taxonID	type	description	language	source
2361878ABD63FFB4D123FB13D1229BEF.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 – 2)	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD63FFB4D123FB13D1229BEF.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype male labeled ‘‘ HONDURAS: El Paraiso, 8.3 km SE Capire, 675 m, N 138589540, W 858499250, 17 Abril 1999, RD Cave & J. Torres. ’’ Single male paratype with same data except date of 12 June 1999 and collector R. Cave. Holotype deposited at the University of Nebraska State Museum. Paratype deposited in the Brett C. Ratcliffe collection (Lincoln, NE).	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD63FFB4D123FB13D1229BEF.taxon	description	Description of Holotype. Male. Length 22.9 mm; width 10.2 mm. Color black. Head: Frons with surface densely punctate to rugopunctate; punctures moderately large, deep, nearly confluent; center of frons with nearly round depression, depression rugopunctate within. Frontoclypeal 334 juncture with 2 tubercles. Clypeus with surface rugopunctate at center, sparsely punctate on sides; apex nearly pointed, strongly reflexed; strong carina from apex to base of each tubercle absent. Eyes large, interocular width equals 3.3 transverse eye diameters. Antenna 10 - segmented, club subequal in length to segments 2 – 7. Mandibles arcuate on lateral edge, apices acute. Pronotum: Surface on anterior fifth moderately densely punctate; punctures large, mostly transverse, becoming confluent in anterior angles; remainder of surface either side of longitudinal furrow with sparse, moderate to large punctures, punctures becoming slightly smaller and denser at lateral and basal margins. Median, longitudinal furrow moderately deep and broad, extending anteriorly from near base to well-past middle but not near anterior margin; surface within furrow with large, dense, confluent punctures. Two small, rounded, transverse tubercles present just behind anterior margin, one either side of midline. Base with complete marginal bead. Elytra: Rows of punctures in furrows; punctures moderate in size, deep, ocellate, separated from one another by less than a puncture diameter. Intervals distinctly and equally convex, with sparse micropunctures. Pygidium: Surface moderately densely punctate; punctures moderately large, ocellate, minutely setigerous except for a few long, tawny setae near margins either side of middle. In lateral view, surface regularly convex. Legs: Foretibia quadridentate. Posterior tibia at apex with strong, acute tooth on upper angle and several short, broad spinules below upper angle. Apex of first tarsomere of posterior tarsus extended into long, acute spine. Venter: Prosternal process short, broad, with 3 parallel, transverse depressions. Last sternite with narrow, transverse row of rugosity near base. Parameres: Figures 1 – 2. Paratype. Male. Length 19.9 mm; width 8.8 mm. The paratype does not differ significantly except that the sides of the pygidium have several long, tawny setae.	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD63FFB4D123FB13D1229BEF.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hemiphileurus cavei is known only from the type locality in central Honduras. Locality Records (2 specimens examined). HONDURAS (2) EL PARAISO (2): 8.3 km SE Capire. Temporal Distribution. April (1), June (1).	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD63FFB4D123FB13D1229BEF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Hemiphileurus cavei is distinctive because of the quadridentate foretibia and the unique form of the male parameres. Only four other species of Hemiphileurus have quadridentate foretibiae: H. dispar (Kolbe) from Hispaniola, H. microps (Burmeister) from Mexico and Guatemala, H. illatus from the United States and Mexico, and H. parvus Dupuis and Dechambre from Cuba. Hemiphileurus cavei most closely resembles H. microps except that the parameres differ significantly (Figs. 1, 3).	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD63FFB4D123FB13D1229BEF.taxon	etymology	Etymology. This species is named after my friend and colleague, Dr. Ronald D. Cave (formerly Escuela Agricultura Panamericana, Zamarano, Honduras; now University of Florida, Ft. Pierce), who collected the specimens.	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD63FFB4D123FB13D1229BEF.taxon	biology_ecology	Biology. As with most species of Phileurini, nothing is known of the biology of this species. According to Ron Cave (pers. comm., August 2002), the type locality is a low elevation, broadleaf forest with a highly diverse vegetation with large trees on steep slopes. Pine trees, nearly ubiquitous in much of Honduras, are absent. This locality undergoes a severe dry season from January to May during which a few trees lose all their leaves. This forest is a remnant island surrounded by massive deforestation that has occurred during the last ten years.	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD62FFB1D128FAECD09C9D16.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material. Holotype male labeled ‘‘ Guatemala: Chimaltenango, Actenango, VIII- 5 - 1965, approx 1500 M. ’’ Allotype labeled ‘‘ Yepocapa, Guatemala, III-VI. 45, H. Elishewitz. ’’ Six paratypes with the following data: as holotype (2 males); ‘‘ Yepocapa, Guatemala, III-VI. 45, H. Elishewitz’ ’ (1 male); ‘‘ Guatemala: San Marcos, La Fraternidad, 1900 M, X- 1996, J. Monzon’ ’ (1 male); (a) ‘‘ Guatemala, A. Alfaró, ’’ (b) ‘‘ Museo Nacional Costa Rica (printed), Guatemala? (written), Col. A. Alfaro? (written), ’’ (c) ‘‘ Costa Rica, INBIO, CR 1001, 114474 (1 male); ‘‘ San Marcos, Guatemala, IX. 1966 ’’ (1 male). 336 Holotype, allotype, and one paratype deposited at the University of Nebraska State Museum. Remaining paratypes deposited at the Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica), U. S. National Museum (Washington, D. C., currently at University of Nebraska State Museum), Roger-Paul Dechambre collection (Paris, France), and Brett C. Ratcliffe collection (Lincoln, NE).	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD62FFB1D128FAECD09C9D16.taxon	description	Description of Holotype. Male. Length 19.6 mm; width 8.9 mm. Color black. Head: Surface nearly smooth. Vertex and frons with deep, suboval hollow. Frons with 2 stout horns; horns long (subequal in length to width between eyes), slightly recurved, acuminate. Clypeus triangular, apex acute and strongly reflexed; strong carina extending from clypeal apex to base of each horn, region between each carina elevated from plane of disc. Eyes small, interocular width equals 10.0 transverse eye diameters. Antenna with 10 segments, club subequal in length to segments 2 – 7. Mandibles arcuate on lateral edge, apices acute. Pronotum: Surface with large, deep punctures; punctures sparse either side of median furrow and on sides, moderate in density on disc between furrow and sides, and dense (confluent) in anterior angles. Median, longitudinal furrow shallow, broad, extending anteriorly from near base to just past middle of disc; surface within furrow with sparse, moderate to large punctures, some confluent. Base with complete marginal bead. Elytra: Rows of punctures in furrows; punctures moderate to large, ocellate-umblicate, separated by about 1 puncture diameter or less between large punctures or 2 diameters between smaller punctures. Intervals moderately convex, all subequal in height, with sparse micropunctures. Pygidium: Surface moderately densely punctate; punctures moderate to large, minutely setigerous, becoming slightly sparser apically. In lateral view, surface regularly convex. Legs: Foretibia tridentate. Posterior tibia at apex with strong, acute tooth on upper angle and with several minute serrations and short, broad spinules below upper angle. Apex of first tarsomere of posterior tarsus extended into long, acute spine. Venter: Prosternal process short, columnar, apex bluntly rounded and with transverse groove, posterior surface at base with weak prominence. Last sternite with several moderately large punctures along basal margin, sparsely micropunctate elsewhere. Parameres: Figures 4 – 5. Allotype. Length 18.7 mm; width 8.7 mm. Color reddish brown. As holotype except in the following respects: Head: Surface with dense, moderately large punctures, punctures sparse to absent laterad of clypeal carina. Vertex and frons lacking hollow. Frons with 2 strong tubercles, not horns. Pronotum: Median furrow extends to center of disc only. Pygidium: Surface densely punctate and slightly depressed at base either side of middle. In lateral view, surface weakly convex in basal 2 / 3, strongly convex in apical third. Paratypes. Males (6). Length 16.5 – 20.3 mm; width 8.0 – 9.2 mm. As holotype except in the following respects: Head: Horns reduced to large tubercles in 2 specimens. Pronotum: Median furrow extends from near base to center of disc or just past center. Pygidium: Surface densely punctate (punctures virtually contiguous), with large punctures.	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD62FFB1D128FAECD09C9D16.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Hemiphileurus dechambrei is known only from Guatemala. Locality Records (8 specimens examined). GUATEMALA (8) CHIMAL- TENANGO (5): Acatenango, Yepocapa; SAN MARCOS (2): La Fraternidad, San Marcos; No data (1). Temporal Distribution. March to June (2), August (3), September (1), November (1).	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD62FFB1D128FAECD09C9D16.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species most closely resembles H. cylindroides (Bates) and H. simplex (Prell) because of the pronotal and elytral sculpturing, presence of horns (as opposed to tubercles) in the male majors, and the mostly finely punctate last sternite. The only reliable way to distinguish these species is by the form of the male parameres (Figs. 4, 6 – 7). Females can be identified only by being collected in association with males. Nomenclature. Hemiphileurus cylindroides sensu Endrödi (1978, 1985) is, in fact, the new species described here! Endrödi clearly illustrated the parameres of what he thought to be Bates’ H. cylindroides, and, had he examined the Bates syntypes at the British Museum, the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, or the Canadian Museum 338 of Nature, he would have realized that he had these two species’ characterizations reversed. Consequently, the illustrations of the parameres in his 1985 manual are erroneous: his picture of H. costaricensis (Fig. 2131) is really H. cylindroides, and his picture of H. cylindroides (Fig. 2132) is really the un-named species that is described here as H. dechambrei. Lastly, most of the countries listed for H. cylindroides sensu Endrödi refer to those countries from whence the types came for Bates’ H. cylindroides. Consequently, H. dechambrei (¼ cylindroides sensu Endrödi) is not known to occur in Costa Rica and Panama.	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
2361878ABD62FFB1D128FAECD09C9D16.taxon	etymology	Etymology. I am pleased to name this species in honor of Roger-Paul Dechambre (Paris, France) for his many contributions to the study of Dynastinae and for his discovery that the parameres of the Bates syntypes of H. cylindroides at the Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle were not the same as those illustrated by Endrödi.	en	Ratcliffe, Brett C. (2003): New Species of Hemiphileurus Kolbe from Honduras and Guatemala (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Phileurini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 57 (3): 334-338, DOI: 10.1649/628, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/628
