identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FE21624E098051DDA2F0C0029F70100D.text	FE21624E098051DDA2F0C0029F70100D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spiracme lendli (Kulczynski 1897) Gallé-Szpisjak & Gallé & Szabó & Szűts 2024	<div><p>Spiracme lendli (Kulczyński, 1897) comb. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 3 A – C, 4 A – C, 5 A, B, 6 A – C, 7, 8</p><p>Xysticus lendli Kulczyński, 1897: Chyzer and Kulczyński 1897: 301, Tab X, fig. 64 (♂).</p><p>Spiracme mongolica: Purgat et al. 2021: fig. 6 (misidentification).</p><p>Xysticus cf. lendli: Ponomarev and Shmatko 2021: 217, fig. 16.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>Holotype male: Hungary Örkény (thoroughly searched for in the collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, without any success, likely lost).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Hungary • 1 male; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.571&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.602" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.571/lat 46.602)">Szank</a>; forest steppe; 46.602 ° N, 19.571 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net; (HNHM Araneae - 11039) • 1 female; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.621&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.415" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.621/lat 46.415)">Zsana</a>; forest steppe; 46.415 ° N, 19.621 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net; (HNHM Araneae - 10719) • 1 male; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.568&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.507" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.568/lat 46.507)">Harkakötöny</a>; forest steppe, 46.507 ° N, 19.568 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 2 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.432&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.477" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.432/lat 46.477)">Kiskunhalas</a>; forest steppe; 46.477 ° N, 19.432 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 3 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.452&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.483" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.452/lat 46.483)">Kiskunhalas</a>; forest steppe; 46.483 ° N, 19.452 ° E; 09 Sep. 2018; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 2 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.415&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.493" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.415/lat 46.493)">Kiskunhalas</a>; forest steppe; 46.493 ° N, 19.415 ° E; 21 Sep. 2018; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 1 male; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.384&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.536" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.384/lat 46.536)">Soltvadkert</a>; forest steppe; 46.536 ° N, 19.384 ° E; 11 Sep. 2017; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 1 male; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.374&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.527" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.374/lat 46.527)">Soltvadkert</a>; forest steppe; 46.527 ° N, 19.374 ° E; 11. Sep. 2017, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 3 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.401&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.53" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.401/lat 46.53)">Soltvadkert</a>; forest steppe; 46.530 ° N, 19.401 ° E; 11. Sep. 2017, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 3 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.385&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.532" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.385/lat 46.532)">Soltvadkert</a>; forest steppe; 46.532 ° N, 19.385 ° E; 21. Sep. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 1 male; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.621&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.409" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.621/lat 46.409)">Zsana</a>; forest steppe; 46.409 ° N, 19.621 ° E; 11. Sep. 2017, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 3 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.621&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.415" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.621/lat 46.415)">Zsana</a>; forest steppe; 46.415 ° N, 19.621 ° E; 09. Sep. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 3 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.647&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.396" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.647/lat 46.396)">Zsana</a>; forest steppe; 46.396 ° N, 19.647 ° E; 09. Sep. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 2 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.318&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.446" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.318/lat 46.446)">Imrehegy</a>; forest steppe; 46.446 ° N, 19.318 ° E; 11. Sep. 2017, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 1 male; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.415&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.493" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.415/lat 46.493)">Pirtó</a>; forest steppe; 46.493 ° N, 19.415 ° E; 20. Sep. – 05. Oct. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; pitfall trap • 1 male; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.436&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.472" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.436/lat 46.472)">Pirtó</a>; forest steppe; 46.472 ° N, 19.436 ° E; 09. Sep. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 4 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.421&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.496" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.421/lat 46.496)">Pirtó</a>; forest steppe; 46.496 ° N, 19.421 ° E; 05. Oct. 2018, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net • 2 males; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.464&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.614" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.464/lat 46.614)">Bócsa</a>; forest steppe; 46.614 ° N, 19.464 ° E; 07. Sep. 2021, N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net .</p><p>Comparative material.</p><p>S. striatipes Hungary • 2 males, 2 females; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=19.35&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=46.722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 19.35/lat 46.722)">Csengőd</a>; mesic grassland; 46.722 ° N, 19.350 ° E; 15 Jun. 2018; N. Gallé-Szpisjak and R. Gallé leg.; sweep net .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males of this species can be readily distinguished from congeners by the thick and bent embolus, with transverse ridges (pine cone-like pattern in Fig. 5 A – B) near the tip. The thick embolus makes it similar to that of S. striatipes but differs by the bent embolus (straight in S. striatipes; see Figs 3, 4), the less pronounced indentations (deep indentations in S. striatipes; see Fig. 6), the absence of the large triangular-shaped tutaculum (present in S. striatipes; see Fig. 6), and the slightly pointing outward RTA (curved towards the cymbium in S. striatipes; see Figs 3, 4) as seen from the ventral side (compare Fig. 6 A vs. Fig. 6 D). The bent embolus is present in Xysticus mongolicus, and the bulb shows an overall similarity. However, the indentations (absent in X. mongolicus), the tegular bump Fig. 3 C (absent in X. mongolicus; see Fig. 3 F), and the twisted embolus as seen from the side (strongly bent in X. mongolicus) separate S. lendli from X. mongolicus . Female epigyne of S. lendli with an upside-down heart-shaped median septum (see Fig. 8 B), which is seemingly a plate with a pronounced anterior border (Fig. 8 A, C) with a clear indention on the posterior margin (Fig. 8 B, C, F), probably to accommodate the thin tip of the RTA (Figs 3 C, 7 A).</p><p>Description.</p><p>Male. Total length 3.88. Carapace: 1.84 long, 1.79 wide. Abdomen: 2.17 long, 1.71 wide. Clypeus 0.16 high, chelicera 0.70 long. Eye sizes and inter-distances: MOA-WA 0.22, MOA-WP 0.23, MOA-L 0.23, AME 0.07, ALE 0.10, PME 0.06, PLE 0.09, AME - AME 0.20, AME - ALE 0.13, PME - PME 0.23, PME - PLE 0.29.</p><p>Colouration (on a freshly collected specimen, Fig. 2 B): Carapace dark brown sides with median, longitudinal, beige-coloured, wide stripe. Ocular area white. Abdomen dark brown with mottled black spots and median folium-shaped light stripe. Around folium’s lobe, three pairs of white and black spots present (Fig. 2 A, B). These spots can be seen on bleached specimen as well, where the dark brown coloured areas became light brown. Chelicera, gnathocoxae, labium, and sternum sand-yellow with small dark brown spots.</p><p>Legs: sand-yellow with mottled dark brown dots (uneven in size). Tibiae I – II, metatarsi I – II, and tarsi I – II with dark brown / blackish rings on the distal end of the segment. Hindlegs light in colour, almost white, with black dots mottled on the appendage. The proximal end of tibia IV and the distal end of the femur, patella, tibia, and metatarsus IV with dark rings. Leg segments: I: 7.05 (2.04 + 0.96 + 1.6 + 1.6 + 0.85); II: 6.67 (1.95 + 0.88 + 1.45 + 1.48 + 0.91); III: 3.87 (1.19 + 0.58 + 0.83 + 0.67 + 0.6); IV: 4.51 (1.4 + 0.58 + 0.92 + 0.89 + 0.72).</p><p>Palpal femur, patella tibia, and cymbium with sand-coloured background mottled with dark brown dots and patches. Bulb without significant appendages, but tegular ledge or bump present (Figs 3 C, 4 C, 7 A). Embolus originates on prolateral part of the bulb at 11 o’clock position, twisted as seen from the side (Fig. 7) and bent as seen from the venter (Figs 3 A – C, 4 A – C, 5 A, B), with indentations on the distal third of embolus (Figs 5 A, B, 6 A, B), making it pine cone-like.</p><p>Female. Total length: 5.99. Carapace: 2.66 long, 2.89 wide. Abdomen: 3.68 long, 2.92 wide.</p><p>Clypeus 0.24 high, chelicera 1.01 long. Eye sizes and inter-distances: MOA-WA 0.58, MOA-WP 0.53, MOA-L 0.40, AME 0.11, ALE 0.16, PME 0.09, PLE 0.12, AME - AME 0.40, AME - ALE 0.21, PME - PME 0.37, and PME - PLE 0.45. Leg segments: I: 8.49 (2.61 + 1.34 + 1.87 + 1.7 + 0.97); II: 8.49 (2.65 + 1.24 + 1.84 + 1.77 + 0.99); III: 5.53 (1.76 + 0.91 + 0.93 + 1.05 + 0.88); IV: 6.16 (1.94 + 0.88 + 1.44 + 1.07 + 0.83).</p><p>Colouration lighter than in males, carapace and abdomen patterns similar as in males (Fig. 2 C, D), but with less contrast on the pattern. Leg colouration and pattern also similar to males, but overall lighter in colour.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Pannonian: Hungary, Serbia, Slovakia.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Specimens were collected in habitats characterised by sandy soil, covered with open dry grassland, and small forest patches (forest steppe, Fig. 1 B, C). The grassland consists of drought-tolerant plant species (e. g., Alkanna tictoria, Festuca vaginata, and Stipa borysthenica). The main tree species of the forest patches are Poplus alba, and the bush layer includes Juniperus communis and Crataegus monogyna (see further details in Gallé et al. 2022 a).</p><p>Biology and phenology.</p><p>Adult specimens were collected in September and October. We used a sweep net to collect S. lendli specimens very close to the ground surface in the herb layer. Life history remains mainly unknown. Noteworthy, females were very rarely found, so far only one. The overall ratio of the sexes was 33: 1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FE21624E098051DDA2F0C0029F70100D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gallé-Szpisjak, Nikolett;Gallé, Róbert;Szabó, Krisztián;Szűts, Tamás	Gallé-Szpisjak, Nikolett, Gallé, Róbert, Szabó, Krisztián, Szűts, Tamás (2024): On the identity and placement of Xysticus lendli Kulczyński, 1897 (Araneae, Thomisidae): an integrative approach. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (3): 1017-1028, DOI: 10.3897/zse.100.125826
3ACBEED5C9BF5EFBAE6A77472043AFF4.text	3ACBEED5C9BF5EFBAE6A77472043AFF4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spiracme Menge 1876	<div><p>Spiracme Menge, 1876</p><p>Figs 2, 3 A – C, G – I, 4 A – C, 5 A, B, 6, 7, 8</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Spiracme striata Menge, 1864 . Xysticus striata Menge, 1876, by monotypy.</p><p>Note.</p><p>Breitling (2019) revalidated the genus Spiracme, but he did not provide any diagnosis or any diagnostic features. As delimited by Breitling (2019), it is impossible to give a precise diagnosis for the genus, including all and only those species. Hence, it should be subject to future revision or reconsideration.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Males can be recognised by the bulb lacking apophyses (Fig. 6 A, D) or tegular apophysis (Gertsch 1953; Menge 1876; Lehtinen 2002). The tutaculum is triangle-shaped in this type of species. Tibia with two or three apophyses; VTA is simple and rounded; and RTA has a distinct pointed hook (Lehtinen 2002). Females can be recognised by the prominent septum (but can be absent; see Gertsch 1953). Both sex lateral eyes are 1.5 times larger than the median eyes and have light elevation (Menge 1876).</p><p>Composition.</p><p>Currently 10 species have been added to this genus (WSC 2024): S. striatipes (L. Koch, 1870), S. baltistana (Caporiacco, 1935), S. dura (Sørensen, 1898), S. keyserlingi (Bryant, 1930), S. lehtineni (Fomichev, Marusik &amp; Koponen, 2014), S. nigromaculata (Keyserling, 1884), S. quadrata (Tang &amp; Song, 1988), S. triangulosa (Emerton, 1894), S. vachoni (Schenkel, 1963) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>see Menge (1876) and Lehtinen (2002).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Holarctic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/3ACBEED5C9BF5EFBAE6A77472043AFF4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gallé-Szpisjak, Nikolett;Gallé, Róbert;Szabó, Krisztián;Szűts, Tamás	Gallé-Szpisjak, Nikolett, Gallé, Róbert, Szabó, Krisztián, Szűts, Tamás (2024): On the identity and placement of Xysticus lendli Kulczyński, 1897 (Araneae, Thomisidae): an integrative approach. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (3): 1017-1028, DOI: 10.3897/zse.100.125826
752F26E105205F228C6AEFA540282D22.text	752F26E105205F228C6AEFA540282D22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Xysticus mongolicus Schenkel 1963	<div><p>Xysticus mongolicus Schenkel, 1963 comb. rev.</p><p>Figs 3 D – F, 4 D – F, 5 C, D</p><p>Xysticus mongolicus Schenkel, 1963: Schenkel 1963: 227, fig. 127 a ‒ c (♂).</p><p>X. mongolicus Song, Yu &amp; Yang, 1982: 210 (♂ ♀); Song 1987: 284, fig. 241 a ‒ d (♂ ♀); Song and Zhu 1997: 95, fig. 62 a ‒ d (♂ ♀); Utochkin 1995: 67, fig. 1 a ‒ g (♂ ♀); Zhao 1993: 388, fig. 193 a ‒ b (♂ ♀); Marusik and Logunov 1990: 47, figs 48‒49 (♂); Fomichev 2015: 97, figs 13‒15 (♂).</p><p>Note.</p><p>Because Purgat et al. 2021 (fig. 6) based their proposal of the new combination on a misidentified S. lendli specimen, we reinstate its original combination.</p><p>Material examinded.</p><p>Russia • 1 male (ISEA, 001.7306), Russia, Altai Republic, 6 km SE of <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=88.433334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=50.066666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 88.433334/lat 50.066666)">Chagan-Uzun Vill.</a>, 26. 07. 2021. 50.066667 ° N, 88.433333 ° E, 1900 m asl., stony semi-desert steppe, leg. &amp; det. A. A. Fomichev.: Altai Republic ,</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The male can be identified by the spiral-shaped and bare embolus with fine tip. X. mongolicus has no tegular ridge.</p><p>Description.</p><p>See Fomichev, 2015.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Nentwig et al. (2024) report this species from Europe to Central Asia. So far, all Central European records have turned out to be S. lendli . We could not examine the specimens used for the Ukrainian records by Polchaninova N., Prokopenko E. (2019), or the Russian records (Ponomarev 2022).</p><p>Both ML and BI phylogenetic trees (Fig. 9, Suppl. material 1, respectively) place Spiracme lendli grouping with the type species of the genus, S. striatipes . In that group, S. triangulosus is a sister. We were unable to recover a monophyletic Spiracme, as S. durus and S. nigromaculatus grouped together but not with the type species. Given the limited use of a single mitochondrial gene in systematics and the low support values on the tree, we would not draw further conclusions regarding the genus limits.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/752F26E105205F228C6AEFA540282D22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Gallé-Szpisjak, Nikolett;Gallé, Róbert;Szabó, Krisztián;Szűts, Tamás	Gallé-Szpisjak, Nikolett, Gallé, Róbert, Szabó, Krisztián, Szűts, Tamás (2024): On the identity and placement of Xysticus lendli Kulczyński, 1897 (Araneae, Thomisidae): an integrative approach. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (3): 1017-1028, DOI: 10.3897/zse.100.125826
