identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
2D4787EDFFD41E1151CA4B8CBDCA3900.text	2D4787EDFFD41E1151CA4B8CBDCA3900.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudunio Haas 1910	<div><p>Genus Pseudunio Haas, 1910</p><p>Type species: Unio sinuata Lamarck, 1819 [= Unio auricularius Spengler, 1793]</p><p>Pseudunio flabellatiformis (Grigorowitch-Beresowski, 1915) comb. rev.</p><p>Unio flabellatiformis Grigorowitch-Beresowski (1915) .</p><p>Unio flabellatiformis var. levata Bogatchev (1961): 229, plate XXIX, figs. 3-4.</p><p>Margaritifera (Pseudunio) moldavica Chepalyga (1964): 38, plate IV, fig. 1.</p><p>Margaritifera (Pseudunio) robusta Chepalyga (1964): 40 .</p><p>Margaritifera (Pseudunio) robusta robusta Chepalyga (1964): 42, plate III, fig. 1.</p><p>Margaritifera (Pseudunio) robusta speensis Chepalyga (1964): 42, fig. 1б.</p><p>Margaritifera (Pseudunio) robusta tirassica Chepalyga (1964): 43, plate IV, fig. 2.</p><p>Figs. 4, 8C, 9</p><p>Types. Whereabouts unknown.</p><p>Type strata and locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.1656&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.6067" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.1656/lat 45.6067)">Upper Pliocene</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.1656&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=45.6067" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.1656/lat 45.6067)">Prut River valley</a> near Slobozia Mare village, Danube Basin, Moldova [45.6067° N, 28.1656° E] .</p><p>Differential diagnosis. This species is conchologically similar to P. auricularius and P. homsensis (Figs. 4- 8). Moreover, clear conchological features to distinguish the recent Pseudunio taxa from each other are lacking (Araujo et al., 2009; Lopes-Lima et al., 2018). P. flabellatiformis and the recent Pseudunio species clearly differs from P. flabellatus by the lack of strong corrugate plication of the shell, although a weakly developed plication can be found in some specimens (Chepalyga, 1967; Bolotov et al. 2016; Vikhrev et al. 2017; Lopes-Lima et al., 2018).</p><p>Phylogenetic position. Extinct lineage related to P. auricularius and P. homsensis . We assume that this extinct species was originated in a distinct isolate (Danube and Dniester paleo-basins) simultaneously with the two terminal species ( P. auricularius in Southern Europe and P. homsensis in Orontes Basin) since the Middle Miocene.</p><p>Stratigraphic and geographic range. Late Miocene – Late Pleistocene, Danube and Dniester paleo-basins, Black Sea drainage, Eastern Europe.</p><p>Paleoenvironment. Available data (Chepalyga, 1964, 1965, 1967; this study) indicates that P. flabellatiformis inhabited the main channels of large rivers with sandy-gravel and sandy-pebble bottom substrate (Fig. 2). It often co-occurred with Unio crassus Retzius, 1788 (or its stem lineages).</p><p>Pseudunio flabellatus (Goldfuss, 1837) comb. rev. Unio flabellatus Goldfuss (1837): 182 .</p><p>Types. Lectotype and paralectotype STIPB-Goldfuss-822, Steinmann Institute for Mineralogy, Geology and Palaeontology (formerly Goldfuss Museum), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Schneider and Prieto, 2011) .</p><p>Type strata and locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=8.616&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=47.2546" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 8.616/lat 47.2546)">Upper Freshwater Molasse</a> (Middle Miocene), Käpfnach, southern shore of Lake Zürich, Switzerland [approx. 47.2546° N, 8.6160° E] (Schneider and Prieto, 2011) .</p><p>Differential diagnosis. This species differs from the other Pseudunio taxa by a strong corrugate plication of the shell. Furthermore, it seems to be the most ancient lineage among European Pseudunio (Schneider and Prieto, 2011) .</p><p>Phylogenetic position. This species appears to be a stem lineage and the MRCA of a clade that contains the terminal species P. auricularius and P. homsensis, and the extinct species P. flabellatiformis .</p><p>Stratigraphic and geographic range. Miocene, Danube Paleo-Basin, Black Sea drainage, Western and Eastern Europe.</p><p>Paleoenvironment. This species is known from a variety of riverine and lacustrine paleo-environments (Nesemann, 1993; Scholz et al., 2007; Schneider and Prieto, 2011).</p><p>Taxonomic comments. Schneider and Prieto (2011) provided a full redescription of this taxon with a nearly complete list of synonyms.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2D4787EDFFD41E1151CA4B8CBDCA3900	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Lyubas, Artem A.;Obada, Teodor F.;Gofarov, Mikhail Y.;Kriauciunas, Vidas V.;Vikhrev, Ilya V.;Nicoara, Igor N.;Bolotov, Ivan N.	Lyubas, Artem A., Obada, Teodor F., Gofarov, Mikhail Y., Kriauciunas, Vidas V., Vikhrev, Ilya V., Nicoara, Igor N., Bolotov, Ivan N. (2019): A taxonomic revision of fossil freshwater pearl mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida: Margaritiferidae) from Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits of Southeastern Europe. Ecologica Montenegrina 21: 1-16, DOI: 10.37828/em.2019.21.1, URL: https://www.biotaxa.org/em/article/view/em.2019.21.1
