identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1B7387D9FFFFDA65FF5E97E36B5BFE1A.text	1B7387D9FFFFDA65FF5E97E36B5BFE1A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acromegalomma Gil & Nishi 2017	<div><p>Genus: Acromegalomma Gil &amp; Nishi, 2017</p><p>Type species: Branchiomma köllikeri Claparède 1868, a junior synonym of Sabella lanigera Grube, 1846 .</p><p>Diagnosis (sensu Tovar-Hernández &amp; Carrera-Parra 2011 and Capa et al. 2021). Medium- to large-sized sabellids, with variable number of radioles, each with numerous rows of vacuolated cells as radiolar skeleton. Basal membrane and radiolar flanges both absent. Single compound, sessile eye subdistally on inner margin of one or more pairs of radioles. Dorsal lips with radiolar appendages; pinular appendages may be present. Ventral radiolar appendages absent. Ventral lips and parallel lamellae both resent, ventral sacs also usually present. Keel or caruncle present in some species. Collar chaetae elongated narrowly hooded, similar to notochaetae of upper rows of subsequent chaetigers; lower thoracic notochaetae hooded. Thoracic uncini avicular, with several rows of equal-sized teeth above main fang, developed breast, and medium-sized manubrium, companion chaetae present. Abdominal uncini similar to thoracic ones, but with shorter manubrium. Abdominal neurochaetae hooded in both groups. Pygidial ocelli sometimes present.</p><p>Remarks. The main morphological character joining members of all species within Acromegalomma is the presence of large subdistal compound eyes, on the inner edge of radioles but, the definition of the genus is primarily based on three key characters, as suggested by Knight-Jones (1997): the fusion of the dorsal collar margins to the faecal groove and the presence of both dorsolateral pockets on the collar and subdistal compound radiolar eyes on the branchial crown. Tovar-Hernández &amp; Salazar-Vallejo (2008) expanded this diagnosis by identifying the presence of a caruncle – an elongated triangular lobe between the dorsal lips – as a significant feature. This classification was further refined by Capa &amp; Murray (2009), who described three new species from Australia.</p><p>Currently, the genus Acromegalomma comprises 38 valid species (Read &amp; Fauchald 2025), of which 13 species have been described from localities on the Atlantic Ocean, mostly from the Northern Atlantic. These include A. bioculatum, A. heterops, A. lobiferum (Ehlers, 1887), A. perkinsi (Tovar-Hernández &amp; Salazar-Vallejo, 2006), all from the coast of Florida, USA; A. georgiense (Tovar-Hernández &amp; Carrera-Parra, 2011), from off of Georgia, USA; A. fauchaldi (Giangrande, Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2007), from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize; A. vesiculosum (Montagu, 1813) from off the United Kingdom; A. lanigerum (Grube, 1846), from the coast of Italy, and A. adriaticum (Giangrande, Caruso, Mikac &amp; Licciano, 2015), A. longoventrale (Giangrande, Caruso, Mikac &amp; Licciano, 2015), A. messapicum (Giangrande &amp; Licciano, 2008) and A. pseudogesae (Mikac, Giangrande &amp; Licciano, 2013), all from the Adriatic Sea.</p><p>From the Southwestern Atlantic, only A. schwindtae Tovar-Hernández, de León-González &amp; Bybee, 2017 was described, from off Patagonian Argentina, and we describe herein four new species from southeastern Brazil.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B7387D9FFFFDA65FF5E97E36B5BFE1A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rebello, João Gabriel;Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos;Carrerette, Orlemir	Rebello, João Gabriel, Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Carrerette, Orlemir (2025): Description of four new species of Acromegalomma (Annelida, Sabellidae) from the Coast of Brazil (SW Atlantic), with comments on the morphological characters of the genus. Zootaxa 5620 (1): 72-104, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4
1B7387D9FFF9DA69FF5E93D86FA5FBEE.text	1B7387D9FFF9DA69FF5E93D86FA5FBEE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acromegalomma josei Rebello & Nogueira & Carrerette 2025	<div><p>Acromegalomma josei sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 3–5; 17 (A–D); 18 (A–E); 19A; Table 2</p><p>Material examined. Holotype. ZUECPOL–2523: complete, in soft-sediment (sand), 23.808ºS 45.365ºW, 1–3 m deep, March 1993, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.365&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.808" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.365/lat -23.808)">Praia do Perequê</a>, Ilhabela, São Paulo, Brazil . Paratypes. ZUECPOL–2523: 1 specimen, in soft-sediment (sand), 23.808º S 45.365ºW, 1–3 m deep, March, 1993, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.365&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.808" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.365/lat -23.808)">Praia do Perequê</a>, Ilhabela, São Paulo, Brazil . ZUECPOL–3866: 1 spec., in soft-sediment (sand), 23.796ºS 45.366ºW, 1–3 m deep, May, 1993, Ilhabela, São Paulo, Brazil; ZUECPOL–4784: 1 specimen, in soft-sediment (sand), 23.789º S 45.363ºW, 1–3m deep, September, 1995, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.363&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.789" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.363/lat -23.789)">Praia do Engenho d'Água</a>, São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil .</p><p>Diagnosis. Spherical eyes on most radioles; collar dorsal margins fused to faecal groove, collar dorsal lappets and dorsal pockets both present; anterior peristomial ring exposed dorsally, between dorsal pockets; caruncle absent; collar ventral lappets rounded; first ventral shield entire; inferior thoracic notochaetae Type B sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009).</p><p>Measurements. Holotype body 15.5 (11.9–12.5) mm long. Radiolar crown 4.5 (2.5–3.2) mm long. Thorax 3.3 (2.3–2.7) mm long, 2.1 (1.3–1.8) mm wide.</p><p>Description. General aspects and color patterns. Elongated body whitish, thorax 1.5–3x longer than wide. Branchial crown longer than thorax, 1/3 of total body length, also whitish, lacking visible bands of pigmentation. One pair of large, prominent dorsal eyes on dorsalmost pair of radioles; tiny subdistal compound spherical eyes present on most radioles, except of three ventralmost pairs.</p><p>Radiolar crown. Crown longer than thorax, semicircular radiolar lobes, with 17 (16–20) pairs of radioles. Subdistal compound eyes on most radioles, absent on three ventralmost pairs (Figs 3A; 19A); eyes large, spherical, gradually smaller dorsoventrally (Figs 3C; 17C–D). Radioles of dorsalmost pairs with short tips, tips gradually longer ventralwards. Dorsal lips erect, triangular, about 1/5 of crown length, with radiolar appendages (mid-rib), and one pair of pinnular appendages present. Ventral lips about 1/3 of dorsal lips length, broadly rounded. Basal ventral flanges absent.</p><p>Peristomium. Anterior peristomial ring exposed between the dorsal pockets (Fig. 3B); caruncle absent. Collar dorsal margins fused to faecal groove, dorsal lappets rounded, U-shaped dorsal pockets (Figs 3B; 4C, E; 17B); collar ventral lappets shorter than first ventral shield, triangular, not overlapping, with mid-ventral incision reaching anterior margin of first ventral shield (Figs 3A; 4B, D; 17A), ventral sacs and ventral parallel lamellae both present; collar lateral margins straight, covering origin of radioles (Figs 3A–C; 4A–E).</p><p>Thorax. Chaetiger 1: notochaetae all elongated, narrowly hooded (Figs 5A; 18A); those of superior row longer; first ventral shield with rounded anterior margin and short medial incision (Fig. 4B, D). Chaetigers 2–8: thoracic tori all about same length, not reaching corresponding shields, extending for half extension between notopodia and corresponding ventral shield lateral margin (Fig. 4B, D). Notochaetae of superior group elongated, narrowly hooded, 4–6 per fascicle, inferior notochaetae broadly hooded, progressively tapering distally, Type B sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009), 15–16 chaetae per fascicle (Figs 5B–C; 18B). Uncini with main fang surmounted by numerous rows of minute teeth, covering half of main fang, handles 1.5x length of main fang, 15–22 uncini per torus; companion chaetae with teardrop-shaped membranes, handles as long as those of uncini (Figs 5D; 18C). Interramal eyespots absent throughout.</p><p>Abdomen. Segments: 72 (67–78). Neurochaetae broadly hooded, those of posterior rows longer,12–14 chaetae per fascicle (Figs 5E; 18D). Uncini with main fang surmounted by rows of minute teeth, covering half of main fang length, and shorter handles than those of thoracic uncini (Figs 5F; 18E), 14–16 uncini per torus.</p><p>Pygidium. Broadly rounded, pygidial eyespots absent.</p><p>Tubes. Unknown.</p><p>Methylene blue staining pattern. Thoracic ventral shields stain uniformly, first shield entire, with M-shaped anterior margin, subsequent ventral shields rectangular, divided into two parts by transverse fissures (Figs 2; 4B; 17A).Abdominal shields each divided into two at midlength, by faecal groove, each half further divided transversely. Entire dorsum and lateral sides of the body pale, unstained (Figs 2; 4B; 17B).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name of Acromegalomma josei honors José Guilherme da Silveira Vasconcelos Ferreira, first author’s husband, for his support and inspiration throughout this research.</p><p>Habitat. 1–3 m deep, in soft-sediments.</p><p>Distribution. Only known from the type locality, Praia do Perequê, Ilhabela, and surrounding areas, on the Northern coast of the State of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, Southern Atlantic Ocean.</p><p>Remarks. Individuals of this species were previously identified as A. bioculatum by Rizzo &amp; Amaral (2000). Tovar-Hernández &amp; Carrera-Parra (2011) provided a detailed redescription for that species, based on type material, and the comparison provided herein follows these latter authors. There are major differences between specimens of A. bioculatum (Ehlers, 1887) and A. josei sp. nov., such as: members of A. josei sp. nov. have (1) eyes on most radioles (eyes on the dorsalmost pair of radioles only, in specimens of A. bioculatum); (2) dorsalmost radioles have short tips, tips progressively longer ventralwards (all radioles with short tips, in members of A. bioculatum) and (3) collar dorsal margins laterally fused to the fecal groove (not fused in individuals of A. bioculatum).</p><p>Among the species of Acromegalomma described to date, members of A. josei sp. nov. share similarities with representatives of A. mushaense (Gravier, 1906), A. nechamae (Knight-Jones, 1997), and A. perkinsi, in having eyes on most radioles and collar margins laterally fused to the fecal groove, with dorsal pockets and dorsal lappets. However, members of all these species, have origin of radioles exposed laterally, while individuals of A. josei sp. nov. possess lateral margins of the collar covering the origin of radioles. Also, members of A. josei sp. nov. have short collar ventral lappets, while these are as long as first ventral shield in members of all these other species. Furthermore, members of the new species have ventral shields of subsequent segments with two transverse fissures, a feature not mentioned in the descriptions of any of those other species. Finally, inferior thoracic chaetae of members of A. josei sp. nov. are Type B sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009) (as in specimens of A. nechamae), while individuals of A. perkinsi have inferior thoracic chaetae Type A. Other variable characters distinguishing members of all these species are shown in Table 2.</p><p>Members of A. josei sp. nov. are distinguished from worms of the only other species originally described from the Southern Atlantic, A. schwindtae, by these latter having branchial crown as long as thorax and subdistal compound eyes only on dorsalmost radiolar pair, while specimens of A. josei sp. nov. have a branchial crown longer than thorax and subdistal compound eyes on most radioles. Additionally, individuals of A. josei sp. nov. have thoracic ventral shields with transverse fissures and Type B inferior thoracic notochaetae sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009), while members of A. schwindtae have entire ventral shields and Type A inferior thoracic notochaetae sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B7387D9FFF9DA69FF5E93D86FA5FBEE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rebello, João Gabriel;Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos;Carrerette, Orlemir	Rebello, João Gabriel, Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Carrerette, Orlemir (2025): Description of four new species of Acromegalomma (Annelida, Sabellidae) from the Coast of Brazil (SW Atlantic), with comments on the morphological characters of the genus. Zootaxa 5620 (1): 72-104, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4
1B7387D9FFF5DA6CFF5E96B96F18F822.text	1B7387D9FFF5DA6CFF5E96B96F18F822.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acromegalomma omenae Rebello & Nogueira & Carrerette 2025	<div><p>Acromegalomma omenae sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 6–8; 17 (E–H); 18 (F–J); Table 2</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: MNUFRJ-P57, in soft-sediment (sand), 22.770ºS 41.886ºW, 1–3 m deep, February/1999, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-41.886&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.77" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -41.886/lat -22.77)">Praia da Ferradura</a>, Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil . Paratypes: MNUFRJ-P57, 7 specimens, in soft-sediment (sand), 22.770ºS 41.886ºW, 1–3 m deep, February 1999, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-41.886&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.77" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -41.886/lat -22.77)">Praia da Ferradura</a>, Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .</p><p>Diagnosis. Spherical eyes on most radioles; collar dorsal margins fused to faecal groove; collar dorsal lappets and dorsal pockets both present; anterior peristomial ring exposed dorsal- and laterally; caruncle present; collar ventral lappets rounded; first ventral shield entire, inferior thoracic notochaetae Type A sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009).</p><p>Measurements. Holotype body 19.7 (7.8–22) mm long. Radiolar crown 3.6 (2.5–3.5) mm long.</p><p>Thorax 4.1 (2.8–4.5) mm long, 1 (0.3–0.5) mm wide.</p><p>Description. General aspects and color patterns. Elongated body, thorax 7–9x longer than wide. Body whitish to light yellowish. Branchial crown shorter than thorax, 1/4 of total body length, also whitish. One pair of large, prominent dorsal eyes on dorsalmost pair of radioles; tiny subdistal compound spherical eyes present on most radioles, one per radiole, except on radioles of two ventralmost pairs.</p><p>Radiolar crown. Crown shorter than thorax, semicircular radiolar lobes, with 14 (11–14) pairs of radioles. Subdistal compound eyes on most radioles, except for two ventralmost pairs (Figs 6C; 7A; 19B). Eyes on dorsalmost pair of radioles large, spherical (Figs 6B–C; 17G–H), other eyes also spherical, progressively shortening dorsoventrally (Figs 6B–C; 17G–H). Tips of radioles of dorsalmost pair short, radiolar tips progressively longer ventralwards (Fig. 6D). Dorsal lips erect, triangular, about ¼ of crown length, with radiolar appendages (mid-rib), one pair of pinnular appendages present (Fig. 7E). Ventral lips about half length of dorsal lips, broadly rounded. Basal ventral flanges absent.</p><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>Peristomium. Anterior peristomial ring exposed dorsally and laterally (Figs 6E–F; 7E; 17F); caruncle present, short, triangular, half-length of second thoracic chaetiger (Figs 6E; 7E), with rough surface, due to irregularly sinuous crests. Collar dorsal margins fused to faecal groove, dorsal lappets triangular, V-shaped dorsal pockets (Figs 6E; 7E; 17F); collar ventral lappets as long as first ventral shield, triangular, not overlapping, mid-ventral incision reaching anterior margin of first ventral shield (Figs 6D; 17E), ventral sacs and ventral parallel lamellae both present. Collar lateral margins oblique, not covering origin of radioles (Fig. 6F; 7E).</p><p>Thorax. Chaetiger 1: notochaetae all elongated, narrowly hooded (Figs 8A; 18F), those of superior row longer; first ventral shield with rounded anterior margin and short medial incision (Figs 6D; 7A–C). Chaetigers 2–8: all thoracic tori about same length, not reaching corresponding shields, extending for 3/4 of distance between notopodia and ventral shields margins. Notochaetae of superior group elongated, narrowly hooded, 6–8 per fascicle, inferior notochaetae broadly hooded, with narrow tip, Type A sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009), 10–12 chaetae per fascicle (Figs 8B–C; 18G). Uncini with main fang surmounted by numerous rows of minute teeth, covering half of main fang, handles 1.5x length of main fang, 20–28 uncini per torus; companion chaetae with teardrop-shaped membranes, handles longer than those of the uncini (Figs 8D; 18H). Interramal eyespots absent throughout.</p><p>Abdomen. Segments: 71 (39–71). Neurochaetae broadly hooded, those of posterior rows longer, 10–12 chaetae per fascicle (Figs 8E; 18I). Uncini with main fang surmounted by rows of minute teeth, covering half of main fang, and shorter handles than thoracic uncini (Figs 8F; 18J), 14–16 uncini per torus.</p><p>Pygidium. Broadly rounded, pygidial eyespots absent.</p><p>Tubes. Mucous, with shell fragments and coarse sand embedded.</p><p>Methylene blue staining pattern. Thoracic ventral shields stain uniformly, first shield entire, M-shaped anterior margin, subsequent shields rectangular with concave lateral edges, some with anterior transverse fissure. Abdominal shields each divided into two at midlength, by faecal groove. Entire dorsum and lateral sides of body pale, unstained (Figs 2; 6D; 7A–E; 17E).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is a tribute to Professor Dr. Elianne Omena, who collected and identified several specimens of Sabellidae throughout the Brazilian shore, including members of this species.</p><p>Habitat. 1–3 m deep, in soft-sediments.</p><p>Distribution. Only known from the type locality, Praia da Ferradura, Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil, Southern Atlantic Ocean.</p><p>Remarks. Members of this species were previously identified as A. quadrioculatum (Willey, 1905) by Omena &amp; Creed (2004), but the original description of that species is very brief and no redescriptions are available. The comparison presented herein follows the information provided by Capa &amp; Murray (2009) and Tovar-Hernández &amp; Carrera-Parra (2011); according to these authors, the main differences between specimens of A. quadrioculatum and A. omenae sp. nov. are: members of our new species have (1) eyes on most radioles (in contrast to individuals of A. quadrioculatum, which have eyes only on the five dorsalmost pairs of radioles); (2) spherical eyes (spiraled in specimens of A. quadrioculatum); (3) tips of dorsalmost radioles shorter, progressively longer ventralwards (uniformly short tips in members of A. quadrioculatum); (4) inferior thoracic chaetae Type A sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009) (type B in members of A. quadrioculatum); and (5) handles of thoracic uncini twice the length of main fang (shorter than the main fang in specimens of A. quadrioculatum).</p><p>Considering the species of Acromegalomma which members have eyes on most radioles, collar fused to the fecal groove, with dorsal pockets and dorsal lappets, and thoracic inferior chaetae type A sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009), specimens of A. omenae sp. nov. resemble members of A. perkinsi (Tovar-Hernández &amp; Salazar-Vallejo 2006), but members of the first species have the anterior peristomial ring margin exposed dorsally and laterally, differently from individuals of A. perkinsi . In addition, members of A. perkinsi possess rounded ventral lappets on collar, do not have a caruncle (Tovar-Hernández &amp; Salazar-Vallejo 2006), and their inferior thoracic notochaetae are of Type B sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009), while specimens of A. omenae sp. nov. have triangular ventral lappets, a small caruncle and inferior thoracic notochaetae of Type A sensu Capa &amp; Murray (2009). Furthermore, specimens of A. omenae sp. nov. possess entire ventral shields, similar to those of A. perkinsi, but Brazilian specimens have an anterior transverse fissure on some thoracic shields, which is absent in members of A. perkinsi .</p><p>Specimens of A. omenae sp. nov. differ from representatives of A. josei sp. nov. described above by the (1) lateral margins of the collar not covering the origin of radioles (covering origin of radioles, in members of A. josei sp. nov.); (2) collar ventral lappets distally triangular (distally rounded in individuals of A. josei sp. nov.); and (3) by the length of thoracic tori on chaetigers 2–3, occupying half distance between notopodia and ventral shields lateral margins, in members of the latter species (3/4 of that distance, in specimens of A. omenae sp. nov.).</p><p>Finally, members of A. omenae sp. nov. differ from those of the other South Atlantic species in this genus, A. schwindtae, by having subdistal compound eyes on most radioles, differently from specimens of the latter species, which have eyes only on the dorsalmost pair. Furthermore, members of A. omenae sp. nov. have progressively longer radiolar tips ventralwards, what does not occur in individuals of A. schwindtae Tovar-Hernández, de León-González &amp; Bybee, 2017 (dorsalmost radioles with long tips decreasing gradually ventralwards) (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2017).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B7387D9FFF5DA6CFF5E96B96F18F822	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rebello, João Gabriel;Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos;Carrerette, Orlemir	Rebello, João Gabriel, Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Carrerette, Orlemir (2025): Description of four new species of Acromegalomma (Annelida, Sabellidae) from the Coast of Brazil (SW Atlantic), with comments on the morphological characters of the genus. Zootaxa 5620 (1): 72-104, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4
1B7387D9FFECDA76FF5E92B16B1EFB72.text	1B7387D9FFECDA76FF5E92B16B1EFB72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acromegalomma punctum Rebello & Nogueira & Carrerette 2025	<div><p>Acromegalomma punctum sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 9–13; 17 (I–L); 18 (K–O); 19C; Table 2</p><p>Material examined. Holotype. MNRJ P992, complete specimen, continental shelf, 20.590ºS 39.916ºW, 142–146m deep, June to July, 2013, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.916&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.59" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.916/lat -20.59)">Espírito Santo Basin</a>, Espírito Santo, Brazil . Paratype. MNRJ P992, incomplete specimen, continental shelf, 20.590ºS 39.916ºW, 142–146m deep, June to July 2013, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.916&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.59" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.916/lat -20.59)">Espírito Santo Basin</a>, Espírito Santo, Brazil .</p><p>Diagnosis. Eyes only on dorsalmost pair of radioles, spherical; collar dorsal margins not fused to faecal groove; collar dorsal lappets and dorsal pockets both absent; anterior peristomial ring totally exposed dorsally; caruncle present; collar ventral lappets triangular; first ventral shield divided transversely into two parts. Inferior thoracic notochaetae Type C sensu Giangrande et al. (2015).</p><p>Measurements. Holotype body 14.6 (4, incomplete) mm long. Radiolar crown 5.2 (5.6) mm long. Thorax 2.9 (3.9) mm long, 0.7 (0.7) mm wide.</p><p>Description. General aspects and color patterns. Elongated body, thorax 4 (6)x longer than wide. Body from white, opaque, to yellowish, changing along body, lighter on abdomen. Branchial crown longer than thorax, 1/3 of total body length, translucent, with 3–4 brown bands, each extending for around space of origin of 6 pairs of pinnules, basal band shorter. One pair of large, prominent dorsal eyes on dorsalmost pair of radioles. Thoracic ventral shields with darkened lateral edges extending to neuropodia, gradually shorter posteriorwards (Fig. 9A–E).</p><p>Radiolar crown. Crown longer than thorax, semicircular radiolar lobes, with 10 (10) pairs of radioles. Subdistal compound eyes only on dorsalmost pair of radioles (Figs 9B, D; 11B, D; 19C), eyes large, spherical. Tips of radioles of dorsalmost pair barely conspicuous (Figs 9A, B, D; 11B, D; 17K), others radioles without compound eyes and with elongate tips (Figs 11B; 17L). Dorsal lips erect, triangular, about 1/4 of crown length, with radiolar appendages (mid-rib) (Fig. 11E), and one pair of pinnular appendages. Ventral lips about half length of dorsal lips, broadly rounded. Basal ventral flanges present (Fig. 12A, B).</p><p>Peristomium. Anterior and posterior peristomial rings both totally exposed dorsally (Figs 9E; 10A, C; 11C; 12C), caruncle long, triangular, twice the length of second thoracic chaetiger, with rough surface, due to irregularly sinuous crests (Figs 11E). Collar dorsal margins not fused to faecal groove, dorsal lappets and dorsal pockets both absent (Figs 9E; 10C; 11C; 12C; 17J); collar ventral lappets as long as first ventral shield, triangular, not overlapping, mid-ventral incision reaching anterior margin of first ventral shield (Figs 9C; 10A, D; 11A; 12A, B; 17I), ventral sacs and ventral parallel lamellae both present (Fig. 11E); collar lateral margins oblique, not covering origin of radioles (Figs 9A–C, E; 10A, C–D; 11A–C, E; 12A–C).</p><p>Thorax. Chaetiger 1: notochaetae all elongated narrowly hooded, those of superior row longer (Figs 13A; 18K); first ventral shield with straight anterior margin and short, medial incision (Figs 9C; 11A, E; 12A, B; 17I). Chaetigers 2–8: all thoracic tori about same length, not reaching shields, extending for 3/4 of distance between notopodia and ventral shields lateral margins (Fig. 10A, B, D). Notochaetae of superior group of elongated, narrowly hooded, 10– 12 per fascicle; inferior notochaetae broadly hooded, with thick and short, distally rounded shaft, ending by broad mucronate hood, Type C sensu Giangrande et al. (2015), 10–12 chaetae per fascicle (Figs 13B, C; 18L). Uncini with main fang surmounted by 6–7 rows of minute teeth, covering half of main fang, handles 1.5x length of main fang, 15–18 uncini per torus; companion chaetae with teardrop-shaped membranes, and longer handles than those of uncini (Figs 13D; 18M). Interramal eyespots absent throughout.</p><p>Abdomen. Segments: 61 (paratype incomplete). Neurochaetae narrowly hooded, those of posterior rows longer, 8–10 chaetae per fascicle (Figs 13E; 18N). Uncini with main fang surmounted by 5–6 rows of minute teeth, covering half of main fang, and shorter handles than those of thoracic uncini (Figs 13F; 18O), 8–10 uncini per torus.</p><p>Pygidium. Broadly rounded, pygidial eyespots absent.</p><p>Tubes. Unknown.</p><p>Methylene blue staining pattern. Thoracic ventral shields stain uniformly, first shield divided transversely into two parts, posterior one larger, with medial ciliated patch; subsequent shields entire, each with medial ciliated patch only visible after staining. All shields rectangular with concave lateral edges. Abdominal shields each divided into two at midlength, by faecal groove. Entire dorsum and lateral sides of body pale, unstained (Figs 2; 10; 12).</p><p>Etymology. The specific name is an adjective derived from the patches of cilia, as ‘dots’ at midlength of each thoracic ventral shield.</p><p>Habitat. 142–146 m deep, in soft-sediments.</p><p>Distribution. Only known from the type locality, 20.590ºS 39.916ºW, Espírito Santo Basin, Southeastern Brazil, Southern Atlantic Ocean.</p><p>Remarks. Specimens of only two other currently known species of Acromegalomma, A. gesae (Knight-Jones, 1997) and A. pigmentum (Reish, 1963), share with members of A. punctum sp. nov. the presence of eyes only on the dorsalmost pair of radioles, collar not fused to the faecal groove, and inferior thoracic notochaetae Type C sensu Giangrande et al. (2015). However, in members of both A. gesae and A. pigmentum, the tori of chaetigers 2–3 occupy half of the distance between the notopodia and the corresponding ventral shield margins, whereas in representatives of A. punctum sp. nov., they extend over three-quarters of that distance. The pygidium also differs among these species, rounded in members of A. punctum sp. nov., triangular in specimens of both the other species. Furthermore, members of all these three species are unique within members of Acromegalomma in presenting radiolar basal ventral flanges, but members of both A. pigmentum and A. punctum sp. nov. have the first ventral shield divided transversely into two parts, while specimens of A. gesae have it entire.</p><p>A distinctive feature observed in specimens of A. punctum sp. nov. is the presence of ciliated patches at midlength of thoracic ventral shields. Those cilia are likely to have sensory function and also help to generate water currents inside the tubes (Tovar-Hernández &amp; Dean 2014). This characteristic has been poorly investigated because it requires scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or specific staining techniques, such as methylene blue or methyl green, to be visualized. Similar structures have been documented in species of Pseudobranchiomma Jones, 1962, Laonome Malmgren, 1866, Amphicorina Claparède, 1864, Paradialychone Tovar-Hernández, 2008, and Dialychone Claparède, 1868 . Tovar-Hernández &amp; Dean (2014) suggested that those patches vary in shape, types of cilia, and size, making them useful for species delimitation. In members of A. punctum sp. nov., these ciliary patches could represent an important diagnostic feature, helpful for species delimitation within the genus, but further research is still necessary to fully understand the functional roles of those cilia and check if they are also present in members of other species of the genus.</p><p>The redescription of A. pigmentum by Tovar-Hernández &amp; Carrera-Parra (2011) is quite elucidative, but does not mention the "patches of cilia", present in members of A. punctum sp. nov. However, it is possible to observe in their Figure 22 (B and F) (Tovar-Hernández &amp; Carrera-Parra, 2011) markings very similar to the patches of cilia described herein for A. punctum sp. nov. Furthermore, members of A. punctum sp. nov. differ from those of A. pigmentum by having handles of thoracic uncini 1.5x the length of main fang, while specimens of A. pigmentum have them twice as long as main fang. A re-analysis of the type material of A. pigmentum is necessary to confirm if members of that species also have the "patches of cilia", as observed in material of A. punctum sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B7387D9FFECDA76FF5E92B16B1EFB72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rebello, João Gabriel;Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos;Carrerette, Orlemir	Rebello, João Gabriel, Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Carrerette, Orlemir (2025): Description of four new species of Acromegalomma (Annelida, Sabellidae) from the Coast of Brazil (SW Atlantic), with comments on the morphological characters of the genus. Zootaxa 5620 (1): 72-104, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4
1B7387D9FFEADA7DFF5E97306EC0FA86.text	1B7387D9FFEADA7DFF5E97306EC0FA86.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acromegalomma scutolenis Rebello & Nogueira & Carrerette 2025	<div><p>Acromegalomma scutolenis sp. nov.</p><p>Figures 14–16; 17 (A–E); 18 (P–T); 19D; Table 2</p><p>Material examined. Holotype. MNRJP-8322, complete specimen, in soft-sediment (sand), 20.807ºS 40.648ºW, 1–2m deep, May, 2023, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.648&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.807" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.648/lat -20.807)">Praia de Parati</a>, Anchieta, Espírito Santo, Brazil . Paratype. MNRJ P992, incomplete specimen, in continental shelf, 20.590ºS 39.916ºW, 142–146 m deep, June to July, 2013, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.916&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.59" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.916/lat -20.59)">Espírito Santo Basin</a>, Espírito Santo, Brazil .</p><p>Diagnosis. Spherical eyes on dorsalmost radioles; lateral radioles with spherical and oval eyes; collar dorsal margins fused to faecal groove, collar dorsal lappets and dorsal pockets both present; anterior peristomial ring not exposed; caruncle present; ventral lappets triangular; thoracic ventral thoracic shields all entire, smooth; inferior thoracic notochaetae Type C sensu Giangrande et al. (2015).</p><p>Measurements. Holotype body 22.8 (18.5) mm long. Radiolar crown 7, 4 mm long (9,2 mm). Thorax 5.1 (4.7) mm long, 1.9 (1.3) mm wide.</p><p>Description. General aspects and color patterns. Elongated body, yellow to ochre, with well-marked collar dorsal margins and well-defined segments; thorax 3x longer than wide. Branchial crown longer than thorax, 1/3 of total body length, also yellowish, with 4–5 brown bands, distalmost largest, extending for space of origin of up to 12 pairs of pinnules, basalmost band shortest (Figs 14B, D; 15A–B, D, F). One pair of large and prominent dorsal eyes on dorsalmost pair of radioles; tiny subdistal compound eyes on lateral radioles, 1 per radiole, missing on some dorsal and ventralmost radioles (Figs 14B, D; 15A–B, D; 19D).</p><p>Radiolar crown. Crown longer than thorax, semicircular radiolar lobes, with 14 (14–16) pairs of radioles. Subdistal compound eyes on dorsalmost and lateral pairs of radioles, except on four dorsalmost (beginning from second pair) and four ventralmost pairs (Fig. 19D); eyes of dorsalmost pair of radioles large and spherical, eyes of lateral pairs of radioles smaller, spherical to oval (Figs 14B, D; 15A–B, D; 17O–Q). Tips of radioles of dorsalmost pair short, radiolar tips gradually longer ventralwards (Figs 14B, D; 15A–B, D; 17O–Q). Dorsal lips erect, triangular, about 1/3 of radiolar crown length, with radiolar appendages (mid-rib) and one pair of pinnular appendages (Fig. 15F). Ventral lips about 1/3 of dorsal lips length, broadly rounded. Basal ventral flanges absent.</p><p>Peristomium. Anterior peristomial ring not exposed (Figs 14A, E, F; 15E, F; 17N); remarkably short caruncle, triangular, half-length of second thoracic segment, with rough surface, due to irregularly sinuous crests (Fig. 14E). Collar dorsal margins fused to faecal groove, dorsal lappets rounded and V-shaped dorsal pockets (Figs 14A, E–F; 15E, F; 17N). Collar ventral lappets longer than first ventral shield, rounded, overlapping, mid-ventral incision reaching anterior margin of first ventral shield (Figs 14C; 15C; 17M), ventral sacs and ventral parallel lamellae present (Fig. 14E); collar lateral margins straight, covering origin of radioles (Fig. 15E, F).</p><p>Thorax. Chaetiger 1: notochaetae all elongate narrowly hooded (Figs 16A; 18P), those of superior row longer; first ventral shield with rounded anterior margin and short medial incision (Figs 14C; 15C; 17M). Chaetigers 2–8 (2–7): all thoracic tori about same length, not reaching shields, extending for 3/4 of distance between notopodia and ventral shields lateral margins. Notochaetae of superior group elongated, narrowly hooded, 4–6 chaetae per fascicle, inferior notochaetae with thick and short, distally rounded shaft, ending by mucronated hood, Type C sensu Giangrande et al. (2015), 10–12 per fascicle (Figs 16B–C; 18Q). Uncini with main fang surmounted by numerous rows of minute teeth, covering half of main fang, handles 1.5x length of main fang, 15–22 uncini per torus; companion chaetae with teardrop-shaped membranes and handles as long as those of uncini (Figs 16D; 18R). Interramal eyespots absent throughout.</p><p>Abdomen. Segments: 66 (65–66). Neurochaetae broadly hooded, those of posterior rows longer, 10–12 chaetae per fascicle (Figs 16E; 18S). Uncini with main fang surmounted by 8–10 rows of minute teeth, covering half of main fang, and shorter handles than those of thoracic uncini (Figs 16F; 18T) 10–13 uncini per torus.</p><p>Pygidium. Broadly rounded, pygidial eyespots absent.</p><p>Tubes. Mucous, with shell fragments and coarse sand embedded.</p><p>Methylene blue staining pattern. Thoracic shields stain uniformly, first shield entire, with M-shaped anterior margin, subsequent ventral shields rectangular with concave lateral edges, smooth. Abdominal shields each divided into two at midlength, by faecal groove. Entire dorsum and lateral sides of body pale, unstained (Figs 2; 14C; 15C, E; 17M).</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet is formed by the terms “ scutum ” = shields + “ lenis ” = smooth, referring to the smooth ventral shields, without ornamentations of any type, such as ciliary patches or fissures, as in members of the other species described herein.</p><p>Habitat. 2–146 m deep, in soft-sediments.</p><p>Distribution. Only known from the type locality (Praia de Parati, Anchieta), and surrounding areas, in Espírito Santo Basin, Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil, Southern Atlantic Ocean.</p><p>Remarks. Out of all the currently known species of Acromegalomma, members of A. scutolenis sp. nov. resemble specimens of A. adriaticum (Giangrande, Caruso, Mikac &amp; Licciano, 2015), A. fauchaldi (Giangrande, Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2007), and A. messapicum (Giangrande &amp; Licciano, 2008), in having eyes on the dorsalmost and lateral pairs of radioles, collar dorsal margins fused to the faecal groove, with dorsal pockets, and thoracic tori all of the same length; of these three species, only A. fauchaldi was originally described from an American locality, while both the other species both were described from the Adriatic Sea, in the Mediterranean (Giangrande et al. 2007; Giangrande &amp; Licciano 2008; Giangrande et al. 2015). Additionally, members of all these three species lack a caruncle, while specimens of A. scutolenis sp. nov. possess a conspicuous caruncle.</p><p>Furthermore, members of A. scutolenis sp. nov. do not have anterior peristomial ring exposed, as also occurs in specimens of A. fauchaldi, whereas individuals of both A. messapicum and A. adriaticum have anterior peristomial ring exposed dorsally. Finally, thoracic tori of chaetigers 2–3 occupy half of the distance between notopodia and corresponding ventral shields lateral margins in members of A. messapicum and A. fauchaldi, and extend for 3/4 of that distance in individuals of A. adriaticum and A. scutolenis sp. nov.</p><p>Acromegalomma schwindtae Tovar-Hernández, de León-González &amp; Bybee, 2017 is the only species of this genus originally described from the Southern Atlantic waters so far (Tovar-Hernández et al. 2017). (Table 2). Major differences between specimens of A. schwindtae and A. scutolenis sp. nov. are: (1) eyes only present on the dorsalmost pair of radioles in members of A. schwindtae (dorsalmost and lateral pairs of radioles in the new species); (2) members of A. schwindtae have dorsalmost radioles with long tips, tips diminishing gradually towards ventralwards (tips progressively longer ventralwards, in specimens of A. scutolenis sp. nov.); and (3) dorsal lappets absent and anterior peristomial ring exposed dorsally between dorsal pockets in representatives of A. schwindtae, while dorsal lappets are present and the anterior peristomial ring is not exposed in members of A. scutolenis sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B7387D9FFEADA7DFF5E97306EC0FA86	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rebello, João Gabriel;Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos;Carrerette, Orlemir	Rebello, João Gabriel, Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Carrerette, Orlemir (2025): Description of four new species of Acromegalomma (Annelida, Sabellidae) from the Coast of Brazil (SW Atlantic), with comments on the morphological characters of the genus. Zootaxa 5620 (1): 72-104, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4
1B7387D9FFE2DA7EFF5E93916B9BFBCE.text	1B7387D9FFE2DA7EFF5E93916B9BFBCE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acromegalomma Gil & Nishi 2017	<div><p>Key to Acromegalomma species described from Western Atlantic Ocean</p><p>1A. Collar dorsal margins not fused to faecal groove............................................................ .. 2</p><p>1B. Collar dorsal margins fused to faecal groove................................................................ 5</p><p>2A. Subdistal compound eyes only on dorsalmost pair of radioles.................................................. 3</p><p>2B. Subdistal compound eyes on most radioles, absent only in ventralmost............................................................................................... A. georgiense (Tovar-Hernández &amp; Carrera-Parra, 2011)</p><p>3A. Ventral basal flanges absent............................................................................. 4</p><p>3B. Ventral basal flanges present............................................................. A. punctum sp. nov.</p><p>4A. All radioles with short tips....................................................... A. bioculatum (Ehlers, 1887)</p><p>4B. Dorsalmost radioles with long tips decreasing ventralwards................................................................................................. A. schwindtae Tovar-Hernández, de León-González &amp; Bybee, 2017</p><p>5A. Interramal eyespots absent............................................................................. .. 6</p><p>5B. Interramal eyespots present....................................................... A. lobiferum (Ehlers, 1887)</p><p>6A. Ventral sacs present................................................................................... 7</p><p>6B. Ventral sacs absent.............................................................. A. heterops (Perkins, 1984)</p><p>7A. Inferior thoracic notochaetae Type C..................................................................... .. 8</p><p>7B. Inferior thoracic notochaetae Type A..................................................................... 10</p><p>8A. Caruncle present...................................................................................... 9</p><p>8B. Caruncle absent........................................... A. fauchaldi (Giangrande, Licciano &amp; Gambi, 2007)</p><p>9A. Anterior peristomial ring exposed dorsally and laterally........................................ A. omenae sp. nov.</p><p>9B. Anterior peristomial not exposed........................................................ A. scutolenis sp. nov.</p><p>10A. Thoracic ventral shields entire............................. A. perkinsi (Tovar-Hernández &amp; Salazar-Vallejo, 2006)</p><p>10B Thoracic ventral shields divided in two......................................................... A. josei sp nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B7387D9FFE2DA7EFF5E93916B9BFBCE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rebello, João Gabriel;Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos;Carrerette, Orlemir	Rebello, João Gabriel, Nogueira, João Miguel De Matos, Carrerette, Orlemir (2025): Description of four new species of Acromegalomma (Annelida, Sabellidae) from the Coast of Brazil (SW Atlantic), with comments on the morphological characters of the genus. Zootaxa 5620 (1): 72-104, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5620.1.4
