identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
175C87D3FFC1F43CFF3C7DEDFCDFFC58.text	175C87D3FFC1F43CFF3C7DEDFCDFFC58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia divisora Dolibaina and Leite 2012	<div><p>Symmachia divisora Dolibaina and Leite, sp. nov.</p> <p>(Fig. 3-6, 41)</p> <p>Description. Male: HEAD: Frontoclypeus predominantly black, with sparse orange scales laterally that converge ventrally toward center. Eyes glabrous and brown. White coloration between lower margin of eyes and subgena. Antenna reaching height of semi-translucent spot located in R 3 -R 4+ 5 in the forewing, base black with sparse orange scales,</p> <p>dorsally black antennomeres with white base ventrally, last flagellomere with orange coloration.</p> <p>Palp approximately half length of frontoclypeus,</p> <p>ventrally gray and dorsally with yellowish-brown coloration. THORAX: Patagia with black and orange scales. Thorax predominantly black includ- Figures 3-4. Holotype male of Symmachia divisora sp. ing tegula and region of scuto-scutellar suture II nov. 3) Dorsal view. 4) Ventral view. Scale line: 1 cm.</p> <p>with orange scales. Legs black, ventral base of femur with light yellow coloration and meso- and metathoracic tarsus yellowish-brown. ABDOMEN: Black from dorsal portion of tergum I to dorsoposterior margin of tergum III, forming a subtriangular spot; orange on dorsal and lateral remainder of abdomen. Sternum light yellow with black intersegmental and medium-longitudinal portions. WINGS: Forewing: Length 13.5mm (HT), 12.9mm (PT). Costa strongly convex in basal third. Dorsal surface: Metallic blue from base to first quarter of discal cell and from this point on with dark green coloration and metallic reflection. Costal and outer margins with a narrow black band, except for a small white extension in initial portion of costal curvature. Anterior margin of base of vein 2A with white coloration. Semi-translucent subtriangular yellow spot located from costal margin to M 3, bordering end of discal cell. Three small spots distal to discal spot, forming a discontinuous convex line approximately parallel to it, first in R 2 -R 3 oval shaped, second rectangular at origin of R 4+5 and M 1 and last slender in M 2 -M 3. Small semi-translucent white spot parallel to costal margin in R 3 -R 4+5 and another spot, with same color and size of last one, parallel to outer margin in M 2 - M 3. Ventral surface: metallic blue between costal margin and Sc from wing bases to discal spot. Dark green along costal margin from discal spot until end of R 4+5. Remainder of wing dark gray, paler from vein 2A to anal margin. Two spots, anteriorly golden and posteriorly gray, in discal cell, first near base and second in center, two dark gray bands in CuA 2 -2A at same height of discal cell. Semi-translucent spots as described for dorsal surface, but more conspicuous on ventral surface and, with further three small white spots, first in R 4+5 -M 1, second in M 1 -M 2 and last one in M 3 -CuA 1. Hindwing: Triangular with slightly produced tornus. Dorsal surface: Space between costal margin and Sc+R 1 with gray coloration; black between basal portion of discal cell and half of 2A; gray in space after 3A; remainder of wing dark green with metallic reflection, except for black band along distal margin, wider in its tornal third; black fringe. Ventral surface: Dark gray with numerous light yellow spots distributed as follows: three in space Sc+R 1 -Rs; one in Rs-M 1; one in M 1 -M 2; one in M 2 -M 3; three inside discal cell: one over dci; one in M 3 -CuA 1; two in CuA 1 -CuA 2 and three in CuA 2 and half of space in 2A-3A. Anal angle with a black semicircle in CuA 2 -2A, bordered basally by a light yellow band. End of veins M 3 and CuA 1 light yellow. MALE GENITA- LIA: Paratype (Fig. 41) (n=1) with narrow and subrectangular tegumen conspicuously separated from uncus by weakly sclerotized tissue, tegumen with a slight posterior dorsomedial projection and setae distributed irregularly on its posterior half. Gnathos articulated to tegumen at antero-dorsal edge, with shorter, irregularly rounded dorsal projection and longer ventral projection, latter slender, slightly curved and parallel at posterior tip to medium-longitudinal axis of genitalia. Anterior projection of saccus approximately same length as gnathos. Triangular valve with numerous marginal setae, articulated to ventral half of arm of saccus. Aedeagus cylindrical, anterior portion with larger diameter, gradually narrowing posteriorly and bifid at tip in lateral view.</p> <p>Female. UNKNOWN.</p> <p>Types. Holotype male with the following labels: / HOLOTYPUS / BRASIL, ACRE, MÂNCIO LIMA, P[ar]Q[ue]. NAC[ional]. [da] SERRA DO DIVISOR, PORÇÃO NORTE, 7º26’50”S 73º39’52”W 200-400m 10-21.IX.2011 D. Dolibaina and D. Moura, leg./ DZ 23.294/ HOLOTYPUS Symmachia divisora Dolibaina and Leite, det. 2012/ (deposited at DZUP).</p> <p>Paratype: 1 male, / PARATYPUS / same data as Holotype / DZ 21.406/ GEN[itália]. PREP[arada] LEITE 2011/ (deposited at DZUP).</p> <p>Etymology. The species name refers to the type locality, Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil.</p> <p>Diagnosis and Discussion. Symmachia divisora is apparently a member of a small group of species that includes S. probetor (Stoll, 1782), S. estellina Gallard, 2008, S. falcistriga falcistriga Stichel, 1910 and S. falcistriga meyi Brévignon, 1998, all occurring in the Amazon rainforest and characterized by their small size, sexual dimorphism, and by the color pattern of the adults (Fig. 3-12). The new species resembles S. falcistriga by the pattern of the spots on both sides of the wings (Fig. 3-6, 11-12), as well as the general stuctures of the genitalia (Fig. 41-44). Symmachia divisora is easily distinguished from the species previously mentioned by its larger size, more strongly produced hindwing tornus, the shape and size of the ventral hindwing tornal spot, the presence of orange scales on the patagia and scuto-scutellar suture II and the orange coloration of the dorsal abdomen. The male genitalia differs in size and shape of the tegumen, uncus, gnathos, combined ventral projection of the tegumen and dorsal part of the saccus, anterior projection of the saccus, valve and aedeagus (Fig. 41-44).</p> <p>The pattern of the spots along the outer margin of the ventral hindwing is especially relevant to pair males and females and to distinguish among females of S. falcistriga, S. probetor and S. estellina (Gallard 2008). This pattern is conspicously different in the male of S. divisora (Fig. 4). Furthermore, the female of related species are of the same size or smaller than the male. Therefore, the female of S. divisora, although unknown, is expected to be larger than females of related species and with a pattern similar to S. falcistriga but, as in related species, with a distinct pattern on the outer margin of the hindwing matching the pattern found on the male. Stichel (1914) described S. cribrellum Stichel, 1914, currently a synonym of S. f. falcistriga (Callaghan and Lamas 2004), from a single female from Mapiri, Bolívia; the type specimen was illustrated by Warren et al. (2012). The wing pattern of the female of S. cribrellum is identical to the female of S. falcistriga meyi illustrated by Gallard (2008) and a female examined by us, and thus this female does not represent S. divisora.</p> <p>Ethology. Only two males were collected, at 10:30h on the third day of sampling, both resting with wings open on the abaxial surface of the leaves of a Lauraceae tree, roughly three meters above the ground. The species engaged in apparent territorial disputes with S. f. falcistriga, in which individuals flew up vertically together to about five meters above the ground. On the five subsequent days in which the type locality was visited no further individuals of S. divisora were observed.</p> <p>Distribution. This species is currently known only from the mountains of the type locality, northwest of Acre, on the border between Brazil and Peru, and from Cerro Lumbaqui, Sucumbíos, Ecuador (0°1.42’N 77°19’W, 800-950m) (J. Hall, personal communication).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC1F43CFF3C7DEDFCDFFC58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC4F43DFF3C7D09FD90FEF8.text	175C87D3FFC4F43DFF3C7D09FD90FEF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia estellina Gallard 2008	<div><p>Symmachia estellina Gallard, 2008</p> <p>(Fig. 9-10, 40, 43)</p> <p>Two males were collected on the same day apparently competing for territory in a small patch of sun with S. probetor, and were not observed on subsequent days. The determination of the species was made by comparison with the work of Gallard (2008), who described the taxon based on specimens from French Guiana, although Gallard did not illustrate male genitalia in the description. Given that the Serra do Divisor and French Guiana are both part of the Amazonian biogeographic region it seems likely that these specimens from the two localities are conspecific. The characteristic shape and pattern of the forewing and the male genitalia, above cited to distinguish this species from S. probetor, seem to be surprisingly stable in a series of 17 males and 21 females studied by Gallard (2008) and 6 males and 3 females available to us for study at DZUP. Additionally, after the examination of large series of specimens of both S. estellina and S. probetor, Gallard (2008) did not find a single intermediate specimens between these two sympatric species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC4F43DFF3C7D09FD90FEF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC4F43CFF3C78C9FD02FA18.text	175C87D3FFC4F43CFF3C78C9FD02FA18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia probetor (Stoll 1782)	<div><p>Symmachia probetor (Stoll, 1782)</p> <p>(Fig. 7-8, 39, 42)</p> <p>A single damaged male was collected at the hilltop at 14:00h flying about five meters from the ground and apparently competing for territory with S. estellina Gallard, 2008 in a small patch of sun. The time of sampling differs from records mentioned by Gallard (2008) for this species in French Guiana.</p> <p>Although superficially similar, there are a number of characteristics of the wing shape, pattern, and male genitalia that seem to distinguish S. probetor and S. estellina: the forewing of S. probetor is rounded at the apex and convex at the outer margin and there is no white or translucent spots close to the curve of the costal margin, which is weakly developed when compared to S. estellina (Fig. 39-40). These characteristics can be observed in the type illustration of S. probetor given by Stoll (1782). The male genitalia of S. probetor is generally larger, the saccus is shorter and the posterior margin of the tegumen is more projected and bilobed medially in dorsal view. Perhaps most conspicuously, the cornuti are undeveloped in S. probetor (Fig. 42) but developed in S. estellina (Fig. 43) (S. probetor, n=2; S. estellina, n=6).</p> <p>We think there is possibly a complex of several similar looking species lumped under S. probetor, with some of the recognized subspecies and synonyms perhaps corresponding to valid species, in addition to the possibility of undescribed taxa.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC4F43CFF3C78C9FD02FA18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7FC9FB69FA78.text	175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7FC9FB69FA78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia accusatrix Westwood 1851	<div><p>Symmachia accusatrix Westwood, 1851</p> <p>(Fig. 19-20, 48)</p> <p>Five individuals were collected in a small clearing at the hilltop at 11:00h, flying one meter above the ground. Some individuals were sampled when they landed on the adaxial surface of the leaves in small trees of the forest understory, while others perched on dry branches close to the ground.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7FC9FB69FA78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C79C9FDFDFC58.text	175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C79C9FDFDFC58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia calliste Hewitson 1867	<div><p>Symmachia calliste Hewitson, 1867</p> <p>(Fig. 15-16, 46)</p> <p>This was the second most abundant species of the genus at PNSD during the collection trip, totaling seven collected individuals. All of them were captured around 13:00h in bright sunshine, while patrolling a small clearing at the hilltop or when they were resting on the adaxial surface of the leaves in trees about four meters above the ground.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C79C9FDFDFC58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7A69FC13FE18.text	175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7A69FC13FE18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia falcistriga subsp. falcistriga falcistriga Stichel 1910	<div><p>Symmachia falcistriga falcistriga Stichel, 1910</p> <p>(Fig. 11-12, 44)</p> <p>Only two specimens were collected at the hilltop at 10:30h while resting with open wings on the abaxial surface in the leaves of a Lauraceae tree. The two males were also seen engaging in an apparent territorial dispute with S. divisora (see under that species).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7A69FC13FE18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7909FB04FD58.text	175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7909FB04FD58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia leena subsp. punctata Butler 1877	<div><p>Symmachia leena punctata Butler, 1877</p> <p>(Fig. 13-14, 45)</p> <p>A single exemplar was collected around 13:00h at the hilltop while resting on the abaxial surface of the leaves of a small tree in a patch of sun around two meters from the ground.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7909FB04FD58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C78C9FD50FB58.text	175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C78C9FD50FB58.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia pardalis Hewitson 1867	<div><p>Symmachia pardalis Hewitson, 1867</p> <p>(Fig. 17-18, 47)</p> <p>Three individuals were collected while they were competing for territory near a dead tree located on the hilltop about six meters above the ground at 15:00h. All individuals presented the behavior of landing on the trunk of this tree with open wings, as recorded by Brévignon and Gallard (1998), Gallard (2008) and mentioned by Hall and Willmott (2007).</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C78C9FD50FB58	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7EE9FBC8F9B8.text	175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7EE9FBC8F9B8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia threissa subsp. seducta Brevignon 1998	<div><p>Symmachia threissa seducta Brévignon, 1998</p> <p>(Fig. 21-22, 49)</p> <p>A single individual was collected at 11:30h at the hilltop while resting on the adaxial surface of the leaves in a small tree in a patch of sun about five meters above the ground.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC5F43DFF3C7EE9FBC8F9B8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC5F433FF3C7DA9FE3EFC38.text	175C87D3FFC5F433FF3C7DA9FE3EFC38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia hetaerina subsp. hesione Stichel 1910	<div><p>Symmachia hetaerina hesione Stichel, 1910, stat. rev.</p> <p>(Fig. 25-28, 50)</p> <p>Symmachia hetaerina Hewitson, 1867 was decribed based on a female from the state of Pará, Brazil. Stichel (1910) described S. hesione as a valid species, based on a male from the municipality of Fonte Boa, Amazonas, Brazil, and subsequently placed it as a subspecies of S. hetaerina (Stichel 1911), but the two names were synonymized by Callaghan and Lamas (2004). We have examined specimens from Pará, Acre and Mato Grosso (Brazil) and found the two phenotypes to be consistently different (see below) and confined to distinct geographic regions. Since the male genitalia vary greatly among species of Symmachia, and there are only slight differences between the male genitalia of the two taxa, and we have not found them to be sympatric, we believe that the two taxa probably correspond to the same species, in a conservative approach. We therefore remove S. hesione from synonymy with S. hetaerina and place it again as a subspecies of that species: Symmachia hetaerina hesione Stichel, 1910, stat. rev. (Fig. 25-26). Symmachia hetaerina hetaerina occurs in the southern and eastern portion of Amazonia and S. hetaerina hesione occurs in the middle-west portion of Amazonia.</p> <p>The following male wing pattern characters serve to diagnose the two taxa. Forewing: dorsal surface – a) small costal sub-triangular spot with pale yellow coloration located after the costal curvature, anteriorly limited by the costal margin and posteriorly reaching 2/3 of the discal cell’s final width, present in S. haeterina hesione (Fig. 25) and absent in S. h. hetaerina (Fig. 23); b) marginal subrectangular orange spot, bigger in S. hetaerina hesione (Fig. 25) anteriorly reaching M 2 and posteriorly reaching half of the space in CuA 1 -CuA 2, smaller and pale white in S. h. hetaerina (Fig. 23); c) posterior median spot, orange in S. hetaerina hesione (Fig. 25), occupying 3/5 of the anal margin while half the width and pale white in S. h. hetaerina (Fig. 23). Ventral surface – d) costal spot begins on the costal margin and reaches 2/3 of the final width of the discal cell in S. hetaerina hesione (Fig. 26) while smaller and not beginning on the costal margin in S. hetaerina hetaerina (Fig. 24); e) small spot that posteriorly borders the basal portion of Sc smaller in S. hetaerina hesione (Fig. 26); other spots as mentioned for the dorsal surface, but pale orange in S. hetaerina hesione (Fig. 26). Hindwing: dorsal surface – f) orange median spot 1.5 times larger in S. hetaerina hesione (Fig. 25) while smaller and pale white in S. h. hetaerina (Fig. 23); g) wihtish yellow marking along the anal margin of S. haeterina hesione. Ventral surface – h) median spot limited to M 3 in S. hetaerina hesione (Fig. 25) while reaching the anal margin in S. h. hetaerina (Fig. 23) and h) marginal spot in cell CuA 2 -2A around three times larger in S. h. hetaerina (Fig. 23).</p> <p>The females have more elongate wings than the males in both subspecies, with wing pattern resembling that of the respective male. The female of S. h. hetaerina has markings of the same color as the male, while S. hetaerina hesione differs by having yellow spots instead of orange (Fig. 27-28).</p> <p>This species was the most common Symmachia at PNSD, with eight captured individuals, all of them flying fast and landing on the adaxial surface of the leaves of small trees, about three meters above the ground after 14:00h.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC5F433FF3C7DA9FE3EFC38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7D29FB8FF978.text	175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7D29FB8FF978.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia calligrapha Hewitson 1867	<div><p>Symmachia calligrapha Hewitson, 1867</p> <p>(Fig. 33-34, 53)</p> <p>Two male of this species were captured on the hilltop at 13:00h, when they were apparently fighting while flying in spiral manoeuvres about 2.5 meters above the ground.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7D29FB8FF978	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7DE9FA1FF898.text	175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7DE9FA1FF898.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia elinas (Rebillard 1958)	<div><p>Symmachia elinas (Rebillard, 1958)</p> <p>(Fig. 35-36, 54)</p> <p>This is the smallest species of Symmachia found at PNSD, and two individuals were captured at 14:00h while flying with other species of Riodinidae belonging to the genus Argyrogrammana Strand, 1932 and Theope Doubleday, 1847 in a small patch of sun on the hilltop, two meters above the ground.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7DE9FA1FF898	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7E09FA9DFA38.text	175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7E09FA9DFA38.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia emeralda Hall and Willmott 2007	<div><p>Symmachia emeralda Hall and Willmott, 2007</p> <p>(Fig. 31-32, 52)</p> <p>Three individuals were captured at the hilltop on the same day at 10:00h, while landing on the abaxial surface of the leaves in small trees about four meters above the ground. An exchange of “perches” among individuals was observed, with perches located about three meters from one another.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7E09FA9DFA38	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7F29FD11FB18.text	175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7F29FD11FB18.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia miron subsp. miron miron Grose-Smith 1898	<div><p>Symmachia miron miron Grose-Smith, 1898</p> <p>(Fig. 29-30, 51)</p> <p>A single specimen was collected in flight at 14:00h, four meters above the ground in a small clearing at the hilltop. The phenotype appears to be intermediate between the nominate subspecies described from Ecuador and the subspecies S. miron pulchellita Brévignon and Gallard, 1992 described from French Guiana. More material from PNSD and other Amazonian localities is needed to confirm the taxonomic status for this intermediate phenotype.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFCBF433FF3C7F29FD11FB18	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
175C87D3FFC8F430FF3C7841FE19FBA1.text	175C87D3FFC8F430FF3C7841FE19FBA1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symmachia tricolor Hewitson 1867	<div><p>Symmachia tricolor Hewitson, 1867</p> <p>(Fig. 37-38, 55)</p> <p>Six individuals of this species were captured after 14:30h on the hilltop. It is the only species of the genus for which females were collected (n=2). The specimens were collected in a small clearing while flying fast at one meter from the ground, when resting on dry branches or above small trees with about three meters high.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/175C87D3FFC8F430FF3C7841FE19FBA1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro;Fernando;Mielke, Hendrik;Martins, Mirna	Leite, Luis Anderson Ribeiro, Fernando, Mielke, Hendrik, Martins, Mirna (2012): An annotated list of Symmachia Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of a new species. Insecta Mundi 2012 (249): 1-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174672
