identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
274A8784FFA2FFA4FF0B3E2A1C18FAC7.text	274A8784FFA2FFA4FF0B3E2A1C18FAC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium brasiliense (Heller 1862)	<div><p>Macrobrachium brasiliense (Heller, 1862)</p><p>Material examined. Syntypes: 2 males (CL 12.00 mm and 17.20 mm) and 2 females (CL 12.42 mm and 15.30 mm), NHMW 565, Brazil, Mato Grosso state, Pé da Serra Jeronimo, iv/1828, collector: Natterer, J. Additional material: Venezuela—male (CL 57.00 mm), USNM 233659, Amazonas state, rio Orinoco, Agueto, 2/i/1952, Cabonell, L. Colombia—male (CL 57.98 mm) and female (CL 44.96mm), USNM 78046, Department of Meta, Villavicencio, date and collector unknown. Ecuador—male (CL 44.13 mm) and 2 females (CL 31.97 mm and 34.40 mm), USNM 149812, Napo province, Santa Cecilia, small streams, x/1973, Altig, R. Peru— 3 males (CL 41.00– 46.85 mm), AUM 24329, Quebrada Primavera, precise locality unknown, 29/vii/2010, col. unknown; Amazonas province: 2 males (CL 59.62– 46.26 mm), AUM 24323, Imacita, Marañón river 10/viii/2010, col. unknown; male (CL 36.00 mm), USNM 230034, Caterpiza river, 10/ii/1980, McDiarmid, R.; male (CL 32.10 mm), AUM 24321, Bagua Chica, Utcubamba river, 28/vii/2010, col. unknow; Loreto province: 3 males (CL 30.96–34.11 mm), INPA 725, Iquitos, Maynas, 26/vi/1997, Vasquez, E.; Ucayali province: male (CL 50.76 mm), USNM 228908, Huacamayo river, Pucallpa, Aguaytia, 13/ix/1979, Ortega, H. Brazil—Amapá state: male (CL 37.00 mm) and 2 females (CL 34.16 mm, 38.80 mm), INPA 1072, precise locality unknown, 27/viii/1992, col. unknown; 2 males (CL 30.63 mm, 39.32 mm) and 2 females (CL 25.71 mm, 29.25 mm), INPA 1074, Araguari river, Capivara waterfall, 20/viii/1992, Magalhães, C.; Amazonas state: male (CL 60.50 mm) and 3 ovigerous (CL 46.00– 49.97 mm), INPA 1336, tribe Balawa-ú, Igarapé Hoanik ( Yano indigenous post), 07/x/2003, Yanomani, J .; 4 males (CL 37.20–47.98 mm), INPA 124, Presidente Figueiredo, Urubu river, 11/ix/1982, Silva, N.; Pará state: 2 ovigerous (CL 29.39 and 32.70 mm), CCDB 5321, Xingu river, 13/iii/2014 Robles, R.; female (CL 38.75 mm) CCDB 5322, Iriri river, 13/iii/2014 Robles, R .; 3 females (CL 13.40–17.32 mm), CCDB 4802, Xingu river, Volta Grande, 15/ix/2013, Robles, R. et al .; 3 males (CL 36.60–39.98 mm) and female (CL 37.73 mm), CCDB 4814, Bacajai river, 16/ix/2013, Robles, R. et al.; Maranhão state : 2 males (CL 52.40 mm and 40.93 mm) and ovigerous (CL 36.81 mm), INPA 1434, precise locality unknown, 07/ x/2003, Camara, J. T.; Tocantins state: 2 males (CL 33.69 mm and 36.06 mm), CCDB 5023, Ponte Alta, 19/v/2013, Mantelatto, F.L. et al .; 2 males (CL 32.24 mm, 44.71 mm) and female (CL 23.60 mm), CCDB 5171, Mateiros, 19/ v/2013, Mantelatto, F.L. et al .; 3 females (CL 17.38–33.57 mm), CCDB 5172, Mateiros, 19/v/2013, Mantelatto, F.L. et al.; Mato Grosso state : 3 males (CL 51.80–56.06 mm), CCDB 2298, Ribeirão Bonito river, 09/x/2007, Torati, L.S .; 2 males (CL 27.00 mm, 49.32 mm) and 2 females (CL 34.35 mm, 35.50 mm), CCDB 2307, Corgão river, 10/x/2007, Torati, L.S.; Goiás state : 2 males (CL 44.76 mm, 46.20 mm), CCDB 5462, precise locality unknown, 07/vii/1998, col. unknown; Distrito Federal: 3 males (CL 30.00–43,30 mm), CCDB 5463, Rio Bezerra, Brasilia, 18/ix/1997, Ribeiro, M.; Mato Grosso do Sul state : 3 females (CL 26.75–46.01 mm), CCDB 1582, Macaco creek, MS 324, 09/x/2007, Torati, L.S .; 3 females (29.49–38.15 mm), CCDB 1564, Sucuri river, 27/vii/2006, col. unknown ; 2 males (CL 30.76 mm, 52.11 mm), CCDB 1908, Mutum creek, 01/viii/2006, López ; 2 males (CL 39.68 mm, 53.21 mm) and ovigerous (CL 46.23 mm), CCDB 5440, Miranda river 08/11/2014, Carvalho, F.; São Paulo state : male (CL 49.33 mm) and female (CL 32.89 mm), CCDB 339, Serra Azul, 01/iv/1996, Mantelatto, F.L. et al .; 3 females (17.46–39.42 mm), CCDB 2898, Altinópolis, Araraquara river, 28/iv/2009, Mantelatto, F.L. et al .; 3 males (CL 43.60–57.21 mm), CCDB 6072, Guapiaçu, sub basin Turvo river, 14/vii/2001, Castro, R .; 3 males (CL 44.02–57.82 mm), CCDB 6074, Paranapanema river, 23/viii/2000, Avelar, W.; Paraná state : male (CL 53.70 mm), INPA 487, Taquarense river, xi/1988, Ribeiro, H.B. Bolivia—female (CL 32.69 mm), USNM 84860, José Ballivián Province: Rurrenabaque, Beni river, 21/xii/1922 col. unknown. Paraguay—male (CL 47.85 mm), USNM 353018, Guazu-ri river, 18/v/1982, col. unknown .</p><p>Diagnosis. Rostrum straight, overreaching end of antennular peduncle, not reaching end of scaphocerite; upper margin with 8–12 teeth (usually 9), regularly arranged; 2–4 postorbital, usually the second or third on postorbital margin; inferior orbit straight, not enough pronounced; lower margin of rostrum with 2 or 3 teeth. Antennule peduncle with 3 segments, inner and outer flagella, outer flagellum with 2 branches. Carapace with small spinules in lateral face. Second pereopods (P2) similar in shape, different in size. Larger P2 overreaching scaphocerite with all carpus length; dactylus length equal or slightly longer than half propodus length, bearing 2 big teeth and sometimes interspaced with others smaller ones along cutting edges and lined with 4–11 small tubercles on inner side. Larger P2 with propodus almost cylindrical with mesial and lateral sides flattened, covered with small spines on inner face, upper and lower margins; spinules and setae on outer side. Fifth pleonal somite with rectangular pleuron and peaked lower margin. Males with appendix masculina on endopod of second pleopod, smaller than appendix internae. Posterior margin of the telson ending in a distinct acute tip, with 2 lateral spines with setae between them; inner pair of spines reaching or overreaching apex of telson.</p><p>Type locality. Brazil, Mato Grosso state: near Cuiabá city, Pé da Serra do Jerônimo, according to Pileggi et al. (2013) .</p><p>Distribution. Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil (Roraima, Amapá, Pará, Amazonas, Maranhão, Tocantins, Mato Grosso, Bahia, Acre, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Paraná) (see references in Pileggi et al. 2013; Pimentel &amp; Magalhães 2014; Santos et al. 2018), Bolivia (Magalhães 2002) and Paraguay (present study).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/274A8784FFA2FFA4FF0B3E2A1C18FAC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rossi, Natalia;Magalhães, Célio;Mesquita, Elis R.;Mantelatto, Fernando L.	Rossi, Natalia, Magalhães, Célio, Mesquita, Elis R., Mantelatto, Fernando L. (2020): Uncovering a hidden diversity: a new species of freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) from Neotropical region (Brazil) revealed by morphological review and mitochondrial genes analyses. Zootaxa 4732 (1): 177-195, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.1.9
274A8784FFA3FFAAFF0B3F2E1DBAFC15.text	274A8784FFA3FFAAFF0B3F2E1DBAFC15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrobrachium veredensis Rossi & Magalhães & Mesquita & Mantelatto 2020	<div><p>Macrobrachium veredensis sp. nov. Rossi, Magalhães &amp; Mantelatto</p><p>(Figs. 2 and 3)</p><p>http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: D86A5A10-08BB-419F-9341-5724E8CB7723</p><p>Material examined: Holotype: Male (CL 38.67 mm), MZUSP 39527, Brazil, Minas Gerais state: Chapada Gaúcha, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.752666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.1495" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.752666/lat -15.1495)">Grande Sertão Veredas National Park</a>, prainha do <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.752666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.1495" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.752666/lat -15.1495)">Rio Preto</a> (little beach of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.752666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.1495" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.752666/lat -15.1495)">Black river</a>), 15º08.97’S, 45°45.16’W, 14/vii/2011, Carvalho, F.C. &amp; Souza-Carvalho, E.</p><p>Paratypes: Brazil, Minas Gerais state: 1 male (38.30 mm), MZUSP 39528 and 5 males (CL 23.10–38.00 mm), CCDB 535, same data as holotype .</p><p>Others: 9 males (CL 26.59–49.92 mm), 1 ovigerous female (CL 34.85 mm), CCDB 543, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.7405&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.120833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.7405/lat -15.120833)">Chapada Gaúcha</a>, Grande Sertão Veredas National Park near to Cariranha river, 15°07.25’S, 45°44.43’W, 13/vii/2011, Carvalho, F.C. &amp; Souza-Carvalho, E .; 2 males (CL 27.46 mm, 31.92 mm), CCDB 464, Brazil, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.7695&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.182" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.7695/lat -15.182)">Chapada Gaúcha</a>, Grande Sertão Veredas National Park, Black river, 15°10.92’S, 45°46.17’ W, 13/vii/2011, Carvalho, F.C., Jacobucci, G. &amp; Souza- Carvalho, E .; 3 males (CL 31.90–35.10 mm), CCDB 5456, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-44.753445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.512777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -44.753445/lat -15.512777)">Povoado de Pandeiros</a>, 15°30’46.0” S, 44° 45’ 12.4” W, 12/ii/2014, Bueno, A .; 3 males (CL 28.11–32.00 mm), 1 female (CL 21.29 mm), CCDB 534, Comunidade S. Joaquim, Jabuticaba river, Januária / Chapada Gaúcha, 12/vii/2011, Carvalho, F.C. &amp; Souza-Carvalho, E .; 2 males (CL 23.14 and 28.77 mm), CCDB 922, Córrego do Bom Jantar, Januária, 15°33.36’S, 44° 44’ 29.46’S W, 12/vii/2011, Carvalho, F.C. &amp; Souza-Carvalho, E .</p><p>Additional comparative material examined: Macrobrachium ferreirai: Brazil, Amazonas state: 1 male (CL 50.85 mm), CCDB 2587, Jaú National Park, 25/xi/2000, Magalhães, C.; 2 males (CL 42.18 and 52,70 mm), CCDB 2588, Jaú National Park, 25/xi/2000, Magalhães, C.; Tocantins state: 1 male (CL 41.03 mm) and 1 ovigerous female (CL 33.67 mm), CCDB 6204, Alta Mateiros, 19/v/2013, Mantelatto, F.L. et al .</p><p>Macrobrachium nattereri: Brazil, Amazonas state: 1 male (CL 47.97 mm) CCDB 2130, 15/01/2005, Biotupé project ; Tocantins state: 2 males (CL 33.69 and 36.06 mm) CCDB 5023, Ponte Alta, 19/v/2013, Mantelatto, F.L. et al .</p><p>Diagnosis: Rostrum straight, almost reaching end of antennular peduncle and scaphocerite; upper margin with 8–10 teeth, usually 9, regularly arranged; 2–3 postorbital, usually second one on postorbital margin; lower margin of rostrum with 2–3 teeth. Antennule peduncle 3–segmented, with inner and outer flagella, outer flagellum biramous. Carapace smooth. Second pereopods (P2) similar in shape, different in size, overreaching scaphocerite with all carpus length; dactylus longer than propodus half-length. Dactylus with 1–2 large teeth, sometimes with smaller ones on cutting edges, row of small tubercles along inner margin. Propodus flattened, smooth with sparse spinules and setae on external faces. Fifth pleonal somite with rectangular pleuron and peaked lower margin. Males with endopod of second pleopod bearing appendix masculina smaller than appendix internae. Telson with posterior margin ending in distinct acute tip, bearing 2 spines with setae between them; inner pair of spines reaching or overreaching apex of telson.</p><p>Description: Fully grown male (Fig. 2A). Body moderately robust. Rostrum straight, extending beyond or as long as antennular peduncle and almost reaching end of scaphocerite, armed dorsally with 8–10 teeth, usually 9, regularly arranged, 2–3 teeth postorbital, usually the second one on postorbital margin; lower margin of rostrum straight, not enough pronounced; lower margin of rostrum with 2–3 teeth. Rostral formula 8–10 (2–3)/2–3. Antennular spine acute, placed slightly below orbital angle, hepatic spine of similar size or smaller than antennal spine and located slightly behind and lower than antennal spine; paired hepatic spines parallel to antennal spines situated between upper first and second teeth of rostrum on carapace. Carapace smooth, some individuals with spinules sparsely scattered at anterior and ventral region. Eyes well developed. Antennule (Fig. 3I) three-jointed protopodite bearing three multiarticulated flagella at distal end and statocyst at base. Inner flagellum of antennule unique and longer outer flagellum. Antennular peduncle almost reaching distal margin of scaphocerite. Basal segment of antennular peduncle moderately broad, lateral margin straight, with small proximal tooth, ventral edge tapering posteriorly; stylocerite short and sharp. Antenna (Fig. 3H) with scaphocerite longer than wide, outer lateral side straight. Antennal flagellum multiarticulated, as long as body length. Mandible (Fig. 3G) with slender, 3-articulated palp; incisor process robust, with 3 strong teeth; molar process robust, truncate distally, with four principal peripheral teeth. Maxilla (Fig. 3D) with basal endite bearing setae on apical margin; endopodite and exopodite (scaphognathite) with numerous short setae distally; scaphognathite broad, anterior lobe large, posterior lobe moderately narrow, both lobes rounded. Maxillula (Fig. 3E) with apical margin of endopodite weakly bilobed; coxa and basis surface with stiff setae. First maxilliped (Fig. 3F) with setose palp, basal and coxal endites distinct, flagellum of exopod with numerous plumose setae distally, epipod deeply bilobed. Second maxilliped (Fig. 3C) with normal endopod, flagellum with numerous setae distally, epipod simple, with well-developed podobranch. Third maxilliped (Fig. 3B) with robust endopod, exopod with numerous plumose setae distally, reaching to distal margin of ischio-merus. First pereopod (Fig. 3J) slender, smooth, reaching beyond scaphocerite by entire distal margin of carpus, equal in length, similar in form. Palm as long as finger, carpus 1.9 times as long as chela, merus shorter than carpus; both fingers ending in small apical claw. Second pereopod—P2 (Fig. 2B) similar in shape, different in size, longer than total length; overreaching scaphocerite with all carpus length. P2, dactylus with 1–2 large teeth, sometimes with smaller ones on cutting edges, row of small tubercles along inner margin; gaping when fingers closed; dactylus longer than propodus half-length; propodus flattened, smooth with sparce spinules and setae on external faces; upper spinules obtuse; chela with small spines, with lower ones smaller than upper ones and bending towards legs (Fig. 3A). Last three pereopods slender, smooth, similar in form; propodus, carpus, merus, with few setae. Pleon with second somite broad with lateral overlapping the first and third; fifth somite with rectangular pleuron and peaked lower margin; sixth somite slightly shorter than telson. Male second pleopod with appendix masculina longer, stouter than appendix internal, with numerous stiff setae. Telson (Fig. 3C) almost three times as long as wide, mostly triangular, with posterior margin ending in distinct acute tip, bearing two pairs of spines with setae between them; inner pair of spines reaching or overreaching apex of telson.</p><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>Type locality: Brazil, Minas Gerais state, Grande Sertão Veredas National Park (PARNA—Grande Sertão Veredas), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.752666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.1495" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.752666/lat -15.1495)">Chapada Gaúcha</a>, prainha do <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.752666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.1495" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.752666/lat -15.1495)">Rio Preto</a> (little beach of the <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-45.752666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.1495" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -45.752666/lat -15.1495)">Black river</a>), 15º08.97’S, 45°45.16’W .</p><p>Distribution: Only known from part of the middle São Francisco river basin, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.</p><p>Etymology: The new species name is derived from geographical name where the holotype was collected, the Grande Sertão Veredas National Park, in Minas Gerais state, Brazil.</p><p>Molecular data. We aligned 43 sequences (23 news), with 528 base pairs (bp) to 16S rDNA, and 16 new sequences with 581bp, without pseudogenes, for COI mtDNA. The genetic distance among the sequences of specimens previously identified as M. brasiliense ranged from 0.0 to 8.5% for 16S, and 0.0 to 12.7% for COI. When individuals were separated into two species, sequences of 16S ranged for M. brasiliense from 0.0 to 4.3% (Table 2) and 0.0 to 2.5% for COI. The diversity among the individuals from the São Francisco river basin in the state of Minas Gerais ( M. veredensis sp. nov.) ranged from 0.0 to 1.70% for 16S (Table 2) and 0.0 to 0.08% for COI. The nucleotide divergence between sequences from M. veredensis sp. nov. and M. brasiliense ranged from 7 to 8.5% for 16S and 11.8 to 12.5% for COI. All these individuals and congener species ( M. amazonicum, M. aracamuni, M. borelli, M. ferreirai, M. iheringi, M. inpa, M. potiuna and M. nattereri) ranged from 6.8 to 14.3% for 16S (see details in Table 2).</p><p>Similar topologies were achieved on ML and BI analyses for 16S data set. Therefore, the final tree obtained by ML with bootstrap values and posterior probability (BI) more than 50 were added (Fig. 4). The topologies obtained by both analyses revealed that M. veredensis sp. nov. and M. brasiliense represent monophyletic clades with high values to support (bootstrap 75 and posterior probability 80). Individuals herein considered as from São Francisco river system in central-western Minas Gerais, M. veredensis sp. nov. is clustered as sister-group of M. brasiliense . Moreover, our phylogenetic hypothesis showed distinctive phylogroups with similar morphology in M. brasiliense, as well as in M. potiuna, which had already considered a possible cryptic species group (Carvalho et al. 2013).</p><p>Macrobrachium aracamuni, M. ferreirai and M. inpa were positioned in another clade, which is sister-group of M. nattereri . Macrobrachium ihering is clustered as sister-group of M. potiuna clade. Macrobrachium borellii is sister-group of the clade with outgroup species. The phylogenetic tree was rooted with M. amazonicum clade (Fig. 4).</p><p>Fourteen haplotypes (H) with high diversity (0.98) were recognized based on the COI fragment of sixteen unambiguous sequences, with 581bp, without pseudogenes (Table 3). Twelve haplotypes (85.71%) represented single individuals, and two (14.29%) were polymorphic. The frequencies of haplotypes in different localities were heterogeneous (Table 3). The sixth haplotype (H6) was shared between two individuals from northern São Paulo (BR-SP). The tenth (H10) was shared between two individuals from Pará (BR-PA). Networks haplotypes were similar based on the statistical parsimony method (data not shown) and Median-Joining method (Fig. 4).</p><p>Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that specimens within the M. brasiliense populations have the lowest percentage of variation (5.4% without hierarchical structure— i.e., M. veredensis sp. nov. included—and 3.7% with hierarchical structure), whereas the variation among populations was higher (94.6% without hierarchical structure and 12.6% with hierarchical structure). When populations were structured according to the Minas Gerais region ( M. veredensis sp. nov.) and other Brazilian populations ( M. brasiliense), the variations among groups were very high (83.7%) and the values obtained by AMOVA based on haplotypes frequencies with and without hierarchical structure were significant (Table 4).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/274A8784FFA3FFAAFF0B3F2E1DBAFC15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rossi, Natalia;Magalhães, Célio;Mesquita, Elis R.;Mantelatto, Fernando L.	Rossi, Natalia, Magalhães, Célio, Mesquita, Elis R., Mantelatto, Fernando L. (2020): Uncovering a hidden diversity: a new species of freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) from Neotropical region (Brazil) revealed by morphological review and mitochondrial genes analyses. Zootaxa 4732 (1): 177-195, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4732.1.9
