taxonID	type	description	language	source
187087F97F0FFFC8FEECF8BAFAD0FCE4.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 A)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0FFFC8FEECF8BAFAD0FCE4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Syntype MNHN IM- 2000 - 20012 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Makawao (partie Est de Maui); Oahu; Molokai; Hawaii; vallée d’Iao, Maui; Kaupakalua, Maui ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0FFFC8FEECF8BAFAD0FCE4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The MNHN specimen is from Kaupakalua, according to the labels associated with the specimen (variously spelled). One label also identifies it as a “ Cotype ”. Cooke (in Pilsbry & Cooke 1916 [in 1914 - 1916]: 263, pl. 55, fig. 1) “ selected the Makawao lot (no. 18500 Bishop Mus.) as the type (p. 55, fig. 1) ” and illustrated one of the specimens from this lot. However, because this lot contains more than one specimen and the figure legend does not identify the shell figured as the “ type ”, this selection cannot be considered a lectotype designation, even if that was Cooke’s intent. BPBM 41252 has been separated from BPBM 18500 and is labelled as a lectotype, but this designation has never been published (see also Wood & Gallichan 2008: 35, 36). The species was not listed by Fischer- Piette (1950: 170 - 171). Ancey’s illustrations are not detailed enough to identify the MNHN specimen as that figured. No lectotype is here selected, pending further research in other museums (BPBM, MCZ, NMW, IRSNB) holding type or possible type material (Wood & Gallichan 2008: 35).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFCBFC41FA18F9CDFD84.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 D)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFCBFC41FA18F9CDFD84.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30807. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ îles Hawaï ” (from article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFCBFC41FA18F9CDFD84.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was explicitly based on more than one specimen: “ habituellement sénestre, rarement dextre ”; “ Coloration générale blanchâtre, ou d’un jaune de paille clair ”; and “ quelques exemplaires ”. However, Fischer-Piette (1950: 71, pl. 14, fig. 8) listed and figured a single specimen as the “ Holotype ”. Johnson (1994: 12) referred to Fischer- Piette (1950: 71) as having identified the “ Holotype ” but also noted “ paratypes ” (MCZ 45155). Neither listing constitutes a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). The illustrations of Pease are not detailed but both Pease and Fischer-Piette gave the shell’s size as 6 mm, which is very close to the actual dimension of the specimen in MNHN IM- 2000 - 30807. A label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with this specimen and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, says “ Holotype ”, and this and two other labels state that it is the specimen figured. It is therefore here designated as the lectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFC8FED6FCBEFA54F939.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 B)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFC8FED6FCBEFA54F939.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (Fischer-Piette 1950: 73, pl. 4, fig. 54) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30805. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Molokai ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFC8FED6FCBEFA54F939.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was based on more than one specimen: “ une bande blanchâtre […] qui est habituellement [usually] bordée […] par une ligne d’un brun rougeâtre ” and “ Elle […] présente souvent [often] […] une angulation particulière ”; and specimens were noted as being in the collections of both Pease and Crosse. A single specimen was noted as “ Exemplaire-type ” and illustrated by Fischer-Piette (1950: 73, 180, pl. 4, fig. 54). This usage is here treated as a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). The specimen is the single specimen in MNHN IM- 2000 - 30805, and a label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with this specimen and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, says “ type ”, as does an earlier label, and another states that it is the specimen figured. Johnson (1994: 9) listed this specimen as the “ Holotype ”, while also listing “ paratypes ” (MCZ 25826, 25828).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFC8FED5F8FAFDA3FA5A.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 C)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFC8FED5F8FAFDA3FA5A.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Possible syntypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30806 (4 spms, Fig. 1 C). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Les îles Sandwich ” (Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, as the genus is endemic to Oahu).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0EFFC8FED5F8FAFDA3FA5A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The name decora is available by indication (ICZN 1999, art. 12.2.7) as Férussac provided bibliographic reference to illustrations (apertural and abapertural views of a sinistral shell) of Turbo lugubris sinistrorsus (unavailable name) by Chemnitz (1795: pl. 213, figs 3014, 3015), whose work was rejected for nomenclatural purposes as it did not consistently apply binominal nomenclature (Opinion 184; Direction 1; ICZN 1999, art. 11.4, 11.5). No other specimens were mentioned. The specimen was from Spengler (“ Ex Museo Spengleriano ”), bought by Spengler in London (Chemnitz 1795: 307). Pilsbry & Cooke (1914 [in 1912 - 1914]: 333) stated that “ The type of A. decora in the Spengler collection was probably brought to London by the expedition of Captain Dixon ”; and based on extensive material they considered the species to be sinistral. Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825: 478) stated that his material, which derived from the Freycinet expedition, differed from Spengler’s specimen in its colour and banding. Whether Férussac had the present four MNHN specimens (one of them is dextral) at hand when he listed the species in 1821 is not known (there are no Férussac collection labels with the specimens); nor is it known for sure whether the MNHN specimens are those from the Freycinet expedition. They are indeed very different in shell colour and banding from Spengler’s specimen (Fig. 1 C). However, the collection labels do indicate that the specimens were in the Deshayes (and therefore possibly Férussac) collection. The species was treated and illustrated by Deshayes (1851: 191, 192, pl. 155, figs 5 - 7), but the specimens do not closely match his illustrations. They are here considered only to be possible syntypes.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0DFFCBFED2FD5EFDBDFE25.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 E) Helix lorata Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825: 479, pl. 68, figs 8 - 12.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0DFFCBFED2FD5EFDBDFE25.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30808; paralectotype: MNHN IM- 2000 - 30809 (1 spm). NON- TYPE MATERIAL. — MNHN IM- 2000 - 37356 (4 spms). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ les îles Sandwich ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0DFFCBFED2FD5EFDBDFE25.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The text of Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825: 479, 480) refers to pl. 65, in error (on p. 479), as well as to pl. 68, which is the correct plate (on p. 480). MNHN IM- 2000 - 30808 closely matches Férussac’s fig. 12 and has been considered to be the figured specimen, according to the label, and the original lot from which it was separated. MNHN IM- 2000 - 30809 has a typical black-bordered Férussac collection label associated with it and is similar to his figs 8 and 9, although it is perhaps not the figured specimen. The species is extremely variable in the amount of banding on the shell, but Pilsbry & Cooke (1914 [in 1912 - 1914]: 279) took Férussac’s figs 10 and 11 to represent the “ typical pattern ”. In the absence of specimens of this typical pattern we here designate MNHN IM- 2000 - 30808 as the lectotype; MNHN IM- 20000 - 30809 is a paralectotype. The species was treated and illustrated by Deshayes (1851: 193, 194, pl. 155, figs 9 - 11). The main modern label of MNHN IM- 2012 - 37356 identifies the specimens as syntypes of Helix lorata. However, the older labels, both dated 1837 (after Férussac’s death), identify them as Achatinella producta Reeve, 1850, though one of them also says “ Helix (Helicteres) lorata var.? ” and has an additional label stuck to it also saying “ lorata var.? ”. The modern identification of this lot as H. lorata is considered incorrect as the specimens match the original illustration of A. producta of Reeve (1850 [in 1849 - 1851]: pl. 2, fig. 13) quite closely, although they are slightly broader; they also match the illustrations of A. producta of Pilsbry & Cooke (1914: pl. 38, figs 7 - 13, pl. 43, figs 10 - 10 b), especially their pl. 38, fig. 9. Reeve’s material was from the Cuming collection and described in 1850, whereas the MNHN labels indicate that the material was in Férussac’s collection, and with the date 1837. There is no earlier label suggesting that Férussac considered these specimens to be H lorata. We therefore do not consider these specimens to be type material of either H. lorata Férussac or of A. producta Reeve. They are discussed here simply to preclude confusion regarding their type status.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0DFFCAFC35FDFEFA9FFE85.taxon	description	(Fig. 1 F)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0DFFCAFC35FDFEFA9FFE85.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Possible syntypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30811 (4 spms), MNHN IM 2000 - 30810 (2 spms, Fig. 1 F). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Les îles Sandwich ” (Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, as the genus is endemic to Oahu).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0DFFCAFC35FDFEFA9FFE85.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The name lugubris is available from Férussac (1821 a: 60) by indication (ICZN 1999, art. 12.2.7) as Férussac provided bibliographic references to illustrations (apertural and abapertural views of a sinistral shell) of Turbo lugubris (unavailable) by Chemnitz (1795: pl. 209, figs 2059, 2060) and to an illustration of “ Turbo apex fulva ” by Dixon (1789: 354, fig. 1). The two specimens illustrated are therefore syntypes. No other specimens were mentioned. Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825: 479) provided a description but no illustrations. The specimen illustrated by Chemnitz was from Spengler (“ Ex Museo Spengleriano ”), who had obtained it in London (Chemnitz 1795: 278) and it may have been derived from Dixon’s material (Pilsbry & Cooke 1914 [in 1912 - 1914]: 321). The two specimens in MNHN IM- 2000 - 30810 have holes in them that indicate that they were used to make necklaces or other ornamentation, as described by Dixon (1789: 354) and Chemnitz (1795: 278) but not noted by the Freycinet expedition (Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard 1825: 479), suggesting that the MNHN specimens may also have been part of Dixon’s material, which was from a necklace. A typical black-bordered Férussac collection label is associated with them. The four specimens in MNHN IM- 2000 - 30811 do not have holes, but a label associated with them says “ Coll. Férussac 1837 ” (Férussac died in 1836, Coan & Kabat 2014: 331), the date perhaps referring to when the catalogue of Férussac’s collection was being put together (Tomlin 1944: 71); the specimens may well therefore have been from the Freycinet expedition. Whether Férussac had any of these six specimens in hand when he wrote the original description is not known. All six specimens are considered here as possible syntypes only. The species was treated and illustrated by Deshayes (1851: 194 - 195, pl. 155, fig. 8), but the MNHN specimens do not closely match his illustrations.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFEE9FB18FBC5FCBB.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 B)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFEE9FB18FBC5FCBB.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30813 (Fig. 2 B); paralectotype MNHN IM- 2000 - 31702 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ îles Hawaï ” (from article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFEE9FB18FBC5FCBB.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was based on more than one specimen: “ toujours dextre ”, and a distinct variety was noted. Fischer- Piette (1950: 71) listed but did not figure the “ Holotype, 10 mm ” and noted four other specimens (not referred to as paratypes) of the same size, without explicitly selecting one specimen as the “ holotype ”. Johnson (1994: 21) referred to Fischer-Piette’s listing, noting the “ Holotype ” and the additional four specimens as “ paratypes ”, and listed additional paratypes (MCZ 161609). Neither case constitutes a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). Pease’s illustrations are not detailed and the shells are coloured uniformly yellowish with a white aperture, corresponding to the “ variété jaunâtre ” (Pease 1868: 347), whereas the main description states that the shells are white with a transverse greenish band and a brownish lip. Pilsbry & Cooke (1915 [in 1914 - 1916]: 84) discussed this apparent conflict in the context of Pease’s collection at the MCZ and specimens presented to ANSP. Two of the MNHN shells correspond to the main description (perhaps somewhat faded), while three seem to be the “ variété jaunâtre ”. A label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with the original lot and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, says “ Holotype + 4 sp. ”, the former presumably being the one in a separate vial (MNHN IM- 2000 - 30812), which matches the figure of Pease (1868: pl. 14, fig. 6). However, the reference to a distinct variety excluded the specimens corresponding to the “ variété jaunâtre ” (the three specimens indicated above) from the type series of pulchra (ICZN 1999, art. 72.4.1), these being MNHN IM- 2000 - 30812 (Fischer-Piette’s “ Holotype ”) and MNHN IM- 2000 - 31703 (the other two specimens) and having no type status. We here designate the undamaged of the two specimens that correspond to the main description as the lectotype; the other specimen (with a damaged lip) is a paralectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFC4EFC7FFBE6F83F.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 C)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFC4EFC7FFBE6F83F.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30814; paralectotypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30815 (2 spms). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ In insula Maui ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFC4EFC7FFBE6F83F.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was based on more than one specimen, as two specimens were illustrated and the colour was described as being yellow or brown and the shells as indifferently dextral or sinistral. Fischer-Piette (1950: 71) noted the two specimens figured as being in the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie but did not refer to either as type material. Johnson (1994: 27) simply referenced Fischer- Piette’s statement, treating the two figured specimens as syntypes, while also noting additional syntypes (MCZ 159563, MCZ 161636). The original MNHN lot consisted of two intact specimens (a third specimen was represented only by a broken apertural fragment). The two intact specimens, although paler in colour (perhaps faded), match the original illustrations well, one with a brown band (Pease 1868: pl. 14, fig. 7) and one without (fig. 7 a), and a label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with the original lot and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, indicates that they are the specimens figured by Pease. The sinistral specimen with the brown band, as described by Pease (1868: 345), is here separated from the original lot and designated as the lectotype; the other illustrated specimen and the fragment are paralectotypes.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFF16FE5DF922FB5A.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 A)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFF16FE5DF922FB5A.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Syntype MNHN IM- 2000 - 20013 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Kaupakalua, Maui, Keanae, également dans l’île de Maui: Tantalus, près Honolulu, Oahu ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F0CFFCAFF16FE5DF922FB5A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was based on more than one specimen, as it listed multiple localities and mentioned both adults and young individuals. The species was not listed by Fischer-Piette (1950: 170, 171). The figures of Ancey (1904) are not detailed but are a reasonable match to the single specimen in MNHN IM- 2000 - 20013, but no lectotype is here designated, pending further research in other museums (BPBM, MCZ, NMW, IRSNB) holding type or possible type material (Wood & Gallichan 2008: 61, 62). One label says “ Ancey 1907 ”, which suggests the specimen may have been received from Ancey by MNHN after publication of the description.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F03FFC5FEDBFA79FC04F978.taxon	description	(Fig. 2 D) Helix vulpina Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825: 477, pl. 68, figs 13, 14.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F03FFC5FEDBFA79FC04F978.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Syntype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30816 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ les îles Sandwich ” (Oahu, Hawaiian Islands, as the genus is endemic to Oahu).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F03FFC5FEDBFA79FC04F978.taxon	discussion	REMARKS MNHN IM- 2000 - 30816, though similar, does not match either of the shells illustrated by Quoy & Gaimard (1825: pl. 68, figs 13, 14), being paler and more uniform in colour and differing subtly in shape. Labels associated with the specimen, including a black-bordered one typical of the Férussac collection, nonetheless indicate that it was part of the Férussac collection and it is therefore here considered a syntype. The species was treated and illustrated by Deshayes (1851: 193, pl. 155, figs 1, 2) and the shell is a close match in size and shape for that in his fig. 2, but is considerably smaller than that in his fig. 1.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F03FFC4FC3AF8FAF921FB1A.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 A)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F03FFC4FC3AF8FAF921FB1A.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30817. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ l’île de Kauai (îles Hawaii) ” (from article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F03FFC4FC3AF8FAF921FB1A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS This species was described by Pease as a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicteres, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Leptachatina (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was not explicitly based on only a single specimen but neither does it imply the existence of syntypes. Crosse (1876: pl. 3, fig. 6) illustrated a single specimen, presumably one of the two “ exemplaires typiques ” [typical examples] in the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie (Crosse 1876: 98). Fischer-Piette (1950: 149) listed the specimen illustrated by Crosse as an “ Exemplaire figuré ”, also not treating it explicitly as a type. Johnson (1994: 26) referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Holotype ”; he did not mention additional type specimens. Johnson’s treatment did not constitute a lectotype fixation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). Despite Crosse’s statement that there were two specimens in the collection, there is now only one specimen in this lot. The labels associated with this specimen indicate that it is the specimen illustrated by Crosse (1876: pl. 3, fig. 6) and that it was received from Pease in 1869; and although the figures are not detailed and the shell is rather featureless and broken into two fragments, it is nonetheless here designated as the lectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC4FC38FD9EFCF3F9F9.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 C)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC4FC38FD9EFCF3F9F9.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (Fischer-Piette 1950: 72) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30819; paralectotype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30820 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Ins. Kauai ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC4FC38FD9EFCF3F9F9.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was explicitly based on specimens in the collections of both Pease and Crosse, and noted that the shells had a variable number of whorls (“ cinq à six ”). Cooke (in Hyatt & Pilsbry 1910 [in 1910 - 1911]: 24, pl. 8, fig. 54) illustrated a “ Cotype ” (ANSP 57802). Fischer-Piette (1950: 72) listed an “ Exemplaire-type ” and a “ paratype ” (now MNHN IM- 2000 - 30819 and MNHN IM- 2000 - 30820, respectively) as well as the “ paratype ” of Cooke, which is here treated as designation of a lectotype and paralectotypes (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). The two MNHN specimens are 7.7 mm (lectotype) and 7.1 mm (paralectotype) in height, almost the exact measurements of the “ Exemplaire-type ” and “ paratype ”, respectively, of Fischer-Piette. A label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with these specimens and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, says “ type + paratype ”. Johnson (1994: 8) referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Measured holotype and paratype ”, and noted Cooke’s “ paratype ” as well as additional “ paratypes ” (MCZ 45195).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC4FEE4FAD8FCFCFDC4.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 B)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC4FEE4FAD8FCFCFDC4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30818. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ l’île de Kauai (îles Hawaii) ” (from article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC4FEE4FAD8FCFCFDC4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Considered by Pease as a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicteres, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Leptachatina (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was not explicitly based on only a single specimen but neither does it imply the existence of syntypes. Fischer-Piette (1950: 149) listed the specimen illustrated by Crosse as “ Exemplaire figuré ”, not treating it explicitly as a type. Johnson (1994: 26) simply referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Holotype ”, while also noting additional “ paratypes ” (MCZ 142986). Johnson’s treatment did not constitute a lectotype fixation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). The single specimen is a reasonable match for that illustrated by Crosse (1876: pl. 4, fig. 4), although the white sutural bands in that illustration appear quite exaggerated; the labels associated with the specimen state that it is the specimen illustrated by Crosse and that it was received from Pease in 1869. It is therefore here designated as the lectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC6FC3FF9B9F9F3FDE4.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 D)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC6FC3FF9B9F9F3FDE4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30821. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ l’île de Kauai (îles Hawaii) ” (in article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F02FFC6FC3FF9B9F9F3FDE4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Considered by Pease as a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicteres, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Leptachatina (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was implicitly based on multiple specimens: “ Coloration jaunâtre et devenant habituellement pourprée près de la suture ”. Fischer-Piette (1950: 149) noted the illustration of Crosse and listed a “ Holotype ” (no doubt the specimen illustrated by Crosse, though this was not stated explicitly). Johnson (1994: 10) simply referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement, while also noting an additional “ paratype ” (MCZ 45191). Neither statement constitutes a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). The single MNHN specimen matches Crosse’s illustration reasonably well, and a label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with the specimen and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, says “ Holotype ”, and this and two other labels state that it is the figured specimen, one indicating that it was received from Pease in 1869. It is here designated as the lectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FEE6FDBEFB1BF9B8.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 E)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FEE6FDBEFB1BF9B8.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (Fischer-Piette 1950: 72) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30822; paralectotype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30823 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Ins. Kauai ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FEE6FDBEFB1BF9B8.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was explicitly based on specimens in the collections of both Pease and Crosse. A “ cotype ” in ANSP was illustrated by Cooke (in Hyatt & Pilsbry 1910 [in 1910 - 1911]: 19, pl. 8, figs 63, 64). Fischer-Piette (1950: 72) noted an “ Exemplaire-type (8.2 mm) ” and a “ paratype de 7 mm ” (nowMNHN IM- 2000 - 30822 and MNHN IM- 2000 - 30823, respectively), and in reference to the ANSP “ paratype ” already illustrated (by Cooke) stated that it would not be useful to illustrate “ le type ” (i. e. the “ exemplaire-type ”). This constitutes a valid lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). A label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie and written at the time of Fischer-Piette says “ type + paratype ”, and an earlier label says “ type ”. There were two intact specimens in the original MNHN lot (i. e. lectotype and paralectotype), but also a broken specimen that was not mentioned by Fischer-Piette; this specimen is also considered a paralectotype. Johnson (1994: 11) selected the ANSP specimen (ANSP 57806) as lectotype, noting the MNHN specimens as paralectotypes; this designation is not valid as it is here considered that the earlier designation of Fischer-Piette was valid.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FECEF979FC61FDA4.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 F)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FECEF979FC61FDA4.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (Fischer-Piette 1950: 73, pl. 4, fig. 53) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30824. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Maui ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FECEF979FC61FDA4.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was explicitly based on specimens in the collections of both Pease and Crosse, as well as noting that the shells were variously coloured (“ d’un jaune paille, rougeâtre clair ou brunâtre ”). Fischer-Piette (1950: 73, pl. 4, fig. 53) noted and illustrated a measured “ Exemplaire-type ”, thereby designating a lectotype, though not mentioning other specimens (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). A label associated with the specimen indicates that it was received from Pease in 1868. Johnson (1994: 26) referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Holotype ”, while also noting additional “ paratypes ”, i. e. paralectotypes (MCZ 23338).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FC32FD7EFC54F918.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 G) Helix gravida Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825: 478, pl. 68, figs 4, 5. CURRENT TAXONOMIC STATUS. — Amastrinae, Laminella Pfeiffer, 1854. Valid species.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FC32FD7EFC54F918.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30825; paralectotype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30826 (1 spm); possible paralectotype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30827 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ les îles Sandwich ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC6FC32FD7EFC54F918.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The species was not listed by Férussac (1821 a, b). A typical black bordered Férussac collection label is associated with the original lot. The larger of the two specimens in the original lot matches that illustrated by Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825, pl. 68, figs 4, 5) exactly in shell height and is here designated as the lectotype (although the illustration lacks the distinct repair scar on the body whorl); the other specimen is a paralectotype. The species was treated and illustrated by Deshayes (1851: 192, 193, pl. 155, fig. 3). Labels incorrectly give the locality as the Mariana Islands because Laminella (and indeed the family Amastridae) is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. A label associated with MNHN IM- 2000 - 30827 says “ Coll. Férussac. 1837 ”, indicating that it was in the Férussac collection (the date perhaps referring to when Férussac’s collection was catalogued after his death in 1836). This label also identifies it as Achatinella straminea Reeve, 1850 (in 1849 - 1851: pl. 5, fig. 38), and a “ var ” of gravida, although Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825: 478) did not mention a variety.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC1FC51F8DAFA05FE25.taxon	description	(Fig. 3 H)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC1FC51F8DAFA05FE25.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Possible syntypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30133 (6 spms; Fig. 3 H). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Ohia valley, near Kaluaaha. Island of Molokai ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F00FFC1FC51F8DAFA05FE25.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was based on multiple specimens. One label shows that the shells were received from Baldwin. Whether they are syntypes or just representative specimens is not possible to ascertain at present.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FED5FDFEFB19F8D8.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 A)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FED5FDFEFB19F8D8.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30828. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ l’île de Kauai (îles Hawaii) ” (from article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FED5FDFEFB19F8D8.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Considered by Pease as a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicteres, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Leptachatina (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was not explicitly based on only a single specimen but neither does it imply the existence of syntypes. The species was illustrated by Crosse (1876: 97, pl. 4, fig. 6), who indicated that there were two “ individus typiques ” in the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie. Fischer-Piette (1950: 149) noted the specimen illustrated by Crosse and listed a measured “ Holotype ” (not explicitly the specimen illustrated by Crosse). Johnson (1994: 16) simply referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement, while also noting additional “ paratypes ” (MCZ 45173). Neither of these listings constitutes a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). Despite Crosse’s statement that there were two specimens in the collection, there is now only one specimen in the MNHN lot. A label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with the specimen and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, says “ Holotype ”, and this and two other labels indicate that the specimen is that illustrated by Crosse (1876: pl. 4, fig. 6), one indicating that it was received from Pease in 1869. Although the figures are not detailed, and the shell is rather featureless, the shell in MNHN IM- 2000 - 30828 is here designated as the lectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FED6F89AFC97FC3A.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 B)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FED6F89AFC97FC3A.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype (monotypy) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30829. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ probable qu’elle vient des îles Mariannes ” (probably came from the Mariana Islands; error, correctly the Hawaiian Islands).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FED6F89AFC97FC3A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825: 480) stated “ Elle a été trouvée par M. Gaudichaud. II est probable qu’elle vient des îles Mariannes. Nous n’avons vu qu’un exemplaire ”. The holotype was thus fixed by monotypy (ICZN 1999, art. 73.1.2). The labels of MNHN IM- 2000 - 30829, one of which is a black-bordered label typical of the Férussac collection, indicate that the single specimen was received from “ Gaudicho ”, confirming that it was obtained by the Freycinet expedition, as Gaudichaud served as botanist on the voyage. This Férussac label also gives the Iles Mariannes as the locality. However, as an amastrid, a family endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, it could not have come from the Mariana Islands, and was no doubt obtained during the expedition’s time in the Hawaiian Islands in 1819 (Freycinet 1839: 518). The specimen closely matches that treated and illustrated by Deshayes (1851: 195, pl. 155, fig. 12). It is therefore considered here to be the holotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FC45FBFFFD19F838.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 C)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FC45FBFFFD19F838.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (Fischer-Piette 1950: 73, pl. 4, fig. 52) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30830. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Ins. Kauai ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F07FFC1FC45FBFFFD19F838.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was explicitly based on specimens in the collections of both Pease and Crosse. Cooke (in Hyatt & Pilsbry 1910 [in 1910 - 1911]: 50, 51, pl. 8, figs 47, 48) mentioned “ specimens (probably the types) […] belonging to Pease’s own collection, which is now at the Museum of Comparative Zoology ”, and illustrated one of his own specimens. Fischer- Piette (1950: 73, pl. 4, fig. 52) noted Cooke’s illustrated specimen and illustrated his own measured “ Exemplairetype ”, which is here treated as a valid lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). A label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with the specimen and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, says “ type ”, and another label indicates that it is that illustrated by Fischer-Piette (1950: pl. 4, fig. 52), which indeed it is. Johnson (1994: 198) referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Measured holotype ”, and noted additional “ paratypes ” (MCZ 45181).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC0FF2EFA39FD89FE04.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Paralectotypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30833 (2 spms, 1 of which in fragments). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ [Waimea] Kauai ” [sic].	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC0FF2EFA39FD89FE04.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Considered by Pease as a variety of a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicteres, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Amastra (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was not explicitly based on only a single specimen but neither does it imply the existence of syntypes. The species was not listed by Fischer-Piette (1950: 149, 150). A lectotype (MCZ 45253) was validly designated and illustrated by Johnson (1994: 24, pl. 2, fig. 11), who also listed paralectotypes (MCZ 58936, MCZ 298498), and restricted the type locality as above. A label associated with the MNHN specimens indicates that they were received from Pease in 1869, and they are here treated as paralectotypes.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC0FC2FFDDDFCA0FA7A.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 E)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC0FC2FFDDDFCA0FA7A.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (Fischer-Piette 1950: 73) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30834; paralectotype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30835 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Ins. Hawaii ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC0FC2FFDDDFCA0FA7A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was explicitly based on specimens in the collections of both Pease and Crosse, and noted multiple “ individus ” and “ suture quelquefois [sometimes] étroitement bordée ”. Cooke (in Hyatt & Pilsbry 1910 [in 1910 - 1911]: 38, pl. 1, figs. 8, 9) noted two specimens presented by Pease to ANSP and illustrated one of them (ANSP 57821) but did not mention the type status of either. Fischer-Piette (1950: 73) noted an “ Exemplaire-type ” and a “ paratype ” (said to measure 7.5 and 7.0 mm, respectively, both values slightly greater than the actual sizes of 7.3 and 6.6 mm), thereby designating a lectotype (see introductory text regarding lectotypes), though without illustrating it. The two specimens are now MNHN IM- 2000 - 30834 and MNHN IM- 2000 - 30835, respectively. Johnson (1994: 24) referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Holotype ”; he also listed the above ANSP specimen as a “ paratype ”, and mentioned additional paratypes (MCZ 45176).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC2FC26FA39FA9CFDE5.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 F)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC2FC26FA39FA9CFDE5.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Syntype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30836 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ ins. Oahu ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC2FC26FA39FA9CFDE5.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was explicitly based on specimens in the collections of both Pease and Crosse. Pilsbry & Cooke (1915 [in 1914 - 1916]: 28, 29, 31, pl. 7, figs 1 - 3) treated a single lot in the MCZ as the “ type lot ”. It contained four specimens, which they referred to three species: Amastra (Metamastra) textilis (Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) (not figured by Pilsbry & Cooke 1915 [in 1914 - 1916]), Amastra (Amastrella) decorticata Gulick in Gulick & Smith 1873 (figured by Pilsbry & Cooke 1915 [in 1914 - 1916]: pl. 7, fig. 1) and Amastra (Metamastra) subrostrata (Pfeiffer, 1859) (2 spms figured by Pilsbry & Cooke 1915 [in 1914 - 1916]: pl. 7, figs 2, 3). Pilsbry & Cooke (1915 [in 1914 - 1916]: 29) explicitly considered one of the two A. subrostrata shells (probably that illustrated in their fig. 2) and the A. decorticata shell to have contributed to the original description (external colour and dimensions, and aperture, respectively); they therefore considered solida to be a synonym of both subrostrata and decorticata. Fischer- Piette (1950: 73) simply listed “ un exemplaire ” in the collections of the Journal de Conchyliologie, referencing Pilsbry & Cooke (1915 [in 1914 - 1916]: 28, pl. 7, figs 2, 3). Johnson (1994: 24) listed three (not four) syntypes in the MCZ, but under two catalogue numbers (MCZ 23341, MCZ 141388), indicating that these three were those figured by Pilsbry & Cooke (1915 [in 1914 - 1916]: pl. 7, figs 1 - 3). He also noted the listing of the additional syntype by Fischer-Piette (1950: 73). Resolution of the status of solida could be achieved by designation of one of the MCZ specimens as the lectotype, which would either: 1) reduce solida to the synonymy of subrostrata; or 2) establish solida as the senior synonym of decorticata. While the former action would promote nomenclatural stability (subrostrata and decorticata would remain valid), the latter would be more reflective of the main points of the original description of solida (but would establish solida as the valid name for decorticata). The MNHN specimen would then become a paralectotype of H. s olida; pending such action, it continues to be treated here as a syntype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC0FEE6FF1CFA89FA79.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 D)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC0FEE6FF1CFA89FA79.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30831; paralectotype: MNHN IM- 2000 - 30832 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ l’île de Kauai (îles Hawaii) ” (from article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F06FFC0FEE6FF1CFA89FA79.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Considered by Pease as a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicteres, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Amastra (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was not explicitly based on only a single specimen but neither does it imply the existence of syntypes. The specimen illustrated by Crosse (1876: pl. 1, fig. 4, 4 a) was listed by Fischer-Piette (1950: 149) as a measured “ Exemplaire figuré ”, which does not strictly constitute a lectotype designation, even though he also noted several fragmented “ paratypes ”. Johnson (1994: 23) referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Holotype ” as well as “ fragment of paratype ”, while also noting additional “ paratypes ” (MCZ 45255). This also is not a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). The original lot contained two specimens, one intact and one in three fragments; a label associated with it indicates that the specimens were received from Pease in 1869. The intact specimen (now separated from the original lot as MNHN IM- 2000 - 30831), which is labeled as “ Exemplaire fig. ”, corresponds very closely in size to the illustration of Crosse (1876: pl. 1, figs 4, 4 a) and to the measurement of 13 mm of Fischer-Piette (1950: 149), though the original description gave a height of 12 mm. It is therefore here designated as the lectotype, the broken specimen in the original lot becoming a paralectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFC2FEEAFDBEF9AEF918.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 G)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFC2FEEAFDBEF9AEF918.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30837; paralectotype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30838 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ l’île de Kauai (îles Hawaii) ” (from article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFC2FEEAFDBEF9AEF918.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Considered by Pease as a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicteres, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Amastra (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was not explicitly based on only a single specimen but neither does it imply the existence of syntypes. Fischer-Piette (1950: 149) listed the specimen illustrated by Crosse (1876: pl. 1, figs 5, 5 a) as a measured “ Exemplaire figuré ” (though, as is clear from the context, inadvertently as “ rugulosa ”) and also noted a “ paratype ” (they are now MNHN IM- 2000 - 30837 and MNHN IM- 2000 - 30838, respectively). Johnson (1994: 24) referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Holotype ” as well as “ paratypes ” [sic], while also noting additional “ paratypes ” (MCZ 45162). Neither treatment constitutes a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). The slightly taller, more globular of the two MNHN specimens appears to be that figured by Crosse and is therefore here designated as the lectotype. A label associated with the specimens indicates that they were received from Pease in 1869.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFC2FEE4F8D9FD12FC1B.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 H) Helix spirizona Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825: 480.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFC2FEE4F8D9FD12FC1B.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30839; paralectotypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 36736 (2 spms); possible paralectotypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30840 (2 spms), MNHN IM- 2012 - 36735 (3 spms). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ probablement […] les îles Sandwich ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFC2FEE4F8D9FD12FC1B.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The largest specimen in the original lot, with which a typical black-bordered Férussac label is associated, closely matches the illustrations of Deshayes (1851: pl. 155, figs 14, 15), notwithstanding the hole in the shell (for stringing it as a necklace or other ornamentation) that is not depicted; it is here selected as the lectotype (MNHN IM- 2000 - 30839); the remaining specimens in the original lot are paralectotypes (MNHN IM- 2000 - 36736). Labels associated with the other two lots (MNHN IM- 2000 - 30840, MNHN IM- 2012 - 36735) indicate that the specimens were in the Deshayes collection, and therefore may have been in Férussac’s collection. They are here considered possible paralectotypes.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFDDFC42FBDFF928FB7A.taxon	description	(Fig. 4 I)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFDDFC42FBDFF928FB7A.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30841. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ l’île de Kauai (îles Hawaii) ” (from article title).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFDDFC42FBDFF928FB7A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Considered by Pease as a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicter, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Leptachatina (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was implicitly based on more than one specimen: “ Coloration générale noirâtre ou d’un brun rougeâtre ”. Fischer-Piette (1950: 149) listed the specimen illustrated by Crosse (1876: pl. 3, fig. 5) as an “ Exemplaire figuré ” and Johnson (1994: 26) referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement but credited him with having listed the “ Holotype ”, while also noting additional “ paratypes ” (MCZ 45189, MCZ 50110). Neither treatment constitutes a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). A label associated with the MNHN specimen indicates that it was received from Pease in 1869. It closely matches the shell illustrated by Crosse in both size and appearance and is here designated as the lectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFDDFC42FBDFF928FB7A.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Syntype MNHN IM- 2000 - 30842 (1 spm). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Ins. Hawaii ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F04FFDDFC42FBDFF928FB7A.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description was explicitly based on specimens in the collections of both Pease and Crosse. Cooke (in Hyatt & Pilsbry 1910 [in 1910 - 1911]: 68) was “ unable to find a single authentic specimen of this species ”, including none in the MCZ. On this basis, Fischer-Piette (1950: 72, 73, pl. 47, fig. 51) illustrated a “ holotype ”, apparently inferring “ holotype ” because no other specimens had been found. The single specimen was broken in 1949 subsequent to having been photographed (Fischer-Piette 1950: 73; collection label) and is now in multiple small fragments (therefore no illustration is provided). Johnson (1994: 26) simply referenced Fischer- Piette (1950: 72, pl. 3, fig. 51), accepting the specimen as the holotype. Neither Fischer-Piette’s nor Johnson’s treatment constituted a lectotype fixation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). A label associated with the specimen indicates that it was received from Pease in 1868. Although the specimen is labeled as the “ type ”, it is not here designated as the lectotype, pending a thorough search for syntype material in better condition.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDDFED5FB38F90EF83F.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 A) Helix textilis Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825: 482.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDDFED5FB38F90EF83F.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Probable syntypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30770 (5 spms; largest of which, Fig. 5 A). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ îles Sandwich ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDDFED5FB38F90EF83F.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825: 482) did not illustrate the species and provided only a short description, and it was not treated by Deshayes (1851). It is therefore difficult to ascertain the status of the MNHN specimens. Hyatt & Pilsbry (1911 [in 1910 - 1911]: 165) stated that the “ type specimens ” were in the “ Jardin des Plantes ” (i. e. MNHN). The labels associated with the MNHN specimens indicate that they are from the Deshayes collection, and therefore possibly Férussac’s collection. They are therefore treated here as probable syntypes only.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDCFC42FB78F9B8FE24.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 C)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDCFC42FB78F9B8FE24.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30845. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ insula Kauai ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDCFC42FB78F9B8FE24.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Considered by Pease as a species of “ Hélictères ” (i. e. genus Helicter, though the formal genus name was not used and it is therefore placed in square brackets above) in the subgenus Leptachatina (see introductory text regarding species of Pease). The original description was not explicitly based on only a single specimen but neither does it imply the existence of syntypes. Fischer-Piette (1950: 149) listed the specimen illustrated by Crosse (1876: pl. 4, fig. 5) as the “ Holotype ” and a label of the collection of the Journal de Conchyliologie, associated with this specimen and written at the time of Fischer-Piette, also says “ Holotype ”. Johnson (1994: 26) simply referenced Fischer-Piette’s statement, while also noting additional “ paratypes ” (MCZ 45182, MCZ 45183). Neither Fischer-Piette’s nor Johnson’s treatment constituted a lectotype designation (see introductory text regarding lectotypes). A label associated with the MNHN specimen indicates that it was received from Pease in 1869. The specimen matches Crosse’s illustrations, although the clear demarcation between the whitish lower part of the body whorl and the remainder of the shell is not so distinct in the actual specimen. It is here designated as the lectotype.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDDFC27FF1CFC49FBBB.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 B) Helix tristis Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825: 482, pl. 68, figs 6, 7.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDDFC27FF1CFC49FBBB.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30843; paralectotypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30844 (2 spms). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ les îles Sandwich ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1BFFDDFC27FF1CFC49FBBB.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Not treated by Deshayes (1851). A label associated with the specimens is a typical black-bordered label of the Férussac collection and states that they were received from “ Gaudicho ” (i. e. Gaudichaud); it therefore confirms that they were obtained during the Freycinet expedition. The labels to which the three specimens were once glued says “ type ” and “ Coll. Férussac 1837 ”. All three shells closely match Férussac’s illustrations, although one retains a significant amount of periostracum that is not shown in the illustrations. However, the other two are damaged, probably in the course of removing them from the label, so the undamaged specimen, with periostracum, is here selected as the lectotype (MNHN IM- 2000 - 30843); the remaining specimens in the original lot are paralectotypes (MNHN IM- 2000 - 30844).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFC6BFCDEFBD8FA19.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 F)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFC6BFCDEFBD8FA19.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30849 (ex MNHN IM- 2000 - 5115); paralectotypes: MNHN IM- 2000 - 5115 (4 spms). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ îles Sandwich ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFC6BFCDEFBD8FA19.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The five specimens in the single original lot range widely in size. The largest shell is a precise match in size and shape for Souleyet’s fig. 32 (presumed life-size shell) and matches the larger, more detailed fig. 31 in appearance. Its height and width (11.5 mm, 6.7 mm) closely match Souleyet’s given dimensions (12 mm, 7 mm). This largest specimen is therefore here designated as the lectotype; the other four specimens are paralectotypes.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFEE3FDFEFA57FABA.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 D)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFEE3FDFEFA57FABA.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Possible syntypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 30847 (4 spms), MNHN IM- 2000 - 30846 (1 spm; Fig. 5 D). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Les îles Sandwich ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFEE3FDFEFA57FABA.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The name is available from Férussac (1821 a: 60; 1821 b: 56) because it was accompanied by the single diagnostic term “ coquille turriculée ”. Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825: 481) provided a brief description but no illustration. Labels in both lots indicate that the material was in the collection of Deshayes, and possibly therefore of Férussac. The five specimens are all more or less smaller than that described and illustrated by Deshayes (1851: 196, pl. 155, fig. 13) and therefore no lectotype is here selected and the specimens are considered here as only possible syntypes.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFEDFFA79FCA9FD45.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 E) Helix ventulus Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard, 1825: 481.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFEDFFA79FCA9FD45.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30848. TYPE LOCALITY. — “ l’île Guam ” (in text; error) (“ Sandwich Islands ”; on label).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDCFEDFFA79FCA9FD45.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Both Férusssac (1821 a: 60, 1821 b: 56) and Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (1825: 481) gave the locality as Guam, whereas the labels (including one with black borders typical of the Férussac collection) correctly indicate the Sandwich (i. e. Hawaiian) Islands, as the genus Leptachatina (and the entire family Amastridae) is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. This Férussac collection label also indicates that the shell was from Gaudichaud, as stated by Férussac (1821 a: 60, 1821 b: 56), confirming that it was obtained during the Freycinet voyage. Another label says “ type ” and “ collection Férussac ”, and another “ Coll. Férussac 1837 ”. The shell height (13 mm) matches that given by Férussac in Quoy & Gaimard (“ cinq lignes et demie ”, i. e. 12.4 mm) but its width (6.7 mm) is greater than Férussac’s (“ deux et demie ”, i. e. 5.6 mm), although within a reasonable margin of error. We here designate this specimen as the lectotype. The species was not treated by Deshayes (1851).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDFFC4DF999FB8CF838.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 G)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDFFC4DF999FB8CF838.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Syntypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 9654 (5 spms; Fig. 5 G). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Palihoukapapa, on the Hamakua slope of Mauna Kea, Kawaii [Hawaii], an elevation of 4,000 feet ” (from the introduction to the paper).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F1AFFDFFC4DF999FB8CF838.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Although the original description stated that this species seemed to be abundant, the actual description was not explicitly based on multiple syntypes, but neither does it imply that it was based on a only a single specimen. Even though the paper was published in 1904, according to the labels the specimens were not sent by Ancey until 1907, although all these old labels say “ cotypes ”. No lectotype is here selected, pending further research in other museums (BPBM, IRSNB) holding type or possible type material (Wood & Gallichan 2008: 51).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F18FFDEFEEBFB18F92FF838.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 I)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F18FFDEFEEBFB18F92FF838.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Syntypes MNHN IM- 2000 - 9655 (3 spms, of which 1 just an apical fragment; Fig. 5 I). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ Palihoukapapa, on the Hamakua slope of Mauna Kea, Kawaii [Hawaii], an elevation of 4,000 feet ” (in the introduction to the paper).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F18FFDEFEEBFB18F92FF838.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Although the original description stated that this species was also found on Oahu, the species was described based on material from the above type locality. The description was not explicitly based on only a single specimen but neither does it imply the existence of syntypes. Although described in the Journal de Conchyliologie and three older labels say “ cotypes ”, no lectotype is here selected, pending further research in other collections (BPBM, IRSNB) holding type or possible type material (Wood & Gallichan 2008: 53).	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F18FFDEFF00FEDDF94EFB9B.taxon	description	(Fig. 5 H)	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F18FFDEFF00FEDDF94EFB9B.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Lectotype (here designated) MNHN IM- 2000 - 30850 (ex MNHN IM- 2000 - 27685); paralectotypes: MNHN IM- 2000 - 27685 (3 spms), MNHN IM- 2000 - 27699 (10 spms). TYPE LOCALITY. — “ ruisseaux de l’île Oahou (îles Sandwich) ”.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
187087F97F18FFDEFF00FEDDF94EFB9B.taxon	discussion	REMARKS The original description indicates both dextral and sinistral individuals, although the plates only illustrate dextral individuals. All the MNHN specimens are dextral. The largest specimen is a precise match in size and shape for Souleyet’s fig. 41 (presumed life-size shell). The specimen is 11.7 mm in height (Souleyet’s description says 12 mm) and 6.5 mm in width (Souleyet’s measurement of 9 mm is erroneous). This largest specimen is here designated as the lectotype; the remaining 13 specimens are paralectotypes. Those in MNHN IM- 2000 - 27699 are explicitly labelled as having been obtained from Gaudichaud in 1838, the year after his return from the voyage of La Bonite.	en	Cowie, Robert H., Héros, Virginie, Yeung, Norine W., Hayes, Kenneth A. (2016): Annotated catalogue of types of Hawaiian land and freshwater snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with lectotype designations. Zoosystema 38 (2): 245-266, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n2a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2016n2a4
