identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
91D0117152E3A298ECDFDB44ECE8F865.text	91D0117152E3A298ECDFDB44ECE8F865.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paratettigarcta	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Tettigarctidae</p><p>Paratettigarcta gen. n.</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Paratettigarcta zealandica new species, designated herein (Figs 3, 4). No other species are currently included in the genus.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Paratettigarcta is most similar in hindwing venation to that of Eotettigarcta Zeuner, 1944 from the Paleocene of the United Kingdom ( Eotettigarcta is known only from a partial hindwing) but differs in its more parallel-sided subcostal cell (the most anterior of the distal cells) where RA lies parallel to Sc for most of its length rather than gradually diverging, and in the branching of vein M where M1 branches before M3 (after in Eotettigarcta). There are also similarities in the forewing of Paratettigarcta with extant Tettigarcta from which Paratettigarcta differs in the early divergence of CuA2 from the nodal line in the forewing (late divergence in Tettigarcta). The hindwing of Paratettigarcta is quite different from that of Tettigarcta, especially in the apical cells that are much longer than those of Tettigarcta, in particular the anterior most cell (subcostal cell) that is wide and extended far beyond crossvein r (narrow and only a little extended beyond r in Tettigarcta). Further, Paratettigarcta has pigmented wing patterns not unlike those present in Eotettigarcta (and some other fossil Tettigarctidae) but such patterns are absent in extant Tettigarcta .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Forewing veins R and M branched close to base of forewing so that ulnar cells u1-u3 and medial cell are long and narrow; vein CuA strongly bowed before branching. Nodal line clearly defined and departing the extremity of vein CuA2. Crossvein r-m nearly straight, steeply angled to RP and M1; m gently bowed, almost perpendicular to M2 and M3; m-cu strongly bowed, meeting M4 nearly perpendicularly and meeting CuA1 at a steep angle. Hindwing apical cells tending long and narrow, a1 almost as long as a2 so that crossvein r meets RA within its proximal quarter; Sc and RA wide apart, almost as wide as width of apical cell 1.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The genus name is a combination of para (Latin from Greek, meaning “near”) and the extant genus-group name Tettigarcta .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/91D0117152E3A298ECDFDB44ECE8F865	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kaulfuss, Uwe;Moulds, Max	Kaulfuss, Uwe, Moulds, Max (2015): A new genus and species of tettigarctid cicada from the early Miocene of New Zealand: Paratettigarctazealandica (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Tettigarctidae). ZooKeys 484: 83-94, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.484.8883, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.484.8883
890E630EBD1696DE2FA0F8613CECBA4E.text	890E630EBD1696DE2FA0F8613CECBA4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paratettigarcta zealandica	<div><p>Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Tettigarctidae</p><p>Paratettigarcta zealandica sp. n. Figs 3, 4</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Paratettigarcta zealandica sp. n. differs from other Tettigarctidae by the attributes discussed in the generic diagnosis above. In particular the forewing of Paratettigarcta zealandica, that is remarkably similar to extant Tettigarcta crinita Distant, 1883 (Fig. 2) and Tettigarcta tomentosa White, 1845 (the only described species of Tettigarcta), differs as follows: (a) forewing crossvein m gently bowed and almost perpendicular to M2 and M3 rather than steeply angled and broadly ‘S’ -shaped; (b) forewing crossvein m-cu strongly bowed rather than nearly straight; (c) hindwing apical cells long and narrow, much longer than those of extant Tettigarcta (compare Figs 2 and 4).</p><p>Description .</p><p>Holotype. Forewing similar to extant Tettigarcta in size, shape and venation (compare Figs 2, 4). Impression 24.3 mm maximum length by 10.2 mm maximum width. Bearing dark pigmented transverse bands, one near the wing base, one following the nodal line between costa and M3+4, one following the bases of apical cells, and one along apical margin. Nodal line strongly defined; CuA strongly bowed before forking at nodal line; crossvein r-m nearly straight and angled to both RP and M1; crossvein m gently bowed, nearly perpendicular to M2 and M3; crossvein m-cu strongly bowed, meeting M4 nearly perpendicularly, meeting CuA1 at a steep angle. Hindwing impression 19.5 mm maximum length by 7.3 mm maximum width. Bearing dark bands, one from near coupling lobe to at least crossvein m-cu, and a dark streak behind M stem. Marginal membrane well developed but not exceedingly broad. Crossvein r nearly straight and angled to both RA and RP; crossvein r-m nearly straight and steeply angled to both RP and M; crossvein m-cu straight and angled to both M3 and CuA1.</p><p>Type-specimen.</p><p>Holotype OU45476, hind and forewing from lacustrine mudstones at Hindon Maar (early Miocene; I44/f0392 in the New Zealand Fossil Record File), Waipiata Volcanic Field, 10 km N of Outram, Otago, southern New Zealand; deposited in the Department of Geology, University of Otago.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The species name refers to New Zealand, where this species was distributed in the Miocene.</p><p>Comments.</p><p>Paratettigarcta zealandica gen. et sp. n. appears closest to Eotettigarcta scotica based on the hindwing venation (the latter known only from a partial hindwing). In particular Sc and RA are widely separated, and it is likely that the apical cells are of similar length with a1 being almost as long as a2. If that is so then Paratettigarcta is best placed in the tribe Protabanini of the subfamily Tettigarctinae, family Tettigarctidae, following the classification of Shcherbakov (2009). At around 23-16 Ma this would make Paratettigarcta zealandica the youngest known Tettigarctidae fossil, the next youngest at 44 Ma being an undescribed Tettigarctinae tentatively placed in the tribe Tettigarctini (Wappler 2003, Shcherbakov 2009).</p><p>The forewing venation of Paratettigarcta zealandica shows a clear affinity with that of extant species of Tettigarcta of which there are only two closely related species, Tettigarcta crinita and Tettigarcta tomentosa (Moulds 1990). The overall branching of veins and therefore cell proportions are remarkably similar (compare Figs 2, 4). This confirms the placement of Paratettigarcta zealandica in the subfamily Tettigarctinae and similar dark wing patterns are found in some extinct genera of this subfamily (e.g. Liassocicada Bode, 1953).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/890E630EBD1696DE2FA0F8613CECBA4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kaulfuss, Uwe;Moulds, Max	Kaulfuss, Uwe, Moulds, Max (2015): A new genus and species of tettigarctid cicada from the early Miocene of New Zealand: Paratettigarctazealandica (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Tettigarctidae). ZooKeys 484: 83-94, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.484.8883, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.484.8883
