identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
256287ACFFC82747FBE8F946E1D88585.text	256287ACFFC82747FBE8F946E1D88585.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus amabilis (Clark 1862)	<div><p>Limbodessus amabilis (Clark, 1862)</p> <p>(Figs 1 –11)</p> <p>Source of material. Three specimens of instar II and two of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). Larvae were collected in association with adults at the following localities: South Australia, 1 km S Nangwarry, 5–X–2000 and 22–IX–2007, coll. C. H. S. Watts; 10 km N Forrestown, 1–IX–2002, coll. C. H. S.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 8) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present (Fig. 2); distal half of MN broad (Fig. 5); setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like (Fig. 6); secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 11).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II (Figs 1–7). Head. A3 more than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00–1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) more than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.25 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 25 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO present; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with more than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTI present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- meso- and metaTI present; metaTI with more than 5 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTA present; anteroventral secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; metaTA with more than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 5. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 13.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 8–11). Head (Fig. 8). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 9–10). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 11). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 50 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; proCO with 1–4 anterior secondary setae; mesoCO with 1–5 anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with 12–15 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal and anteroventral secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; anteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on metaTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA absent; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA present; metaTA with 1–5 posteroventral secondary setae; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 8. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 16.</p> <p>Remarks. All the instar III specimens of L. amabilis examined had the second urogomphomere broken, which prevented the evaluation of urogomphal morphometry. This species belongs to the epigean Limbodessus characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. compactus, L. shuckardii) (Fig. 11). Within this group, L. amabilis can be distinguished by its larger size, the presence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the tarsus (Fig. 9), and the absence of posterodorsal secondary setae on the meso- and metatarsus. The larva of L. amabilis was previously described by Watts (1963) (as Liodessus amabilis).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFC82747FBE8F946E1D88585	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFD52745FBE8F94DE6C28143.text	256287ACFFD52745FBE8F94DE6C28143.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus compactus (Clark 1862)	<div><p>Limbodessus compactus (Clark, 1862)</p> <p>(Figs 12–13)</p> <p>Source of material. Two specimens of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). Larvae were collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, NSW, 2 km N Batemans Bay, 2–XI–1997, coll. C. H. S. Watts.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 12) subpentagonal; nasale spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; distal half of mandible broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 13).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 12–13). Head (Fig. 12). MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Abdomen (Fig. 13). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 49 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; proCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 8.</p> <p>Remarks. The description of L. compactus is based on two badly preserved instar III specimens which had the antennae, legs (except the coxae) and second urogomphomeres broken. For this reason, several morphometric and chaetotaxic characters could not be evaluated (the leg chaetotaxic characters would provide some good characters to distinguish this species from the others). Limbodessus compactus belongs to the epigean species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. amabilis, L. shuckardii) (Fig. 13), and within this group it is characterized by its smaller size and by some of the morphometric measures given in the Table 8.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFD52745FBE8F94DE6C28143	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFD72745FBE8FD20E7AD848A.text	256287ACFFD72745FBE8FD20E7AD848A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus inornatus (Sharp 1882)	<div><p>Limbodessus inornatus (Sharp, 1882)</p> <p>(Figs 14–17)</p> <p>Source of material. Three specimens of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). Larvae were collected in association with adults at the following locality: Western Australia, Midland, Perth, 14–XI–2000, coll. C. H. S. Watts.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 14) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 robust; secondary setae on U present (Fig. 17).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 14–17). Head (Fig. 14). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10– 3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 15–16). L3 more than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 17). U more than 3.10 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.30 times longer than HW; U1 1.80–2.60 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 50 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; proCO with more than 7 anterior secondary setae; mesoCO with more than 9 anterior secondary setae; proCO with more than 2 posterior secondary setae; mesoCO with more than 13 posterior secondary setae; metaCO with more than 17 posterior secondary setae; proCO with more than 21 secondary setae; metaCO with more than 44 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal and anteroventral secondary setae on proTI absent; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA present; metaTA with 1–5 posteroventral secondary setae; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 10. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 18.</p> <p>Remarks. Within the group of epigean species, L. inornatus is more similar to L. praelargus, both taxa sharing the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (Fig. 17). Limbodessus inornatus differs from L. praelargus in</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFD72745FBE8FD20E7AD848A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFD02742FBE8FF05E73386A2.text	256287ACFFD02742FBE8FF05E73386A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus praelargus (Lea 1899)	<div><p>Limbodessus praelargus (Lea, 1899)</p> <p>(Figs 18–21)</p> <p>Source of material. One specimen of instar III was used for the description (Table 1). The larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, 18 km W Casterton, Vic, 29–VIII–1999, coll. C. H. S. Watts.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 18) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 robust; secondary setae on U present (Fig. 21).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 18–21). Head (Fig. 18). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10– 3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 19–20). L3 more than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 21). U more than 3.10 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.30 times longer than HW; U1 1.80–2.60 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 49 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; proCO with more than 7 anterior secondary setae; mesoCO with more than 9 anterior secondary setae; proCO with 1 posterior secondary setae; mesoCO with 11 posterior secondary setae; metaCO with 13 posterior secondary setae; proCO with more than 21 secondary setae; metaCO with more than 44 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; anteroventral secondary setae on proTI absent; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA present; metaTA with 1–5 posteroventral secondary setae; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 11. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 19.</p> <p>Remarks. Within the group of epigean species, L. praelargus is more similar to L. inornatus, both taxa sharing the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (Fig. 21). Limbodessus praelargus differs from L. inornatus in its shorter legs and urogomphus and in the presence of less than 50 secondary setae on the metacoxa.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFD02742FBE8FF05E73386A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFD02740FBE8F980E0A48671.text	256287ACFFD02740FBE8F980E0A48671.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus shuckardii (Clark 1862)	<div><p>Limbodessus shuckardii (Clark, 1862)</p> <p>(Figs 22–26)</p> <p>Source of material. One specimen of instar II and three of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). Larvae were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Western Australia, Yallingrup, 22-X-1996, coll. C. H. S. Watts; 4 km SW Bunbury, 3-X-2003, coll. C. H. S. Watts.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Figs 22–23) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 more than 1.50 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00–1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 more than 3.00 times longer than HW; CL(L3) more than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.25 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 25 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on proCO present; ventral secondary setae on mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal, anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTI present; metaTI with less than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 7. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 15.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 22–26). Head (Figs 22–23). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 24–25). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 26). U less than 2.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 0.70–1.40 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 48 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; proCO with 1–4 anterior secondary setae; mesoCO with 1–5 anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with 12–15 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal and anteroventral secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on proTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA present; metaTA with 1–5 posteroventral secondary setae; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 12. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 20.</p> <p>Remarks. This species belongs to the epigean Limbodessus characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. amabilis, L. compactus) (Fig. 26). Within this group, L. shuckardii can be distinguished by its larger size, the absence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the tarsus (Fig. 24), and the presence of posterodorsal secondary setae on the meso- and metatarsus.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFD02740FBE8F980E0A48671	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFD2274DFBE8F967E2D5874B.text	256287ACFFD2274DFBE8F967E2D5874B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus barwidgeeensis Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus barwidgeeensis Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 27–30)</p> <p>Source of material. One specimen of instar II was used for the description (Table 1). Larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, Carey palaeovalley, Barwidgee calcrete, site 144, BES</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar II). Larger species (HL more than 1.05 mm); head (Fig. 27) pyriform; nasale digitiform; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale well developed; parietal numerous; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 robust; secondary setae on U present (Fig. 30).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II (Figs 27–30). Head (Fig. 27). A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 less than 1.05 times longer than MP1; MP2 more than 3.20 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 0.90 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 28–29). L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen (Fig. 30). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 132 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2–3 rows; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with more than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on mesoCO present; proFE with more than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with more than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; metaTI with more than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTI present; metaTI with more than 5 secondary setae; anterodorsal and anteroventral secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; metaTA with more than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 5. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 13.</p> <p>Instar III. Not available.</p> <p>Remarks. The description of L. barwidgeeensis is based on a single instar II specimen which has the procoxa and the second urogomphomere broken. For this reason, some morphometric and chaetotaxic characters could not be evaluated. The absence of instar III specimens of this species hampers the comparison with the other species described here, particularly regarding some chaetotaxic characters. Limbodessus barwidgeeensis belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. bigbellensis, L. cooperi, L. eberhardi, L. macrohinkleri, L. nambiensis, L. raesideensis, L. yandalensis) (Fig. 30), and within this group it can be separated by the following combination of characters: head pyriform (Fig. 27), occipital suture present (Fig. 27), occipital foramen moderately reduced (Fig. 27), and labial setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 more robust.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFD2274DFBE8F967E2D5874B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFDF2749FBE8FB3EE3428713.text	256287ACFFDF2749FBE8FB3EE3428713.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus bigbellensis (Watts & Humphreys 2000)	<div><p>Limbodessus bigbellensis (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2000)</p> <p>(Figs 31 –48)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.04444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.41333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.04444/lat -27.41333)">Two</a> specimens of instar I and two of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.04444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.41333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.04444/lat -27.41333)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, Murchison palaeovalley, Austin Downs calcrete, PAT 7, BES 5559, 27.41333S, 117.04444E, 4–V–2001, coll. W. F. Humphreys, C. H. S. Watts and S. J. B. Cooper; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.71122&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.41337" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.71122/lat -27.41337)">Austin Downs</a> calcrete, bore PAT 7, BES 9407, 27.41337S, 117.71122E, 14–VI–2002, coll. W. F. Humphreys and R. Leys.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Larger species (HL more than 1.25 mm); head (Fig. 45) pyriform; nasale digitiform; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale well developed; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen strongly reduced (HW/OCW more than 2.85); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 robust; secondary setae on U present (Fig. 48).</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 31 –44). Head (Figs 31–39). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 2.20–2.75 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 less than 1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.40–2.00 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 40–41). L3 more than 2.95 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 42–44). U more than 3.75 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.35 times longer than HW; U1 more than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 14 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that aspect; 37, right mandible, dorsal aspect; 38, labium, dorsal aspect; 39, labium, ventral aspect. EB, egg burster; Sp, spinula; TP, tentorial pit. Scale bars = 0.08 mm.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 45–48). Head (Fig. 45). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP more than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 3.20–4.00 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 0.60 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 46–47). L3 more than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 48). U more than 3.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 more than 3.35 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 61 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal, anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTA present; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA present; metaTA with 1–5 posteroventral secondary setae; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with more than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 8. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 16.</p> <p>Remarks. Limbodessus bigbellensis belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. barwidgeeensis, L. cooperi, L. eberhardi, L. macrohinkleri, L. nambiensis, L. raesideensis, L. yandalensis) (Fig. 48). Within this group, it can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: head pyriform (Fig. 45), occipital suture present (Fig. 45), occipital foramen strongly reduced (Fig. 45), absence of anterior secondary setae on the procoxa (Fig. 46), absence of posterodorsal secondary setae on the meso- and metafemur, and presence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protarsus (Fig. 46).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFDF2749FBE8FB3EE3428713	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFDB2775FBE8FBF6E0C280C5.text	256287ACFFDB2775FBE8FBF6E0C280C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus challaensis (Watts & Humphreys 2001)	<div><p>Limbodessus challaensis (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2001)</p> <p>(Figs 49 –66)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.5175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.98833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.5175/lat -27.98833)">One</a> specimen of instar I and one of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.5175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.98833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.5175/lat -27.98833)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.5175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.98833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.5175/lat -27.98833)">Murchison</a> palaeovalley, Challa North calcrete, Nyung Well, BES 7251, 27.98833S, 118.5175E, 3–V–2001, coll. W. F. Humphreys, C. H. S. Watts and S. J. B. Cooper; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.5175&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.98842" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.5175/lat -27.98842)">Challa North</a> calcrete, Nyung Well, BES 10386, 27.98842S, 118.51750E, 25–III–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 63) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 66).</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 49–62). Head (Figs 49–57). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted contiguous to setae PA1 and PA2; A3 more than 2.80 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 less than 1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 less than 1.85 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.40–2.00 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 58–59). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 60– 62). U more than 3.75 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.45 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.05 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 12 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 2.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 63–66). Head (Fig. 63). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN more than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 less than 2.00 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 64–65). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 66). U 2.40–3.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 0.70–1.40 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 51 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 8. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 16.</p> <p>Remarks. Limbodessus challaensis belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 66). Larvae of L. challaensis can be distinguished from any other species of that group by the following combination of characters: lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 63), mandible more than five times longer than broad, metacoxa with 1 secondary seta, presence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 64), absence of anteroventral secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 64), absence of secondary setae on the protarsus (Figs 64–65), presence of anteroventral secondary setae on the mesotarsus, and absence of posteroventral secondary setae on the tarsus (Fig. 65).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFDB2775FBE8FBF6E0C280C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFE72774FBE8FBB9E012812F.text	256287ACFFE72774FBE8FBB9E012812F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus cooperi Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus cooperi Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 67–68)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.15704&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.73174" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.15704/lat -28.73174)">One</a> specimen of instar III was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.15704&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.73174" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.15704/lat -28.73174)">The</a> larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.15704&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.73174" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.15704/lat -28.73174)">Carey</a> palaeovalley, Mt Morgan calcrete, Mt Weld Station, PB 5, BES 10584, 28.73174S, 122.15704E, 30–IX–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Larger species (HL more than 1.25 mm); head (Fig. 67) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen moderately reduced (HW/ OCW 1.95–2.50); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal numerous; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U present (Fig. 68).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 67–68). Head (Fig. 67). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP more than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 3.20–4.00 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs. L3 less than 2.20 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 68). U 2.40–3.10 times longer than LAS; U less than 1.35 times longer than HW; U1 0.70–1.40 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 95 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with more than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with more than 30 secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with more than 18 secondary setae; anterodorsal and present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 8. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 16.</p> <p>Remarks. The description of L. cooperi provided in this paper is based on a single specimen, which has the fourth antennomere broken and both the pro- and mesothoracic legs broken at the level of femur. For this reason, some morphometric and chaetotaxic characters could not be evaluated. This species is included in the group of stygobitic species characterized by the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. barwidgeeensis, L. bigbellensis, L. eberhardi, L. macrohinkleri, L. nambiensis, L. raesideensis, L. yandalensis) (Fig. 68). Within the group, L. cooperi is distinguished by the following combination of characters: head subpentagonal (Fig. 67), occipital suture present (Fig. 67), occipital foramen moderately reduced (Fig. 67), absence of anterior secondary setae on the procoxa, absence of posterodorsal secondary setae on the meso- and metafemur, and presence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the metatarsus. The nasale in L. cooperi is more triangular than in other presumably closely related species.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFE72774FBE8FBB9E012812F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFE62773FBE8FD16E74083EA.text	256287ACFFE62773FBE8FD16E74083EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus eberhardi (Watts & Humphreys 1999)	<div><p>Limbodessus eberhardi (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 1999)</p> <p>(Figs 69–72)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.77722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.43389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.77722/lat -26.43389)">One</a> specimen of instar III was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.77722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.43389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.77722/lat -26.43389)">The</a> larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, Carey palaeovalley, Paroo calcrete, GSWA6 (north), BES 12916, 26.43389S, 119.77722E, 8–IV–2005, coll. W. F. Humphreys and R. Leys.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Larger species (HL more than 1.25 mm); head (Fig. 69) pyriform; nasale digitiform; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale well developed; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 numerous (25 or more); occipital foramen moderately reduced (HW/OCW 1.95–2.50); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U present (Watts &amp; Humphreys 1999).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 69–72). Head (Fig. 69). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN more than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 more than 4.30 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 70–71). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 72). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with about 130 lamellae clypeales distributed in 3 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal, anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with more than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; anteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA present; metaTA with 1–5 posteroventral secondary setae; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with more than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with more than 18 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present (Watts &amp; Humphreys 1999). Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 9. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 16.</p> <p>Remarks. The description of this species was based on a single specimen (with the urogomphi broken at base) from Paroo calcrete, the same locality as the specimen described by Watts and Humphreys (1999) as “Larva form 1”. Based on similarity between the drawings in Watts and Humphreys (1999) and those in the present paper, it is likely that the specimen described as “Larva form 1” is in fact L. eberhardi. This species is included in the group of stygobitic species characterized by the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. barwidgeeensis, L. bigbellensis, L. cooperi, L. macrohinkleri, L. nambiensis, L. raesideensis, L. yandalensis), from which it can be absence of posterodorsal secondary setae on the meso- and metafemur, femur with less than 20 secondary setae, presence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 70), and absence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protarsus (Fig. 70). A drawing of the habitus of L. eberhardi was presented by Watts &amp; Humphreys (1999).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFE62773FBE8FD16E74083EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFED277DFBE9FF05E6E18729.text	256287ACFFED277DFBE9FF05E6E18729.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus exilis Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus exilis Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 73–76)</p> <p>Source of material. Two specimens of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). The larvae were collected at the following locality: Australia, Moore palaeovalley, Maranalgo calcrete, BES 10424/27, 25–V–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and C. H. S. Watts. The larvae studied were identified by comparing the sequence of a fragment of the CO1 gene with that from a known adult.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 73) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hairlike; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 76).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 73–76). Head (Fig. 73). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10– 3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 74–75). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 76). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 49 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal and anteroventral secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on mesoTA absent; metaTA with 1–5 posteroventral secondary setae; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 9. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 17.</p> <p>Remarks. Both specimens of L. exilis examined had the second urogomphomere broken, which prevented the evaluation of urogomphal morphometry. Within the stygobitic species studied, L. exilis belongs to the group characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 76). Larvae of L. exilis can be distinguished from any other species of that group by the following combination of characters: lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 73), mandibles less than 4.80 times longer than broad, longer legs, absence of posteroventral secondary setae on the pro- and mesotarsus (Fig. 75), and presence of posteroventral secondary setae on the metatarsus.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFED277DFBE9FF05E6E18729	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFEF277CFBE8FB17E61A8153.text	256287ACFFEF277CFBE8FB17E61A8153.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus fridaywellensis (Watts & Humphreys 2001)	<div><p>Limbodessus fridaywellensis (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2001)</p> <p>(Figs 77–80)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.03917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.03917/lat -28.05)">One</a> specimen of instar III was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.03917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.03917/lat -28.05)">Larva</a> was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, Raeside palaeovalley, Depot Springs calcrete, site 425, BES 8414, 28.05S, 120.03917E, 28–VI–2000, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. Hinze.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). smaller species (HL less than 0.50 mm); head (Fig. 77) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 80).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 77–80). Head (Fig. 77). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 more than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 78–79). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 80). U more than 3.10 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.30 times longer than HW; U1 less than 0.60 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 31 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE absent; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral absent; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal, anteroventral and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 9. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 17.</p> <p>Remarks. Limbodessus fridaywellensis belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 77). Larvae of L. fridaywellensis are easily distinguished from the other species of this group by the following combination of characters: smaller size, lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 77), claws relatively longer as compared to tarsus (ratio CL/TA&gt; 0.40), absence of anteroventral secondary setae on the mesotarsus, and absence of posteroventral secondary setae on the tarsus (Fig. 79).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFEF277CFBE8FB17E61A8153	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFEE277CFBE8FD0DE7AA848B.text	256287ACFFEE277CFBE8FD0DE7AA848B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus hillviewensis (Watts & Humphreys 2004)	<div><p>Limbodessus hillviewensis (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2004)</p> <p>(Figs 81–84)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.4525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.97222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.4525/lat -26.97222)">One</a> specimen of instar III was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.4525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.97222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.4525/lat -26.97222)">Larva</a> was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=117.4525&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.97222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 117.4525/lat -26.97222)">Murchison</a> palaeovalley, Hillview calcrete, bore at Camel Well, BES 9399, 26.97222S, 117.4525E, 13–VI–2002, coll. W. F. Humphreys and R. Leys.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 81) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 84).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 81–84). Head (Fig. 81). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10– 3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 82–83). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 84). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 50 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 9. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 17.</p> <p>Remarks. This species was described on the basis of a single instar III which has the second urogomphomere broken. Limbodessus hillviewensis belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 84). Compared to other members of this group the larvae of L. hillviewensis are distinguished by having the lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 81), the claws relatively shorter as compared to tarsus (ratio CL/TA &lt;0.40), by the presence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 82), the absence of anteroventral secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 82), and the absence of posteroventral secondary setae on the</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFEE277CFBE8FD0DE7AA848B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFEB2766FBE8F963E76F81AB.text	256287ACFFEB2766FBE8F963E76F81AB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus hinkleri (Watts & Humphreys 2000)	<div><p>Limbodessus hinkleri (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2000)</p> <p>(Figs 85–88)</p> <p>Source of material. One specimen of instar II and one of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). Larvae were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, Carey palaeovalley, Hinkler Well</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species; head (Fig. 85) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale present; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale present; lateral margins of nasale inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 absent; occipital foramen moderately reduced (instar II: HW/OCW 0.80–2.10); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 absent; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 88).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II (Fig. 85). Head (Fig. 85). A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00–1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 less than 2.20 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.15 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 24 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on mesoTI present; anterodorsal secondary setae on metaTI absent; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTI absent; metaTI with less than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 5. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 13.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 86–88). Head. MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 86–87). Abdomen (Fig. 88). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 33 lamellae clypeales distributed in 1–2 rows; proCO without anterior and posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proFE present; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; secondary setae on proTA absent; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 9. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 17.</p> <p>Remarks. This species was described on the basis of one instar II and one badly preserved instar III, of which only the mouth parts and the last abdominal segment could be measured, and only the prothoracic leg was available for chaetotaxic analysis. Limbodessus hinkleri belongs to the group of species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 88). Larvae of L. hinkleri are very distinctive and can easily be recognized by the following combinations of characters: lateral margins of the nasale inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 85), presence of a hole-like structure on the ventrodistal surface of the nasale (more evident in instar III), absence of slender spinulae on the ventral surface of the nasale (anterior to seta FR13), and primary seta AN2 absent. The occipital foramen is somewhat reduced.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFEB2766FBE8F963E76F81AB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFF42762FBE8FC98E0CF827F.text	256287ACFFF42762FBE8FC98E0CF827F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus leysi Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus leysi Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 89 –106)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.14942&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.73439" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.14942/lat -28.73439)">One</a> specimen of instar I and three of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.14942&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.73439" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.14942/lat -28.73439)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.14942&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.73439" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.14942/lat -28.73439)">Carey</a> palaeovalley, Mt Morgan calcrete, Mt Weld Station, PB 1, BES 11816, 28.73439S, 122.14942E, 30–IX–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.1569&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.72177" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.1569/lat -28.72177)">Mt Morgan</a> calcrete, Mt Weld Station, PB 4, BES 10581, 28.72177S, 122.1569E, 30–IX–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 103) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale present; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 106).</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 89 –102). Head (Figs 89–97). Cephalic capsule strongly elongate (HL/HW more than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 more than 2.80 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 1.55–1.85 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.40–2.00 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 98–99). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 100–102). U more than 3.75 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.45 times longer than HW; U1 1.10–1.40 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 12 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 2.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 103–106). Head (Fig. 103). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 104–105). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 106). U 2.40–3.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 0.70–1.40 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 48 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 10. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 18.</p> <p>Remarks. Limbodessus leysi belongs to the group of species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 106). Compared to other members of this group, the larvae of L. leysi can readily be distinguished by the following combinations of characters: lateral margins of the nasale inflated in dorsal view, bearing a half-circle of dense spinulae (Figs 90, 103), and primary seta AN2 present.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFF42762FBE8FC98E0CF827F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFF02760FBE8FE25E0418713.text	256287ACFFF02760FBE8FE25E0418713.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus macrohinkleri Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus macrohinkleri Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 107–110)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.16203&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.88651" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.16203/lat -26.88651)">One</a> specimen of instar II was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.16203&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.88651" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.16203/lat -26.88651)">The</a> larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.16203&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.88651" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.16203/lat -26.88651)">Carey</a> palaeovalley, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.16203&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.88651" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.16203/lat -26.88651)">Hinkler Well</a> calcrete, Lake Way Station, Dawson’s Well, BES 10493, 26.88651S, 120.16203E, 3–VI–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys, C. H. S. Watts and C. Clay.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar II). Larger species (HL more than 1.05 mm); head (Fig. 107) pyriform; nasale digitiform; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale well developed; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen strongly reduced (HW/OCW more than 2.70); occipital suture absent; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal numerous; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U present (Fig. 110).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II (Figs 107–110). Head (Fig. 107). A3 more than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 more than 3.20 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 0.90 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 108–109). L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen (Fig. 110). U more than 4.15 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.15 times longer than HW; U1 more than 1.65 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 228 lamellae clypeales distributed in 3–4 rows; anterior secondary setae on proCO present; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with more than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with more than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTI absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with more than 3 posterodorsal secondary setae; metaTI with more than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTI present; metaTI with more than 5 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; anteroventral and posteroventral secondary setae on proTA present; posterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; metaTA with more than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 5. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 13.</p> <p>Instar III. Not available.</p> <p>Remarks. The absence of instar III specimens of L. macrohinkleri hampers the comparison with the other species described here, particularly regarding some chaetotaxic characters. Limbodessus macrohinkleri belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. barwidgeeensis, L. bigbellensis, L. cooperi, L. eberhardi, L. nambiensis, L. raesideensis, L. yandalensis) (Fig. 110), and within this group it can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: head pyriform (Fig. 107), occipital suture absent (Fig. 107), occipital foramen strongly reduced (Fig. 107), and absence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 108).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFF02760FBE8FE25E0418713	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFF2276DFBE8FBCCE70A8285.text	256287ACFFF2276DFBE8FBCCE70A8285.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus masonensis (Watts & Humphreys 2001)	<div><p>Limbodessus masonensis (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2001)</p> <p>(Figs 111–114)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.5218&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.586" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.5218/lat -27.586)">Two</a> specimens of instar II and two of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.5218&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.586" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.5218/lat -27.586)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.5218&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.586" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.5218/lat -27.586)">Raeside</a> palaeovalley, Lake Mason calcrete, Salt Well, BES 14361, 27.586S, 119.5218E, 20–IX–2006, coll. W. F. Humphreys and T. Moulds.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 111) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale well developed; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/ OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hairlike; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 114).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00–1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.25 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 25 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal, anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 5. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 13.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 111–114). Head (Fig. 111). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 112–113). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 114). U 2.40–3.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 0.70–1.40 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 50 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 10. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 18.</p> <p>Remarks. This species belongs to the group characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 114). Larvae of L. masonensis can be distinguished from any other species of that group by the following combination of features: lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 111), mandibles less than 4.80 times longer than broad, shorter legs, presence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 112), absence of anteroventral secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 112), absence of secondary setae on the protarsus (Figs 112–113), presence of anteroventral secondary setae on the mesotarsus, and absence of posteroventral secondary setae on the tarsus (Fig. 113).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFF2276DFBE8FBCCE70A8285	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFFFF276CFBE8FE78E61081D0.text	256287ACFFFF276CFBE8FE78E61081D0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus millbilliensis Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus millbilliensis Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 115 –133)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.23194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.675" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.23194/lat -26.675)">One</a> specimen of instar I, one of instar II and two of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.23194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.675" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.23194/lat -26.675)">The</a> larvae were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.23194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.675" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.23194/lat -26.675)">Carey</a> palaeovalley, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.23194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.675" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.23194/lat -26.675)">Lake Violet</a> calcrete, Wiluna Gold, Bore Field, observation bore for pump 1, BES 7148, 26.675S, 120.23194E, 18–V–1999, coll. W. F. Humphreys and H. J. Hahn; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.23194&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.675" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.23194/lat -26.675)">Lake Violet</a> calcrete, Wiluna Gold, Bore Field, BES 6437, 26.675S, 120.23194E, 9–V–2001; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.2248&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.6801" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.2248/lat -26.6801)">Millbillie Station</a>, MB for pump 3, BES 14317, 26.6801S, 120.2248E, 18–IX–2006, coll. W. F. Humphreys and T. Moulds.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 129) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale present (Fig. 130); lateral margins of nasale inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 absent; occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN narrow; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 133).</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 115–128). Head (Figs 115–123). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 more than 2.80 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 1.55–1.85 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.40– 2.00 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 124–125). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 126– 128). U less than 3.45 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.35 times longer than HW; U1 1.10–1.40 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 14 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 2.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN more than 4.90 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00– 1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U less than 2.80 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.15 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 31 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on proCO present; ventral secondary setae on mesoCO absent; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTI absent; metaTI with less than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 6. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 14.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 129–133). Head (Fig. 129). A3 more than 2.50 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN more than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 131–132). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 133). U 2.40–3.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 0.70–1.40 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 56 lamellae clypeales distributed setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 10. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 18.</p> <p>Remarks. Limbodessus millbilliensis is a very distinctive stygobitic species. It belongs to the group characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 133). The species is unique in that the distal half of the mandible is narrower than in the other species studied (Figs 121, 129). Also, other characteristic features are the lateral margins of the nasale inflated in dorsal view (shared with L. hinkleri and L. leysi) (Fig. 129), the presence of a hole-like structure on the ventrodistal surface of the nasale (well visible both in instars II and III) (Fig. 130), and the absence of slender spinulae on the ventral surface of the nasale, anterior to seta FR13 (shared only with L. hinkleri).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFFFF276CFBE8FE78E61081D0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF842716FBE8FF05E0788021.text	256287ACFF842716FBE8FF05E0788021.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus mirandaae Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus mirandaae Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 134 –147)</p> <p>Source of material. One specimen of instar I was used for the description (Table 1). The larva was collected at the following locality: Australia, Carey palaeovalley, Miranda West calcrete, Yacabindie Station, BES 10478 &amp; 84, 6–VI–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and C. H. S. Watts. The larva studied was determined by comparing the sequence of a fragment of the CO1 gene with that of a known adult.</p> <p>Diagnosis. No diagnosis is provided owing to a lack of specimens of instars II and III.</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 134 –147). Head (Figs 134–142). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 2.20–2.75 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 less than 1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 1.30 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 143–144). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs. 145– 147). Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 14 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 3.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III. Not available.</p> <p>Remarks. This species was described on the basis of a single instar I with the second urogomphomere broken, which prevented the evaluation of urogomphal morphometry. The species is not diagnosed above because of lack of instars II and III. However, it can be separated from the other species described as instar I by the combination of characters given under the description.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF842716FBE8FF05E0788021	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF842713FBE8FC10E35482D3.text	256287ACFF842713FBE8FC10E35482D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus morgani (Watts & Humphreys 2000)	<div><p>Limbodessus morgani (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2000)</p> <p>(Figs 148–161)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.33833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.85444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.33833/lat -26.85444)">One</a> specimen of instar I and one of instar II were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.33833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.85444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.33833/lat -26.85444)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.33833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.85444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.33833/lat -26.85444)">Carey</a> palaeovalley, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.33833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.85444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.33833/lat -26.85444)">Uramurdah Lake</a> calcrete, NE Lake Way, No 7, site 285, BES 6450, 26.85444S, 120.33833E, 9-V-2001, coll. W. F. Humphreys, C. H. S. Watts and S. J. B. Cooper.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar II). Smaller species (HL less than 0.40 mm); head subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; halfcircle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.75); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent.</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 148–161). Head (Figs 148–156). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted contiguous to setae PA1 and PA2; A3 more than 2.80 times longer than A1; A3 less than 2.05 times longer than A2; MP2 more than 2.10 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 2.40 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 157–158). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 159–161). U more than 3.75 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.35 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.05 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 12 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 more than 0.75 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 less than 2.05 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 1.75 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 less than 2.20 times longer than HW; CL(L3) more than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.15 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 22 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on proCO absent; ventral secondary setae on mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTI absent; metaTI with less than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 6. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 14.</p> <p>Instar III. Not available.</p> <p>Remarks. The absence of instar III specimens of L. morgani hampers the comparison with the other species described here, particularly regarding the chaetotaxic characters. Limbodessus morgani has a small size and belongs to the group of stygobitic species that lack secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis). Within this group, it can be separated by the following combination of characters: lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view, and claws relatively longer as compared to tarsus (ratio CL/TA&gt; 0.40). This last feature separates L. morgani from all other stygobitic species studied except L. fridaywellensis.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF842713FBE8FC10E35482D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF812713FBE8FDB6E34D848E.text	256287ACFF812713FBE8FDB6E34D848E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus nambiensis Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus nambiensis Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 162 –175)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.83721&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.24039" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.83721/lat -28.24039)">One</a> specimen of instar I and one of instar II were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.83721&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.24039" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.83721/lat -28.24039)">Larvae</a> were collected at the following localities: Australia, Carey palaeovalley, Nambi calcrete, MEB site 106, BES 10314, 28.23974S, 121.83632E, 21–III–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper; Nambi calcrete, MEB site 105, BES 10316, 28.24039S, 121.83721E, 21–III–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper. The larvae studied were determined by comparing the sequence of a fragment of the CO1 gene with that of a known adult.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar II). Medium-sized species (instar II: HL 0.45–0.85 mm); head subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen moderately reduced (instar II: HW/OCW 0.80–2.10); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal numerous; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U present.</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 162 –175). Head (Figs 162–170). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 less than 2.15 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 less than 1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 1.30 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 171–172). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 173–175). U 3.60–3.70 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.35 times longer than HW; U1 more than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 12 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 3.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 less than 1.05 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 0.90 times as long as LP1. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.15 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 36 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 6.</p> <p>Instar III. Not available.</p> <p>Remarks. The description of L. nambiensis is based on one well preserved instar I and one instar II in which the legs are lacking. For this reason, morphometric and chaetotaxic characters could not be evaluated. The absence of instar III specimens hampers the comparison with the other species described here, particularly regarding the chaetotaxic characters. Limbodessus nambiensis belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. barwidgeeensis, L. bigbellensis, L. cooperi, L. eberhardi, L. macrohinkleri, L. raesideensis, L. yandalensis), and within this group it can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: smaller size, head subpentagonal, occipital suture present, and occipital foramen moderately reduced.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF812713FBE8FDB6E34D848E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF822710FBE8FF05E7AD848B.text	256287ACFF822710FBE8FF05E7AD848B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus ordinarius Watts & Humphreys 2009	<div><p>Limbodessus ordinarius Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2009</p> <p>(Figs 176–179)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.3213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.8286" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.3213/lat -27.8286)">Three</a> specimens of instar II and three of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.3213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.8286" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.3213/lat -27.8286)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, Raeside palaeovalley, Black Range North calcrete, MRB 160, BES 13224, 27.8286S, 119.3213E, 2–IV–2006, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 176) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 179).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 less than 1.05 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00–1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.15 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 26 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal, anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; mesoTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on proTI present; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTI absent; metaTI with less than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 6. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 14.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 176–179). Head (Fig. 176). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 177–178). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 179). U 2.40–3.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 0.70–1.40 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 53 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 11. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 19.</p> <p>Remarks. Limbodessus ordinarius belongs to the group of species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 179), from which it is distinguished by the following combination of characters: lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 176), absence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 177), presence of</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF822710FBE8FF05E7AD848B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF8C271BFBE8FAEEE71983E9.text	256287ACFF8C271BFBE8FAEEE71983E9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus palmulaoides Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus palmulaoides Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 180–193)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.19766&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.39652" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.19766/lat -28.39652)">One</a> specimen of instar I was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.19766&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.39652" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.19766/lat -28.39652)">The</a> larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, Carey palaeovalley, Mounth Windarra calcrete, MEB site 73, BES 10292, 28.39652S, 122.19766E, 20–III–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper.</p> <p>Diagnosis. No diagnosis is provided owing to a lack of specimens of instars II and III.</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 180–193). Head (Figs 180–188). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 less than 2.15 times longer than A1; A3 (instar I): (0) less than 2.05 times longer than A2; MP2 less than 1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 1.30 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 189–190). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 191–193). U more than 3.75 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.35 times longer than HW; U1 more than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 12 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 3.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Remarks. The species is not diagnosed above because of lack of instars II and III. However, it can be separated from all the other species described as instar I by the presence of additional setae on the urogomphus (Fig. 193), a unique feature within the taxa examined, and by the combination of characters given under the description.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF8C271BFBE8FAEEE71983E9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF89271BFBE8FED7E1D384ED.text	256287ACFF89271BFBE8FED7E1D384ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus pulpa (Watts & Humphreys 1999)	<div><p>Limbodessus pulpa (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 1999)</p> <p>(Figs 194–207)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.77667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.43389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.77667/lat -26.43389)">Two</a> specimens of instar I and one of instar II were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.77667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.43389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.77667/lat -26.43389)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, Carey palaeovalley, Paroo calcrete, GSWA 6 central, BES 5606, 26.43389S, 119.77667E, 7–V–2001, coll. W. F. Humphreys, C. H. S. Watts and S. J. B. Cooper; Paroo calcrete, BES 5617, 7–V–2001, coll. W. F. Humphreys, C. H. S. Watts and S. J. B. Cooper; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.77722&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.43389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.77722/lat -26.43389)">Paroo</a> calcrete, GSWA 6NE, BES 8132, 26.43389S, 119.77722E, 21–VIII–2001, coll. W. F. Humphreys, T. Karanovic and J. M. Waldock.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar II). Medium-sized species (instar II: HL 0.45–0.85 mm); head subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (instar II: HW/ OCW less than 1.75); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hairlike; secondary setae on U absent.</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 194–207). Head (Figs 194–202). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 2.20–2.75 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 1.55–1.85 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.40–2.00 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 203–204). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 205–207). U less than 3.45 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.35 times longer than HW; U1 1.10–1.40 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 14 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 4.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00–1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 29 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTI absent; metaTI with less than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 6. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 14.</p> <p>Instar III. Not available.</p> <p>Remarks. The description of L. pulpa is based on two well preserved instar I and one instar II in which the second urogomphomere is broken. For this reason, morphometric characters could not be evaluated for the urogomphus of instar II. The absence of instar III specimens hampers the comparison with the other species described here, particularly regarding the chaetotaxic characters. Limbodessus pulpa belongs to the group of species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. raeae, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis), and within this group is likely to be distinguished by the following combination of characters: lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view, lateral margins of parietal curved, and claws relatively shorter as compared to tarsus (ratio CL/TA &lt;0.40). Watts &amp; Humphreys (1999) described a Limbodessus larva identified as “Larva form 2” from the same locality (Paroo calcrete) where the specimens of L. pulpa described here were collected. A comparison with the drawings provided by Watts &amp; Humphreys (1999) strongly suggests that the specimen identified as “Larva form 2” is indeed L. pulpa. A drawing of the habitus of this species was presented by Watts &amp; Humphreys (1999).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF89271BFBE8FED7E1D384ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF8A2718FBE8FF05E13086C9.text	256287ACFF8A2718FBE8FF05E13086C9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus raeae Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus raeae Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 208–211)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.1621&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.8866" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.1621/lat -28.8866)">One</a> specimen of instar III was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.1621&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.8866" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.1621/lat -28.8866)">The</a> larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.1621&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.8866" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.1621/lat -28.8866)">Carey</a> palaeovalley, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=120.1621&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.8866" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 120.1621/lat -28.8866)">Hinkler Well</a> calcrete, Lake Way Station, Dawson’s Well, BES 14305, 28.8866S, 120.1621E, 17–IX–2006, coll. W. F. Humphreys and T. Moulds.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 208) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 211).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 208–211). Head (Fig. 208). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 209–210). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 211). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 59 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; proCO with 1–4 anterior secondary setae; mesoCO with 1–5 anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal and anteroventral secondary setae on proTI present; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on pro- and metaTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 11. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 19.</p> <p>Remarks. The description of L. raeae is based on a single instar III in which the mesothoracic legs and the second urogomphomere were broken, which prevented the evaluation of some morphometric and chaetotaxic characters. This species belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. windarraensis, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 211). Compared to these species, larvae of L. raeae can be distinguished by the lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 208), the presence of anterior secondary setae on the pro- and mesocoxa (Fig. 209), the presence of anteroventral secondary setae on the protibia and the protarsus (Fig. 209), and the absence of posteroventral secondary setae on the tarsus (Fig. 210).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF8A2718FBE8FF05E13086C9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF8A2705FBE8F988E67D802B.text	256287ACFF8A2705FBE8F988E67D802B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus raesideensis (Watts & Humphreys 2001)	<div><p>Limbodessus raesideensis (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2001)</p> <p>(Figs 212–215)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.62417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.54" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.62417/lat -27.54)">Two</a> specimens of instar II and two of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.62417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.54" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.62417/lat -27.54)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.62417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.54" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.62417/lat -27.54)">Raeside</a> palaeovalley, Lake Mason calcrete, Salt Well, BES 8353, 27.54S, 119.62417E, 24–VI–2000, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. Hinze; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.5218&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.586" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.5218/lat -27.586)">Lake Mason</a> calcrete, Salt Well, BES 14361, 27.586S, 119.5218E, 20–IX–2006, coll. W. F. Humphreys and T. Moulds.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Larger species (HL more than 1.25 mm); head (Fig. 212) pyriform; nasale digitiform; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale well developed; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 numerous (25 or more); occipital foramen strongly reduced (HW/OCW</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 less than 1.05 times longer than MP1; MP2 more than 3.20 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 0.90 times as long as LP1. Legs. L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.15 times longer than HW; U1 more than 1.65 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 70 lamellae clypeales distributed in 1–2 rows; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with more than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with more than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anteroventral, posterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on proTI present; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; metaTI with more than 5 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; anteroventral and posteroventral secondary setae on proTA present; posterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; metaTA with more than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 7. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 15.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 212–215). Head (Fig. 212). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP more than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2</p> <p>3.20–4.00 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 213–214). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 215). U more than 3.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 1.80–2.60 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 134 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; proCO with more than 7 anterior secondary setae; mesoCO with 1–5 anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with more than 21 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with more than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE present; metaFE with more than 30 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with more than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with more than 18 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA present; metaTA with 1–5 posteroventral secondary setae; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with more than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 11. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 19.</p> <p>Remarks. Limbodessus raesideensis is a very characteristic stygobitic species that belongs to the group of species characterized by the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. barwidgeeensis, L. bigbellensis, L. cooperi, L. eberhardi, L. macrohinkleri, L. nambiensis, L. yandalensis) (Fig. 215). Within this group, it can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: head pyriform (Fig. 212), occipital suture present (Fig. 212), occipital foramen strongly reduced (Fig. 212), presence of anterior secondary setae on the coxa (Fig. 213), presence of posterodorsal secondary setae on the meso- and metafemur, femur with more than 30 secondary setae, and absence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia and protarsus (Fig. 213).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF8A2705FBE8F988E67D802B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF91270FFBE9FF05E13082D3.text	256287ACFF91270FFBE9FF05E13082D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus windarraensis (Watts & Humphreys 1999)	<div><p>Limbodessus windarraensis (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 1999)</p> <p>(Figs 216 –233)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.20378&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.3912" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.20378/lat -28.3912)">One</a> specimen of instar I, one of instar II and one of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.20378&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.3912" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.20378/lat -28.3912)">Larvae</a> were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.20378&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.3912" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.20378/lat -28.3912)">Carey</a> palaeovalley, Mount Windarra calcrete, Leverton Downs Station, MEB site 90, BES 10305, 28.39120S, 122.20378E, 20–III–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=122.19969&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.40192" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 122.19969/lat -28.40192)">Mount Windarra</a> calcrete, Leverton Downs Station, MEB site 95 bore line, BES 10307, 28.40192S, 122.19969E, 20–III–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 230) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 233).</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 216–229). Head (Figs 216–224). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 2.20–2.75 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 less than 1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.40–2.00 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 225–226). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 227–229). Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 12 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 4.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 more than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00–1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.15 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 26 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO present; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTI present; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTI absent; metaTI with less than 5 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on proTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA absent; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 7. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 15.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 230–233). Head (Fig. 230). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN more than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 231–232). L3 2.25– 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 233). Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 52 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; proCO with 1–4 anterior secondary setae; mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; proTA with 1–7 secondary setae; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16</p> <p>Remarks. The instars I and III of L. windarraensis examined had the second urogomphomere broken, which prevented the evaluation of urogomphal morphometry. This species belongs to the group of stygobitic species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. yuinmeryensis) (Fig. 233), from which it can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 230), presence of anterior secondary setae on the procoxa (Fig. 231), metacoxa with four secondary setae, presence of anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia (Figs 231–232), presence of anteroventral secondary setae on the protarsus (Fig. 231), and absence of posteroventral secondary setae on the tarsus (Fig. 231).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF91270FFBE9FF05E13082D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF9D270FFBE8FDB6E7AD848E.text	256287ACFF9D270FFBE8FDB6E7AD848E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus yandalensis Watts & Humphreys 2006	<div><p>Limbodessus yandalensis Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2006</p> <p>(Figs 234–237)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.02592&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.76413" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.02592/lat -27.76413)">One</a> specimen of instar III was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.02592&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.76413" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.02592/lat -27.76413)">The</a> larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, Carey palaeovalley, Yandal calcrete, MEB site 128, BES 10345, 27.76413S, 121.02592E, 23–III–2004, coll. W. F. Humphreys and S. J. B. Cooper.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Larger species (HL more than 1.25 mm); head (Fig. 234) pyriform; nasale digitiform; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale well developed; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 numerous (25 or more); occipital foramen strongly reduced (HW/OCW more than 2.85); occipital suture absent; lateral margins of parietal curved; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal numerous; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U present (Fig. 237).</p> <p>Instar I. Not available.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 234–237). Head (Fig. 234). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 more than 4.30 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 235–236). L3 2.25– 2.85 times longer than HW. Chaetotaxy (Fig. 237). Anteroventral margin of nasale with 206 lamellae clypeales distributed in 3 rows; proCO with 1–4 anterior secondary setae; mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with 12–15 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with more than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with more than 30 secondary setae; anterodorsal, anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with more than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with more than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with more than 18 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on pro-, meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoTA present; metaTA with more than 8 posteroventral secondary setae; proTA with more than 9 secondary setae; mesoTA with more than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with more than 18 secondary setae; secondary setae on U present. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 12. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 20.</p> <p>Remarks. The only specimen of L. yandalensis examined had the second urogomphomere broken, which prevented the evaluation of urogomphal morphometry. Limbodessus yandalensis is a very characteristic stygobitic species that belongs to the group of species characterized by the presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. barwidgeeensis, L. bigbellensis, L. cooperi, L. eberhardi, L. macrohinkleri, L. nambiensis, L. raesideensis) (Fig. 237). Within this group, L. yandalensis can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: head pyriform (Fig. 234), occipital suture abesent (Fig. 234), occipital foramen strongly reduced (Fig. 234), presence of anterior secondary setae on the procoxa (Fig. 235), absence of posterodorsal secondary setae on the meso- and metafemur, presence of anterodorsal secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 235), and absence of anterodorsal</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF9D270FFBE8FDB6E7AD848E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF9F270DFBE8FAE9E3D284BB.text	256287ACFF9F270DFBE8FAE9E3D284BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus yarrabubbaensis Watts & Humphreys 2009	<div><p>Limbodessus yarrabubbaensis Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2009</p> <p>(Figs 238 –251)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.6795&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.0668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.6795/lat -27.0668)">One</a> specimen of instar I was used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=118.6795&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.0668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 118.6795/lat -27.0668)">The</a> larva was collected in association with adults at the following locality: Australia, Murchison palaeovalley, Yarrabubba South calcrete, MEB site 72, BES 13100, 27.0668S, 118.6795E, 21–X–2005, coll. W. F. Humphreys and R. Leys.</p> <p>Diagnosis. No diagnosis is provided owing to a lack of specimens of instars II and III.</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 238 –251). Head (Figs 238–246). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted far from setae PA1 and PA2; A3 2.20–2.75 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 less than 1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 more than 3.30 times longer than MP3; LP2 less than 1.30 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 247–248). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 249–251). U 3.60–3.70 times longer than LAS; U less than 2.35 times longer than HW; U1 more than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 14 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 4.</p> <p>Instar II. Not available.</p> <p>Instar III. Not available.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF9F270DFBE8FAE9E3D284BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
256287ACFF982736FBE8FF05E111829B.text	256287ACFF982736FBE8FF05E111829B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Limbodessus yuinmeryensis (Watts & Humphreys 2003)	<div><p>Limbodessus yuinmeryensis (Watts &amp; Humphreys, 2003)</p> <p>(Figs 252 –269)</p> <p>Source of material. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.09111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.54972" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.09111/lat -28.54972)">Two</a> specimens of instar I, two of instar II and two of instar III were used for the description (Table 1). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.09111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.54972" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.09111/lat -28.54972)">The</a> larvae were collected in association with adults at the following localities: Australia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.09111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.54972" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.09111/lat -28.54972)">Raeside</a> palaeovalley, Yuinmery calcrete, New Well, BES 6654, 28.54972S, 119.09111E, 15-V-2001, coll. W. F. Humphreys, C. H. S. Watts and S. J. B. Cooper; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.13333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.54306" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.13333/lat -28.54306)">Yuinmery</a> calcrete, Nine mile Well, BES 8061, 28.54306S, 119.13333E, 15-V-2001, coll. W. F. Humphreys, C. H. S. Watts and S. J. B. Cooper; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.3213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.8286" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.3213/lat -27.8286)">Yuinmery</a> calcrete, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.3213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.8286" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.3213/lat -27.8286)">Youanmi Station</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.3213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.8286" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.3213/lat -27.8286)">Ram</a> (New) Well, BES 14372, 27.8286S, 119.3213E, 20-IX-2006, coll. W. F. Humphreys and T. Moulds; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.3213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.8286" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.3213/lat -27.8286)">Yuinmery</a> calcrete, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.3213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.8286" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.3213/lat -27.8286)">Youanmi Station</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=119.3213&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.8286" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 119.3213/lat -27.8286)">Ram</a> (New) Well, BES 14373, 27.8286S, 119.3213E, 20-IX-2006, coll. W. F. Humphreys and T. Moulds.</p> <p>Diagnosis (instar III). Medium-sized species (HL 0.55–1.15 mm); head (Fig. 266) subpentagonal; nasale subtriangular; half-circle of dense spinulae on lateroventral margins of nasale absent; hole-like structure on ventrodistal surface of nasale absent; lateral margins of nasale not inflated in dorsal view; lateral branches of nasale minute; slender spinulae anterior to seta FR13 scarce (20 or less); occipital foramen well developed (HW/OCW less than 1.90); occipital suture present; lateral margins of parietal straight; secondary spiniform setae on lateral margins of parietal scarce; seta AN2 present; distal half of MN broad; setae LA3, LA4, LA5 and LA8 hair-like; secondary setae on U absent (Fig. 269).</p> <p>Instar I (Figs 252–265). Head (Figs 252–260). Cephalic capsule not strongly elongate (HL/HW less than 1.55); seta PA3 inserted contiguous to setae PA1 and PA2; A3 (1) 2.20–2.75 times longer than A1; A3 more than 2.25 times longer than A2; MP2 1.55–1.85 times longer than MP1; MP2 1.95–2.65 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.40–2.00 times longer than LP1. Legs (Figs 261–262). L3 less than 2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Figs 263–265). U more than 3.75 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.45 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.05 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Frontoclypeus with 12 lamellae clypeales; additional setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 4.</p> <p>Instar II. Head. A3 less than 2.50 times longer than A1; A4 less than 0.70 times as long as A3; MN less than 4.70 times longer than broad; MP2 1.05–1.45 times longer than MP1; MP2 2.10–2.95 times longer than MP3; LP2 1.00–1.70 times longer than LP1. Legs. L3 2.25–2.95 times longer than HW; CL(L3) less than 0.40 times as long as TA. Abdomen. U 3.00–4.00 times longer than LAS; U more than 2.25 times longer than HW; U1 less than 1.45 times longer than U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 24 lamellae clypeales distributed in a single row; anterior secondary setae on proCO absent; meso- and metaCO with less than 5 posterodorsal secondary setae; ventral secondary setae on pro- and mesoCO present; proFE with less than 3 posteroventral secondary setae; metaFE with less than 11 secondary setae; anterodorsal, anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; anterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTI present; meso- and metaTI with less than 2 posterodorsal secondary setae; posteroventral secondary setae on pro- and metaTI present; posteroventral secondary setae on mesoTI absent; metaTI with less than 5 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; metaTA with less than 4 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 7. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 15.</p> <p>Instar III (Figs 266–269). Head (Fig. 266). A3 less than 2.25 times longer than A1; A3 less than 1.45 times longer than A2; MN less than 4.85 times longer than broad; MP less than 1.75 times longer than labial palpus; MP2 2.10–3.10 times longer than MP3; LP2 more than 0.65 times as long as LP1. Legs (Figs 267–268). L3 2.25–2.85 times longer than HW. Abdomen (Fig. 269). U more than 3.10 times longer than LAS; U 1.55–2.25 times longer than HW; U1 0.70–1.40 times as long as U2. Chaetotaxy. Anteroventral margin of nasale with 40 lamellae clypeales distributed in 2 rows; pro- and mesoCO without anterior secondary setae; pro-, meso- and metaCO without posterior secondary setae; proCO with less than 11 secondary setae; metaCO with less than 20 secondary setae; anterodorsal secondary setae on pro- and metaFE present; metaFE with less than 12 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaFE absent; metaFE with 9–27 secondary setae; anterodorsal and anteroventral secondary setae on proTI present; mesoTI with less than 4 anteroventral secondary setae; metaTI with less than 9 anteroventral secondary setae; posterodorsal secondary setae on proTI absent; metaTI with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on proTA absent; anterodorsal and posteroventral secondary setae on meso- and metaTA absent; anteroventral and posterodorsal secondary setae on meso- and metaTA present; mesoTA with less than 7 secondary setae; metaTA with less than 16 secondary setae; secondary setae on U absent. Measurements and ratios that characterize the body shape are shown in Table 12. Secondary leg setation detailed in Table 20.</p> <p>Remarks. Limbodessus yuinmeryensis belongs to the group of species characterized by the absence of secondary setae on the urogomphus (L. challaensis, L. exilis, L. fridaywellensis, L. hillviewensis, L. hinkleri, L. leysi, L. masonensis, L. millbilliensis, L. morgani, L. ordinarius, L. pulpa, L. raeae, L. windarraensis) (Fig. 269). Larvae of this species can be distinguished from those of any species of that group by the following combination of characters: lateral margins of the nasale not inflated in dorsal view (Fig. 266), presence of anteroventral secondary setae on the protibia (Fig. 267), absence of anteroventral secondary setae on the protarsus (Fig. 267), and absence of posteroventral secondary setae on the tarsus (Fig. 268).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/256287ACFF982736FBE8FF05E111829B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Michat, Mariano C.;Alarie, Yves;Watts, Chris H. S.	Michat, Mariano C., Alarie, Yves, Watts, Chris H. S. (2012): 3584. Zootaxa 3584 (1): 1-110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3584.1.1
