identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1C71EF581F538468FEE3FDCA3997FB00.text	1C71EF581F538468FEE3FDCA3997FB00.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hydroporus longiusculus Gemminger and Harold 1868	<div><p>Hydroporus longiusculus Gemminger and Harold, 1868</p> <p>Hydroporus longiusculus Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 436 (replacement name for H. oblongus Aubé); Nilsson 2001: 158 (cat.).</p> <p>Hydroporus oblongus Dejean, 1833: 57 (nomen nudum); Gemminger and Harold 1868: 436 (syn.).</p> <p>Hydroporus oblongus Aubé, 1838: 605 (orig. descr.), preoccupied by Stephens 1835, objective synonym of H. longiusculus; Gemminger and Harold, 1868: 436 (syn.).</p> <p>Hydroporus hirtellus LeConte, 1852: 208 (orig. descr.); Gemminger and Harold 1868: 441 (syn. with H. subpubescens LeConte); Crotch 1873: 394 (as syn. of H. subpubescens); Fall 1923: 84 (descr., as valid species); Larson et al. 2000: 377 (descr., as valid species); Nilsson 2001: 166 (cat., as valid species); syn.n.</p> <p>Hydroporus perplexus Sharp, 1882: 467 (orig. descr.), preoccupied by Schaum 1847: 39; Horn 1883: 278; Fall 1923: 85 (syn. with H. hirtellus); Larson et al. 2000: 377 (as syn. of H. hirtellus); Nilsson 2001: 166 (cat., as syn. of H. hirtellus); syn.n.</p> <p>Hydroporus utahensis Gordon, 1981: 116 (orig. descr.); Larson et al. 2000: 394 (descr.); Nilsson 2001: 162 (cat.); syn.n.</p> <p>Hydroporus californicus Gordon, 1981: 118 (orig. descr.); Larson et al. 2000: 374 (syn. with H. longiusculus); Nilsson 2001: 159 (cat., as syn. of H. longiusculus).</p> <p>Hydroporus fatigus Gordon, 1981: 119 (orig. descr.); Larson et al. 2000: 374 (syn. with H. longiusculus); Nilsson 2001: 159 (cat., as syn. of H. longiusculus).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Hydroporus longiusculus: Syntypes: 2 exs., (Hydroporus oblongus Aubé, 1838). Note: the types have not been seen, since they have not been found in the Institut Royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, and the Natural History Museum, London. I think the types are lost. I am not designating a neotype hoping that the syntypes will be found and because the definition of the species is herein clarified. I have studied 37 specimens of this species from Unalaska Island, the type locality. I believe that H. longiusculus is the only one of 24 species known from Alaska, which fits the description given by Aubé (1838).</p> <p>Type locality: USA, Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Unalaska Island.</p> <p>Hydroporus hirtellus: Holotype: ♀ golden disc, "Type \ 6021", "hirtellus \ S. Fr. Lec. " [hw LeConte], "subpubescens 2", " J.L. LeConte \ Collection", " Holotype \ Hydroporus \ hirtellus \ LeConte 1851 " [red] (MCZ). Type locality: USA, California, San Francisco.</p> <p>Hydroporus perplexus: Lectotype (here designated): ♂ "Type H.T." [small round label with red margin], " California " [green disc, hw], "Sharp Coll. \ 1905–313." [under side], "Type 372 \ H. perplexus \ n.s. \ California " [hw, Sharp], " Lectotype \ Hydroporus perplexus Sharp \ des. H. Shaverdo 2005" (NHML). Paratype: 1 ex., "Sharp Coll. \ 1905–313.", "372 \ California " [hw], " Hydroporus \ perplexus. \ co­type Sharp" [hw, Sharp], " Paralectotype \ Hydroporus perplexus Sharp \ des. H. Shaverdo 2005" (NHML).</p> <p>Type locality: USA, California.</p> <p>Note: the lectotype is designated in order to support stability of nomenclature.</p> <p>Hydroporus utahensis: Holotype: ♂ " Utah Lake \ East Side ", " H.P. Chandler \ No. 196 Exp. \ 7/6/41 NE \ Elv. 4,000 SW", " H.B. Leech \ Collection", " Holotype \ Hydroporus \ utahensis \ Robert Gordon", " California Academy \ of Sciences \ Type No. 9840" (CAS).</p> <p>Note: according to the original description there are 6 paratypes from the same locality as the holotype which are deposited in CAS, SINM. The paratypes are with blue labels (personal communication with R. Gordon). The paratypes have not been found in SINM and I was not able to receive them from CAS.</p> <p>Type locality: USA, Utah, Utah Lake.</p> <p>Hydroporus californicus: Holotype: ♂ " Cal. Mono Co. \ round pond on ridge S of Leavitt Mdw. ", "Alt. 7500 ft. \ 13–VIII–1963 \ H.B. Leech ", " Holotype \ Hydroporus californicus \ Robert Gordon" [red], " California Academy \ of Sciences \ Type No. 9835" (CAS).</p> <p>Note: according to the original description there are 23 paratypes from the same locality as the holotype and one paratype " California, Mendocino Co. Univ. Cal. Range E xp. Sta., pond by deerpen, about 4 mi. NE of Hopland, 30–VI–1963, collected by H.B.Leech " which are deposited in CAS, SINM. The paratypes are with blue labels (personal communication with R. Gordon).</p> <p>Type locality: USA, California, Mono County, Leavitt Meadow.</p> <p>Hydroporus fatigus: Holotype: ♂ "Roadside ditch \ Abbotsford \ B.C.14–IX–45 \ Hugh B. Leech ", " ♂ " [small blue label], " H.B. Leech \ Collection ", " Holotype \ Hydroporus fatigus \ Robert Gordon " [red], " California Academy \ of Sciences \ Type No. 9836" (CAS).</p> <p>Note: according to the original description there are 68 paratypes from different localities in British Columbia, Montana, Oregon, and Washington which are deposited in CAS, SINM, Field Museum of Natural History (Chicago), and in the collection of Indiana University. The paratypes are with blue labels (personal communication with R. Gordon).</p> <p>Type locality: Canada, British Columbia, Abbotsford.</p> <p>Additional material Canada: British Columbia: 12 exs., Gabriola, 12.VI.89, Carr (JBWM); 3 exs., same locality only 13.IV.88 (JBWM); 1 ex., 14.IV.88 (JBWM); 7 exs., 10.IV.88 (JBWM); 3 exs., 10.IV.88 (JBWM, CHS); 3 exs., 8.05.1990 (CHS); 9 exs., 10.05.1990 (CHS); 3 exs., 31.05.1994 (CHS); 1 ex., Vancouver Island, Mt. Arrowsmith, 26.VII.1980, R.E. &amp; M.L. Roughley (JBWM); 2♂♂, 5 exs., Parksville, 4.VII.62, Carr (JBWM); 1 ex., Nanaimo, 19.VI.89, Carr (JBWM); 1♂ MacMillan Park at Highway 4, 15.IV.88, Carr (JBWM); 8 exs., Cassidy, 13.VI.89, Carr (JBWM); 2♂♂, 1 ex., Duncan, 30.X.85, Carr (JBWM); 2 exs., same locality only 6.VII.62 (JBWM); 2♂♂ Victoria, 28.X.85, Carr (CNC, JBWM). 6♂♂, 24 exs., Victoria, 13.II.85, Carr (JBWM, CAS, CHS); 3♂♂, 1♀, 3 exs., Sooke, 14.II.85, Carr (JBWM, CNC, CHS); 1♂, 1♀ Elgin, 26.IV.81, Carr (JBWM); 2 exs., same locality only 17.X.81 (JBWM); 1♀ University Campus, Vancouver, 9.III.1959, G. Scuddel (JBWM); 1 ex., Vancouver, 3.VI.1930, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., Vancouver, 25.IV.1967, E.J. Kiteley (CNC); 1 ex., Vancouver, 10.VII.1962, Carr (JBWM); 1♂ Abbotsford, 29.V.40, H.B. Leech (CAS); 1♂ Abbotsford, 14.IX.45, H.B. Leech (CAS); 1♀ Abbotsford, 8.IX.79, Carr (JBWM); 1 ex., Langley, 9.IV.1933, K. Graham (CAS); 1♂ Langley, 2.I.35, K. Graham (CAS); 1 ex., Manning Provincial Park, McDiarmid Meadows, 6.V.1984, R.E. Roughley, I.S. Askevold &amp; D.A. Pollock (JBWM); 1 ex., Manning Provincial Park, near Monument 83, 22.VI.1988, L. LeSage (JBWM); 16 exs., Manning Provincial Park, 1 km NE East Ent. [entrance?], Similkameen River, 20.V.1988, L. LeSage (JBWM); 1 ex., Oliver, 5.VIII.1956, Carr (JBWM); 1 ex., same locality only 30.VII.1956 (JBWM); 1♂, 3 exs., 10.3 km N Sechelt, ca. 100 m, 13.IX.1978, R.E. &amp; M.L. Roughley (JBWM); 2♂♂, 1♀, 13 exs., Campbell River, 15.VI.89, Carr (JBWM); 3 exs., Ladner, 23.IV.81, Carr (JBWM). 1♂ Boston Bar, 25.X.85, Carr (JBWM); 1♂, 3 exs., Hope, 4.VIII.1956, Carr (JBWM); 1♂ Laidlaw, 8.IV.88, Carr (JBWM); 1 ex., Lorna, 25.VIII.1925, H. Richmond (JBWM); 1 ex., Pemberton, 24.VI.89, Carr (JBWM); 1 ex., Highway 99, 35 km NE Pemberton, 4.VI.94, Carr (CNC); 3♂♂, 1♀, 4 exs., Mt. Currie­ Lillooet Road at Duffie Lake, 20.IX.86, Carr (JBWM); 1 ex., Wells Gray Provincial Park, Ray Creek, 30.VI.1988, L. LeSage (JBWM); 1 ex., 10 km SW Bridge Lake, 5.04.1994, Carr (CHS); 2♂♂ Fraser Valley (AMNH); 1♀ Crescent Valley, 7.V.84 (CLH); 3♂♂, 29 exs., 8 km SW Crescent Valley, 7.V.1984, R.E. Roughley (JBWM); 1♂ Creston, 4.X.1947, G. Stace Smith (JBWM); 1 ex., Duck Lake near Wynndel, 12.IV.1980, I. Askevold (JBWM); 1♀ Wynndel, 13.IV.1947, G. Stace Smith (JBWM); 1♂ Wynndel, 30.III.1947, G. Stace Smith, 2600 ft (JBWM); 5 exs., Dewar Creek, 18.V.84, Carr (JBWM); 2♂♂, 1 ex., Honey, 23.III.30, H. Leech (CAS, JBWM); 1♀ Vernon, 19.IV.1942, H. Leech (CAS); 1♂ Kamloops, near Lac du Bois, 3.IX.1939, H. Leech (JBWM); 1 ex., Lac le Jeune, 26.VIII.1932, A. Thrupp (CAS); 1♀ Blue Creek, Yalakom River, 21.VIII.42, G.B.Leech (AMNH); 3♂♂, 4 exs., Galena Bay, 10.VI.84, Carr (JBWM); 1♂, 1 ex., 55º50’N, 128º50’W, 5.VII.87, Carr (JBWM); 1♂, 7 exs., Terrace, M.E. Hippisley (CAS, JBWM); 1 ex., Highway 16, 27 km E Purden Lake, 28.VI.89, Carr (JBWM); 1♂, 2♀♀ Summit Lake, 22.VII.69, Carr (JBWM); 1♂ Salmon Valley, 19.VII.69, Carr (JBWM); 1♂ Highway 37, 335 km North Junction Highway 16, 9.VII.87, Carr (JBWM); 1 ex., Highway 37, 343 km North Junction Highway 16, 9.VII.87, Carr (JBWM); 2♂♂, 1♀ Highway 37, 355 km North Junction Highway 16, 10.VII.87, Carr (JBWM); 2 exs., Hwy. 37, Skowill Creek, 8.VII.87, Carr (JBWM).</p> <p>USA: Alaska: 1♂, 3♀♀ Unalaska, 14.VIII.07 (CAS); 1♀ Glacier River, Unalaska, 1907 (CAS); 16♂♂, 12♀♀ Aleutian Islands, Unalaska, 14.VIII. (AMNH); 1♂, 3♀♀ Glacier River, Unalaska (AMNH); 2♀♀ Mendenhall Glacier, 19.IV.58, P. &amp; P. Spangler (NDSUe); 1♂ Juneau Thunder Mountain, 10.VIII. 1979, D.P. Schwert (NDSUe). Washington: 1♀ Skagit Co., Samish River N of Sedro Woolley, 1.VII.1988, F.N. Young (JBWM); 1 ex., Pullman, 18.V.33, O. Edwards (JBWM); 2♂♂, 2 exs., Reardan, 18.IV.83, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Usk, 29.V.84, Carr (CNC); 1♀ John Day Dam, 26.IV.88, Carr (JBWM). Oregon: 2♂♂, 7 exs., Yamhill Co., 3.4 mi NE Spand Ronde Agancy, 4.V.1982, Westcott &amp; Brown (JBWM); 4 exs., Falls City [Polk Co.], 16.IV.85, Carr (JBWM); 2♂♂, 1♀ Corvallis [Benton Co.], 20.V.1938, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., 2 mi S Florence, 3.V.1962, Vertrees, Hansen, Carter &amp; Schuh (AMNH); 3 exs., 7 mi S Florence, Siltcoos beach, 3.V.1962, Vertrees, Hansen, Carter &amp; Schuh (AMNH); 1♂, 1♀ same locality only 1.V.1962 (AMNH); 1♂ Lane Co., Siltcoos River Park, 22.IV.1964, J.D. Vertrees, J. Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Douglas Co., Lost Lake, N Reedsport, 22.IV.1964, J.D. Vertrees, J. Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Douglas Co., Elbow Lake, N Reedsport, 22.IV.1964, J.D. Vertrees, J. Schuh (AMNH); 1♂, 2 exs., Lakeside [Coos Co.], 25.VII.65, Carr (JBWM); 2 exs., Sixes River [Curry Co.], 13.VI.91, Carr (CNC); 1♀ Curry Co., 4 mi N Ophir Russel Creek at Highway 101, 25.V.83, R.E. Roughley (JBWM); 1♀ Jackson Co., 6 mi N Medford, 22.V.1960, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1♂, 2♀♀, 3 exs., Deschutes Co., near La Pine, 25.VI.1989, F.N. Young (JBWM); 1♂, 7 exs., Highway 31, 4 mi S La Pine, 2.VII.84, Carr (JBWM); 5♂♂, 6 exs., Bend, Swamp Wells, Deschutes National Forest, 3.VII.84, Carr (JBWM, CHS, CNC); 1♀, 1 ex., Wildcat campground, Prineville [Crook Co.], 4.VII.84, Carr (JBWM, CNC); 3 exs., 25 mi E Prineville, 26.IV.1957, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Klamath Co., 6 mi W Keno, 16.V.1962, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Klamath Co., 12 mi SW Keno, 6.III.1960, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Klamath Co., near Keno, Spencer Creek, 4.VI.1955, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 3 exs., Klamath Co., Denney Creek, 30.V.1965, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Klamath Co., near Gerber Dam, 16.VI.1957, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 2 exs., South Fork, Little Butte Creek, 26.IX.1992, Carr (CHS); 1♂, 1 ex., Klamath Co., Tecumseh Spring, 5 mi S of Fort Klamath, 9.IX.76, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 2 exs., Klamath Co., Crooked creek, 5 mi S of Fort Klamath, 9.IX.76 Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 2♂♂, 2♀♀ Klamath Co., 4.5 mi N Chiloquin Spring Creek at Route 99, 10.9.1976, Galewski (NMW); 1 ex., Klamath Co., 10 mi SE Chiloquin, Crystal Spring Creek, 2.10.1966, Schuh, Scott, Gray (AMNH); 4♂♂, 3♀♀, 7 exs., Highway 140, 3 km W Fort Klamath Junction, 25.IV.88, Carr (JBWM); 1♂ Klamath Co., near Fort Klamath, 20. VI.1975, F.N. Young (JBWM); 1 ex., Klamath Co., Horse Glades, near Bly, 5.VI.1955, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Klamath Falls [Klamath Co.], Algoma, 2.VI.1955, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Klamath Falls, above Geary Ranch, 17.V.1961, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Klamath Falls, Old Fort Road, 26.V.1955, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1 ex., Crescent [Klamath Co.], Little Deschutes River, 12.V.1957, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 2♂♂, 1♀, 3 exs., Silver Lake [Lake Co.], 2.VII.84, Carr (JBWM, CNC); 7♂♂, 6 exs., Silver Lake [Lake Co.], 1.VII.84, Carr (JBWM, CNC, CHS); 1 ex., 10 mi N Lakeview, Ogle Spring, 7.VI.1958, Vertrees &amp; Schuh (AMNH); 1♀ Lake Co., Quartz Mt., 7.VI.1955, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 3♂♂, 1♀ Highway 140 at Blue Creek, 25.VI.84, Carr (JBWM); 1♂, 7 exs., Battle Mt., 27.V.84, Carr (JBWM, CNC); 2♂♂, 1 ex., Lehman Springs [Umatilla Co.], Highway 244, 14.VI.84, Carr (JBWM); 5♂♂, 3♀♀, 16 exs., Perry [Union Co.], 14.VI.84, Carr (JBWM, CNC, CHS). Idaho: 1♂, 9 exs., Emida, 6.VII.84, Carr (JBWM); 1♂ same locality only 27.IV.88 (JBWM); 3♂♂, 8 exs., 5.VIII.84 (JBWM); 1♀ Cave Lake, 6.VII.84, Carr (JBWM); 1♂, 1♀ Boundary Co., 19 km S E astport, 12.V.1984, I.S. Askevold (JBWM); 1 ex., Hayden Lake, 10.VIII.1922, M.C. Lane (JBWM). Nevada (first record, was known as H. hirtellus): 1♂ Reno, 12.VII. (JBWM); 2♂♂, 2♀♀ Nye Co., Ash Meadows, 30.III.1966, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 6♂♂, 1♀, 27 exs., Nye Co., Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, Carson Slough, 27.4.1992, Challet (CHF). California: 1 ex., Siskiyou Co., southern end of Taylor Lake, Salmon Mts., 6500 ft, 20.VIII.1970, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1♂ Siskiyou Co., Highway 97, Grass Lake, ca. 5000’, 22.VI.74, A. &amp; D. Smetana (CNC); 1 ex., Trinity Co., Trinity River, Douglas City, 11.VI.63 (JBWM); 1♂, 2♀♀, 6 exs., Trinity Co., Mts. W of Trinity Center, creek into Lake Eleanor, 1509 m, 11.VIII.1972, H.B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., Trinity Co., Dan Rice Creek at Carrville­Callahan road, 4515 ft, 23.VIII.70, H.B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., Trinity Co., Monroe Creek, 6 mi NW of Hyampom, 24.VII.1968, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 2♂♂, 33 exs., Trinity Co., Waterlily pond by Butter Creek Road, 2 mi airline SE of Hyampom, 2150 ft, 23.VII.68, H. Leech (CAS); 1♂ Forest Glen [Trinity Co.], 4.VII.91, Carr (CNC); 1♀ Forest Glen, 18.VI.91, Carr (CNC); 2 exs., Shasta Co., Hat Creek at Highway 299, 27.IX.1980, G. Challet (CHF); 2 exs., Hat Creek, Rout 299, 18.6.1956, P.S. Bartholomew (CAS); 1♂, 3♀♀ Tehama Co., creek at Highway I –5 at Jelly Ferry Road, 3 mi N Red Bluff, 27. IV.1979 (CHF); 2♀♀, 2 exs., Tehama Co., 10 mi E Red Bluff at Highway 36, 26.IV.1981, G. Challet (CGC); 1 ex., Tehama Co., Red Bluff, Dog Island Park, 29.IV–8.V.1984, D.S. Chandler (JBWM); 2♀♀ Plumas Co., at Mosquito Spring, 0.75 mi E of Domingo Spring, NW of Chester, 29.VIII.1961, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., Highway 89, 6 mi S Graeagle [Plumas Co.], 1.VII.91, Carr (CNC); 1♂, 1 ex., Mendocino, 16.VIII.40, J.R. Helfer (CAS); 1 ex., same locality only 11.VIII.40 (CAS); 1♂ 3.VIII.40 (CAS); 1 ex., Mendocino Co., Hopland Field Sta. [station?], 9.V.1970, Haddock, J.A. Powell (UCD); 2 exs., Mendocino Co., Hopland Field Sta., Kelsey Cabin, Orchard area, 2600–2800’, 30.IV.1971, Robert Hislop (UCD); 1♂ Glenn Co., Cold Springs, Bear Wallow Ridge, 4 mi airline SW of Alder Springs, 5710 ft, 5.VII.1969, H. Leech (CAS); 1♂ Lake Co., Highway 20, Harley Gulch, 25.IV.1981, G. Challet (CHF); 1♀ Sierra Co., Sierraville, 3.7.1917, elevation 4950, H. Chandler (CAS); 4♂, 8 exs., Nevada Co., Donner Summit, 1 mi W Soda Springs, 7239’, 27.IX.1978, R.E. &amp; M.L. Roughley (JBWM); 7 exs., Nevada Co., Donner’s Summit at 180E, near Soda Springs, 2203 m, 24.IX.1986, R.G. Beutel &amp; R.E. Roughley (JBWM); 1 ex., Placer Co., VIII., A. Koebele (NDSUe); 1♀ Placer Co., Emigrant Gap, 27.VII.1966, P.H. Arnaud (CAS); 1♀ Placer Co., near Emigrant Gap, 17.VI.1989, F.N. Young (JBWM); 1♂ Tallac, VIII.03, E.C. VanDyke (CAS); 1 ex., Alpine Co., VII.34, J.E. Blum (CAS); 1 ex., Sonoma Co., near Jenner, 26.VI.1975, F.N. Young (JBWM); 1♂ Santa Rosa [Sonoma Co.], 15.V.38, H.B. Leech (CAS); 1♂, 10♀♀ Napa Co., Angwin, 26.IV.1975, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., Napa Co., Pope Valley, 7.V.1967, A. Keuter (CAS); 2♀♀ Marin Co., Mill Valley, Cascade Dam, Old Mill Creek, 6.V.1968, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., Marin Co., Pt. Reyes, 17.10.48, D. Giuliani (CAS); 1 ex., Marin Co., Lagunitas, 26.III.45 (CAS); 2♂♂ Marin Co., Interness, 22.V.1983, R.E. Roughley (JBWM); 2♂♂ Marin Co., 10. VI.06 (AMNH); 1♂, 2 exs., San Mateo Co., Pulgas Water Temple, n. [near or N?] Woodside, 1.III.1953, Paul S. Bartholomew (CAS); 3 exs., 10 mi NW Yosemite [Tuolumne Co.], elevation 7000, 21.VII.46, H.P. Chandler (CAS); 36 exs., Mariposa Co., NE slope Chowchilla Mts., at Stove Pipe Campground, 6100’, 6.VIII.71, H.B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., Madera Co., 4.75 mi airline ESE Fish Camp, 6400’, 9.VIII.1971, H. Leech (CAS); 1♂, 3 exs., Ihyo Co., Little Black Rock Spring, 28.V.1971, Derham Giuliani (CAS); 1 ex., same locality only 25.V.1971 (CAS); 1♂, 3 exs., Ihyo Co., Deep Springs, Deep Springs Valley, ca. 19 air mi E Bishop, II.1971, Derham Giuliani (CAS); 3 exs., Ihyo Co., Deep Springs Valley, Buckhorn Spring, 22.I.1972, Derham Giuliani (CAS); 1 ex., Ihyo Co., Tecopa, 26.XII.1972, Derham Giuliani (CAS); 1♀ " Shoshone, [Ihyo Co.], Joe Schuh (AMNH); 2♂♂, 2♀♀ Fresno Co., 60­ Lake Basin, Kings River, 21.VII.1910 (CAS); 16♂♂, 1♀, 89 exs., Fresno Co., 2 mi NW Ward Lake, road to Florence Lake, 7250’, 29.VIII.1971, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1♀, 4 exs., Fresno Co., S. Fk. [South Fork?], San Joaquin River under bridge in Mono Hot Springs, 6530 ft, 28.VIII.1971, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1 ex., Fresno Co., end of Stump Springs Road to Aspen Meadow, 6350’, W of Huntington Lake, 26.VIII.1971, H. Leech (CAS); 1♀, 2♂♂, 2 exs., Tulare Co., Mineral King, Mosquito Lakes, 16.VIII.1959, Paul S. Bartholomew (CAS); 2 exs., Carmel [Monterey Co.], 10.III.16 (JBWM); 1♀ Carmel, 14.III.16 (JBWM); 1 ex., Carmel, 12.III.16, Sleyin (JBWM); 10 exs., Paraiso Springs [Monterey Co.], 25.IV.1974, L.S. Sleyin (JBWM); 1 ex., same locality only 2.VI.1976 (JBWM); 1♂, 2 exs., San Bernardino Co., Holcomb Valley, 3.VI.1988, G.L. Challet (CGC); 1♀ Mohave [Mojave] Desert, Victorville, F.E. Winters (CAS); 2 exs., Riverside Co., Lake Hemet, 27.V.1979, G. Challet (CGC); 1 ex., Los Angeles Co., 1 mi S Gorman, 6.V.1981, G. Challet (CGC); 1♂ Cuyama Ranch, Cuyama Canyon [Santa Barbara Co.], 6.III.37, E. Ross, H.B. Leech, M. Cazier (CAS); 1♂, 2 exs., San Diego Co., La Posta Creek at Interstate Highway 8, 12.VII.1980 (CGC); 1 ex., San Mignel, 29.V.27 (JBWM). Utah (first record, was known as H. utahensis): 1♂, 1♀ Virgin River [Washington Co.] (AMNH). Arizona (first record, was known as H. hirtellus): 1♂ Santa Cruz Co., Pena Blanca Lake, Las Guijas Mountains, 17.X.1978, C. Olsen &amp; R.E. &amp; M.L. Roughley (JBWM). New Mexico (first record): 3♂♂, 2♀♀ Wall Lake [near Silver City], 16.IX.89, Carr (CNC).</p> <p>Doubtful or inexact localities: 1♂ G C, ♂, 198 [blue circle, hw] (CNC); 2 exs., B. A.,</p> <p>Ac. 5409. Coll. Chas Palm (AMNH).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>TL=3.52–4.52 mm, MW=1.76–2.36 mm, MW/TL–HL=0.53–0.57; habitus elongate, narrowly oval, in some specimens subparallel­sided (Figs. 1–4).</p> <p>Head reddish brown to black, with paler (yellowish red to reddish brown) vertex and clypeus, ventrally dark reddish brown to brownish black, with gula paler (yellowish red to reddish brown), gula paler then genae; pronotum with dark reddish brown to black disc, if dark reddish brown then at least anterior margin broadly black, and distinctly paler (yellowish red to dark brown) lateral band or sides; elytra pale reddish brown to blackish brown, paler basally and laterally, often with yellowish markings at the base (sometimes only at shoulder) and in some specimens also laterally in median part and subapically (Fig. 4); pronotal and elytral epipleura pale reddish brown to brown; antennomeres reddish brown to black, evidently paler basally, sometimes concolorous, antennomeres 1–2 sometimes not infuscate, yellowish red to reddish brown, antennomeres 5–11 stronger infuscate, palpi pale reddish brown (like gula) to brown, slightly infuscate apically; legs reddish brown, coxae dark brown medially; ventral side brownish black with reddish brown posterior margin of metacoxal processes and in many specimens with pale reddish brown to dark brown lateral spots on abdominal sternum 3 or 3–4; in teneral specimens ventral surface pale reddish brown except metasternum and metacoxal plates, ventral surface of head especially pale but gula paler then genae.</p> <p>Head with punctation relatively coarse and dense (spaces between punctures 1–3 times size of punctures); disc of pronotum with punctation sparser than on head (spaces between punctures 1–5 times size of punctures), with distinct, punctate impression at posterolateral angles; elytra with denser (spaces between punctures 1–3 times size of punctures), coarser, and more regular (not even) punctation than on disc of pronotum, denser and coherent at anterior part close to suture; epipleuron of elytron with large punctures, spaces between them 1–2 times size of punctures; metasternum, metacoxae, and abdominal sterna 1–2 with very large punctures, their medial part with very fine and sparse punctation, abdominal sterna 1–2 with punctation much denser than on metasternum and metacoxae, punctures with hairs; abdominal sterna 3–6 with punctures smaller and sparser than on abdominal sterna 1–2, punctation from relatively sparse and fine to denser and coarser; dorsal and ventral surfaces with evident microreticulation; in some specimens microreticulation stronger so that beetles appearing less shiny, dull.</p> <p>Pronotum with evident, relatively broad lateral bead; sides of pronotum slightly rounded and convergent; epipleura slightly visible at anterior angles in lateral view; pronotum sinuate at base so that posterolateral angles distinctly produced. Lateral margin of elytron weakly to moderately ascending towards shoulder; epipleuron not or slightly visible at shoulder angle. Prosternum with declivity of prosternal process distinct, prominence evident. Metacoxal lines parallel, or subparallel, or diverging anteriorly; posterior margins of metacoxal processes conjointly truncate to distinctly angulate (Figs. 14–18).</p> <p>Protibia with a row of punctures on anterior face not reaching base of protibia and with a few punctures basally frequently forming an irregular, short row (which can reach to middle of protibia or further) so that row on protibia appearing double or irregularly broken (Figs. 9, 10); in some specimens (especially from California) row singular, but starting dorsally on anterior surface not ventrally as in most species of the nigellus ­group, or rather short and not reaching base of tibia; in rare specimens protibia of one leg with singular row of punctures (or with chaotic punctures) and protibia of the other with "normal" double row.</p> <p>Male: Protarsomeres 1–3 dilated, rather small, variable in shape (elongate­oval, rarely rounded) and size: Lprot3=0.15–0.19 mm, Lprot2=0.09–0.12 mm, protarsomere 3 the narrowest: Wprot3=0.12–0.15 mm, Wprot2=0.14–0.18 mm, Wprot1=0.14–0.16 mm, Wprot3/Lprot3=0.72–0.94 (Figs. 23, 26–31); protarsus with claws equal or subequal, anterior can be slightly shorter (Figs. 38–44). Median lobe of aedeagus straight or very slightly curved in lateral view (Figs. 57, 60, 62–67) and in ventral view as in Figs. 58, 61, paramere as in Fig. 59.</p> <p>Female: Protarsomeres not modified, narrow (Fig. 55). Protarsal claws not modified, slender than in male. Dorsal microreticulation same as in male or slightly stronger developed. Gonocoxosternum and gonocoxa as in Figs. 51, 53.</p> <p>Variability</p> <p>The species shows great variability in body shape and size, coloration, punctation, and shape of posterior margin of the metacoxal processes. From all studied specimens, small size, parallel­sided body shape, and pale coloration are more characteristic for beetles from Alaska (Fig. 3). They often have an almost uniformly pale pronotum, with darker anterior margin, because the pale lateral margin of the pronotum is broad and conjoined with the pale posterior margin. The specimens from northern populations more often have pale markings on the elytra. Beetles from locations further southwards have the body more rounded (Figs. 1, 2). They are larger and darker, being characteristic for specimens from California. Also the punctation of the dorsal and ventral surface of the body is denser and coarser in specimens from more southern populations though not always. For example the punctation of the abdominal sterna 3–6 varies from relatively sparse and less coarse (Alaska, British Columbia, Idaho, California: Fresno Co.) to much denser and coarser, especially on the apex of the abdominal sternum 6 (California: Trinity Co., Arizona). Some specimens (California: Fresno Co.) have the punctation of the head very irregular (spaces between punctures 1–10 times size of punctures) and relatively fine.</p> <p>Variability of the shape of the posterior margin of the metacoxal processes may be frequently observed. Slightly to strongly angulate posterior margin of the metacoxal processes was found in specimens from the same population in Unalaska, Alaska (Figs. 14, 15). The metacoxal processes with a conjointly angulate posterior margin are displayed in seven specimens and with a truncate posterior margin in five specimens from one population: Victoria, British Columbia. Also, both shapes were found in specimens from British Columbia: Hope (Figs. 16, 17), Idaho: Emida, and California: Trinity Co. In addition, there is variability in the shape of the protarsomere 3 (Figs. 23, 26–31, in the same population in Figs. 27, 28) and relative length of the protarsal claws (Figs. 38–44, in the same population in Figs. 39, 40 and 41, 42). The latter sometimes is difficult to appreciate since the very tops of the claws can be broken. I studied the material for a possible correlation of the characters. For example a possibility could be as follows: parallel­sided beetles with the sparser and finer punctation (especially of the abdominal sternum 6), with the smaller narrower protarsomere 3, and longer, almost equal protarsal claws in male belong to H. longiusculus; more rounded beetles with the denser and coarser punctation, with broader protarsomere 3 and more unequal claws belong to H. hirtellus. However, these two hypothetical species have not been found. The characters do not occur in such combinations, they are not correlated. The species is less variable in the structure of the puncture row on the protibia, only in some specimens it is singular (see "Description").</p> <p>Remarks on the synonymy</p> <p>The herein proposed synonymy of H. hirtellus with H. longiusculus confirms doubts about the validity of the former species previously stated by several authors (Gemminger and Harold 1868; Crotch 1873; Sharp 1882; Horn 1883) including LeConte himself. He wrote (1855) that it might be the female of H. subpubescens LeConte. Being not aware of the synonymy with H. subpubescens published by Gemminger and Harold (1868) and accepted by Crotch (1873), Sharp (1882) wrote that H. hirtellus was perhaps more allied to H. modestus Aubé (a synonym of H. niger Say) than to H. tenebrosus LeConte (he assumed that H. subpubescens could be synonym of H. tenebrosus) and noticed the resemblance with H. planus (F.). Horn (1883) wrote that in his opinion the name H. tenebrosus should be applied to H. despectus Sharp, H. hirtellus, H. perplexus, H. rusticus Sharp, and H. subpubescens. However, since Fall’s work (1923) H. hirtellus was treated as a valid species and H. perplexus was recognized as its synonym. My examination of the types of H. hirtellus and its synonym H. perplexus showed that both are conspecific with H. longiusculus.</p> <p>Hydroporus utahensis was described by Gordon (1981). He wrote that the species resembled H. despectus and H. hirtellus but could be distinguished from them by the following diagnostic characters:</p> <p>– from H. despectus: the broad constriction of the aedeagus in the basal third; the finer punctation of the dorsal surface, and "the gena [genae] is piceous or at least considerably darker than the submentum [gula]",</p> <p>– from H. hirtellus: more elongate habitus and the sparser punctation of the elytra. Also "the lateral margin of the pronotum is wider in utahensis than any of the related species".</p> <p>Larson et al. (2000) treated the species as valid but in need of a careful reevaluation. My examination of the holotype has shown that H. utahensis is conspecific with H. longiusculus. The constriction of the median lobe mentioned in the original description is not observed and it was most likely due to drying of the median lobe which is often observed not only in H. longiusculus but also in the other species. The other mentioned characters were found to represent infraspecific variability (see "Description" and "Variability").</p> <p>Ecology</p> <p>The species occurs among submerged vegetation (i.e. Carex) in small alpine, grassland, and forest pools, lakes, and ponds (Larson et al. 2000). It also inhabits swaps near the lakes, bogs, and muddy puddles as well as flowing water­bodies like roadside ditches and small streams. It is known from mineral spring water. Hydroporus longiusculus occurs at altitudes up to 2286 m a.s.l. (California: Mono Co.).</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>CANADA: British Columbia. USA: Alaska, Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana (see " Type material"), Nevada, California, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico (Fig. 87).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C71EF581F538468FEE3FDCA3997FB00	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shaverdo, Helena V.	Shaverdo, Helena V. (2006): Revision of the longiusculus-group of the genus Hydroporus Clairville, 1806 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Zootaxa 1170 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1170.1.2, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1170.1.2
1C71EF581F59847EFEE3FAEA39F0F918.text	1C71EF581F59847EFEE3FAEA39F0F918.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hydroporus pervicinus Fall 1923	<div><p>Hydroporus pervicinus Fall, 1923</p> <p>Hydroporus pervicinus Fall, 1923: 84 (orig. descr.); Anderson 1962: 63; Gordon &amp; Post 1965: 17 (diagn.); Larson 1975: 311 (descr.); Larson et al. 2000: 399 (descr.); Nilsson 2001: 162 (cat.).</p> <p>Hydroporus similaris Fall, 1923: 85 (orig. descr.); Larson et al. 2000: 380 (descr.); Nilsson 2001: 166 (cat.); syn.n.</p> <p>Hydroporus hirsutus Gordon, 1981: 117 (orig. descr.); Larson et al. 2000: 401 (descr.); Nilsson 2001: 161 (cat.); syn.n.</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Hydroporus pervicinus: Holotype: ♂ "Lake Tahoe \ Cal. \ Jul 17 21 97", " ♂ " [small label], "Type \ pervicinus." [partly hw Fall], "Type \ 23943" [red], " H.C. Fall \ collection", " Holotype \ Hydroporus pervicinus \ Fall 1923 " (MCZ).</p> <p>Type locality: USA, California, Lake Tahoe.</p> <p>Note: according to the original description there are paratypes from the same locality as the holotype and from British Columbia in SINM (Sherman’s collection) as well as a single male from "Above Ouray, Colorado, Toll Road, 8000–9000 ft. " (Wickham’s collection). The paratypes have not been found in SINM and MCZ.</p> <p>Hydroporus similaris: Holotype: ♂ "Corvallis \ Oreg", " ♂ " [small label], "Type. \ similaris" [partly hw Fall], "M.C.Z. \ Type \ 23954" [red], " H.C. Fall \ Collection", " Holotype \ Hydroporus \ similaris \ Fall 1923 " [hw] (MCZ).</p> <p>Type locality: USA, Oregon, Corvallis.</p> <p>Note: according to the original description there are paratypes from the same locality as the holotype and one paratype from the Frazer [Fraser] Valley, British Columbia; all types were collected by Sherman. It is unknown where the paratypes are deposited. They have not found in SINM and MCZ.</p> <p>Hydroporus hirsutus: Holotype: ♂ " Mt. Goethe \ Fresno Co. Calif. \ 9.VII.1952 \ Peter Raven" [partly hw], "12600 \ ft. elev." [hw], " Holotype \ Hydroporus hirsutus \ Robert Gordon", " California Academy \ of Sciences \ Type No. 9837" (CAS).</p> <p>Type locality: USA, California, Fresno County, Mount Goethe.</p> <p>Note: according to the original description there are 15 paratypes from the same locality as the holotype which are deposited in CAS, SINM. The paratypes are with blue labels (personal communication with R. Gordon). The paratypes have not been found in SINM and I was not able to receive them from CAS.</p> <p>Additional material</p> <p>Canada: British Columbia: 3♂♂, 5♀♀ Blue Creek, Yalakom River, 6500’, 21.VIII.42, G.B. Leech (CNC, CAS); 1♂, 1♀ Yalakom River, 21.VIII.42, Hugh B. Leech (CNC); 1♀ E nderby, at brick factory, 19.VI.38, G.B. Leech (CNC); 1♂ Mt. Apex, 5800’, 12.VIII.1933, A.N. Gartrell (CNC); 1♂ Copper Mtn., 10.VI.1929, G. Stace Smith (CNC); 1♂ same locality only 17.IX.1929 (CNC); 1♂ 21.VIII.1929 (JBWM); 2♂ Coquihalla, Highway at Coldwater River, 16.IX.88, Carr (CNC); 1 ex., Red Pass, 8.VIII.1932, G. Stace Smith (CNC); 1♂, 5♀♀ Fraser Valley (AMNH); 2♂♂, 1♀ Iskut, Highway 37, 11.VII.87, Carr (CNC). Alberta: 2♀♀ Manyberries, 21.VII.60, (CNC); 1♂, 1♀ Cypress Hills, 20.V.61, Carr (CGC, CNC); 1♂, 1♀ Cypress Hills, 23.VII.26, F.S. Carr (JBWM); 1♂ Empress, 7.VI.1957, MacNay (CNC); 1♂ Medicine Hat, 12.VI 1930, J.H. Pepper (CNC); 1♂, 1♀ Medicine Hat, 31.VIII.24, F.S. Carr (JBWM); 1♂ same locality only 31.V.24 (JBWM); 1♂, 1♀ Aden, 20.VII.60, Carr (CNC); 1 ♀ 2.5 mi SW Onefour, 22.V.1977, R.E. &amp; M.L. Roughley (JBWM); 1♀ Junction Highway 2 and Little Bow River, 9.IV.1971, D. &amp; M. Larson (JBWM); 3♂♂, 6♀♀ N Cressday, Twp. [township] 6, Rge. [range] 1, W 4 Mer. [meridian], 10.05.1980, Carr (CHS); 2♂♂ Twp. 6, Rge. 1 W 4 Mer. [south Cypress Hills], 10.V.1980, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Twp. 6, Rge. 7 W 4 Mer. [west Orion], 31.III.1972, Carr (CNC); 2♀♀ " Twp. 13, Rge. 4 W 4 Mer. [east Medicine Hat], 21.V.1961, Carr (CGC, CNC); 1♂ Twp. 18, Rge. 26 W 4 Mer. [near Brand], 23.IV.1972, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Twp. 1, Rge. 12 W 4 Mer. [southeast Masinasin], 2.VII.1972 Carr (CNC); 1♂ Twp. 28, Rge. 2 W 4 Mer. [near Sibbald], 20.VI.1985, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Gleichen, 25.III.1956, Carr (CNC); 1 ex., Twp. 6, Rge. 3 W 5 Mer. [west Beaver Mines], 6.VII.1961, Carr (CNC); 1 ex., 4 mi N Lundbreck, 12.VII.1971, Larson (JBWM); 2♂♂ Twp. 13, Rge. 4 W 5 Mer. [west Claresholm], 12.VII.1961, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Calgary, 24.III.1956, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Calgary, 3.V.1953, Carr (CNC); 1♀ Calgary, 10.IV.1944, E.J. Kiteley (CNC); 2♂♂ Jumpingpound Creek, 22.IV.1972, Carr (CNC); 2♂♂, 3♀♀ 15 mi SE Calgary, 4.IV.71, D. &amp; M. Larson (CNC); 11♂♂, 7♀♀ near East Coulee, Twp. 28, Rge. 17 W 4 Mer., 29.III.1986, Carr (CHS); 1♂, 1♀ Piegen Indian Reserve, 23.VI.26, F.S. Carr (JBWM); 2♂♂ Twp. 25, Rge. 3 W 5 Mer., 2.V.1980, J. Carr (CGC); 1♀ Wisdom [?], 21.VII.60, Carr (CNC). Saskatchewan: 2♂♂ Twp. 8, Rge. 27 W 3 Mer. [near Cypress Hill Provincial Park], 22.VIII.1986, Carr (CNC); 4♂♂ Twp. 8, Rge. 28, W 3 Mer. [W Cypress Hill Provincial Park], 21.08.1986, Carr (CHS); 1♂ Twp. 6, Rge. 2 W 3 Mer. [Twelve Mile Lake], 22.VII.1986, Carr (CNC); 1♀ Twp. 6, Rge. 2 W 3 Mer., 21.VI.1990, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Twp. 8, Rge. 5 W 2 Mer. [near Kisbey], 1.VIII.1994, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Lake Alma, 27.IV.87, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Assiniboia, 10.VII.1973, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Assiniboia, 7.VIII.1971, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Regina, 14.V.1944, C.C. Shaw (CAS); 1♀ Roche Percee, 4.VIII., J.B. Wallis (CNC). Manitoba: 14♂♂, 2♀♀ Highway 3, 2.8 km N junction with 256N, near Pierson, 19.IX.1985, R.E. Roughley (JBWM, CHS); 1♂ Aweme, 30.VII.22, J.B. Wallis (CNC); 2♂♂, 2♀♀ Aweme, 6.VII.20, J.B. Wallis (CNC, JBWM); 1♀ Aweme, 30.VII.1922, N. Criddle (CNC); 1♂, 1♀ near <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-101.212776&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=49.68" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -101.212776/lat 49.68)">Reston</a>, 28–29.VII.02, Shaverdo H. &amp; Alperin M., 49º40’48"N 101º12’46"W (CHS); 1♀ Winnipeg, 24.V.24, J.B. Wallis (JBWM); 1♀ same locality only 22.VI.24 (JBWM); 1♀ Twp. 7, Rge. 10 E, 19.XII., J.B. Wallis (JBWM).</p> <p>USA: Washington: 1♂, 1♀ Ritzville, 17.V.1921, M.C. Lane (JBWM); 1♂, 8 exs., Highway 23, 3 km N Lamont, 12.VI.84, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Reardan, 18.IV.83, Carr (CNC). Montana: 1♂, 1♀ Highway 323, 45 mi N Alzada [Carter Co.], 23.VII.90, Carr (CNC). Note: the species was previously reported from the state by Gordon (1969): Glacier Co. and Meagher Co. The records confirm that the species occurs in Montana. North Dakota: 3♂♂, 9♀♀ Stutsman Co., Cottonwood Lake, 2.IV.1980, B.A. Hanson &amp; G.A. Swanson (NDSUe); 1♀ same locality only 18.IV.1980 (NDSUe); 1♀ 18.IV.1980 (NDSUe); 1♂, 1♀ 2.V.1979 (NDSUe). Note: the species was previously reported from the state by Gordon &amp; Post (1965): Sioux Co. and by Gordon (1969): Sioux Co., Williams Co., and Towner Co. The records confirm that the species occurs in North Dakota. Oregon: 1♂, 1♀ "Corvallis [Benton Co.], 20.V.1938, Hugh B. Leech (CAS); 1♂ Corvallis 22.IX. (AMNH); 1♂ Corvallis, 15.III.1936, N.P. Larson (AMNH); 1♂ Eugene [Lane Co.], 26.VI.41, B. Malkin (CNC); 3♂♂, 12♀♀, 13 exs., Wasco Co., Mt. Hood National Forest, FSR 4310 at Clear Creek, 5.VI.1989, C.G. &amp; D.A. Pollock (JBWM, CHS); 6 exs., Wasco Co., Mt. Hood National Forest, FSR 4310 at Clear Creek Campground,. 5.VI.1989, D.A. Pollock (JBWM); 3♂♂, 13♀♀ Steen [Steens] Mt. Road, South Limb [Harney Co.], 23.VI.84, Carr (CNC); 7♂♂, 12♀♀ Highway 140 at Blue Creek [Lake Co., near Lakeview], 25.VI.84, Carr (CNC, JBWM); 3♀♀ Seneca [Grant Co.], 18.VI.84, Carr (CNC); 6♂♂, 3♀♀ Silver Lake [Lake Co.], 1.VII.84, Carr (CNC, CHS); 3♂♂, 1♀ Highway 205, 20 mi N Fields Junction [Harney Co.], 20.VI.84, Carr (CNC); 1♀ same locality only 21.VI.84 (CNC); 1♀ 11 mi, 22.VI.84 (CNC); 3♂♂, 1♀ Barton Lake Reservoir [Clackamas Co.?], 19.VI.84, Carr (CNC); 7♂♂, 3♀ Silvies [Grant Co.], 18.VI.84, Carr (CNC, CHS); 6♂♂ Bend, Swamp Wells, Deschutes National Forest, 3.VII.84, Carr (CNC); 2♂♂, 6♀♀, 1 ex., Highway 205, Roaring Springs Ranch, 20.IV.84, Carr (JBWM); 2♂♂ same locality only 22.VI.84 (CNC); 1♂, 7♀♀ 10 mi E Blizzard Gap, Highway 140, 24.VI.84, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Alkali Lake, 30.VI.84, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Klamath Co., Poe Valley, 13.V.1966, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1♂ Barkley Spring, Upper Klamath Lake, 6.VI.1960, Joe Schuh" (AMNH); 1♂ "Lake Co., 14 mi SW Plush, 6.VI.1958, Vertrees &amp; Schuh (AMNH). Idaho: 1♂ South Fork, Partridge Creek at Fish Creek Road, Targhee National Forest, 18.VI.86, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Junction Roads 294 &amp; 315, Targhee National Forest, 10.VI.86, Carr (CNC); 4♂♂, 2♀♀ 27 km S Prairie, 31.V.86, Carr (CNC, JBWM). Wyoming: 2♂♂ South Pass City [Fremont Co.], 7.VII.70, Carr (JBWM). Note: the species was previously reported from the state by Gordon (1969): Sheridan Co. and Yellowstone National Park. The records confirm that the species occurs in Wyoming. California: 1♂ Lower Klamath Lake, Ore. [California], 30.V.55, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1♀ Siskiyou Co., Medicine Lake, 22.IX.1965, Joe Schuh (AMNH); 1♂ Yuba Pass [Nevada Co.], 1.VII.91, Carr (CNC); 1♂, 1♀ Tahoe [Placer Co.], VII. (AMNH); 1♂ Siskiyou Co., 6 mi S Macdoel, 2.VII.1956, Joe Schuh" (AMNH); 1♀ Yosemite National Park [Mariposa Co.], 17.VIII.79, Fery (CHF). Note: see also " Type material". Nevada: 1♂ ½ mi E Spooners Summit, 15.VI.1957, P.C. &amp; R.W. Coleman (CAS); 3♂♂ White Pine Co., Snake Range, Wheeler Park, Stella Lake, 10800’, 29.VII.71, D.H. Kavanaugh (CAS); 2♂♂ White Pine Co., Snake Range, Great Basin National Park, Stella Lake, 10.400’, 12.VIII.1994, M.A. Ivie (MSUB); 3♀♀ Nevada (CNC, AMNH). Utah: 1♀ Wasatch National Forest, 12.VIII.66, Carr (CNC); 1♀ Manila, 8.VII.70, Carr" (CNC); 1♀ Spirit Lake, Uinta Mountains, 30.VI.86, Carr (CNC); 1♂, 1♀ Virgin River [Washington Co] (AMNH); 1♀ Dixie National Forest, near Panquitch Lake, 9.VII.2004, Wewalka (CGW). Colorado: 3♂♂, 2♀♀ Gove Pass, 11.VI.70, Carr (CNC); 2♂♂ Mancos, 23.VII.70, Carr (CNC); 1♂ Clear Creek Co., Berthoud Pass, 22.VII.69, O. Bazoska (CNC); 1♀ Boulder Co., Rollins Pass, 18.VIII.1981, A.C. Ashworth, elevation 10800’ (NDSUg); 3♂♂, 2♀♀ Nederland, Science Lodge, 11500’, 4.VII.61, B.H. Poole (CNC); 2♂♂ same locality only 27.VI.61 (CNC); 1♂, 3 exs., Garfield Co., White River Mts., Trappers Lake, 9800’, 14–15.VIII. 73, D.H. Kavanaugh (CAS). Note: see also " Type material". Arizona: 1♂, 1♀ Coconino Co., near Woods Canyon Lake, 4.VI.1983, J. Webb (CGC); 2♂♂, 5 exs., KaibabLodge, 18.VII.66, Carr" (CNC); 2♂♂, 4♀♀ Grand Canyon, North Rim, 8000–9100 ft, 19. VII.34, D. Rockefeller (AMNH); 9♂♂, 7♀♀ Kaibab National Forest, N Grand Canion, 14.7.2004, Wewalka (CGW); 16 exs., Mint Springs, Coconino National Forest, 26.IX.80, Carr (CNC); 6 exs., Kehl’s Spring, Coconino National Forest, 27.IX.80, Carr (CNC); 12 exs., Coconino Co., on Route 160, 2 to 3 mi E Mogollon Rim, 18.IX.68, P. Bartholomew (CAS); 1♀ Coconino Co., head of Tonto Creek, Cn. [canyon] Mogollon Mesa, 2350 m, 16, 21.VIII.1977, G.E. &amp; K.E. Ball (JBWM); 1♂ Apache National Forest, 10 mi SW Eagar, 16.VII.76, 2600 m, M. Campbell (CNC); 1♂ Gila Co., Sierra Ancha Mts., Aztec Peak, ca. 6.1 km SE junction 288 &amp; Tonto National Forest Road 487, s­facing slope, 2220 m, 31.VIII.1977, G.E. &amp; K.E. Ball (JBWM); 2♂♂ Cospino (AMNH).</p> <p>Description</p> <p>TL=3.56–4.64 mm, MW=1.80–2.32 mm, MW/TL–HL=0.52–0.57; habitus broadly oval to rather narrow and elongate (Figs. 5–8), somehow more convex than H. longiusculus, especially pronotum.</p> <p>Elytra paler than head and pronotum or coloration of dorsal surface uniformly brownish black with reddish brown lateral margins of pronotum; head reddish brown to black, with paler vertex, ventrally yellowish brown to dark brown, usually genae distinctly darker than gula (gula reddish, genae dark brown) or slightly darker then gula (gula reddish brown, genae dark reddish brown), sometimes genae darker than gula only close to sutures; pronotum reddish brown to black, with broadly paler margins; elytra uniformly reddish brown to black, sometimes with yellowish spots at base (Fig. 8); pronotal and elytral epipleura pale reddish brown to brown; antennomeres not concolorous, antennomeres 1–2 yellowish red to reddish brown, not infuscate, antennomeres 3–4 usually infuscate, antennomeres 5–11 dark brown to black, paler at their base; palpi pale reddish brown (like gula) to brown, infuscate apically or not; legs yellowish brown to paler or darker reddish brown, tibia and tarsi darker; ventral side brownish black with reddish brown posterior margin of metacoxal processes and usually with pale reddish brown to dark brown lateral spots on abdominal sternum 3 or 3–4.</p> <p>Head with punctation relatively coarse and dense (spaces between punctures 1–3 or 5 times size of punctures); disc of pronotum with punctation similar or denser than on head, with distinct, punctate impression at posterolateral angles; elytra with denser (spaces between punctures 1–2 times size of punctures), coarser, and more regular (not even) punctation than on disc of pronotum; epipleuron of elytron with large punctures, spaces between them 1–2 times size of punctures; metasternum, metacoxae, and abdominal sterna 1–2 with very large punctures, their medial part with very fine and sparse punctation, abdominal sterna 1–2 with punctation distinctly denser than on metasternum and metacoxae; abdominal sterna 3–6 with punctures much smaller and sparser than on abdominal sterna 1–2, abdominal sternum 6 with punctation rather variable among and within populations, from relatively sparse to rather dense; punctures with hairs; dorsal and ventral surfaces with evident microreticulation; most specimens with rather fine microreticulation, so that dorsal surface appearing shiny, some specimens with microreticulation stronger, thus appearing dull.</p> <p>Pronotum with evident, relatively broad lateral bead; sides of pronotum rounded and convergent; epipleura slightly visible at anterior angles in lateral view; pronotum slightly sinuate at its base so that posterolateral angles slightly but distinctly produced. Lateral margin of elytron weakly to moderately ascending toward shoulder. Prosternum with declivity of prosternal process distinct and prominence evident. Metacoxal lines parallel or subparallel, in rare specimens slightly diverging; posterior margins of metacoxal processes conjointly truncate to slightly angulate, in some specimens more sinuate than angulate (Figs. 19–22).</p> <p>Anterior surface of protibia with single puncture row which irregular basally—similar to row in H. longiusculus but in most specimens not so extreme (Figs. 11–13).</p> <p>Male: Protarsomeres 1–3 dilated, rather small, variable in shape (oval or rounded) and size: Lprot3=0.14–0.19 mm, Lprot2=0.09–0.12 mm, protarsomere 3 the narrowest: Wprot3=0.13–0.15 mm, Wprot2=0.14–0.18 mm, Wprot1=0.14–0.16 mm, Wprot3/ Lprot3=0.74–1.00 (Figs. 24, 25, 32–37); protarsus with claws distinctly unequal, the anterior one evidently shorter (2/3) and thicker than the other, in some specimens less unequal in length and often in thickness (Figs. 45–50). Median lobe of aedeagus straight to curved in lateral view (Figs. 68, 71, 73, 75, 76, 78–86), in ventral view broadly pointed to pointed (Figs. 69, 72, 74, 77). Paramere as in Fig. 70.</p> <p>Female: Protarsomere not modified, narrow, sometimes broader than in H. longiusculus (Fig. 56). Protarsal claws not modified, equal. Dorsal microreticulation same as in male or slightly stronger, sometimes females more shiny than males. Gonocoxosternum and gonocoxa as in Figs. 52, 54.</p> <p>Variability</p> <p>The species shows great variability in body shape, coloration, punctation, microreticulation, shape of posterior margin of the metacoxal processes, shape of male protarsomere 3, relative size of the protarsal claws, and shape of median lobe of the aedeagus.</p> <p>The shape of the body varies from broadly oval to elongate as well as from more convex to flatter. Most of the studied specimens have oval body shape. Specimens from Oregon display a body shape from broadly oval to rather narrow and elongate. Single beetles from British Columbia have a slightly discontinuous body outline due to a pronotum with rounded and protruded sides. Beetles from one population (27 km S Prairie Id 31. V.89 lot 1 Carr) in Idaho have the body more convex and narrower or broader and flatter.</p> <p>The coloration of the dorsal surface of the body varies from not uniform, with darker head and pronotum and paler elytra to uniformly black (or rarely reddish brown), with reddish lateral margin of pronotum. These two colorations are characteristic for specimens from all studied regions, except North Dakota where beetles are uniformly black, with lateral margin of the pronotum not distinctly paler. Some specimens from Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and Utah have yellowish spots at the base of the elytra similar to H. longiusculus (Fig. 8).</p> <p>The punctation of the dorsal surface of the body varies from sparser (e.g. in specimens from Manitoba) to denser (e.g. in specimens from Washington and Oregon). Also the microreticulation is differently developed (independently male or female), even in specimens from the same population (Oregon) so that the dorsal surface of the body can be from shiny to rather dull. These two forms are characteristic for the specimens from all studied regions. For example in males from Saskatchewan two examples are shiny, two with microreticulation of elytra more strongly developed, and two rather dull, with strongly developed microreticulation on the elytra and pronotum. Specimens with more strongly developed microreticulation have been more often observed in southern populations.</p> <p>The shape of the posterior margin of the metacoxal processes varies in specimens from all studied regions. For instance in beetles from Oregon it is truncate, in some specimens concave on both sides so that it s slightly sinuate to slightly angulate, and in some very slightly rounded (Figs. 19–22).</p> <p>The male protarsomere 3 varies in size and shape. In most specimens from Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta it is medium sized and square­rounded (Fig. 24). In beetles from more southern populations it is more variable, from small to large and from squarerounded to elongate (Figs. 25, 33–37). In British Columbia and Oregon specimens with smaller protarsomere 3 are more frequently observed (Figs. 32, 34). In Oregon the protarsomere 3 is larger and more rounded or smaller and narrower in specimens from the same population (Figs. 33, 34). Also the shape of the protarsomere 3 is found often variable in beetles from Colorado (Figs. 36, 37).</p> <p>Distinctly unequal male protarsal claws are characteristic for most studied beetles from different populations (Figs. 45–47, 49). However, beetles with less unequal claws (anterior one is less short) have been observed in the populations from Manitoba, Alberta, British Columbia, Wyoming, North Dakota, Idaho, Oregon, California (Fig. 48), and especially from Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. The specimens from Colorado have the claws distinctly unequal to almost equal in the same population (Figs. 49, 50).</p> <p>The median lobe of the aedeagus varies from almost straight in lateral view to conspicuously curved, with the apex more or less pointed in ventral view. The straight shape of the medial lobe is characteristic for most studied specimens. A slightly curved shape of the medial lobe has been observed in specimens from Manitoba, Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Colorado, Utah, Arizona (Figs. 75, 76, 78, 80, 85, 86), and especially from Oregon. The most sinuate shape is characteristic for specimens from Corvallis (Oregon) (Figs. 73, 83). Also in Oregon specimens variability of the shape of the medial lobe from straight to distinctly sinuate is very well expressed (Figs. 81–83).</p> <p>Remarks on the symonymy</p> <p>Hydroporus hirsutus was described by Gordon (1981), who wrote that the new species resembles H. pervicinus and can be separated from it by the piceous last segment of the maxillary palpus, the much finer punctation of the metasternal plate, and nearly equal male protarsal claws. Larson et al. (2000) found that the holotype does not agree well with Gordon’s description (it is smaller and the median lobe of the aedeagus is not constricted medially, which was obviously the same problem as with H. utahensis). They wrote that H. hirsutus "has no distinctive characters other than the conspicuous pale pubescence and somewhat obscure punctation of the metacoxal plane" as well as that the species is extremely close to H. pervicinus with the median lobe and protarsomeres indistinguishable, only the anterior protarsal claw of the male is slightly modified. My comparison of the holotype of H. hirsutus with numerous specimens of H. pervicinus from different localities showed that it is conspecific with H. pervicinus. The coloration of the last segment of the maxillary palpus is not a reliable character since it varies in H. pervicinus from reddish brown with infuscate apex to uniformly reddish brown, brown, and black. Even the holotype of H. pervicinus has brownish black last segments of the maxillary palpi. The punctation of the metasternum and metacoxae is a variable character, too. I examined specimens of H. pervicinus from Manitoba and British Columbia that also had a rather fine and obscure punctation on these sclerites. The anterior protarsal claw of the male is really not so strongly modified as in "normal" H. pervicinus, but it is distinctly shorter and more strongly curved than the posterior (Fig. 48). If the variability of this character in H. pervicinus is taken into consideration, one cannot fully rely only on it for distinguishing the species. Some studied specimens of H. pervicinus have the conspicuous pale pubescence like in H. hirsutus. The body size and shape, coloration, and pubescence of the holotypes of H. hirsutus and H. pervicinus are very similar (Figs. 6, 7).</p> <p>Hydroporus similaris was described by Fall (1923) together with H. pervicinus. He assumed that it resembled "most closely its near neighbor hirtellus ". In my opinion, H. similaris is conspecific with H. pervicinus, though it was never placed close to this species by the previous authors (Larson et al. 2000). My examination of the holotype showed that the species is similar to H. pervicinus in the body shape, slightly but distinctly protruding posterior angels of the pronotum, slightly irregular anterior puncture row on the protibia (Fig. 5), and unequal male protarsal claws. The last character was mentioned in the original description: "the anterior claw in the male is barely or scarcely as long and slightly thicker than its fellow", as well as by Gordon (1981: 117) "…but similaris males have the anterior protarsal claw distinctly shorter than the posterior". The only character that might indicate not being conspecific with H. pervicinus is the shape of the median lobe of the aedeagus. It is slender and more curved in the apical part in lateral view (Fig. 73) and more pointed in ventral view (Fig. 74). However, in my opinion, it is within the variability range of this character. I have studied three males (one of them was identified by Leech as H. pervicinus) from the same locality (Corvallis, Oregon) as the holotype. One of them is teneral and the other two have a similar shape of the median lobe as in the holotype (Fig. 83). Some specimens from other localities in Oregon and from Manitoba, Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Colorado, and Arizona, also have a curved median lobe, though not so distinct as in the specimens from Corvallis (Figs. 75, 76, 78, 80, 85, 86). What is more, the median lobe of the holotype is a bit damaged laterally at the apex that probably makes the curvature slightly stronger. In ventral view the shape of the median lobe is also variable (Figs. 69, 72, 74, 77). In addition, eight specimens (five females and three males) from Fraser Valley, British Columbia were studied. These specimens bear old locality labels "Franz Val BC". I assume that the paratype of H. similaris is also with such a label. Four females and two males were identified by Gordon as H. hirtellus, one female —as H. despectus rusticus. The male without identification label surely belongs to H. pervicinus. It has distinctly unequal protarsal claws and a slightly curved median lobe. All specimens have an irregular puncture row on the anterior surface of the protibia and the characteristic body shape of H. pervicinus with slightly protruding posterior angels of the pronotum. Therefore, none of them belongs to H. despectus. I consider that the females belong rather to H. pervicinus than to H. hirtellus since they are smaller, narrower, and slightly more convex than the two males of H. hirtellus, of the same shape as the male of H. pervicinus. Besides, the pronotum is darker than the elytra and the puncture row of the protibia is slightly irregular, whereas the two males of H. hirtellus are uniformly coloured and with the puncture row strongly irregular.</p> <p>As a result of the facts mentioned above I believe that H. similaris should be considered a synonym of H. pervicinus.</p> <p>Ecology</p> <p>According to Larson et al. (2000) the species occurs along margins of small, often temporary, grassland ponds—one of the few grassland species, which in Alberta shows a higher level of habitat association with Hygrotus species than with other species of Hydroporus. In Manitoba I collected this species in a grassland pond strongly overgrown with Typha and with much decaying vegetation. In Colorado H. pervicinus is recorded from a pond at tree line, at altitude ca. 3300 m. In Arizona the species was collected in a creek in the conifer forest, at altitude 2350 m. It is also known from streams, brooks, rivers, pools, and alkaline lakes.</p> <p>Distribution</p> <p>CANADA: Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia. USA: Washington, Montana, North Dakota, Minnesota: Bengal, Hibbing, St. Paul (Wallis 1973), Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, and Arizona (Fig. 87).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C71EF581F59847EFEE3FAEA39F0F918	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shaverdo, Helena V.	Shaverdo, Helena V. (2006): Revision of the longiusculus-group of the genus Hydroporus Clairville, 1806 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Zootaxa 1170 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1170.1.2, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1170.1.2
1C71EF581F4C847AFEE3F9E93F9CFCA8.text	1C71EF581F4C847AFEE3F9E93F9CFCA8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hydroporus simplex Gordon. During 1981	<div><p>Hydroporus simplex Gordon</p> <p>Hydroporus simplex Gordon, 1981: 114 (orig. descr.); Larson et al. 2000: 379 (descr.); Nilsson 2001: 159 (cat.).</p> <p>Type material</p> <p>Hydroporus simplex: Holotype: ♂ " Pinecrest, Cal \ Tuolumne Co. \ 13–VII–1948 \ P.H. Arnaud ", " Holotype \ Hydroporus simplex \ Robert Gordon" [red], " California Academy \ of Sciences \ Type No. 9839" (CAS).</p> <p>Type locality: USA, California, Tuolumne County, Pinecrest.</p> <p>In Larson et al. (2000) H. simplex was recognized as a member of the subpubescens ­ group. According to the results of the present work, this group now includes only one species, H. subpubescens. This species is very similar to representatives of the nigellus ­ group, especially to H. tenebrosus; therefore, distinguishing of the subpubescens ­group is found unnecessary. The subpubescens ­group is omitted, and H. subpubescens is transferred to the nigellus ­group. Nilsson (2001) placed H. simplex in the longiusculusgroup probably because of its slightly angulate metacoxal processes. As shown above, this character is variable in the representatives of the group and alone cannot support placing H. simplex in the longiusculus­ group. Based on my examination of this species I think that it is rather similar to species of the nigellus ­group, especially more similar to H. despectus, than to H. longiusculus and H. pervicinus. It shares with them a single puncture row on the anterior surface of the protibia, the non­produced posterolateral angles of the pronotum, and the median lobe of the aedeagus sinuate in lateral view. Therefore, it is suggested that H. simplex be placed in the nigellus ­group.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C71EF581F4C847AFEE3F9E93F9CFCA8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shaverdo, Helena V.	Shaverdo, Helena V. (2006): Revision of the longiusculus-group of the genus Hydroporus Clairville, 1806 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae). Zootaxa 1170 (1): 27-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1170.1.2, URL: https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.1170.1.2
