identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
233D87B6FFC4E868BCED3193FD66F997.text	233D87B6FFC4E868BCED3193FD66F997.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micromorphus Mik 1878	<div><p>Genus Micromorphus Mik</p><p>Micromorphus Mik, 1878: 6 . Type species: Hydrophorus albipes Zetterstedt, 1843, orig. des.</p><p>Diagnosis. Small sized (wing length &lt;1.5 mm), often dull brown/ grey coloured species; arista usually dorsal, and often in slight indentation subtended by short ventral projection; dorsal postcranium flat; acrostichal setae absent; 5 dorsocentral setae, sometimes 4; two strong medial scutellar setae only; posterior mesonotum distinctly flattened anteriad of scutellum (Fig. 2c); legs rather bare of major setae except for distinct anterior preapicals on FII and FIII (Fig. 2a), and TII with strong ad seta and weak pd seta near 1/3; hypopygium usually on elongate peduncle that can be exserted (Figs 1a, b); male sternite 8 usually with distinct median dorsoventral sclerotized band (Figs 1b, 2b); hypopygial foramen left lateral; epandrium subrectangular; females with tergite 9+10 divided into two acanthophorites, each bearing 4 pointed spines or dornen.</p><p>Remarks. Micromorphus comprises some 32 valid species from all zoogeographic regions except Australasia (Wikipedia contributors, 2021, May 7). Its range includes such widely separated locales as South Africa, Tajikistan, the Philippines, Brazil and Mexico. Although the identity of some species based on females only requires reassessment, undoubtedly more species await description. For example, Negrobov (2000) described eight new Palaearctic Micromorphus species, with four from Tajikistan. This suggests the genus as a whole is significantly more diverse, but possibly overlooked because of its small size and the necessity to clear the male postabdomen for accurate identification. Regarding its position in the higher classification of the Dolichopodidae, Micromorphus has been variously placed in the subfamilies Sympycninae and Peloropeodinae, or is regarded as incertae sedis.</p><p>The male postabdomen provides diagnostic structural, setal and cercal characters that enable accurate species identification (e.g., Figs 1a–b, with arrows indicating diagnostic setal positions). Also, it is important to clear the male postabdomen to view the diagnostic structures microscopically, as they may appear obscured in casual macroscopic view (cf. Figs 1a and 2b). Species in the genus Micromorphus are rather bare of distinctive leg setation and generally lack diagnostic male secondary sexual characters, although two Afrotropical species have flattened tarsomeres on male legs I and II (Grichanov 2013).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/233D87B6FFC4E868BCED3193FD66F997	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bickel, Daniel J.	Bickel, Daniel J. (2022): Notes on the genus Micromorphus Mik (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) and the uncertain identity of its type species, M. albipes (Zetterstedt). Zootaxa 5125 (4): 437-444, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.4.7
233D87B6FFC7E86CBCED36B9FE40FE3B.text	233D87B6FFC7E86CBCED36B9FE40FE3B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micromorphus caudatus (Aldrich 1902) Bickel 2022	<div><p>Micromorphus caudatus (Aldrich), new status</p><p>(Figs 1a–b; 2a–c)</p><p>Achalcus caudatus Aldrich, 1902: 93 .</p><p>Micromorphus panamensis Van Duzee, 1931: 180, syn. nov.</p><p>Micromorphus albipes (Zetterstedt), 1843: 454 ( Hydrophorus), authors, nec. Zetterstedt.</p><p>Type material. Achalcus caudatus Aldrich was described from males and females collected on Grenada, West Indies (USNM, examined). Robinson (1967) referred the species to Micromorphus, and later (Robinson 1975) placed the species in synonymy with M. albipes (Zetterstedt) . Van Duzee described Micromorphus panamensis based on a single male from the Panama Canal Zone (AMNH, examined), and Robinson (1967) also placed that species in synonymy with M. albipes .</p><p>Additional material. BELIZE: ♂, Cayo, 19.i.1991, S. Marshall (DEBU) . COSTA RICA: Alajuela: 6 ♂, 4 ♀, 20 km S Upala, 8.xi.1990, 20.xi.1990, 10–13.ix.1990, 1–10.iv.1991, R. Hanson (LACM) . Cartago: 6 ♂, 5 ♀, Turrialba, Tres Equis, P.N. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.44966&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.974292" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.44966/lat 9.974292)">Barbilla</a>: Sendero Las Quebradas, 9.974291 -83.44966, 370 m, 15.x.2002; 9.9742917 -83.4496636, 200–300 m, 25.xi.2000; E. Rojas. Guanacaste: 4 ♂, 5 ♀, SE Rio Naranjo, iii, vii–ix.1991, R. Hanson (LACM) ; 10 ♂, 8 ♀, 14 km S Cañas, i-iii, viii, x, xi, xii.1990, R. Hanson (LACM) ; 2 ♂, 3 ♀, La Tabraga, SW Cañas, ii–iii.1990, R. Hanson (LACM) ; 3 ♂, 4 ♀, P.N. Santa Rosa, Playa Naranjo, mangroves, 10.781949 -85.667386, 0–5 m, 11–12.xi.1995, yellow pan trap, D. Bickel (AMS); 3 ♂, P.N. Santa Rosa, Rio Poza Salada, 12.xi.1995, yellow pans, D. Bickel (AMS) ; 27 ♂, 30 ♀, Nicoya, Estro Jabilla, 8–12.xii.2002, mangroves, 5 m, Malaise trap, Y. Cardenas (AMS) . Heredia: 2 ♂, Z.P. La Selva, 27–30.i.1989, D. Grimaldi (AMNH) . Limon: 2 ♂, ♀, 4 km NE of Bribri, 50 m, 16.ii.1999, S. Marshall (DEBU) . Puntarenas: 2 ♂, ♀, P.N. Corcovado, Est. Sirena, 0–100 m, 6–12.iv.1995 (IN- BIO) ; 2 ♂, P.N. Corcovado, Est. Quebrada Ceniza. 200 m, 14.iii–5.iv.2003, K. Caballero (INBIO) ; 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Golfito Jiménez, P.N. Corcovado, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-83.591286&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=8.480171" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -83.591286/lat 8.480171)">Est Sirena</a>, Playa Sirena, 8.4801714 -83.5912892, 1–100 m, 6–12.iv.1995, A. Picado ; 3 ♂ ♀, P.N. Corcovado, Est. Sirena, La Leona, Cerro Puma, -83.5912892, 100–300 m, 6.ix–6.x-2003, Malaise trap, K. Cabillero ; ♂, Rio Termo, 90 m, 13.v.1995, M. Zumbado (INBIO) . San José: 5 ♂, 7 ♀, Escazus, various dates, i–vii.1998, R. Hanson, (LACM) ; 3 ♂, Pedregoso, no date (USNM) ; ♂, San José ‚ vii (USNM); San José ‚ 1100–1200 m, vii.1980 (AMNH); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Zurqui de Moravia, 1600 m, v.1996, S. Marshall (DEBU) . San Mateo: 3 ♂, 2 ♀, Higuito, no date, F. Schild (USNM) . DOMINICA: See records in Robinson, 1975 (USNM) . GUATEMALA: 3 ♂, Guatemala City, 5.i.1979, G.E. Bohart (LACM) . MONTSERRAT: See records in Runyon, 2020 . PANAMA: 5 ♂, 3 ♀, Canal Zone, iv.1923, x.1925, R. C. Shannon (USNM) . SAINT VINCENT &amp; GRENADINES: 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Leeward I., 1907, H.H. Smith (USNM) . TRINIDAD &amp; TOBAGO: Trinidad: 3 ♂, Charlottesville, 19.i.1981, G.E. Bohart ; ♂, Tunapuna-Piarco. Asa Wright Nature Centre, 19.i.1981, G.E. Bohart (LACM) .</p><p>Redescription. Male. Length: 1.4 mm; wing: 1.3 x 0.5 mm (Fig. 2a).</p><p>Head. Head ovate, higher than wide; dorsal postcranium dark brown and flattened; frons and face dark brown with grey pruinosity; row of short brown postocular setae present, with two dorsalmost setae longer; pair of short converging postvertical setae posteriad of ocellar triangle; strong vertical seta and pair of strong diverging ocellar setae present; frons narrowing ventrally; face as wide as base of antennae; eye facets uniform; palp brown with apical seta; proboscis brownish; antenna dark brown; scape and pedicel subequal in length, with only short brownish vestiture; postpedicel short, triangular and apically pointed; arista-like stylus dorsal in slight depression, and slightly longer than head height..</p><p>Thorax. Mostly dark brown, with grey pruinosity on pleura and on posterior mesonotal slope; scutellum with brown base and yellowish margin but sometimes obscured; posterior mesonotum distinctly flattened; setae brown; ac absent; 5 strong dc present, 1 pa, 2 sa, 1 sr, 2 npl, 1 hm, 1 pm present; median scutellar setae strong, laterals absent; lower proepisternum with whitish seta.</p><p>Legs. CI yellow, CII and CIII brown basally but yellow distally; trochanters and legs mostly yellow, but femora II and III slightly infuscated; CI and CII with short brownish anterior setae; CIII with dark brown lateral seta near ½; legs with short brown vestiture; I: 1.5; 1.6; 0.8/ 0.4/ 0.3/ 0.2/ 0.2; leg I bare of major setae; II: 2.0; 2.0; 1.0/ 0.6/ 0.4/ 0.2/ 0.2; FII with strong anterior preapical seta; TII with strong ad seta at 1/3, and weaker pd at ¼, and subapical circlet of short dorsal, ad, av, and pv setae; III: 2.2; 2.4; 0.5/ 0.6/ 0.4/ 0.3/ 0.2; FIII with strong anterior preapical seta; TIII with ad seta at ¼, 4–5 short dorsal setae along length, and subapical circlet of short dorsal, ad, av and pv setae.</p><p>Wing. Membrane hyaline, vein R 2+3 ending in costa near 5/6; vein M without flexion (bosse alaire) distad of juncture with crossvein dm-m; R 4+5 and M subparallel; vein M joining margin slightly posteriad of wing apex; CuAx ratio: 0.2; anal angle weak; lower calypter yellow with fan of brown setae; halter pale yellow.</p><p>Abdomen. Tergites and sternites dark brown, tergites 1–6 covered with brown vestiture, with some longer setae near tergite margins; tergites 1–4 with lateral abdominal plaques; segment 7 bare of setae and prolonged, acting as arm-like peduncle to protract genitalic capsule (Fig 1b), and retract under segment 6; sternite 8 subtriangular, with setae distally, with distinct median dorsoventral sclerotized band (Figs 1b, 2b), and forming cap over left basolateral hypopygial foramen; hypopygium (Figs 1a, b, 2b) mostly dark brown epandrium subrectangular; hypandrium forming flat elongate cover over phallus and apically curved ventrally; phallus projecting beyond hypandrium and curved ventrally; epandrium with four pedunculate setae along ventral margin as figured (arrows on Figs 1a, b); epandrial lobe digitiform with two medially projecting tooth-like setae; ventral surstylar arm subrectangular; dorsal surstylar arm with apical toothlike seta (see arrow, Figs 1a, b); cercus lobate and decumbent, with basal group of projecting pedunculated setae.</p><p>Female (Fig. 2c). Similar to male except as noted: face and clypeus wider; tergite 9+10 divided into two acanthophorites, each bearing 4 pointed spines or dornen; cercus subrectangular.</p><p>Remarks. Micromorphus caudatus as listed above is known from the West Indies and Central America. In Costa Rica, the species is known from elevations ranging from coastal lowlands to 1600 m.</p><p>I have not seen specimens of Micromorphus caudatus from the U.S.A. and records by Robinson (1964) as “ Micromorphus albipes ” from the states of Florida, South Carolina and Maryland need confirmation. Robinson noted that the specimens from Florida show numerous hairs on the tip of the hypopygium. Later, regarding specimens from Dominica, Robinson (1975) stated “ Some variation is recognized in the present concept of the species … Examination of the genitalia has been very difficult because of the minute size of the parts.” As noted above, great diagnostic detail is present in Micromorphus hypopygia, but is only visible once the male postabdomen is cleared and examined microscopically.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/233D87B6FFC7E86CBCED36B9FE40FE3B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bickel, Daniel J.	Bickel, Daniel J. (2022): Notes on the genus Micromorphus Mik (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) and the uncertain identity of its type species, M. albipes (Zetterstedt). Zootaxa 5125 (4): 437-444, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.4.7
233D87B6FFC0E86EBCED32C5FD25FEAF.text	233D87B6FFC0E86EBCED32C5FD25FEAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Micromorphus micidus Parent 1937	<div><p>Micromorphus micidus Parent</p><p>(Figs 1c; 2d–f)</p><p>Micromorphus micidus Parent, 1937: 130 .</p><p>Type material. Parent described Micromorphus micidus based on males and females collected in “Costa Rica” (ZMUH, types destroyed). NEOTYPE ♂, here designated: COSTA RICA: Alajuela: Reserva Forestal Arenal, Send. Pilón, 650 m, 18.v.1999 – 26.vi.2000, G. Carballo, Malaise, L.N. 269200 458040, #56832 (INBIO).</p><p>Additional material. COSTA RICA: Alajuela: ♂, ♀ with same data as neotype. (INBIO) . Heredia: ♂, 10 km W of Pto. Viejo, Selva Verde, 2–6.iii.1991, B.J. Sinclair (CNC) . Limon: 20 ♂, 8 ♀, Ambrui, Talamanca, 18– 26.vii.1975, W.G. Hanson (USU, deposited LACM) ; 3 ♂, 2 ♀, Sector Cocori, 30 km al Norte de Cariari, A.C. Tortuguero, 100 m, 22.ix–23.xi.1999, Malaise, L.N. 286000 567500, #2436 (INBIO) ; ♂, Estrella Valley, Pandora, 28.iii.1984, G. Manley (DEBU) . Puntarenas: ♂, Lepanto, Reserva Priv. Karen Morgensen, Quebrada Pérez, 315 m, 22.vi–10.vii.2003, W. Porras, Malaise #1, L.N. 205300 419750 (INBIO) . GUATEMALA: 34 ♂ 17 ♀, Las Escobas, 200 m, 14–16.xi.1986, Malaise trap, M. Sharkey (CNC) .</p><p>Redescription. Male. Length: 1.4 mm; wing: 1.4 x 0.5 mm (Fig. 2e).</p><p>Head. Head ovate, higher than wide; dorsal postcranium flattened; frons and face dark brown with grey pruinosity; row of short brown postocular setae present, with two dorsalmost setae longer; pair of short converging postvertical setae posteriad of ocellar triangle; strong vertical seta and pair of strong diverging ocellar setae present; frons narrowing ventrally; face as wide as antennal base; eye facets uniform; palp brown with apical seta; proboscis brownish; antenna dark brown; scape and pedicel subequal in length, with only short brownish vestiture; postpedicel short subtriangular, with fine brownish hairs, and arista-like stylus apical and slightly longer than head height.</p><p>Thorax. Mostly dull dark brown; posterior mesonotum flattened; setae brown; ac absent; 4 strong dc present, posteriormost dc (adjacent to flattened area) slightly offset laterally; 1 pa, 2 sa, 1 sr, 2 npl, 1 hm, 1 pm present; median scutellar setae strong, laterals absent; lower proepisternum with short whitish seta.</p><p>Legs. CI yellow, CII and CIII brown basally but yellow distally; trochanters and legs mostly yellow, but femora II and III infuscated and brownish; CI and CII with short brownish anterior setae; CIII with dark brown lateral seta near ½; legs with short brown vestiture; I: 1.7; 1.5; 0.8/ 0.7/ 0.4/ 0.3/ 0.2; leg I bare of major setae; II: 1.9; 2.2; 1.0/ 0.7/ 0.4/ 0.3/ 0.2; FII with strong anterior preapical seta; TII with strong dorsal seta at 1/3, and subapically; III: 2.2; 2.3; 0.3/ 0.8/ 0.4/ 0.3/ 0.2; FIII with strong anterior preapical seta; TIII with short dorsal setae and subapical circlet of dorsal, ad seta at ¼ and ¾, 4–5 short dorsal setae along length, and subapical circlet of strong dorsal, ad, av and pv setae.</p><p>Wing. Membrane hyaline, vein R 2+3 ending in costa near 5/6; vein M without flexion (bosse alaire) distad of juncture with crossvein dm-m; R 4+5 and M subparallel and slightly bowed in distal third of wing; vein M joining margin slightly posteriad of wing apex; CuAx ratio: 0.4; anal angle weak; lower calypter yellow with fan of brown seta; halter pale yellow.</p><p>Abdomen. Tergites and sternites dark brown, tergites 1–6 covered with brown vestiture, with some longer setae near tergal margins; segment 7 short, not forming narrow pedicel; sternite 8 ovate, with scattered setae and forming cap over left basolateral hypopygial foramen; hypopygium (Fig. 1c) mostly dark brown; epandrium ovate; epandrial seta arising from inside epandrial chamber near midlength and with strong setae distad on ventral margin of epandrium; hypandrium forming flat elongate cover over phallus and apex curved ventrally; epandrial lobe short, and internal, mediad of surstylus; phallus projecting beyond hypandrium; surstylus lobate with marginal indentations and bearing setae as figured; cercus lobate and subtriangular, with abundant setae.</p><p>Female (Fig. 2d). Similar to male except as noted: lower face and clypeus wider; tergite 9+10 divided into two acanthophorites, each bearing 4 pointed spines or dornen; cercus slightly tapering in dorsal view.</p><p>Remarks. Micromorphus micidus is known from Costa Rica and Guatemala and is probably widespread in Central America.</p><p>Robinson (1967, 1970) correctly noted that this species differed from other Micromorphus species in wing venation (having veins M and R 4+5 distally bowed with respect to each other, Fig. 2f), antenna (arista apical, rather than dorsal and in slight depression as in other Micromorphus), and that the male postabdomen lacks an elongate pedunculated segment 7 like other Micromorphus (e.g., compare Figs 1a and 1c), which was inaccurately figured by Parent (1937, fig. 41). Also there are only 4 dc setae, whereas most Micromorphus have 5 dc.</p><p>Robinson (1970) suggested that Micromorphus micidus should be placed in a separate new genus. However, the species is rather “nondescript” and not so strongly defined to represent a new genus on its own. If interpreted broadly, Micromorphus could include the species, and without further information or additional closely related species, I prefer to keep M. micidus in the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/233D87B6FFC0E86EBCED32C5FD25FEAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Bickel, Daniel J.	Bickel, Daniel J. (2022): Notes on the genus Micromorphus Mik (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) and the uncertain identity of its type species, M. albipes (Zetterstedt). Zootaxa 5125 (4): 437-444, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.4.7
