identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
2F188787BA583475FF2E3AD1FA9CF9A8.text	2F188787BA583475FF2E3AD1FA9CF9A8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psomizopelma Gibson 1995	<div><p>Psomizopelma Gibson</p><p>Psomizopelma Gibson, 1995: 255 –258. Type species: Psomizopelma brachypterum Gibson, by monotypy and original designation.</p><p>Diagnosis. FEMALE. Body usually mostly yellow (e.g. Figs 44, 45) to dark brown (e.g. Figs 17, 18) except gaster with all but apical one or two sternites and at least Gt1 and Gt2 and sometimes Gt3 laterally white (Figs 8, 24, 33, 45, 62), though sometimes with quite distinct metallic luster on head and mesosoma (Fig. 54) and gaster dorsally (Fig. 62); body (excluding appendages) mostly meshlike reticulate to punctate-reticulate, though sometimes acropleuron or gaster much more finely sculptured than rest of body.</p><p>Head in lateral view comparatively flat, lenticular (Figs 2, 18, 33), and in frontal view (Figs 3, 19, 34, 46, 56) subcircular to somewhat transversely oval with comparatively large, densely setose, elongate-oval eyes with subparallel inner margins extending most of height of head such that malar space only about one-quarter to one-third height of eye; entirely setose except for variably extensively bare scrobes; scrobal depression more or less bell-shaped but lacking distinct margins except for sinuous, carinate margin lateral of torulus; toruli inserted much closer to oral margin than middle of head, ventral margin separated from oral margin by distance only about equal to height of torulus (Figs 4, 20, 35, 47, 57). Mandible tridentate (Figs 4, 57). Antenna (Figs 4, 36, 41– 43, 59) variable in colour pattern, entirely dark to partly pale; clavate; fl1 longer than wide, subequal in length or longer than fl2; clava large, subequal in length to combined length of apical 4–6 funiculars, and in ventral view with variably conspicuous sensory region along most or entire length (Figs 4, 43).</p><p>Brachypterous (fore wing extending at least to base of gaster but for less than half length of gaster, Figs 1, 17, 32, 54) or macropterous (fore wing extending about to apex of gaster, Figs 44, 45). Fore wing densely setose and infuscate with orangish to dark brown setae, without hyaline regions with white setae (Figs 7, 23, 38, 52, 61). Mesosomal structures similar in both brachypterous and macropterous forms except mesoscutum with distinct, convex, triangular medial lobe only in macropterous female (cf. Figs 5, 48: arrow). Pronotum in dorsal view subtriangular, medially divided with dorsal surface in single plane, without differentiated collar and neck (Figs 1, 17, 44, 48). Prepectus (Figs 6: pre, 21, 49, 58) comparatively short, not extending posteriorly to base of tegula (Fig. 6: tg, 21, 37, 49, 58); bare or setose. Metapleuron (Fig. 22: pl3) bare or setose, separated by more or less distinct carina (e.g. Fig. 50: arrow) from more horizontal, quadrangular, setose metasternal surface (Fig. 22: st3; Gibson 1995, fig. 138: lpl) separating acropleuron from base of metacoxa (Figs 22, 50). Mesotibia with apical groove (e.g. Gibson 1995, fig. 329: mag) and with apical pegs over base of tibial spur (e.g. Gibson 1995, fig. 327: map); mesobasotarsomere ventrally with single row of pegs along either side (e.g. Gibson 1995, fig. 328: mpg), the pegs similar in color to tibia. Metafemur in lateral view sometimes with dorsal margin undulating (Fig. 2) or femur distinctly expanded subapically (Figs 18, 60); metatibia strongly compressed dorsally, unicolorous dark (Fig. 40) or with dorsal margin paler (Figs 2, 45) and sometimes with variably distinct ‘notch’ along dorsal (Fig. 60) or ventral margin (Fig. 40). Propodeum with carinate margins of foramen sinuately or arch-like incurved to anterior margin, differentiating uniformly meshlike reticulate plical and callar regions (Fig. 51).</p><p>Gaster (Figs 8, 24, 39, 53, 62) with posterior margins of tergites transverse except Gt5 emarginate; syntergum extended posteriorly into syntergal flange over only slightly protruding ovipositor sheaths.</p><p>MALE. Head structure, setation and sculpture (Figs 11, 27) similar to female except for antennal structure and malar space longer, about 0.4× eye height. Antenna (Figs 12, 28) with pedicel almost as long as combined length of fl1 and fl2, and ventrally without line of long setae; flagellum variably distinctly robust-filiform with multiple rows of inconspicuous mps beyond fl1; fl1 almost as long to somewhat longer than wide, but slightly shorter than fl2, without mps; clava of same width as and at least as long as combined length of apical three funiculars, and tapered to point apically without distinct micropilose sensory region. Mesosoma not unusually modified for male Eupelminae (Figs 13, 14, 30); metapleuron with 2–5 setae ventrally; metasternal region (Fig. 30: st3) much smaller and less conspicuous than for female, but separated from metapleuron (Fig. 30: pl3) by carina and separating mesepimeron from base of metacoxa (Figs 14, 30) similar to female. Fore wing (Figs 15, 29) without speculum; disc at least slightly infuscate behind marginal vein. Metatibia less distinctly compressed than for female, but sometimes with dorsal margin paler (Fig. 10) as for female.</p><p>Discussion. Females of Psomizopelma can be distinguished from those of all other genera except Taphronotus Gibson by their comparatively short prepectus (Fig. 6: pre) that apically is conspicuously separated from the base of the tegula (Figs 6: tg, 21, 49, 58) (Gibson 1995, character 20, state 2, table 1). A more comprehensive description of both sexes is given by Gibson (1995), though some modifications to this are necessitated by the newly described species. The discovery of P. metallicum females demonstrates that at least the head (Figs 54–57) and mesosoma dorsally (Figs 54, 61) can have quite distinct metallic lusters. Males of P. metallicum are unknown and therefore it is unknown whether they display similar metallic lusters, but this is possible because the larger P. albiclava male exhibits slight but distinct metallic luster (Fig. 11). This contradicts Gibson’s (1995) couplet 13(12) for males, which keys out Psomizopelma . The discovery of P. albiclava males also falsifies some other statements in the couplet and the generic diagnosis. Relative length of the OOL for P. albiclava males differs from that stated in the key and generic diagnosis of Gibson (1995), the flagellar segments, including fl1, are all quite obviously longer than wide (Fig. 12), and the body is not uniformly dark brown but has some yellowish regions (Fig. 13) in addition to sometimes slight metallic luster. However, Psomizopelma males are quite readily identifiable to genus because head structure (Figs 11, 27) is otherwise similar to that of females (Figs 3, 19).</p><p>Homology of the lateral surface of the metathorax remains somewhat uncertain in Psomizopelma, but females have a vertical, sculptured, bare or setose region that here is interpreted as the metapleuron (Fig. 22: pl3). Ventrally this region is separated by a variably well-developed transverse carina (Fig. 50: arrow) from a more horizontal, setose region that is here interpreted as an exposed part of the metasternum (Fig. 22: st3), which separates the posterior of the acropleuron from the base of the metacoxa (Figs 22, 50). Males are known for only P. albiclava and P. brachypterum . Females of P. albiclava have setae on both the presumptive metapleuron and metasternum (cf. Fig. 50) whereas females of P. brachypterum have setae only on the presumptive metasternum (Fig. 22). Males of both species have setae ventrally on the presumptive metapleuron whereas the presumptive metasternum is bare (Figs 14, 30), though a transverse carina below the setae is visible in males that distinguishes the much smaller presumptive metapleuron.</p><p>The presence of P. brachypterum and P. metallicum in Florida, as the only two species from the Nearctic region, indicates Psomizopelma is restricted to the tropical and subtropical regions of the New World.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F188787BA583475FF2E3AD1FA9CF9A8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gibson, Gary A. P.	Gibson, Gary A. P. (2018): The species of Psomizopelma Gibson (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Zootaxa 4444 (1): 73-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.1.5
2F188787BA5B3474FF2E3E7FFA09FDDC.text	2F188787BA5B3474FF2E3E7FFA09FDDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psomizopelma Gibson 1995	<div><p>Key to species of Psomizopelma Gibson</p><p>1 Female.............................................................................................. 2</p><p>- Male................................................................................................ 6</p><p>2(1) Macropterous, fore wing normal in shape and extending to near apex of gaster (Figs 44, 45); gaster with all but apical two tergites shiny and smooth or only obscurely coriaceous (Fig. 53)........................ Psomizopelma macropterum n. sp.</p><p>- Brachypterous, fore wing elongate-slender and extending at most only to about mid-length of gaster (Figs 1, 17, 32, 54); gaster dorsally dull and strongly sculptured, reticulate to reticulate-rugose (Figs 8, 24, 39, 62).............................. 3</p><p>3(2) Clava with about apical half pale (Figs 1, 2, 4); fore wing conspicuously elongate-slender, extending at least to about apex of Gt2 (Fig. 8); head, mesosoma and metasoma extensively orangish (Figs 1–8); head with parascrobal region sublinear between torulus and inner orbit (Figs 3, 4)................................................. Psomizopelma albiclava n. sp.</p><p>- Clava entirely dark (Figs 17, 36, 59); fore wing extending only to about base of gaster (Figs 24, 38, 54); head, mesosoma and metasoma mostly dark brown (Figs 17, 32) or dark with metallic lusters (Fig. 54); head with parascrobal region between toru- lus and inner orbit at least about half as wide as intertorular distance (Figs 20, 35, 57)............................... 4 4(3) Gaster with only Gt1 and Gt2 white laterally (Fig. 33); head virtually entirely dark brown with clypeus only inconspicuously paler (Fig. 35); ovipositor sheaths brown (Fig. 33)...................................... Psomizopelma fuscum n. sp.</p><p>- Gaster with Gt1–Gt3 white laterally (Figs 24, 62); head with lower face obviously paler, more yellowish than upper face (Figs 20, 57) and sometimes with distinct metallic luster (Fig. 56); ovipositor sheaths yellowish............................ 5</p><p>5(4) Head and mesosoma dorsally and sometimes gaster dorsally with distinct metallic green to blue or purple lusters (Figs 54–56, 61, 62); acropleuron meshlike coriaceous over at least posterior half (Fig. 58)............. Psomizopelma metallicum n. sp.</p><p>- Head, mesosoma and gaster dorsally dark brown (Figs 17–24); acropleuron entirely reticulate (Figs 21, 22)...................................................................................... Psomizopelma brachypterum Gibson</p><p>6(1) Body essentially uniformly brown (Figs 25, 26) except often for white basal two pro- and/or mesotarsomeres (Fig. 26); flagellum robust-filiform with at least more apical funiculars quadrate (Fig. 28); propodeum bare mesal to spiracles (Fig. 31)............................................................................ Psomizopelma brachypterum Gibson</p><p>- Body with following pale: scape extensively (Figs 11, 12), pronotum at least laterally (Figs 13, 14), variably distinct spot on mesoscutal lateral lobe (Fig. 13), pro- and mesotibiae, and dorsal margin of metatibia (Figs 9, 10); flagellum more gracile-filiform with all funiculars obviously longer than wide (Fig. 12); propodeum on either side of median carina with 2 setae about midway between spiracle and foramen (Fig. 16)..................................... Psomizopelma albiclava n. sp.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F188787BA5B3474FF2E3E7FFA09FDDC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gibson, Gary A. P.	Gibson, Gary A. P. (2018): The species of Psomizopelma Gibson (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Zootaxa 4444 (1): 73-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.1.5
2F188787BA5A3470FF2E3AAFFEB1FD49.text	2F188787BA5A3470FF2E3AAFFEB1FD49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psomizopelma albiclava Gibson 2018	<div><p>Psomizopelma albiclava n. sp.</p><p>Figs 1–16</p><p>Type material. Holotype ♀ (UFES). UFES n° | 146444 / BRASIL, ES, Santa Teresa | Est. Biol. Santa Lúcia | 9- 13.v. 2006, Moricke, Bosque 3 | Tavares, M.T., Azevedo | C.O. &amp; eq. col. / HOLOTYPE ♀ | Psomizopelma | albiclava Gibson. Holotype point-mounted; entire; uncontorted.</p><p>Allotype ♂ (UFES). UFES n° | 73345 / BRASIL, ES, Santa Teresa | Est. Biológica de Santa Lúcia | 06- 09.xi. 2009, Malaise T 2 | Tavares, Azevedo &amp; eq. col. / ALLOTYPE ♀ | Psomizopelma | albiclava Gibson.</p><p>Additional paratypes. Brazil. Espirito Santo, Laranja da Terra, Joatuba-Faz Betzel, 280-430 [m] , 19°50'25"S 40°49'40"W, 5-12.X.2012, M.T. Tavares &amp; eq. col., MT B-10 (1♀ UFES n°133740, deposited in CNC by permission of UFES, CNC Photo 2017-18). Linhares, Floresta Nac. Goytacazes, 19°26'17"S 40°04'27"W, 29.I- 5.II.2013, M.T. Tavares &amp; eq. col., MT 11 (1♀ UFES n°139291, CNC Photo 2017-19), MT 14 (1♀ UFES n° 139490, deposited in CNC by permission of UFES). Vila Valério, Sitio Benincá, 18°58'S 40°27'W, 14-28.IX.2011, C.O. Azevedo &amp; eq. col., MT (1♂ UFES n° 121405, deposited in CNC by permission of UFES, CNC Photo 2017- 24). Rio de Janeiro, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-42.933334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.433332" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -42.933334/lat -22.433332)">Teresópolis</a>, Faz. das Palmeiras, 22°26'S 42°56'W, VIII. 2005 , ALBG Peronti &amp; eq. col., Ann. Moericke-Borda A 3 (1 ♀ UFES n°06948).</p><p>Etymology. Derived from the Latin words albus, “white”, and clava, “club” in reference to the pale antennal clava that uniquely differentiates females from those of other species.</p><p>Description. FEMALE (habitus: Figs 1, 2). Length about 3.2–3.9 mm. Head (Figs 1–4) mostly orangish but at least rim of torulus dark and lower parascrobal region between torulus and inner orbit, scrobes, and mandibles apically variably dark brown (Fig. 3), and sometimes scrobal depression almost entirely brownish. Labiomaxillary complex yellowish (Fig. 4). Antenna with scape (Figs 2–4) dark ventrobasally and ventrally for about two-thirds to three-quarters length, and pale along most of dorsal margin and apically, though with dark setae apically; pedicel brownish-yellow (Figs 3, 4) to similarly dark brown as funicle and base of clava, but about apical half of clava pale (Figs 1, 2, 4). Mesosoma dorsally (Fig. 1) mostly similarly orangish as head, but pronotum laterally and variably extensively dorsally (Figs 1, 2) plus propleuron and prosternum paler, more yellowish, and pronotum anterodorsally and often mesopectus and about anterior half of acropleuron (Fig. 6) darker, brownish. Legs similarly coloured as mesosoma but with compressed dorsal part of metatibia paler than orangish to brownish cylindrical part of tibia (Figs 1, 2). Gaster (Figs 1, 8) mostly similarly orangish as mesosoma except Gt1 mostly paler, more yellowish dorsally, most or all tergites other than syntergum darker brownish dorsoapically, tergites other than syntergum laterally also darker brown except Gt1 and Gt2 white laterally (Fig. 8), and all but apical two sternites white.</p><p>Head (Figs 3, 4) with face almost uniformly punctate-reticulate and completely setose except for Π-shaped bare region composed of scrobes and dorsal part of interantennal prominence; eyes and at least frontovertex with dark hairlike setae, the setae below level of anterior ocellus to scrobal depression similarly long and hairlike as on frontovertex but somewhat paler, and interantennal prominence and parascrobal region to about level of dorsal limit of scrobal depression with shorter, lanceolate, white setae; scrobal depression comparatively deep ventrally and extending about half way to anterior ocellus, delimiting very slender (Fig. 3), carinately margined, sinuate parascrobal region lateral of torulus, with minimum width of parascrobal region between torulus and inner orbit conspicuously less than width of torulus and at most about 0.25× distance between toruli; malar space about 0.25× eye height; OOL: POL: LOL: MPOD = 13: 24: 17: 13; interorbital distance 0.35× head width. Antenna (Figs 1, 2, 4) with scape about 5× as long as greatest width, somewhat compressed basally, widest within basal half, but ventral margin sinuous so narrowed apically; clava slightly shorter than combined length of apical 5 funiculars.</p><p>Brachypterous (Figs 1, 7, 8); fore wing variably strongly curved upwards at about level of base of gaster (Fig. 8), but about 6× as long as maximum width and if flat extending about to level of posterior margin of Gt2 (Fig. 7); orangish-infuscate with dense, mostly orangish hairlike setae on membrane except over about apical third setae somewhat broader, lanceolate, and venation with somewhat longer, dark brown hairlike setae (Fig. 7). Mesonotum (Fig. 5) similarly punctate-reticulate as head, with variably extensive mixture of white and dark hairlike setae, the setae sometimes mostly white except dorsally along angulate part of mesoscutal medial lobe, but dark setae often more extensive, including within concave medial part of mesoscutum, and at least scutellar-axillar complex with dark setae; scutellum (Figs 1, 5) conspicuously elongate-oval, about 2.25–3.0× as long as wide and about 1.3–1.4× maximum width of scutellar-axillar complex. Prepectus bare (Fig. 6: pre). Acropleuron (Fig. 6) similarly isodiametric meshlike reticulate anteriorly and posteriorly or with somewhat smaller reticulations posteriorly, but with much smaller, more punctate reticulations medially just beyond setation. Metapleuron and metasternum entirely setose (Fig. 6, cf. Fig. 50). Front leg (Fig. 2) with femur comparatively slender, only slightly expanded subapically such that ventral margin almost straight and dorsal length about 4× maximum width; tibia similarly slender as femur, length about 6× greatest width. Hind leg (Fig. 2) with coxa (Fig. 8) similarly setose dorsally and ventrally and uniformly but much more sparsely and inconspicuously setose over outer surface; femur with dorsal margin slightly incurved at about midlength, but not conspicuously enlarged apically; tibia conspicuously compressed with dorsal margin uniformly curved; basitarsomere subcylindrical. Propodeum with foramen sinuately incurved to v-like emarginate anteromedial margin.</p><p>Metasoma with petiole obviously transverse, lunate. Gaster (Figs 1, 2, 8) dorsally entirely isodiametric meshlike reticulate (Fig. 8); Gt1 and Gt2 bare dorsally, but subsequent tergites densely setose with posteriorly directed setae, the setae mostly dark dorsally and pale laterally except yellowish to orangish on syntergum.</p><p>MALE (habitus: Figs 9, 10). Length about 2.1–2.7 mm. Head (Figs 9–11) mostly dark brown except interantennal prominence and lower face somewhat paler, and sometimes upper face with slight greenish to bluish lusters (Fig. 11). Labiomaxillary complex yellowish except maxillary palps somewhat darker brownish (Fig. 11). Antenna (Fig. 12) with scape extensively yellow but at least brownish basally and dorsoapically; pedicel and flagellum similarly brown or pedicel apically somewhat paler and clava with at most extreme apex pale (Figs 10– 12). Mesosoma (Figs 13, 14) mostly similarly dark brown as head but sometimes mesonotum with slight bluish to greenish lusters, and following paler, lighter brown to yellowish: pronotum at least laterally (Fig. 14) and sometimes variably extensively dorsally (Fig. 13), propleuron, small spot on mesoscutal lateral lobe within anterior half (Fig. 13), and sometimes prosternum and propodeum. Front leg with coxa brown and femur and tarsus variably extensively brown, but at least tibia and basal tarsomere paler, more yellowish. Middle leg (Fig. 10) mostly brownish-yellow beyond coxa or femur variably extensively ventrally and apical three or four tarsomeres dark brown. Hind leg (Fig. 10) with coxa, femur and at least apical tarsomeres dark brown, tibia variably extensively dark brown ventrally but much paler, more yellowish, at least along dorsal margin (paler region widening basally), and trochanter and at least basal tarsomere pale. Gaster (Figs 9, 10) similarly dark brown as mesosoma or only slightly paler basally.</p><p>Head (Fig. 11) with scrobal depression dorsally tapered seemingly to anterior ocellus because region similarly punctate-reticulate and frons slightly depressed, though setose, below anterior ocellus, with frontovertex otherwise, particularly on either side of anterior ocellus, variably more distinctly meshlike reticulate or at least less coarsely sculptured; eyes and face with brownish to dark brown hairlike setae. Width of parascrobal region between torulus and lower inner orbit about ×0.25 distance between toruli; malar space almost 0.45× eye height; OOL: POL: LOL: MPOD = 13: 23: 14: 12; interorbital distance about 0.5× head width. Antenna (Fig. 12) with length (width) ratio of scape: pedicel: funiculars: clava (right antenna) = 75(16): 22(10): 14(9), 15(10), 17(12), 19(12), 19(12), 18(12), 18(12), 17(12): 52(12); scape relatively slender, tapered apically; flagellum with all funiculars obviously longer than wide.</p><p>Fore wing (Fig. 15) hyaline except posterior margin of basal cell (mediocubital fold) faintly brownish and disc behind marginal and stigmal veins similarly brownish to about level of medial fold, and cubital fold also sometimes slightly brownish in part; relative length of cc: mv: stv: pmv = 3.6: 2.5: 1: 2.0. Front leg with femur and tibia similarly slender and not distinctly compressed as for female. Hind leg with tibia (Fig. 10) comparatively slender and not distinctly compressed, about 8× as long as greatest width. Metapleuron with 3 or 4 setae dorsal to ventral carina distinguishing much smaller metasternum (Fig. 14). Propodeum on either side of median carina with 2 setae about midway between spiracle and foramen (Fig. 16: arrows).</p><p>Distribution. Neotropical: Brazil.</p><p>Remarks. Although polarities of the shared features are uncertain, females of P. albiclava share different features with those of the other three brachypterous species, P. brachypterum, P. fuscum and P. metallicum, and those of the only recognized macropterous species, P. macropterum . Shared with P. macropterum are a mostly much paler, more orangish body (Figs 1, 5), sublinear parascrobal regions in association with a comparatively ventrally deep scrobal depression (Figs 3, 4), dark setae on the eyes and frontovertex (Figs 3, 4), and a slender profemur and protibia (Fig. 2). Shared with the brachypterous species are a strongly sculptured gaster (Fig. 8) and a more similar mesonotal structure, including the lack of a convex mesoscutal lobe and a more elongate-oval scutellum (Fig. 5). However, the shared mesonotal features may well represent convergences correlated with wing reduction.</p><p>The only other species for which males are known is P. brachypterum . Comparison of males with conspecific females of the two species suggests that the unknown males of P. macropterum, like P. albiclava males, will resemble conspecific females in having dark setae on the eyes and face as well as a comparatively slender profemur, protibia and metafemur, and likely the mesosoma and legs partly pale, including a dorsally pale metatibia. The unknown males of P. fuscum and P. metallicum, like males of P. brachypterum, will likely have whitish setae on the eyes, interantennal prominence and parascrobal regions, the profemur conspicuously compressed apically, the protibia and metatibia also quite distinctly compressed, and the body, including the metatibia, virtually entirely brown to dark brown. The larger of the two P. albiclava males has definite though comparatively faint metallic lusters on the head (Fig. 11) and mesonotum (Fig. 13) (see further under P. metallicum).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F188787BA5A3470FF2E3AAFFEB1FD49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gibson, Gary A. P.	Gibson, Gary A. P. (2018): The species of Psomizopelma Gibson (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Zootaxa 4444 (1): 73-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.1.5
2F188787BA5E347DFF2E3B58FCF8FAC7.text	2F188787BA5E347DFF2E3B58FCF8FAC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psomizopelma brachypterum Gibson 1995	<div><p>Psomizopelma brachypterum Gibson</p><p>Figs 17–31</p><p>Psomizopelma brachypterum Gibson, 1995: 258 –259.</p><p>Material examined. USA. Florida. Monroe Co., Fat Deer Key, 4.III-28.IV. 1 985 (allotype ♂ CNC) , 4.V- 4.VIII.1985 (1♀ PT CNC), 4.VI.1986 (1♀ PT CNC, CNC Photo 2017-20), S.&amp;J. Peck, hammock forest, MT &amp; FIT. Big Torch Key, SW1/4, Sec. 12, 4.III-29.IV.1985, S.&amp;J. Peck, hammock forest, MT &amp; FIT (1♂ PT CNC) . N. Key Largo, Sec. 35, [no date] (4♂ PT CNC, CNC Photos 2017-22, 2017-23, 2017-25; 1♂ PT USNM) , 1.VIII- 16.XI.1985 (1♂ PT CNC), S.&amp;J. Peck, hammock forest, MT-FIT. No Name Key, 23.II-3.VI.1986, S.&amp;J. Peck, hammock forest, malaise &amp; FIT (holotype ♀ CNC; 1♀ PT USNM, CNC Photo 2017-21) ; 1.VI.1986, M. Kaulbars (1♀ PT CNC) .</p><p>Description. FEMALE (habitus: Figs 17, 18). Length about 2.6–3.1 mm. Head (Figs 17–20) mostly brown to dark brown but clypeus and lower face lateral of clypeus to about level of inner or outer margin of torulus distinctly paler, more brownish-yellow (Fig. 20). Labiomaxillary complex with palps dark brown (Fig. 20). Antenna (Fig. 17) uniformly dark brown or sometimes scape and sometimes also pedicel and basal funiculars somewhat paler, lighter brown to brownish-yellow, but with whitish setae. Mesosoma (Figs 17, 18, 21) dark brown except for following: pronotal panel with ventral and posterolateral margins whitish (Fig. 21), mesopectus ventrally at least anterior of mesocoxae and acropleuron posteroventrally above mesocoxa (Fig. 21) obviously paler, brownish-yellow, and mesopectus sometimes more extensively pale on either side of discrimen. Legs (Figs 17, 18) similarly dark as mesosoma except meso- and metafemora variably distinctly paler, more similar in color to paler parts of mesopectus and acropleuron. Gaster dark brown except Gt1–Gt3 laterally and all sternites except for hypopygium white (Figs 18, 24), and ovipositor sheaths yellow (Fig. 24) or at least distinctly paler, brownish-yellow apically.</p><p>Head with face (Fig. 19) almost uniformly punctate-reticulate and completely setose except scrobes above toruli and often interantennal prominence mesally; eyes and face with white hairlike or at most very slender, elongate-lanceolate setae except for brownish hairlike setae on clypeus and lower face lateral of clypeus; scrobal depression comparatively shallow and small, delimiting broad parascrobal region (Figs 19, 20), minimum width of parascrobal region between torulus and lower inner orbit at least as wide as torulus and about 0.5× distance between toruli; malar space about 0.33× eye height; OOL: POL: LOL: MPOD = 28: 29: 18: 10; interorbital distance about 0.5× head width. Antenna with scape comparatively slender, about 5× as long as greatest width, with ventral margin almost straight so subequal in width over most of length though slightly narrower basally; clava about at long as combined length of apical 6 funiculars.</p><p>Brachypterous (Figs 17, 23, 24); fore wing about 5× as long as maximum width and extending only to about base of gaster (Figs 17, 23), at most slightly beyond level of petiole; orangish-brown with dense lanceolate setae over both membrane and venation, basally and sometimes subapically the setae darker brown, but at least with more orangish setae in band near middle and apically, and sometimes more uniformly orangish over about apical half to two-thirds. Mesonotum (Fig. 17) similarly punctate-reticulate as head, with dark setae; scutellum (Fig. 23) conspicuously elongate-slender, at least twice as long as wide and 1.3× maximum width of scutellar-axillar complex. Prepectus bare (Fig. 21). Acropleuron (Figs 21, 22) isodiametric reticulate anteriorly and posteriorly, though reticulations smaller posteriorly, and with much smaller punctate-reticulate sculpture just beyond setae. Metapleuron (Fig. 22: pl3) bare dorsal to transverse carina delimiting setose metasternum (Fig. 22: st3). Front leg with femur (cf. Fig. 37) strongly expanded over about apical half such that ventral margin conspicuously sinuate and dorsal length at most about 3× maximum width; tibia also conspicuously compressed such that at most about 4× as long as maximum width at midlength. Hind leg (Fig. 18) with coxa distinctly setose dorsobasally and ventrolongitudinally as well as across outer surface over almost apical half; femur quite obviously expanded apically, the enlarged region delimited basally by distinct notch on dorsal margin; tibia conspicuously compressed and with distinct notch near midlength so dorsal margin convex basally and apically; basitarsomere very slightly, inconspicuously compressed. Propodeum with foramen sinuately incurved to anterior margin.</p><p>Metasoma with petiole obviously transverse, lunate. Gaster dorsally (Figs 17, 24) more or less uniformly meshlike reticulate; Gt1 mostly bare dorsally, but Gt2 and subsequent tergites densely setose with posteriorly directed setae, the setae dark dorsally but paler, more whitish laterally.</p><p>MALE (habitus: Figs 25, 26). Length about 1.8–2.3 mm. Head (Figs 25–27) brown to dark brown with interantennal prominence and lower face at most slightly paler and with at most slight, obscure metallic bluish to purplish lusters. Labiomaxillary complex with palps brown. Antenna (Fig. 28) entirely brown. Mesosoma (Figs 25, 26, 30) entirely, similarly brown to dark brown as head except ventral margin of pronotal panel pale and mesoscutum sometimes with obscure metallic purple to bluish lusters. Legs entirely brown except basal two pro- and/or mesotarsomeres sometimes white (Fig. 26). Gaster similarly brown as mesosoma (Fig. 25).</p><p>Head (Fig. 27) with Π-shaped scrobal depression shallowed toward but not extending to anterior ocellus, the depression often somewhat more coarsely meshlike reticulate than frontovertex; vertex with dark setae and lower face usually with paler brown setae, but eyes, interantennal prominence, parascrobal regions, and frons between scrobal depression and anterior ocellus with whitish setae. Width of parascrobal region between torulus and lower inner orbit almost 0.4× distance between toruli; malar space about 0.4–0.45× eye height; OOL: POL: LOL: MPOD = 17: 20: 11: 10; interorbital region almost 0.6× head width. Antenna (Fig. 28) with length (width) ratio of scape: pedicel: funiculars: clava = 52(14): 22(9): 10(9), 11(10), 14(11), 14(12), 13(12), 11(12), 10(12), 9(12): 41(13); scape moderately compressed, of subequal width throughout; flagellum with most funiculars subquadrate.</p><p>Fore wing (Fig. 29) hyaline except disc behind marginal and stigmal veins brownish to about level of medial fold; relative length of cc: mv: stv: pmv = 6.2: 3.0: 1.0: 3.0. Front leg with femur apically and tibia similarly expanded and compressed as for female. Hind leg with tibia distinctly compressed, at least over apical half, only about 6.75× as long as greatest width. Metapleuron (Fig. 30: pl3) with 2–5 setae dorsal to ventral carina distinguishing much smaller metasternum (Fig. 30: st3). Propodeum bare between spiracle and median carina (Fig. 31).</p><p>Distribution. Nearctic: USA (Florida).</p><p>Remarks. No new specimens of P. brachypterum have been discovered since its original description, but the species is now known to form a species trio along with P. fuscum and P. metallicum . Females of the three species share at least four distinctive features—a mostly dark brown body (e.g. Figs 17, 18), whether or not with evident metallic luster (Figs 54, 61, 62), comparatively broad parascrobal regions in association with a relatively shallow scrobal depression (e.g. Fig. 20), white setae on the face and eyes (e.g. Fig. 19), and a conspicuously compressed profemur (apically) and protibia (e.g. Fig. 37). The discovery of another brachypterous species from Florida, P. metallicum, was unexpected, but females of P. brachypterum and P. metallicum are differentiated by both colour and sculptural features as discussed under the latter species. Currently, P. brachypterum is known only from the Florida Keys, whereas P. metallicum is known only from two eastern counties near the middle of the peninsula. As discussed under P. albiclava, males of P. brachypterum, P. fuscum and P. metallicum likely are all quite similar except P. metallicum males possibly are more distinctly metallic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F188787BA5E347DFF2E3B58FCF8FAC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gibson, Gary A. P.	Gibson, Gary A. P. (2018): The species of Psomizopelma Gibson (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Zootaxa 4444 (1): 73-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.1.5
2F188787BA53347BFF2E3DCAFD1CF8BC.text	2F188787BA53347BFF2E3DCAFD1CF8BC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psomizopelma fuscum Gibson 2018	<div><p>Psomizopelma fuscum n. sp.</p><p>Figs 32–40</p><p>Type material. Holotype ♀ (CNC). DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: | La Vega, around | Manabao, 900m, SS | 21.I.1989, L. Masner | riparian habitat, SS / HOLOTYPE ♀ | Psomizopelma | fuscum Gibson. Holotype pointmounted; entire; uncontorted.</p><p>Etymology. Derived from the Latin word fuscus, “dark”, in reference to the generally dark head and gaster, which differentiates the holotype from females of P. brachypterum .</p><p>Description. FEMALE (habitus: Figs 32, 33). Length about 4.5 mm. Head (Figs 32–35) uniformly dark brown except lower face, particularly clypeus laterally and apically, slightly paler, more yellowish-brown (Fig. 35). Labiomaxillary complex with palps dark brown. Antenna (Fig. 36) with scape graduating from yellowish ventrally to brownish-yellow dorsally, but conspicuously paler than flagellum and with whitish setae; pedicel and flagellum dark brown. Mesosoma (Figs 32, 33) dark brown except mesoscutal lateral flange paler, yellowish-brown, and ventral and posterolateral margins of pronotal panel whitish. Legs (Figs 32, 33) similarly dark brown as mesosoma. Gaster (Figs 32, 33, 39) dark brown except Gt1 posterolaterally and Gt2 laterally white (white transverse band visible basally on Gt 3 in Figs 32, 39 is membrane that is normally concealed, the two tergites being separated as a result of critical point drying), and all sternites white except for hypopygium.</p><p>Head with face (Fig. 34) almost uniformly punctate-reticulate and completely setose except scrobes above toruli and small, subcircular bare region dorsally on interantennal prominence near dorsal limit of bare part of scrobes; eyes and face with white hairlike or at most very slender, elongate-lanceolate setae except for brownish hairlike setae on clypeus and lower face lateral of clypeus; scrobal depression comparatively shallow and small, delimiting broad parascrobal region (Fig. 35), minimum width of parascrobal region between torulus and lower inner orbit at least as wide as width of torulus and 0.6× distance between toruli; malar space about 0.33× eye height; OOL: POL: LOL: MPOD = 33: 35: 24: 15; interorbital distance 0.5× head width. Antenna (Fig. 36) with scape comparatively slender, about 5× as long as greatest width, with ventral margin almost straight so subequal in width over most of length though slightly narrower basally; clava slightly longer than combined length of apical 5 funiculars.</p><p>Brachypterous (Figs 32, 38); fore wing about 4.6× as long as maximum width and extending only to about base of gaster (Fig. 38), at most slightly beyond level of petiole; dark brownish-infuscate, and membrane and venation similarly, densely covered with dark brown, slightly lanceolate setae. Mesonotum similarly punctate-reticulate as head, with dark setae; scutellum conspicuously elongate-oval (Fig. 38), almost 3× as long as wide and about 1.5× maximum width of scutellar-axillar complex. Prepectus sparsely setose (Fig. 37). Acropleuron isodiametric reticulate anteriorly and posteriorly, though reticulations smaller posteriorly, and with much smaller, more elongate-punctate reticulations just beyond setae. Metapleuron bare; metasternum not visible because of position of middle leg, but presumably setose. Front leg (Fig. 37) with femur strongly expanded over about apical half such that ventral margin conspicuously sinuate and dorsal length only about 2.8× maximum width; tibia also conspicuously compressed such that only about 3.6× as long as maximum width at about midlength. Hind leg (Figs 33, 40) with coxa setose at least dorsoapically and narrowly ventrolongitudinally, but apparently with only a few setae dorsobasally (surface mostly concealed by femur); femur slightly expanded over about apical one-third, the more enlarged region delimited basally by slight notch on dorsal margin; tibia conspicuously compressed with dorsal margin more or less uniformly curved, but ventral margin with notch at about midlength; basitarsomere very slightly, inconspicuously compressed. Propodeum with foramen sinuately incurved to anterior margin.</p><p>Metasoma with petiole obviously transverse, lunate. Gaster dorsally (Fig. 39) with Gt1 and Gt2 more or less meshlike reticulate, but subsequent tergites more irregular rugulose-reticulate; Gt1 mostly bare dorsally, but Gt2 and subsequent tergites densely setose with posteriorly directed setae, the setae dark dorsally on Gt2, Gt3 and basal half of Gt4, but paler brownish dorsally on subsequent tergites to whitish laterally.</p><p>MALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Neotropical: Dominican Republic.</p><p>Remarks. The only known female of P. fuscum from Dominican Republic is very similar to females of P. brachypterum from the Florida Keys. It is slightly larger but otherwise is differentiated by one setal and a few colour features. Although the exact number of prepectal setae is uncertain for the P. fuscum holotype (left prepectus with at least four setae, but right prepectus with only one visible seta) (Fig. 37: pre), females of all other species, including P. brachypterum, have a bare prepectus. Colour features that differentiated P. fuscum from P. brachypterum include Gt3 being entirely brown (Fig. 33, note clarification given above in description), the mesopectus and acropleuron being uniformly dark brown (Fig. 33), the fore wing having entirely dark brown setae (Fig. 38), the ovipositor sheaths being entirely brown (Fig. 33), and the scape being obviously paler than the uniformly dark flagellum (Fig. 36). Further, the metacoxae of all examined P. brachypterum females are more extensively and conspicuously setose than for the P. fuscum holotype, with conspicuous setae dorsobasally and across the outer surface apically. Examined P. brachypterum females also have quite a distinct notch on the dorsal margin of the metafemur at about its midlength (Fig. 18) so the dorsal margin is curved both in its basal and apical halves, whereas the P. fuscum holotype has the dorsal margin of the metatibia essentially uniformly curved but has a distinct notch on the ventral surface at about midlength (Fig. 40). More specimens of at least P. fuscum are necessary to accurately determine intraspecific variation and the differential value of all of the features. It is unknown what features might differentiate P. fuscum and P. brachypterum males because the differential features of females likely are not exhibited by males.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F188787BA53347BFF2E3DCAFD1CF8BC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gibson, Gary A. P.	Gibson, Gary A. P. (2018): The species of Psomizopelma Gibson (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Zootaxa 4444 (1): 73-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.1.5
2F188787BA553467FF2E3F4CFA97FEDC.text	2F188787BA553467FF2E3F4CFA97FEDC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psomizopelma macropterum Gibson 2018	<div><p>Psomizopelma macropterum n. sp.</p><p>Figs 41–53</p><p>Type material. Holotype ♀ (CNC). COSTA RICA: Gste. [Guanacaste] Pr. | 9kmS Santa Cecilia | Estacion Pitilla | 700m, 1989 / HOLOTYPE ♀ | Psomizopelma | macropterum | Gibson. Holotype point-mounted; entire; uncontorted.</p><p>Paratypes. Belize. C.A. [ Central America ?] , Toledo Dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-89.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=16.2" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -89.05/lat 16.2)">Blue Creek</a>, 89°3'W 16°12'N, 18.I.1982, A.T. Finnamore, sweep (1♀ CNC) . Bolivia. Santa Cruz, 5 km SSE <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-63.652134&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.49875" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -63.652134/lat -17.49875)">Buena Vista</a>, 17°29.925'S 63°39.128'W, 440 m, 24- 31.XII.2003, S.&amp;J. Peck, forest, FIT (1♀ CNC, CNC Photo 2017-14) . Brazil. Amazonas, Estirar do Equador, Rio Javari, IX.1979, M. Alvarenga (1♀ CNC) . Espirito Santo, Conceição da Barra, FLONA <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.85&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.85/lat -18.35)">Rio Preto</a>, 39°51'W 18°21'S , 16.IV-1.V.2013, M.T. Tavares &amp; eq. col., MT 1 (1♀ UFES n° 139750), MT 4 (1♀ UFES n° 139984). Conceição da Barra, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.816666/lat -18.233334)">Res. Biol</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.816666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.233334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.816666/lat -18.233334)">Córrego Grande</a>, 18°14'S 39°49'W , 17-30.IV.2013, M.T. Tavares &amp; eq. col., MT (1♀ UFES n°142494, CNC Photo 2017-13). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.166668/lat -18.35)">Pinheiros</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.166668/lat -18.35)">Res. Biol</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.166668&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.35" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.166668/lat -18.35)">Córrego do Veado</a>, 18°21'S 40°10'W , 27.XI- 6.XII.2011, M.T. Tavares &amp; eq. col., MT 5 (1♀ UFES n°99023). Mato Grosso, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-55.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.766666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -55.5/lat -12.766666)">Vila Vera</a>, 12°46’S 55°30'W , 500 m, X.1973, M. Alvarenga (1♀ CNC). Colombia. Amazonas, PNN [ Parque Nacional Natural] Amacayacu, Matamata, 150 m, 27.III-3. IV.2 0 0 0, A. Parente, Mal #2 (1♀ CNC) . Costa Rica. Alajuela, 20 km S Upala, 11- 20.IV.1991, F.D. Parker (1♀ EMUS) . Heredia, La Selva Biol. Sta., 50 m, II.1991, J. Noyes (1♀ BMNH, NHMUK 010834345). Puerto Viejo, La Selva , II.1980, W.R. Mason, MT (1♀ CNC), 100 m, 21.I-3.II.1989, J. Noyes (1♀ BMNH, NHMUK 010834344). Limón, 16 km W Guápiles, 400 m, II.1989, P. Hanson (1♀ BMNH, NHMUK 010834347) . Puntarenas, Pen. [insula] Osa, Rancho Quemado, rivera rio Riyito, XI-XII.1990, Quiros &amp; Hanson (1♀ BMNH, NHMUK 010834346) . Ecuador. Napo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-76.39&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -76.39/lat -0.6)">Yasuni Nat. Pk. Biol. Sta.</a>, 0.6°S 76.39°W, 18-26.V.1996, P. Hibbs (1♀ CNC) . Pichincha, Tinalandia, 15 km SE Santo Domingo de los Colorados, 3.VII.1982, M. Wasbauer &amp; J. Slansky, MT, SA-SP (1♀ CSCA). French Guiana. Emerald Jungle Village, junc. Rtes. N2 &amp; D5 , 15-18.IV.1999, G.B. Edwards, secondary forest, flight trap (1♀ FSCA). <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-53.2094&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=3.6228" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -53.2094/lat 3.6228)">Saül</a>, 3°37'22.08"N 53°12'33.84"W , 20.X.2010 (1♀ CNC), 7.III.2011 (1♀ CNC), S.E.A.G. [Société entomologique Antilles-Guyane] via Y. Braet, FIT. Saül, 26.X.2010, S.E.A.G. (1♀ AICF). Saül, Point de vu du Belvédère, 14.III.2011, FIT, S.E.A.G. no. 837 (1♀ AICF). Saül, 06.VI– 11.XII.2012, S.E.A.G. no. 861, 862, 871 (5♀ AICF). Panama. Canal Zone, 16.I.1911, E.A. Schwarz (1♀ USNM) . Panama, 2 km S Cerro Jefe, 20.VI.1993, A. Gillogly, UV light (1♀ TAMU) . Trinidad. Curepe, CIBC lab. grounds, 13.VII-21.VIII.1974, F.D. Bennett (1♀ CNC); Sta. Margarita, Circular Rd., 15-27. IX.1 974, F.D. Bennett (1♀ CNC, CNC Photo 2017-15). Simla Res. Sta. , 2-15.VI.1984, G.E. Bohart (1♀ EMUS). St. George, St. Augustine, 16.VI.1976, wasteground (1♀ BMNH, NHMUK 010834348).</p><p>Etymology. Derived from the Greek words macro, “long” and pteron, “wing”, in reference to the females being fully winged.</p><p>Description. FEMALE (habitus: Figs 44, 45). Length about 3.0–4.0 mm. Head (Figs 44–47) usually mostly yellow to orangish except rim of torulus dark and lower parascrobal region between torulus and inner orbit at least slightly brownish and usually brown (Fig. 47), and sometimes scrobal depression, interantennal prominence and frontovertex also variably dark brown. Labiomaxillary complex yellowish. Antenna (Figs 41–45) with scape extensively yellow but brown basally and ventrally over compressed part to or almost to apical margin, and at least pedicel also similarly yellowish, but flagellum more variable in color pattern, rarely entirely dark except for slightly paler fl1 (Fig. 41), to entirely yellow except for clava (Fig. 42). Mesosoma (Figs 48, 49) mostly similarly coloured as head except pronotum dorsally often somewhat darker brown (Fig. 48) and often one or more of pronotal panel, propleuron, prosternum and prepectus paler to whitish-yellow, whereas mesopectus and acropleuron sometimes slightly darker, more brownish-orange (Fig. 49). Legs (Fig. 45) similarly coloured as mesosoma except middle leg with basal four tarsomeres paler, more whitish to yellow than orangish femur and tibia and orangish to brown apical tarsomere, and hind leg with coxa usually somewhat darker brownish, tibia with convex ventral part more orangish to brown than dorsally compressed paler, more yellowish part, and tarsus with basotarsomere more or less orangish, at least basally, and apical tarsomere variably dark brown but middle three tarsomeres similarly pale as dorsal margin of metatibia. Gaster (Fig. 53) mostly similarly coloured as mesosoma except Gt1–Gt5 variably extensively darker brown dorsally to dorsomedially, particularly along posterior margins (Gt1 usually paler basally and sometimes with paler band subapically), Gt1 except basolaterally and Gt2 laterally white, and all but apical two sternites white.</p><p>Head with face (Fig. 46) almost uniformly punctate-reticulate and completely setose except for scrobes or for Π-shaped bare region composed of scrobes and scrobal depression dorsally; eyes and at least frontovertex with dark hairlike setae, but interantennal prominence and at least ventral half of parascrobal region with shorter, lanceolate, white setae; scrobal depression comparatively deep ventrally and extending indistinctly to about one ocellar diameter from anterior ocellus, delimiting very slender (Figs 46, 47), carinately margined, sinuate parascrobal region lateral of torulus, with minimum width of parascrobal region between torulus and inner orbit conspicuously less than width of torulus and at most about 0.25× distance between toruli; malar space about 0.25× eye height; OOL: POL: LOL: MPOD = 14: 22: 14: 13; interorbital distance about 0.4× head width. Antenna (Figs 41–43) with scape about 3.6–4.3× as long as wide and compressed over most of length, widest basally and only slightly tapered apically; clava slightly longer than combined length of apical 5 funiculars to almost as long as apical 6 funiculars.</p><p>Macropterous (Figs 44, 45); fore wing (Fig. 52) more or less distinctly orangish-infuscate with orangish to brown hairlike setae, but somewhat more hyaline behind parastigma and about basal half of marginal vein and apically beyond level of stigmal vein. Mesonotum (Fig. 48) similarly punctate-reticulate as head, with variably extensive mixture of white and dark hairlike setae, the setae sometimes mostly white except dorsally along angulate part of mesoscutal medial lobe (Fig. 48: arrow), but often dark setae more extensive, including within concave medial part of mesoscutum, but at least scutellar-axillar complex with mostly dark setae; scutellum (Fig. 48) teardrop shaped, length about 1.6× width and subequal to width of scutellar-axillar complex. Prepectus bare (Fig. 49). Acropleuron (Figs 49, 50) similarly isodiametric meshlike reticulate anteriorly and posteriorly, but with much smaller, more punctate reticulations medially just beyond setation. Metapleuron and metasternum setose (Fig. 50). Front leg (Figs 44, 45) with femur comparatively slender, only slightly expanded subapically such that ventral margin almost straight and dorsal length about 4× maximum width; tibia similarly slender as femur, length about 6× greatest length. Hind leg (Fig. 45) with coxa similarly setose at least dorsally and ventrally, with outer surface uniformly though usually less conspicuously setose; femur almost uniformly slender; tibia conspicuously compressed with dorsal margin uniformly curved; basitarsomere subcylindrical. Propodeum with foramen archlike incurved to anteromedial margin (Fig. 51).</p><p>Metasoma with petiole an almost equilateral triangle (Fig. 51). Gaster (Fig. 53) dorsally shiny and at most inconspicuously meshlike coriaceous except syntergum more distinctly reticulate; setose laterally but mostly bare to inconspicuously setose dorsally, Gt1 and Gt2 bare, Gt3 and Gt4 with single row of setae, and apical three tergites increasingly more extensively setose.</p><p>MALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. Neotropical: Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Panama, Trinidad.</p><p>Remarks. Although the flagellum is described as varying from essentially entirely dark to entirely pale except for the clava, the variation is not continuous. All females from Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama have at most fl1–fl3 pale (Figs 41, 43, 44), whereas the females from French Guiana and all but one female from Trinidad have at least the basal six funiculars pale (Fig. 42). The female from the Simla Research Station differs from the other females in having fl1–fl4 pale and the apical four funiculars and clava dark. However, I could find no other differences that indicate more than one species may be represented by macropterous females. Males of P. macropterum likely closely resemble those of P. albiclava, as discussed under the latter species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F188787BA553467FF2E3F4CFA97FEDC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gibson, Gary A. P.	Gibson, Gary A. P. (2018): The species of Psomizopelma Gibson (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Zootaxa 4444 (1): 73-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.1.5
2F188787BA493465FF2E39B7FA08FCAD.text	2F188787BA493465FF2E39B7FA08FCAD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Psomizopelma metallicum Gibson 2018	<div><p>Psomizopelma metallicum n. sp.</p><p>Figs 54–62</p><p>Type material. Holotype ♀ (UCFC). USA, FL, Seminole Co. | Oviedo, Malaise Trap | B. Gouchnour IX-25-2011 / 28°37'18"N 81°10'19"W | Red Maple &amp; Cypress | Bayhead Transition/ UCFC 0 491 0 93 / HOLOTYPE ♀ | Psomizopelma | metallicum Gibson. Holotype point-mounted on top of point by left acropleuron so that in lateral view head faced right (Fig. 55, image reversed so head faced left); entire; uncontorted.</p><p>Paratypes. USA. Florida. Indian River Co., Vero Beach, FMEL, XII.1987, Gupta &amp; Nayer, T-13, DNA Voucher, CNCHYM 0 15339, DNA Barcode Failed (1♀ CNC). Seminole Co., same data as holotype except collected 25.IX.2011 (1♀ UCFC 0491099) , 2.X.2011 (1♀ UCFC 0491156), 23.X.2011 (1♀ UCFC 0518702).</p><p>Etymology. Derived from the Greek word metallon, “mine” or “metal”, in reference to the metallic luster that in part uniquely differentiates females from those of other species.</p><p>Description. FEMALE (habitus: Figs 54, 55). Length about 2.8–3.2 mm. Head (Figs 54–57) mostly with distinct green to bluish-green luster except clypeus and lower face lateral to clypeus brownish-yellow and remainder of lower face and interantennal prominence darker brown (Fig. 57), with gena and occiput variably brownish to similarly metallic as face under different angles of light or sometimes vertex posteriorly, occiput and temples with more reddish-violaceous luster. Labiomaxillary complex with palps dark brown. Antenna (Figs 54, 55, 59) with scape and one or more of basal five funiculars variably distinctly paler at least dorsally, more brownish-yellow than remaining dark brown flagellum, but flagellum always brown ventrally. Mesosoma (Figs 54, 55, 58) with pronotum dorsally and mesonotum distinctly green to blue or purple and often with some reddishviolaceous lusters, but otherwise dark brown except for following: pronotal panel with ventral and posterolateral margins whitish and also paler anterolaterally, usually as a longitudinal brownish-yellow to orangish band not extending to posterior margin, and mesopectus anterior to mesocoxae and acropleuron posterolaterally above mesocoxa somewhat paler, brownish-orange (Fig. 58), than remainder of acropleuron. Legs (Fig. 55) similarly dark as mesosoma except meso- and metafemora basally obviously paler, more yellowish than remaining leg. Gaster (Fig. 62) dark brown with variably distinct blue to reddish-violaceous lusters under different angles of light except Gt1 often variably extensively and distinctly paler apically, Gt1–Gt3 laterally and all sternites except for hypopygium white, and ovipositor sheaths yellowish.</p><p>Head with face (Fig. 56) meshlike reticulate, though comparatively shallowly on frontovertex, and often with some tiny areas more finely, minutely meshlike coriaceous; eyes with white to slightly brownish setae and face with white hairlike setae or at most very slender, elongate-lanceolate setae except for brownish hairlike setae on clypeus and lower face lateral of clypeus; scrobal depression comparatively shallow and small, delimiting broad parascrobal region (Figs 56, 57), minimum width of parascrobal region between torulus and lower inner orbit at least as wide as torulus and about 0.4–0.5× distance between toruli; malar space about 0.33× eye height; OOL: POL: LOL: MPOD = 40: 24: 15: 9; interorbital distance about 0.5× head width. Antenna (Fig. 59) with scape comparatively slender, about 5× as long as greatest width, with ventral margin almost straight so subequal in width over most of length though slightly narrower basally; clava about at long as combined length of apical 6 funiculars.</p><p>Brachypterous (Figs 54, 61); fore wing (Fig. 61) about 5× as long as maximum width and extending only to about base of gaster, at most slightly beyond level of petiole; brownish-infuscate with dense dark brown to orangish-brown lanceolate setae over membrane and venation except membrane somewhat paler in band near middle of setose region. Mesonotum with mesoscutum punctate-reticulate, the reticulations obviously deeper than on frontovertex, and scutellar-axillar complex with at least axillae and scutellum partly meshlike reticulate, though scutellum variably more finely sculptured, more meshlike coriaceous, mesally to some extent (Fig. 61); scutellum conspicuously elongate-slender, about twice as long as wide and about 1.3–1.5× as long as maximum width of scutellar-axillar complex. Prepectus bare (Fig. 58). Acropleuron (Fig. 58) often almost entirely meshlike coriaceous but sometimes shallowly meshlike reticulate anteriorly to about level of base of tegula, with smaller sculpture mesally just beyond setation. Metapleuron bare dorsal to transverse carina delimiting setose metasternum (Figs 55: insert, 58). Front leg (Fig. 55) with femur strongly expanded over about apical half such that ventral margin conspicuously sinuate and dorsal length at most about 3× maximum width; tibia also conspicuously compressed such that at most about 4× as long as maximum width at midlength. Hind leg (Fig. 60) with coxa setose dorsobasally and ventrolongitudinally as well as across outer surface over almost apical half; femur quite obviously expanded apically, the enlarged region delimited basally by distinct notch on dorsal margin; tibia conspicuously compressed and with distinct notch near midlength so dorsal margin convex basally and apically; basitarsomere very slightly, inconspicuously compressed. Propodeum with foramen sinuately incurved to anterior margin.</p><p>Metasoma with petiole obviously transverse, lunate. Gaster dorsally (Figs 54, 62) more or less uniformly meshlike reticulate though Gt5 and Gt6 mostly more finely sculptured, more meshlike coriaceous-imbricate; Gt1 mostly bare dorsally, but Gt2 and subsequent tergites densely setose with posteriorly directed setae, the setae dark dorsally but paler, more whitish laterally.</p><p>MALE. Unknown.</p><p>Distribution. USA (Florida).</p><p>Remarks. Psomizopelma metallicum forms a trio of species along with P. fuscum and P. brachypterum, as discussed under the latter species. Although P. metallicum and P. brachypterum are both recorded from Florida, they appear to have allopatric distributions. At least females also differ by colour and sculptural details. As the name implies, at least females of P. metallicum have the head (Figs 54–56), mesosoma dorsally (Figs 54, 61) and usually the gaster dorsally (Fig. 62) distinctly green to blue or purplish rather than dark brown. Also, at least the posterior half of the acropleuron is finely meshlike coriaceous (Fig. 58) rather than reticulate (Figs 21, 22), the scutellum is more finely sculptured in part (Fig. 61) rather than uniformly punctate-reticulate (Fig. 23), and Gt5 and Gt6 are somewhat more finely sculptured for P. metallicum (Fig. 62) than for P. brachypterum (Fig. 24) females. However, the latter two differential features are less distinctive than the difference in acropleural sculpture. The frontovertex is also more shallowly meshlike reticulate than for P. brachypterum or P. fuscum females, or even coriaceous in tiny, inconspicuous areas. Males of P. metallicum possibly differ from those of P. brachypterum by also having distinct metallic luster on the head and mesosoma, and a somewhat different scutellar sculpture pattern.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F188787BA493465FF2E39B7FA08FCAD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Gibson, Gary A. P.	Gibson, Gary A. P. (2018): The species of Psomizopelma Gibson (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). Zootaxa 4444 (1): 73-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4444.1.5
