar gorge, 1700 m, 28.VIII.1969, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, Peter 1st Mts, Muk, 2100 m, 27.VIII.1975, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 5 males, 8 females, Peter 1st Mts, Ganishou, 2070 m, 14–18.VIII.1974, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, 1 female, Hissar Mts, Kvak valley, 1800 m, 28.VII.1960, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 3 males, 2 females, Hissar Mts, Gushary, 1400 m, 19.IX.1965, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 4 females, Hissar Mts, Kondara valley, 1800 m, 20.VIII.–1.IX.1994, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 male, Hissar Mts, Iskanderful, 1900–2300 m, 19–21.VII.1994, leg. LUKHTANOV ; 2 females, Obichingou river, n. Tawildara, 1850 m, 2.IX.1970, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, Seravshan Mts, Iskander-kul, 2200 m, 23–25.VII.1968, leg. SHCHETKIN ; 1 female, Seravshan Mts, 17.VII.1988 (coll. A. BECHER, P. GYULAI &amp; J. STUMPF) . Afghanistan: 1 male, Badakhshan, Darwaz, Shewa valley, Basindj, 1900–2000 m, 27.VIII.1973., leg. Naumann &amp; Nauruz (coll. VARGA) , 2 females, prov. Kadaghan, Salang-pass N-side, 69 ow, 35 o 40’l, 2400 m, 11–12.VII.1972. leg. Vartian (coll. VARTIAN, NHMW) .</p><p>Slide Nos RL 2492m, RL 7483m, RL 7550m, VZ 7047, VZ 7065 (males), RL 7482f, RL 7543f (females).</p><p>Diagnosis: Moths of smaller size with conspicuously slender body, showing some external similarity to the species of the Caradrina genus-group (see the taxonomic misplacement of the species by STAUDINGER). It is quite dissimilar to all related Noctuinae spp., but rather similar to the newly described species, X. hypographa sp. n. The most important differential characters are the very large, sharply defined orbicular and reniform stigmata with light ochreous filling, the sharply</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>marked, light ochreous ante- and postmedian lines, the light ochreous cilia and also several characters in the genitalia of both sexes, see below in the diagnosis of X. hypographa .</p><p>Description. Wingspan 28–36 mm, length of forewing 13–16 mm. Head and conspicuously long, slender abdomen light ochreous grey, thorax slighly darker and more greyish. Antenna filiform, with short and dense ciliation (male)or thin, filiform without ciliation (female). Forewing narrow tri - angular, acute apically. Ground colour ochreous grey, often with some greenish colouration; sharply marked, reniform stigma large, broad with light ochreous filling and sharply defined with black scales; orbicular spot broad, elliptical, light ochreous, sharply defined with black scales. Ante- and postmedial lines double, crenulate with ochreous filling; the outer side of antemedial and the inner side of postmedial is sharply defined with black scales. Subterminal line fine, broken, often with 2–3 arrowheads at the inner side. Hindwing light ochreous grey, shiny. Cilia light ochreous. Sexes similar, females slightly darker, with somewhat more elongate forewings.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 15, 17a): Uncus obtuse but less spatulate than in case of the new species; cucullus and corona fully reduced. Valva pointed apically, pollex short or moderately elongate, harpe tiny, shorter but broader than in the new species, finely rounded apically. Sacculus simple, clavus reduced, juxta broad, rounded trapezoidal, weakly sclerotised. Aedeagus simple with dentate ribbon on the carina, dentate ribbon of aedeagus more sclerotised, more and unevenly dentate than in the new species; vesica saccate without cornuti and sclerotised elements.</p><p>Female genitalia (Fig. 41): Ostium bursae sclerotized, quadrangular, broad and short, caudal margin with two small, ear-like postero-lateral appendages. Ductus bursae medium-long, broad, flattened, granulously sclerotized, ventral surface with stronger medial plate. Sclerotization of anterior part asymmetrical, considerably longer on left side. Appendix bursae large, subconical, weakly membranous, finely wrinkled, projected proximo-laterad. Corpus bursae elliptical, membranous, with four short, weak signum-stripes at fundus bursae.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution:The species is distributed from the northern Tien-Shan Mts. through the Pamirs and Hissar-Darwaz system to eastern Afghanistan (Nuristan).</p><p>Etymology: The name refers to the conspicuously rich and colourful markings of the species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FF8E660CFDA165C0988AFAAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
116D0279FF8F660AFDD162239F36FDB8.text	116D0279FF8F660AFDD162239F36FDB8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xestia hypographa Varga & Ronkay 2002	<div><p>Xestia (s. l.) hypographa sp. n.</p><p>(Figs 16, 17, 42, 43, 68, 69)</p><p>Holotype: male, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=71.583336&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=42.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 71.583336/lat 42.3)">Talassky Alatau Mts</a>, Kara-Bura pass, 1800 m, 42 18’N, 71 35’E, 29.VII. 1993, leg. V. &amp; A. LUKHTANOV; slide No. RL 7565m (coll. P. GYULAI).</p><p>Paratypes. Kirghisia: 4 females, Susamyr Mts, valley of Chickhan river, 1800 m, 29–30.VII. 1994, leg. TOROPOV &amp; SINIAEV; 1 female, Kirghiz Mts, Kara Baitta valley, Sosnovka, 3–4.VIII.1999, leg. PLYUSHCH (coll. P. GYULAI and G. RONKAY) . Uzbekistan: 1 male, W. Tien-Shan, Chimgan Mts, 1300 m, 23.09.1991. leg. JÜRIVETE (coll. ZMUH) .</p><p>Slide Nos VZ7045 (male), RL7529f, RL7530f, RL7542f (females).</p><p>Diagnosis: Forewing is somewhat broader, apex less elongate, than in X. ornata; ground colour is more greyish-greenish, the ochreous colouration is sup-</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>larger magnification</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>“ Eugraphe” versuta (PÜNGELER): 72 = male, 73 = female (both from Mongolia)</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>pressed by the densely dispersed darker scales; the wing pattern is less sharply marked, reniform and orbicular stigmata are narrower, more greyish.</p><p>The male genitalia of the two sister species differ in the following features (see Figs 15–17): the uncus of the new species is more spatulate and obtuse than that of X. ornata, the pollex is longer, almost straight and more pointed; the harpe is significantly thinner, longer, apically acute; the dentate ribbon of the carina is thinner, evenly serrulate, the vesica is more saccate, especially in the basal half.</p><p>The ground plan of the female copulatory organ is the same in the two sibling species (Figs 41–43), but the ostium bursae of the new species is significantly longer, narrower and the appendix bursae is projected laterally while that of X. (s. l.) ornata is situated closer to fundus bursae and projected proximo-laterally.</p><p>Description: Relatively small moths with slender body, wingspan 32–34 mm, length of forewing 14–15 mm. Sexes similar, females somewhat larger, more broad-winged. Head and abdomen light ochreous grey, slightly darker than in ther former species, thorax slightly darker ochreous grey. Antenna filiform, in male ciliate. Forewing triangular with rounded apex and outer margin; ground colour darker greenish-ochreous grey. Orbicular and reniform stigmata regular, lighter than the ground colour, not sharply defined. Claviform spot obsolescent. Ante- and postmedial lines double, not sharply defined. Subterminal line obsolescent. Hindwing ochreous grey. Cilia ochreous grey.</p><p>Male genitalia (Figs 16, 17b): Uncus spatulate, obtuse apically. Cucullus and corona reduced. Valva pointed apically, pollex pointed, straight, longer than in X. ornata; harpe tiny, acute apically, clavus reduced, juxta broad, weakly sclerotised. Aedeagus simple, carina with thin, evenly serrulatedentate ribbon; vesica saccate without cornuti or other sclerotised elements.</p><p>Female genitalia (Figs 42, 43): Ovipositor short, weak; gonapophyses slender, fine. Ostium bursae sclerotized, quadrangular, relatively long and narrow, caudal margin evenly convex, with two small, ear-like postero-lateral appendages. Ductus bursae medium-long, flattened, broadly tubular, both surfaces granulously sclerotized, ventral plate with stronger medial plate. Sclerotization of anterior part asymmetrical, considerably longer on left side. Apical part of corpus bursae membranous, finely wrinkled-ribbed; appendix bursae large, subconical, weakly membranous, finely wrinkled, projected laterad. Corpus bursae elliptical-saccate, membranous, with four short, narrow signum-stripes close to fundus.</p><p>Bionomics and distribution: The new species is known only from the north-western part of the</p><p>Tien-Shan Mts.</p><p>Etymology: The name refers to the main external differential feature of the species: the less distinct forewing markings.</p><p>*</p><p>Acknowledgements – The authors would like to express their gratitude to Mrs E. VARTIAN (Vienna)and the following gentlemen for supporting our work, A. B ECHER (Freudenberg, Germany), B. BENEDEK (Törökbálint, Hungary), P. GYULAI (Miskolc, Hungary), H. HACKER (Staffelstein, Germany), A. HAUSMANN (ZSM, Munich), M. R. HONEY (BMNH, London), A. KUN (HNHM Buda-</p><p>Acta zool. hung. 48, 2002</p><p>pest), L. LEHMANN (Eisenhüttenstadt, Germany), W. MEY (ZMHU Berlin), K. MIKKOLA (ZMUH</p><p>Helsinki), Prof. Dr C. NAUMANN (ZFMK, Bonn), A. V. NEKRASOV (Moscow), G. RONKAY (Budapest)and J. S TUMPF (Germany).</p><p>The research was supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA, grant No. 32247). A part of the surveys was carried out during the fellowship of the senior author in the Collegium Budapest, Institute of Advanced Study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/116D0279FF8F660AFDD162239F36FDB8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Varga, Z.;Ronkay, L.	Varga, Z., Ronkay, L. (2002): A Revision Of The Palaearctic Species Of The Eugraphe Hübner, [1821] 1816 Generic Complex. Part I. The Genera Eugraphe And Goniographa (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 48 (4): 333-374, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12587286
