identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1903423BFFADD57025B84C11FD8DF93C.text	1903423BFFADD57025B84C11FD8DF93C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minoa murinata (Scopoli 1763)	<div><p>Minoa murinata</p><p>(populations from western and central Europe):</p><p>1 ³, Deutschland, Württemberg, Oberland Jllertal- Egelsee, 7.vi.1942, g.prep 0048/2019 N. Schulz; 1 ♀, Deutsch-land, Lettin bei Halle, S [tuttgart] 15.ii.1981 e.o. PTZ., leg. S. Martschat, g.prep 0044/2019 N. Schulz; 1 ³, same data, 07.iv.1980 e.o. PTZ., g.prep 0045/2019 N. Schulz; 1 ³, Stuttgart-Rohr Bahndamm, 28.v.1962, leg. W. Schäfer, g.prep 0047/2019 N. Schulz; 1 ³ , Deutschland, Stuttgart-Krumbachtal, 11.v.1961, leg. W. Schäfer, g.prep 2242/2019 H. Rajaei; 1 ³ , Ungarn, H. Bükkösd, 15 km W Pécs, 22.v.1988 TF., Leg. K.-R. Beck, g.prep 2243/2019 H. Rajaei; all in SMNS . 1 ³, Pyr. Orient. Vernet-les-B., R. Oberthür, 1.8.1920, g.prep. 2336/2020 H. Rajaei; 2 ³ , Spanien, westl. S. Sebastian, Cr. Eisenberger, 28.VI.[19]53, g.prep. 2337/2020 H. Rajaei; 2 ♀, Casteil, Pyrénées Orles., 10- 14.VII.1939; 1 ♀, Vernet l. Bains, Pyren Orles., 12.V.1930; all in ZSM .</p><p>Minoa murinata (populations from south-eastern Europe, in some citations regarded as ‘ subsp. monochroaria ’):</p><p>1 ³, Jugoslawien, Serbien, Umg. Nis, Nisavatal, Sicevo 24.iv.1988, leg. de Freina, coll W. Schäfer, Stuttgart, SMNS-Lep. 1997-14, g.prep 2238/2019 H. Rajaei; 1 ♀ , Jugoslawien, Ulika, LF, 2.ix.[19]84, leg. H. Popp; 1 ³ , Jugoslawien, Poreć, LF, 1.vii.[19]86, leg. H. Popp; 1 ³, same locality, 10-150 m, 31.v.[19]75, leg. H. Popp; 1 ³, 1 ♀, Dalmatie, v. Monochroaria Mn., g.prep 2239/2019 H. Rajaei; 1 ♀ , YU Dalmatien, Insel Lošinj, Veli Lošinj, 04.ix.1988, LF, leg. K. R. Beck; all in SMNS. 1 ³, [Ukraine], <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.39&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.39/lat 50.3)">Cherkasskaja obl.</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.39&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.39/lat 50.3)">Kanevskij nature reserve</a>, loc. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.39&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.3" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.39/lat 50.3)">Malij Pekarskij Jar</a>, [49.72 N, 31.52 E], 8.viii.1981, [leg] I. Kostjuk; 1 ³, [Ukraine], Kiev circ., Vita Pochtovaja [village], [50.30 N, 30.39 E], 29.v.1982, [leg] I. Kostjuk, gen. prep. 2254/2019 H. Rajaei; 1 ♀, [Ukraine], Chernigovskaja obl., Kozeletz distr., near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=30.79&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=51.03" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 30.79/lat 51.03)">Koropje</a> vill., pine forest, [51.03 N, 30.79 E], 19.viii.1984 [leg] I. Kostjuk; 3 ♀ , [Ukraine], Dnepropetrovskaja obl., Novomoskovskij distr., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=35.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=48.75" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 35.45/lat 48.75)">Andreevka</a> vill., oak forest, [48.75 N, 35.45 E], 20.vii.1986, [leg.] I. Kostjuk; 1 ♀ , same locality, 21.vii. 1986; 1 ♀, Ukraine, [<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=37.07&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.31" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 37.07/lat 47.31)">Zaporozhskaja obl.</a>], “Kamennije mogily” nature reserve, [47.31 N, 37.07 E], 2.vii.1999, [leg] A. Bidzilya; all in ZMKU .</p><p>Additional dots on the map referring to the examined material in the project “Geometrid moths of Europe” (Hausmann &amp; Viidalepp 2012: 363).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1903423BFFADD57025B84C11FD8DF93C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rajaei, Hossein;Gelbrecht, Jörg;Schulz, Nathalie;Hausmann, Axel	Rajaei, Hossein, Gelbrecht, Jörg, Schulz, Nathalie, Hausmann, Axel (2021): Minoa lutea Schwingenschuss, 1954 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae) recognized as bona species. Zootaxa 4903 (2): 255-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4903.2.5
1903423BFFADD57125B84807FA2EFA13.text	1903423BFFADD57125B84807FA2EFA13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minoa lutea Schwingenschuss 1954	<div><p>Minoa lutea Schwingenschuss, 1954 bona sp.</p><p>2 ³, Russland / Zentralasien, Sibirien: Republik Altai, Altai Mts. N 50°53’03’’, E85°50’36’’; 1050m, 26 km südlich Seminsky-Pass ( Wegstrecke) 12.vi.2012, leg. J. Gelbrecht &amp; E. Schwabe, g.preps 2240/2019 &amp; 2332 H. Rajaei (barcoding: SMNS _ Minoa _12); 1 ♀, 1 ³ , Russland / Zentralasien, Sibirien: Republik Altai, Altai Mts. N 50°22’32’’, E87°37’27’’; 1800m Aktasch, ca. 8 km NNW ( Wegstrecke) 17. &amp; 18.vi.2012, leg. J. Gelbrecht &amp; E. Schwabe, g.preps (♀) 2241/2019, (³) 2331/2020 H. Rajaei ( Barcoding: SMNS _ Minoa _11); 2 ³, 2 ♀, NE-Türkei, Prov. Erzurum, Dog. Karadeniz Daglari, Korga Dagi, Umg. Köprüköy bei Ispir, 1600 m, 03.-04.vi.2000, leg. J. Gelbrecht, T. Drechsel, R. Busse &amp; E. Schwabe, g.preps (³) 0046/2019 N. Schulz, (³) 1963/2016 H. Rajaei, (♀) 1964/2016 H. Rajaei, (♀) 2333/2020 H. Rajaei (Barcoding: SMNS _ Minoa _13); all in PCJG. 1 ³ , Georgia, Borjomi-Kharagauli NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.231&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.764526" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.231/lat 41.764526)">Borjomi District</a>, dry meadow and fields 2 km W Quabiskhevi, 920 m, 41°45’52,3’’N, 43°13’51,6’’E, 1.viii.2006, by day, D. Bartsch leg., g.prep 0049/2019 N. Schulz (Barcoding: SMNS _ Minoa _10); 1 ♀ , Georgia, Borjomi-Kharagauli NP, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.30083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=41.84194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.30083/lat 41.84194)">Borjomi District</a>, 1-3 km S/ W Likani, trail 1, Picea abies forest with clearings, at day, 1050-1200 m, 23.vii.2006, 41°50’31’’N, 43°18’03’’E, leg. D. Bartsch, g.prep 0050/2019 N. Schulz; 1 ³ , Armenia, Tavush prov., 1 km W Sarumpass, 1700 m, 40°52’37.2’’N 45°14’47.2’’E, 21.vii.2013, lighttrap, leg. D. Bartsch, g.prep 2258/2019 H. Rajaei; all in PCDB. 1 ³, [Russia], N. Caucasus, Pjatigorsk, [mt.] Beshtau, [44.08 N, 43.01 E], 15.vii.1992, leg. V. Tikhonov, gen. Prep. 2255/2019 H. Rajaei; 1 ³, Crimea, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=42.66&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.9" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 42.66/lat 43.9)">Bakhchisarajskij distr.</a>, Verkhorechje vill., [44.70 N, 33.94 E], 25.v.1986 leg. I. Kostjuk, g.prep. 2256/2019 H. Rajaei; 1 ³, [Russia], [N. Caucasus], Kislovodsk, 23.vii.1989, [43.90 N, 42.66 E], leg. V. Tikhonov, g.prep. 2257/2019 H. Rajaei; all in ZMKU .</p><p>Rest of the dots on the map referring to the examined material in the project “Geometrid moths of Europe, vol. 3: see page 363”.</p><p>MAP. Distribution pattern of Minoa murinata and M. lutea bona sp., based on Hausmann &amp; Viidalepp (2012: 363; modified).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1903423BFFADD57125B84807FA2EFA13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rajaei, Hossein;Gelbrecht, Jörg;Schulz, Nathalie;Hausmann, Axel	Rajaei, Hossein, Gelbrecht, Jörg, Schulz, Nathalie, Hausmann, Axel (2021): Minoa lutea Schwingenschuss, 1954 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae) recognized as bona species. Zootaxa 4903 (2): 255-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4903.2.5
1903423BFFACD57625B8492FFE68FC27.text	1903423BFFACD57625B8492FFE68FC27.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minoa murinata (Scopoli 1763)	<div><p>Minoa murinata (Scopoli, 1763)</p><p>Phalaena murinata Scopoli, 1763: Entomologia Carniolica: 229 (north-western Slovenja: Carniolia).</p><p>Phalaena Geometra sordiata Linnaeus, 1767: Systema Naturae (ed. 12). 1 (2): 871 (Portugal; ‘ Lusitania’), Syntype (s), in Collection of the Linnean Society London.</p><p>Phalaena fuscata Hufnagel, 1767: Berlinisches Magazin 4 (5): 524 (Germany: Berlin). Syntype (s), lost.</p><p>Geometra euphorbiata Denis &amp; Schiffermüller, 1775: Ankündung [sic!] eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wienergegend: 116 (Austria: Vienna district). Syntype (s), lost.</p><p>Phalaena Geometra unicolorata Hübner, 1787: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Schmetterlinge 1 (2): 15, pl. (2) 3, fig. L (type locality not indicated). Syntype (s), lost.</p><p>Phalaena griseata Schrank, 1802: Fauna boica 2 (2): 53 (Germany: Bavaria). Syntype (s). In Scoble (1999) listed under “un-placed species”.</p><p>Minoa murinata var. monochroaria Herrich-Schäffer, 1848: Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa 3 (31): 109 (Croatia: Dalmatia). Syntype (s). First available name after monochroaria Herrich-Schäffer, 1847: pl. 64, fig. 391 (nonbinominal). Validated at subspecies rank by Ebert (2001) and Hausmann &amp; Viidalepp (2012), but retained as a synonym by Scoble (1999) and Leraut (2009). Xue &amp; Scoble (2002) suggested that the populations from Dalmatia may be a separate species, but they recommended further study before accepting this taxonomic change. Herewith we regard this name as a synonym of Minoa murinata due to lack of significant and constant morphological differences (see the diagnostic part below).</p><p>Minoa cyparissaria Mann, 1854: Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 4: 568 (Croatia: Orechowitza near Rijeka, = Fiume; Gradischa). Syntypes, including at least 2 ³.</p><p>Acidalia italicata Millière, 1885: Annales de la Société entomologique de France (6) 5 (2): 113, pl. 2, fig. 1 (Italy: Acqui). Syntype (s) ♀.</p><p>Minoa murinata amylaria Prout, 1914: in Seitz, Die Spanner des Palaearktischen Faunengebietes 4: 167, replacing amylaria La Harpe, 1850 (Bull. Soc. Vaudoise 3: 60: infrasubspecific) (Switzerland: Alps). Syntype (s). Regarded as a synonym of Minoa murinata by Hausmann &amp; Viidalepp (2012).</p><p>Minoa murinata limburgia Lempke, 1969: Tijdschrift voor entomologie 112: 73 (Netherlands: Limbourg, Stein). Holotype ³ male (in ITZA). Regarded as a synonym of Minoa murinata by Hausmann &amp; Viidalepp (2012).</p><p>Unavailable name (infrasubspecific): cineraria (Staudinger, 1871)</p><p>Diagnosis. See the diagnosis part of Minoa lutea (below) (see more details in Hausmann &amp; Viidalepp, 2012).</p><p>Bionomy. According to Hausmann &amp; Viidalepp (2012), the larvae of Minoa murinata are monophagous, feeding exclusively on Euphorbia species. Living in dry open to semi-open habitats.</p><p>Behaviour. Diurnal activity. In few warm nights, very scarce single specimen observed at light. After disturbance, the individuals fly at low level in the habitats, where their hostplant ( Euphorbia spp.) occurs. They fly mostly flat above the vegetation at wind protected sites. Sometimes they also rest on the low growing shrubs.</p><p>Distribution. Minoa murinata is a Sub-Mediterranean species, distributed from southern England and the Pyrenees across southern central and eastern Europe (see map). The populations in Ukraine as well as in Russia need to be critically re-examined.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1903423BFFACD57625B8492FFE68FC27	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rajaei, Hossein;Gelbrecht, Jörg;Schulz, Nathalie;Hausmann, Axel	Rajaei, Hossein, Gelbrecht, Jörg, Schulz, Nathalie, Hausmann, Axel (2021): Minoa lutea Schwingenschuss, 1954 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae) recognized as bona species. Zootaxa 4903 (2): 255-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4903.2.5
1903423BFFABD57525B8480EFB8BFE0B.text	1903423BFFABD57525B8480EFB8BFE0B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minoa lutea Schwingenschuss 1954	<div><p>Minoa lutea Schwingenschuss, 1954 bona sp.</p><p>Minoa murinata form/ssp? lutea Schwingenschuss, 1954: Zeitschrift der Wiener entomologischen Gesellschaft 39 (6): 219 (Ukraine: Crimea; Caucasus: Tuapse). Syntypes, 2 ♀, most possibly lost (not existing in the Schwingenschuss collection, which is deposited in Museum Niederösterreich, St. Pölten). Regarded as a synonym of the subspecies M. murinata monochroaria by Hausmann &amp; Viidalepp (2012). Herewith we upgrade this taxon from synonymy to species level and regard it as a bona species (see below).</p><p>Diagnosis (characters of M. lutea are given in parenthesis).</p><p>Minoa lutea with wingspan 17-23 mm, forewing 11-15 mm (wingspan 16-22 mm, forewing 10-14 mm in M. murinata).</p><p>Minoa lutea with unicolorous light yellow wings in both sexes with low variation; underside of the forewings suffused with some grey scales (in M. murinata wings unicolorous, usually mouse grey with brown hue, variable from pale grey to dark grey, sometimes warm pale brown; underside of the wings like upperside; even the slightly lighter specimens from western Balkan Peninsula don’t have the same deep yellow coloration of the specimens from Caucasus, Transcaucasus and eastern Turkey) (see figs 3 ─13). In both species fringes concolorous, discal spots absent.</p><p>Clear-cut diagnostic characters could be found on the asymmetrical genitalia capsule and are strongly correlated with differences in the cornuti. Minoa lutea has a genitalia capsule with elongated sacculus; cornuti consist of a short main cornutus and 0 to 3 tiny cornuti ( M. murinata has a genitalia capsule with short sacculus; cornuti consist of single cornutus dagger-shaped and long, about half size of aedeagus) (see figs 14 ─21). In female genitalia, no diagnostic character was found between both species (see figs. 22 ─25).</p><p>DNA barcoding. There is a low mean genetic distance (0.8%) between the specimens of M. lutea (from northeast Turkey, Georgia and Russia) and specimens of M. murinata (from different European countries, including Spain). Minimum pairwise distance (BOLD aligner, pairwise distance model in BOLD gap analysis) is just 0.32% between both taxa, corresponding to two base pairs (see also fig. 2). In tree reconstructions, the COI haplotypes of M. lutea falls into the strongly variable haplotype pattern of M. murinata showing maximum pairwise distances of 3.45%. However, constant diagnostic characters on wings as described above, as well as on the male genitalia strongly support the treatment of the populations in Turkey, Transcaucasus and Caucasus as bona species. Similar cases of morphologically well-defined species which are BIN-sharing or even exactly haplotype-sharing are mentioned e.g. in Hausmann et al. (2013) or Müller et al. (2019). Such cases usually occur at a rate of 1-3% of regional faunas as shown in several studies (e.g. Hebert et al. 2010; Hausmann et al. 2013; Huemer &amp; Hebert 2016; Hausmann et al. 2020).</p><p>Bionomy. Larval stages and foodplants needs to be studied. In north-eastern Turkey, habitats are bushy, sunny and stony slopes along valleys in mountain areas at an altitude of about 1600 m. In Altai Mountains (Russia) habitats are wind-protected sites on meadows with species-rich vegetation and single trees or scrubs at an altitude of 1000- 1800 m. The species were rare in all habitats and only very few specimen could be found after extensive search .</p><p>Behaviour. Diurnal activity. After disturbance, the individuals escape quickly (much faster than M. murinata), and they fly several meters high, over the tall shrubs. Thus, it is more difficult to catch them by a net (compared to M. murinata).</p><p>Distribution. M. lutea is a pontic species, recorded in eastern Turkey, Crimea, Caucasus and Transcaucasia. Most probably this species is distributed also in north-western Iran. The populations in central and southern Russia (see Beljaev &amp; Mironov 2019) and Central Asia need to be re-examined based on male genitalia structure. Two examined populations from the Altai belong to M. lutea (see figs 11, 20─21 &amp; 24).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1903423BFFABD57525B8480EFB8BFE0B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rajaei, Hossein;Gelbrecht, Jörg;Schulz, Nathalie;Hausmann, Axel	Rajaei, Hossein, Gelbrecht, Jörg, Schulz, Nathalie, Hausmann, Axel (2021): Minoa lutea Schwingenschuss, 1954 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Larentiinae) recognized as bona species. Zootaxa 4903 (2): 255-264, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4903.2.5
