identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
E4F09F24B2135BA9942025793699F768.text	E4F09F24B2135BA9942025793699F768.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Biwia Jordan & Fowler 1903	<div><p>Biwia Jordan &amp; Fowler, 1903</p><p>Fig. 6</p><p>Biwia Jordan &amp; Fowler, 1903: 838. Type species: Pseudogobio zezera Ishikawa, 1895 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The genus Biwia can be distinguished from the other genera within the Pseudogobionini by having no barbel.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body elongated, rather rounded, laterally compressed, and somewhat broad forward. Mouth arc-shaped and inferior; no barbel; lips thin, smooth, no papillae; lower lip possessing two rounded fleshy protrusion, smooth, without papillae, forming the medial pad; lower lip connected with each other anterior from medial pad and laterally connected with upper lip around mouth corners (Fig. 3 A). Body covered with moderately large cycloid scales. Thoracic region scaleless. Anus positioned in anterior one-third of pelvic-fin insertion and anal-fin base. Lateral line complete, almost straight. Lateral-line scales usually 34–38; scales above lateral line 4.5; scales below lateral line usually 3; predorsal scales 10–11; circumpeduncular scales 12. Dorsal fin with three or four unbranched and six or seven branched rays, pectoral fin with one unbranched and nine or ten branched rays, pelvic fin usually with one unbranched and seven or eight branched rays, anal fin with three unbranched and six branched rays; caudal fin forked, with one simple ray and eight or nine branched rays on upper lobe, and seven or eight branched rays and one simple ray on lower lobe, lobes pointed. Pharyngeal teeth “ 5–5 ” in one row. Air bladder slightly enlarged, possessing two chambers; anterior chamber flat rounded, enclosed in a thick fibrous capsule; posterior chamber enlarged, length larger than anterior chamber length, spherical-shaped. Intestine short, simple.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This genus distributed in northern Kyushu, Sanyo, the Yodo River Basin (including Lake Biwa), and the Nagoya Basin (Nobi Plain). This genus is endemic to Japan (Fig. 5 B).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The generic name refers to Lake Biwa, where the type species Biwia zezera occurs. The generic name in Chinese is “ 琵琶湖鮈 ” 属, and the Chinese Pinyin name is “ Pí Pa Hú Jū ” Shǔ.</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Biwia zezera (Ishikawa, 1895) (type species).</p><p>Biwia yodoensis Kawase &amp; Hosoya, 2010 .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This genus is restricted to only two valid species, Biwia zezera and B. yodoensis . Biwia tama Oshima, 1957, was described based on a single specimen collected from downstream of the Tama River in Denyenchofu, Japan. According to the original description (Oshima 1957, Fig. 2), the holotype actually represents a Sarcocheilichthys species. Biwia springeri (Bănărescu &amp; Nalbant, 1973), originally described as Abbottina springeri from Pusan, South Korea, does not have the characters of Biwia . Having one pair of barbels, an arc-shaped mouth, a wide horny-sheathed upper jaw, and a three-lobed lower lip, this species should be placed in Microphysogobio .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E4F09F24B2135BA9942025793699F768	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sun, Zhi-Xian;Tang, Wen-Qiao;Zhao, Ya-Hui	Sun, Zhi-Xian, Tang, Wen-Qiao, Zhao, Ya-Hui (2025): Generic revision on the Biwia – Microphysogobio complex (Cypriniformes, Gobionidae) with descriptions of three new genera. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2013-2037, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.160106
61412E2A90F55ACDBF771F5A23FBE182.text	61412E2A90F55ACDBF771F5A23FBE182.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Crossocheilogobio Sun & Tang & Zhao 2025	<div><p>Crossocheilogobio gen. nov.</p><p>Fig. 12</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pseudogobio tafangensis Wang, 1935 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The new genus can be distinguished from all other genera within the Pseudogobionini by the combination of the following characters: (1) mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior, forming a sucking-disc structure; (2) central portion of the anterior papillae two, semi-covered by rostral cap; (3) lateral portion of the anterior papillae on upper lip fringed, in several rows; (4) lower lip in three burred lobes, without anterior fold; (5) lateral lobes on lower lip not in contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad; (6) medial lobe possessing two elongated thin protrusions; (7) upper jaw extremely narrow, the horny margin width approximately quarter of mouth width; (8) jaws covered by the thick lips; (9) barbel in one pair; (10) midventral region of body usually scaleless before pectoral-fin base end; (11) pharyngeal teeth in one row; (12) anterior chamber of the air bladder enclosed in fibrous capsule; (13) posterior chamber relatively small, length smaller than half eye diameter, thin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body elongated, abdomen rounded; caudal peduncle short, compressed laterally. Mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior, forming a sucking-disc structure; barbel one pair; lips very thick, with well-developed papillae; central portion of the anterior papillae two, semi-covered by rostral cap, lateral portion of the anterior papillae on upper lip fringed, in several rows; lower lip in three burred lobes, without anterior fold; two lateral lobes on lower lip not in contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad, laterally connected with upper lip anterior papillae around mouth corners; medial lobe possessing two elongated thin protrusions. Jaws with horny sheathed edge; upper jaw extremely narrow, horny margin width approximately quarter of mouth width; jaws covered by the thick lips (Fig. 3 G). Body covered with moderately large cycloid scales. Thoracic region scaleless, mid-ventral region covered with scales. Anus positioned in anterior one-third of pelvic-fin insertion and anal-fin base. Lateral line complete, almost straight. Lateral-line scales usually 35–38; scales above lateral line 3.5–4; scales below lateral line usually 2–3; predorsal scales 8–10; circumpeduncular scales 12. Distal margin of expanded dorsal fin convex, especially significant in adult male, with three unbranched and seven branched rays, pectoral fin with one unbranched and 10–13 branched rays, pelvic fin usually with one unbranched and seven branched rays, anal fin with three unbranched and five branched rays; caudal fin forked, with one simple ray and nine branched rays on upper lobe and eight branched rays and one simple ray on lower lobe, lobes blunt. Pharyngeal teeth “ 5–5 ” in one row. Air bladder relatively small, possessing two chambers; anterior chamber rounded, enclosed in a thick fibrous capsule; posterior chamber small, length shorter than anterior chamber length, less than half eye diameter, thin. Intestine very long.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This genus has a relatively narrow distribution. It is currently known to be distributed in the Qiantangjiang River and Cao’ejiang River basins. This genus is endemic to China (Fig. 5 F).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The prefix “ crosso- ” was derived from the Greek word “ krossoi ”, meaning tassel; “ cheilo- ” from the Greek word “ cheilos ”, meaning lip. The generic name refers to the fringed papillae on the upper lips of the species in this genus. The suggested Chinese name for this genus is “ 穗唇鮈 ” 属, and the Chinese Pinyin name is “ Suì Chún Jū ” Shǔ.</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Crossocheilogobio tafangensis (Wang, 1935), comb. nov. (type species).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The new genus Crossocheilogobio can be distinguished from the genus Biwia by having barbels (vs. no barbels), reduced air bladder (vs. enlarged) and well-developed lip papillae (vs. thin and simple). It can be distinguished from the genera Microphysogobio and Huigobio by having an extremely narrow upper jaw horny margin, usually quarter mouth width (vs. wide, larger than half mouth width). This new genus is more similar to Platysmacheilus in general because their lobes on lower lips are not well separated or even fused. However, the genus Crossocheilogobio can be distinguished from Platysmacheilus by having central portion of anterior papillae on upper lip in one row (vs. several rows) and a double-lobed medial pad (vs. no obvious medial pad).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/61412E2A90F55ACDBF771F5A23FBE182	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sun, Zhi-Xian;Tang, Wen-Qiao;Zhao, Ya-Hui	Sun, Zhi-Xian, Tang, Wen-Qiao, Zhao, Ya-Hui (2025): Generic revision on the Biwia – Microphysogobio complex (Cypriniformes, Gobionidae) with descriptions of three new genera. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2013-2037, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.160106
38B58A57926D5CCA81184DD24968169E.text	38B58A57926D5CCA81184DD24968169E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Huigobio Fang 1938	<div><p>Huigobio Fang, 1938</p><p>Fig. 8</p><p>Huigobio Fang, 1938: 239. Type species: Huigobio chenhsienensis Fang, 1938 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This genus can be distinguished from the other genera within the Pseudogobionini by the combination of the characters: (1) mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior, forming a sucking-disc structure; (2) central portion of the anterior papillae usually larger than lateral portion of anterior papillae on upper lip, more than one row; (3) lower lip usually forming two lateral lobes and a medial pad, without anterior fold; (4) lateral lobes on lower lip contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad; (5) medial pad on lower lip small, heart-shaped, sometimes segmented and fused with lateral lobes; (6) upper jaw wide, the horny margin width larger than half mouth width; (7) lower jaw exposed; (8) barbel in one pair, short; (9) midventral region of body scaleless or sometimes covered with scales; (10) pharyngeal teeth in one row; (11) anterior chamber of the air bladder enclosed in thick fibrous capsule; (12) posterior chamber relatively small, length smaller than half eye diameter, smaller than anterior chamber length, thin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body elongated, abdomen rounded; caudal peduncle short, compressed laterally. Mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior; barbel one pair; lips thick, with developed papillae; central portion of the anterior papillae usually larger than lateral portion of anterior papillae on upper lip, at least two rows, papillae on second row small, hidden under papillae on first row, lateral portion of anterior papillae in several rows; lower lip usually forming two lateral lobes and one medial pad, without anterior fold; two lateral lobes on lower lip contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad and laterally connected with upper lip anterior papillae around mouth corners; medial pad on lower lip small, heart-shaped, sometimes segmented and fused with lateral lobes. Upper and lower jaws with horny sheathed edge; upper jaw wide, horny margin width larger than half mouth width; lower jaw exposed (Fig. 3 C). Body covered with moderately large cycloid scales. Thoracic region scaleless, mid-ventral region covered with scales or scaleless. Anus positioned in anterior one-third of pelvic-fin insertion and anal-fin base. Lateral line complete, almost straight. Lateral-line scales usually 37–40; scales above lateral line 3.5–4.5; scales below lateral line usually 2–2.5; predorsal scales 9–11; circumpeduncular scales 12. Distal margin of expanded dorsal fin slow sloped, straight, with three unbranched and seven branched rays, pectoral fin with one unbranched and 10–12 branched rays, pelvic fin usually with one unbranched and six or seven branched rays, anal fin with three unbranched and five branched rays; caudal fin emarginated, with one simple ray and nine branched rays on upper lobe and eight branched rays and one simple ray on lower lobe, lobes pointed. Pharyngeal teeth “ 5–5 ” in one row. Air bladder small, possessing two chambers; anterior chamber flat rounded, enclosed in a thick fibrous capsule; posterior chamber small, length shorter than anterior chamber length, less than half eye diameter, thin. Intestine very long, coiling.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This genus exhibits a distribution confined to southern China, including the middle and lower Yangtze River Basin, northern tributaries of the Pearl River Basin, the Qiantangjiang River, Cao’ejiang River, Lingjiang River, and Oujiang River basins. This genus is endemic to China (Fig. 5 D).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The generic name honors Dr. Hsen-Hsu Hu (胡先骕), the director of the Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, in recognition of his leadership in the development of biological science in China (Fang, 1938). The generic name in Chinese is “ 胡鮈 ” 属, and the Chinese Pinyin name is “ Hú Jū ” Shǔ.</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Huigobio chenhsienensis Fang, 1938 (type species).</p><p>Huigobio exilicauda Jiang &amp; Zhang, 2013 .</p><p>Huigobio heterocheilus Sun, Li, Tang &amp; Zhao, 2022 .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/38B58A57926D5CCA81184DD24968169E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sun, Zhi-Xian;Tang, Wen-Qiao;Zhao, Ya-Hui	Sun, Zhi-Xian, Tang, Wen-Qiao, Zhao, Ya-Hui (2025): Generic revision on the Biwia – Microphysogobio complex (Cypriniformes, Gobionidae) with descriptions of three new genera. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2013-2037, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.160106
9601FD1185D255AA9A82E73EBA0A88BB.text	9601FD1185D255AA9A82E73EBA0A88BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mesophysogobio Sun & Tang & Zhao 2025	<div><p>Mesophysogobio gen. nov.</p><p>Fig. 9</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pseudogobio kachekensis Oshima, 1926 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The new genus can be distinguished from all other genera within the Pseudogobionini by the combination of the following characters: (1) mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior; (2) central portion of the anterior papillae small and usually equal-sized, in tight contact with each other, in one row; (3) lower lip forming two lateral lobes and a medial pad, without anterior fold; (4) lateral lobes on lower lip not in contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad; (5) medial pad bisected, heart-shaped, with small papillae or shallow groove; (6) upper jaw narrow, the horny margin width less than half mouth width; (7) lower jaw not exposed, covered by medial pad; (8) barbel in one pair; (9) midventral region of body scaleless only before pectoral-fin base end; (10) pharyngeal teeth in one row; (11) anterior chamber of the air bladder enclosed in fibrous capsule; (12) posterior chamber relatively small, length larger than half or one eye diameter, equal to or slightly larger than anterior chamber length, oval-shaped.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body elongated, abdomen rounded; caudal peduncle short, compressed laterally. Mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior; barbel one pair; lips thick, with developed papillae; central portion of the anterior papillae small and usually equal-sized, in tight contact with each other, in one row, lateral portion of anterior papillae in several rows; lower lip forming two lateral lobes and one medial pad, without anterior fold; two lateral lobes on lower lip not in contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad, laterally connected with upper lip anterior papillae around mouth corners; medial pad bisected, heart-shaped, with small papillae or shallow groove. Jaws with horny sheathed edge; upper jaw narrow, horny margin width less than half mouth width; lower jaw not exposed, covered by medial pad (Fig. 3 E). Body covered with moderately large cycloid scales. Thoracic region scaleless, mid-ventral region covered with scales. Anus positioned in anterior one-third of pelvic-fin insertion and anal-fin base. Lateral line complete, almost straight. Lateral-line scales usually 36–40; scales above lateral line 3.5–4.5; scales below lateral line usually 1.5–2; predorsal scales 8–11; circumpeduncular scales 12. Distal margin of expanded dorsal fin steep sloped, usually slightly concave, with three unbranched and seven branched rays, pectoral fin with one unbranched and 11–13 branched rays, pelvic fin usually with one unbranched and six or seven branched rays, anal fin with three unbranched and five or six branched rays; caudal fin forked, with one simple ray and nine branched rays on upper lobe and eight branched rays and one simple ray on lower lobe, lobes pointed. Pharyngeal teeth “ 5–5 ” in one row. Air bladder relatively small, possessing two chambers; anterior chamber rounded, enclosed in a thick fibrous capsule; posterior chamber relatively small, length larger than half or one eye diameter, equal to or slightly larger than anterior chamber length, oval-shaped. Intestine relatively long.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This genus is distributed in southern China, including the southern tributaries of the middle and lower Yangtze River, the Qiantangjiang River, the Pearl River, and the Yuanjiang River (Red River) basins, and also the coastal rivers along the southern coastline of mainland China and Hainan Island from the Rongjiang River to the Beilunhe River. It also occurs in the Red River Basin and upper reaches of the Xijiang River (the longest tributary of the Pearl River) in northern Vietnam and the upper reaches of the Ma River in Laos (Nam Mat and Nam Ma basins, Kottelat, 2001) (Fig. 5 H).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The prefix “meso-” was derived from the Greek word “ mesos ”, meaning middle, being intermediate; “ physo- ”, from the Greek word “ physa ”, referring to the air bladder. The generic name refers to the medium-sized posterior chamber of the air bladder, which is shared by species within this genus when compared with the genus Microphysogobio . The suggested Chinese name for this genus is “ 中鳔鮈 ” 属, and the Chinese Pinyin name is “ Zhōng Biào Jū ” Shǔ.</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Mesophysogobio kachekensis (Oshima, 1926), comb. nov. (type species).</p><p>Mesophysogobio bicolor (Nichols, 1930), comb. nov.</p><p>Mesophysogobio yunnanensis (Yao &amp; Yang, 1977), comb. nov.</p><p>Mesophysogobio luhensis (Huang, Chen, Zhao &amp; Shao, 2018), comb. nov.</p><p>Mesophysogobio punctatus (Sun, Tang &amp; Zhao, 2024), comb. nov.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Within the Biwia – Microphysogobio complex, the new genus Mesophysogobio can be distinguished from the genus Biwia by having barbels (vs. no barbels) and well-developed lip papillae (vs. thin and simple). It can be distinguished from the genera Microphysogobio and Huigobio by having a narrow upper jaw horny margin, less than half of the mouth width (vs. wide, larger than half of the mouth width), and a larger posterior chamber of the air bladder, with length usually equal to or slightly longer than the anterior chamber length (vs. tiny, shorter than the anterior chamber length). It can be distinguished from the genus Platysmacheilus by having a well-trilobed lower lip (vs. not lobed). It is also different from the new genus Crossocheilogobio by having a heart-shaped medial pad on the lower lip (vs. an elongated and narrow medial pad). It is morphologically most similar to the new genus Oriengobio in sharing a narrow horny margin on the upper jaw and a one-row central portion of the anterior papillae. However, it can still be distinguished from Oriengobio by having a larger posterior chamber, longer than the anterior chamber length (vs. tiny, shorter than the anterior chamber length), an equal-sized and tightly contacting central portion of the anterior papillae (vs. an enlarged and sometimes loosely arranged), and papillae or a groove-covered medial pad on the lower lip (vs. a smooth medial pad).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9601FD1185D255AA9A82E73EBA0A88BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sun, Zhi-Xian;Tang, Wen-Qiao;Zhao, Ya-Hui	Sun, Zhi-Xian, Tang, Wen-Qiao, Zhao, Ya-Hui (2025): Generic revision on the Biwia – Microphysogobio complex (Cypriniformes, Gobionidae) with descriptions of three new genera. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2013-2037, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.160106
1E235459835A51C788C516A008214F4E.text	1E235459835A51C788C516A008214F4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Microphysogobio Mori 1934	<div><p>Microphysogobio Mori, 1934</p><p>Fig. 7</p><p>Microphysogobio Mori, 1934: 39. Type species: Microphysogobio hsinglungshanensis Mori, 1934 .</p><p>Rostrogobio Taranetz, 1937: 114. Type species: Rostrogobio amurensis Taranetz, 1937 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This genus can be distinguished from the other genera within the Pseudogobionini by the combination of the characters: (1) mouth arc-shaped and inferior; (2) central portion of the anterior papillae usually larger than lateral portion of anterior papillae on upper lip, in one row; (3) lower lip forming two lateral lobes and a medial pad, without anterior fold; (4) lateral lobes on lower lip not in contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad; (5) medial pad on lower lip heart-shaped or inverted trapezoid-shaped, sometimes bisected or grooved; (6) upper jaw wide, the horny margin width larger than half mouth width; (7) lower jaw exposed; (8) barbel in one pair; (9) midventral region of body scaleless or sometime covered with scales; (10) pharyngeal teeth in one row; (11) anterior chamber of the air bladder enclosed in thick fibrous capsule; (12) posterior chamber relatively small, length smaller than half eye diameter, smaller than anterior chamber length, thin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body elongated, abdomen rounded; caudal peduncle short, compressed laterally. Mouth arc-shaped and inferior; barbel one pair; lips thick, with developed papillae; central portion of the anterior papillae usually larger than lateral portion of anterior papillae on upper lip, in one row, lateral portion of anterior papillae in several rows; lower lip forming two lateral lobes and one medial pad, without anterior fold; two lateral lobes on lower lip not in contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad, laterally connected with upper lip anterior papillae around mouth corners; medial pad on lower lip heart-shaped or inverted-trapezoidshaped, sometimes bisected or grooved. Upper and lower jaws with horny sheathed edge; upper jaw wide, horny margin width larger than half mouth width; lower jaw exposed (Fig. 3 B). Body covered with moderately large cycloid scales. Thoracic region scaleless, mid-ventral region scaleless or covered with scales. Anus positioned in anterior one-third of pelvic-fin insertion and anal-fin base. Lateral line complete, almost straight. Lateral-line scales usually 35–40; scales above lateral line 3.5–5; scales below lateral line usually 1.5–2; predorsal scales 9–13; circumpeduncular scales 12. Distal margin of expanded dorsal fin steep sloped, usually slightly concave, with three unbranched and seven branched rays, pectoral fin with one unbranched and 10–12 branched rays, pelvic fin usually with one unbranched and six or seven branched rays, anal fin with three unbranched and six branched rays; caudal fin forked, with one simple ray and nine branched rays on upper lobe and eight branched rays and one simple ray on lower lobe, lobes pointed. Pharyngeal teeth “ 5–5 ” in one row. Air bladder small, possessing two chambers; anterior chamber flat rounded, enclosed in a thick fibrous capsule; posterior chamber small, length shorter than anterior chamber length, less than half eye diameter, thin. Intestine long, complicated, usually coiling.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This genus exhibits a relatively extensive distribution. The northernmost boundary is the Heilongjiang River (Amur River) between northeastern China and Far East Russia. The southernmost boundary is the coastal rivers in Fujian Province and northern coastal rivers in Taiwan Province, China. The westernmost boundary is upper reaches of the Yangtze River in Sichuan Province, China, while the easternmost distribution is the west and south coastal rivers of the Korean Peninsula (Fig. 5 C).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>“ Micro- ” comes from the Greek word “ mikrós ”, meaning small; “ physo- ” comes from the Greek word “ phýsa ”, meaning bladder. The generic name refers to the reduced swim bladder of the species in this genus. The generic name in Chinese is “ 小鳔鮈 ” 属, and the Chinese Pinyin name is “ Xiǎo Biào Jū ” Shǔ.</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Microphysogobio brevirostris (Günther, 1868) .</p><p>Microphysogobio chinssuensis (Nichols, 1926) .</p><p>Microphysogobio yaluensis (Mori, 1928) .</p><p>Microphysogobio hsinglungshanensis Mori, 1934 (type species).</p><p>Microphysogobio koreensis Mori, 1935 .</p><p>Microphysogobio longidorsalis Mori, 1935 .</p><p>Microphysogobio amurensis (Taranetz, 1937) .</p><p>Microphysogobio alticorpus Bănărescu &amp; Nalbant, 1968 .</p><p>Microphysogobio anudarini Holcík &amp; Pivnicka, 1969 .</p><p>Microphysogobio springeri (Bănărescu &amp; Nalbant, 1973), comb. nov.</p><p>Microphysogobio nudiventris (Lo, Yao &amp; Chen, 1977) .</p><p>Microphysogobio linghensis Xie, 1986 .</p><p>Microphysogobio liaohensis (Qin, 1987) .</p><p>Microphysogobio rapidus Chae &amp; Yang, 1999 .</p><p>Microphysogobio jeoni Kim &amp; Yang, 1999 .</p><p>Microphysogobio wulonghensis Xing, Zhao, Tang &amp; Zhang, 2011 .</p><p>Microphysogobio “ nudiventris ” Jiang, Gao &amp; Zhang, 2012.</p><p>Microphysogobio xianyouensis Huang, Chen &amp; Shao, 2016 .</p><p>Microphysogobio oujiangensis Sun &amp; Zhao, 2022 .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This study classifies Platysmacheilus nudiventris as a Microphysogobio species. However, another Microphysogobio species described by Jiang et al. (2012) also used the same specific name. Since P. nudiventris preoccupied this species name in 1977, the species described by Jiang et al. (2012) requires renaming in the future taxonomic study.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1E235459835A51C788C516A008214F4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sun, Zhi-Xian;Tang, Wen-Qiao;Zhao, Ya-Hui	Sun, Zhi-Xian, Tang, Wen-Qiao, Zhao, Ya-Hui (2025): Generic revision on the Biwia – Microphysogobio complex (Cypriniformes, Gobionidae) with descriptions of three new genera. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2013-2037, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.160106
C5CE45A8E8EF504B98F6A25DE867FFF2.text	C5CE45A8E8EF504B98F6A25DE867FFF2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oriengobio Sun & Tang & Zhao 2025	<div><p>Oriengobio gen. nov.</p><p>Fig. 11</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Pseudogobio fukiensis Nichols, 1926 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The new genus can be distinguished from all other genera within the Pseudogobionini by the combination of the following characters: (1) mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior; (2) central portion of the anterior papillae usually larger than the lateral portion of the anterior papillae on upper lip, in one row; (3) lower lip forming two lateral lobes and a medial pad, without anterior fold; (4) lateral lobes on lower lip not in contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad; (5) medial pad bisected, heart-shaped, smooth; (6) upper jaw narrow, the horny margin width less than half mouth width; (7) lower jaw exposed from medial pad; (8) barbel in one pair; (9) midventral region of body usually scaleless before pectoral-fin base end; (10) pharyngeal teeth in one row; (11) anterior chamber of the air bladder enclosed in fibrous capsule; (12) posterior chamber relatively small, length smaller than half eye diameter, thin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body elongated, abdomen rounded; caudal peduncle short, compressed laterally. Mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior; barbel one pair; lips thick, with developed papillae; central portion of the anterior papillae usually larger than lateral portion of anterior papillae on upper lip, in one row, lateral portion of anterior papillae in several rows; lower lip forming two lateral lobes and one medial pad, without anterior fold; two lateral lobes on lower lip not in contact with each other posteriorly from medial pad, laterally connected with upper lip anterior papillae around mouth corners; medial pad on lower lip bisected, heart-shaped, smooth. Jaws with horny sheathed edge; upper jaw narrow, horny margin width less than half mouth width; lower jaw exposed from medial pad (Fig. 3 D). Body covered with moderately large cycloid scales. Thoracic region scaleless, mid-ventral region usually covered with scales. Anus positioned in anterior one-third of pelvic-fin insertion and anal-fin base. Lateral line complete, almost straight. Lateral-line scales usually 34–39; scales above lateral line 3.5–4.5 (usually 3.5); scales below lateral line usually 1–2; predorsal scales 8–10; circumpeduncular scales 10–12 (usually 12). Distal margin of expanded dorsal fin steep sloped, usually slightly concave, with three unbranched and seven branched rays, pectoral fin with one unbranched and 9–13 branched rays, pelvic fin usually with one unbranched and six or seven branched rays, anal fin with three unbranched and five or six branched rays; caudal fin forked, with one simple ray and nine branched rays on upper lobe and eight branched rays and one simple ray on lower lobe, lobes pointed. Pharyngeal teeth “ 5–5 ” in one row. Air bladder small, possessing two chambers; anterior chamber rounded, enclosed in a thick fibrous capsule; posterior chamber small, length shorter than anterior chamber length, less than half eye diameter, thin. Intestine relatively long.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This genus is mainly distributed in southern China and northern Vietnam. The northernmost boundary of the distribution is the Qinling-Dabie Mountains, the southernmost boundary is the upper Xijiang River (the longest tributary of the Pearl River) in northern Vietnam, and the westernmost boundary is the Chengdu Plain in the upper Yangtze River Basin (Fig. 5 G).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The prefix “ orien- ” was derived from the Latin for eastern, referring to the Oriental realm in the faunal region. The majority of the species in this genus is distributed in the Oriental realm, which is different from the widespread genus Microphysogobio . The suggested Chinese name for this genus is “ 东洋鮈 ” 属, and the Chinese Pinyin name is “ Dōng Yáng Jū ” Shǔ.</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Oriengobio fukiensis (Nichols, 1926), comb. nov. (type species).</p><p>Oriengobio tungtingensis (Nichols, 1926), comb. nov.</p><p>Oriengobio kiatingensis (Wu, 1930), comb. nov.</p><p>Oriengobio obtusirostris (Wu &amp; Wang, 1931), comb. nov.</p><p>Oriengobio vietnamica (Mai, 1978), comb. nov.</p><p>Oriengobio microstomus (Yue, 1995), comb. nov.</p><p>Oriengobio pseudoelongatus (Zhang &amp; Zhao, 2001), comb. nov.</p><p>Oriengobio zhangi (Huang, Zhao, Chen &amp; Shao, 2017), comb. nov.</p><p>Oriengobio wangcangensis (Chen, Yang &amp; Guo, 2020), comb. nov.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The new genus Oriengobio can be distinguished from the genus Biwia by having barbels (vs. no barbels), a reduced air bladder (vs. enlarged), and well-developed lip papillae (vs. thin and simple). It can be distinguished from the genus Platysmacheilus by having a one-row central portion of the anterior papillae (vs. several rows). It can also be distinguished from the genus Huigobio by having a one-row central portion of the anterior papillae (vs. two or more rows) and lateral lobes on the lower lip not in contact behind the medial pad (vs. in contact). It can be distinguished from the new genus Crossocheilogobio by having a thin rostral cap not semi-covering the central portion of the anterior papillae (vs. thick, semi-covering) and a heart-shaped medial pad (vs. a narrow and elongated medial pad). It is similar to the genus Microphysogobio in general morphology. Both genera possess tiny posterior chambers of the air bladder and similar lower lip patterns. However, Oriengobio can be distinguished from Microphysogobio by having a narrow upper jaw horny margin, less than half of the mouth width (vs. wide, larger than half of the mouth width).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C5CE45A8E8EF504B98F6A25DE867FFF2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sun, Zhi-Xian;Tang, Wen-Qiao;Zhao, Ya-Hui	Sun, Zhi-Xian, Tang, Wen-Qiao, Zhao, Ya-Hui (2025): Generic revision on the Biwia – Microphysogobio complex (Cypriniformes, Gobionidae) with descriptions of three new genera. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2013-2037, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.160106
F6D812B9E99351F691550E1942DE7766.text	F6D812B9E99351F691550E1942DE7766.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Platysmacheilus Lo, Yao & Chen 1977	<div><p>Platysmacheilus Lo, Yao &amp; Chen, 1977</p><p>Fig. 10</p><p>Platysmacheilus Lo, Yao &amp; Chen, 1977: 533 . Type species: Saurogobio exiguus Lin, 1932 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>This genus can be distinguished from the other genera within the Pseudogobionini by the combination of the characters: (1) mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior; (2) central portion of the anterior papillae small and usually equal-sized, in tight contact with each other, several rows; (3) lower lip without anterior fold; (4) lobes on lower lip formed together, with a notch anteriorly, and free posteriorly; (5) upper jaw narrow, the horny margin width less than half mouth width; (6) barbel in one pair; (7) pharyngeal teeth in one row; (8) anterior chamber of the air bladder enclosed in fibrous capsule; (9) posterior chamber relatively small, length smaller than half eye diameter, thin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Body elongated, abdomen rounded; caudal peduncle short, compressed laterally. Mouth horseshoe-shaped and inferior; barbel one pair; lips thick, with developed papillae; central portion of the anterior papillae small and usually equal-sized, in tight contact with each other, several rows; lateral portion of anterior papillae in several rows; lower lip without anterior fold; lobes on lower lip formed together, with a notch anteriorly, and free posteriorly. Jaws with horny sheathed edge; upper jaw narrow, horny margin width less than half mouth width (Fig. 3 F). Body covered with moderately large cycloid scales. Thoracic region scaleless, mid-ventral region covered with scales. Anus positioned in the anterior one-third of pelvic-fin insertion and anal-fin base. Lateral line complete, almost straight. Lateral-line scales usually 37–39; scales above lateral line 4.5; scales below lateral line usually 2.5; predorsal scales 8–11; circumpeduncular scales 12. Distal margin of expanded dorsal fin steep sloped, usually slightly concave, with three unbranched and seven branched rays, pectoral fin with one unbranched and 11–14 branched rays, pelvic fin usually with one unbranched and seven branched rays, anal fin with three unbranched and six branched rays; caudal fin forked, with one simple ray and nine branched rays on upper lobe and eight branched rays and one simple ray on lower lobe, lobes pointed. Pharyngeal teeth in one row. Air bladder relatively small, possessing two chambers; anterior chamber rounded, enclosed in a thick fibrous capsule; posterior chamber small, length less than half eye diameter, smaller than anterior chamber length, thin. Intestine relatively long.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>This genus is distributed in southern China, including the middle portions of the Yangtze River Basin and northern tributaries of the Xijiang River (which belongs to the Pearl River Basin). This genus is endemic to China (Fig. 5 E).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The word “ platysma- ” derived from the Greek word “ platysma ”, meaning flat object; “ - cheilus ” derived from the Greek word “ cheilos ”, meaning lip. It means having a flat lower lip. The generic name in Chinese is “ 片唇鮈 ” 属, and the Chinese Pinyin name is “ Piàn Chún Jū ” Shǔ.</p><p>Species included.</p><p>Platysmacheilus exiguus (Lin, 1932) (type species).</p><p>Platysmacheilus longibarbatus Lo, Yao &amp; Chen, 1977 .</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This study places two valid species in this genus, the type species Platysmacheilus exiguus and P. longibarbatus . Platysmacheilus nudiventris Lo, Yao &amp; Chen, 1977, P. obtusirostris (Wu &amp; Wang, 1931), and P. wangcangensis Chen, Yang &amp; Guo, 2020 do not belong to this genus because they have significant morphological differences from the type species (e. g., the central portion of the anterior papillae in these three species is in one row; the lower lip is trilobed in P. nudiventris and P. obtusirostris). This study treats P. nudiventris as a Microphysogobio species based on its wide upper jaw horny margin and small posterior chamber of the air bladder. Platysmacheilus obtusirostris and P. wangcangensis, possessing a narrow horny margin on the upper jaw, a loosely arranged central portion of the anterior papillae, and an exposed lower jaw, should be placed in Oriengobio gen. nov. Platysmacheilus zhenjiangensis Ni, Chen &amp; Zhou, 2005, collected from the lower Yangtze River in Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, also does not belong to Platysmacheilus . It should be a junior synonym of Oriengobio microstomus (Yue, 1995), comb. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F6D812B9E99351F691550E1942DE7766	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Sun, Zhi-Xian;Tang, Wen-Qiao;Zhao, Ya-Hui	Sun, Zhi-Xian, Tang, Wen-Qiao, Zhao, Ya-Hui (2025): Generic revision on the Biwia – Microphysogobio complex (Cypriniformes, Gobionidae) with descriptions of three new genera. Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (4): 2013-2037, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.160106
