identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
A851B0FE9CD05A73843805E7F06730FF.text	A851B0FE9CD05A73843805E7F06730FF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Churabana Kise, Montenegro & Reimer 2021	<div><p>Genus Churabana Kise, Montenegro &amp; Reimer, 2021</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Churabana kuroshioae Kise, Montenegro &amp; Reimer, 2021 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>(modified from the diagnosis given by Kise et al. 2022). Parazoanthidae with obligate symbiotic relationship with Pararete sponges. Preserved polyps 3.0–10.0 mm in height, 2.8–5.0 mm in diameter. Azooxanthellate. Cteniform endodermal marginal musculature.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>We modified the generic diagnosis based on a newly collected specimen of Churabana kuroshioae . This species seems to have host specificity to Pararete species based on this study and Kise et al. (2022), although further investigations are required to confirm this.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A851B0FE9CD05A73843805E7F06730FF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kise, Hiroki;Reimer, James Davis;Iguchi, Akira;Ise, Yuji;Tsuchida, Shinji;Fujiwara, Yoshihiro	Kise, Hiroki, Reimer, James Davis, Iguchi, Akira, Ise, Yuji, Tsuchida, Shinji, Fujiwara, Yoshihiro (2024): Parazoanthidae (Cnidaria, Zoantharia) associated with glass sponges on the Nishi-Shichito Ridge, northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species. ZooKeys 1221: 343-362, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1221.131258
A29E36624B6C58088A85CE5C747CAB78.text	A29E36624B6C58088A85CE5C747CAB78.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Churabana kuroshioae Kise, Montenegro & Reimer 2021	<div><p>Churabana kuroshioae Kise, Montenegro &amp; Reimer, 2021</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• NSMT -Co 1899, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.63083&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.283833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.63083/lat 29.283833)">An’ei Seamount</a>, Nishi-Shichito Ridge, Japan (29°17.03'N, 138°37.85'E), 770 m depth, October 17, 2021 .</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Near Iejima Island, Motobu, Okinawa, Japan.</p><p>Description.</p><p>External morphology. Parazoanthidae associated with host hexasterophoran sponge Pararete Ijima, 1927 . Approximately 100 truncated cone-shaped cylindrical polyps in preserved specimen. Solitary or colonial polyps rise irregularly from host Pararete sponges (Figs 2 B, 3 D). The living and preserved polyps dark brown and tentacles brown in coloration. Ectoderm and mesoglea of capitulum encrusted with numerous and comparatively large sizes of sand and silica particles (approximately &lt;100 µm). No encrustations of sand and silica particles in the ectoderm or mesoglea of scapus (Fig. 3 F). Contracted preserved polyps 3.0–10.0 mm in height, 2.8–5.0 mm in diameter. Capitulary ridges discernible when contracted, 15–16 in number, and 30–32 tentacles (Fig. 3 E).</p><p>Habitat and distribution.</p><p>Northwestern Pacific Ocean: Churabana kuroshioae was originally reported from the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan at depths of 520–650 m (Kise et al. 2022). The findings in this study reveal that this species is also distributed at the An’ei Seamount, Nishi-Shichito Ridge, Japan at a depth of 770 m. Churabana kuroshioae was found on the summit of An’ei Seamount on glass sponge Pararete sp. attached to rocky substrate.</p><p>Associated host.</p><p>Pararete sp.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The polyp coloration of Churabana kuroshioae is cream-pink or beige with cream or whitish transparent tentacles in the original description, while the specimen of C. kuroshioae collected from An’ei Seamount has dark brown polyps with brown tentacles. As well, the polyp sizes of the specimen examined in this study were relatively larger than that of the original description (3.0–4.0 mm in height, 2.8–4.0 mm in diameter) by Kise et al. (2022). Based on the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses, the differences in coloration and polyp sizes found in this study are considered intraspecific variation, although detailed molecular analyses in the future may warrant reconsideration of this.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A29E36624B6C58088A85CE5C747CAB78	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kise, Hiroki;Reimer, James Davis;Iguchi, Akira;Ise, Yuji;Tsuchida, Shinji;Fujiwara, Yoshihiro	Kise, Hiroki, Reimer, James Davis, Iguchi, Akira, Ise, Yuji, Tsuchida, Shinji, Fujiwara, Yoshihiro (2024): Parazoanthidae (Cnidaria, Zoantharia) associated with glass sponges on the Nishi-Shichito Ridge, northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species. ZooKeys 1221: 343-362, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1221.131258
79CE76E9E591569391B428BAD1978DAE.text	79CE76E9E591569391B428BAD1978DAE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vitrumanthus flosculus Kise & Reimer 2024	<div><p>Vitrumanthus flosculus Kise &amp; Reimer sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 3, 4, 5</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype • NSMT -Co 1898, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=138.738&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=32.328835" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 138.738/lat 32.328835)">Shoho Seamount</a>, Nishi-Shichito Ridge, Japan (32°19.73'N, 138°44.28'E), 400 m depth, November 29, 2020.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Shoho Seamount, Nishi-Shichito Ridge, Japan.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>“ flosculus ” meaning “ small flower ” or “ floweret ” in Latin.</p><p>Description.</p><p>External morphology. Colonial macrocnemic zoantharians associated with host hexasterophoran sponge Farrea Bowerbank, 1862 (Fig. 2 A). Solitary or colonial polyps rise irregularly from all over the three-dimensional structure of host hexasterophoran sponge with base of polyps embedded in tissue of sponge (Fig. 3 A). Preserved specimens consist of cylindrical polyps (Fig. 3 B, C), dark brown in coloration. The living polyps and tentacles transparent yellowish in coloration. Surface of column smooth and ectoderm continuous (Fig. 3 C). No encrustations of sand and silica particles in ectoderm of capitulum but ectoderm of scapus encrusted with small-sized sand and silica particles. Contracted preserved polyps 1.5–2.5 mm in height, 1.0– 2.5 mm in diameter. Capitulary ridges indiscernible when contracted. Tentacles 22–26 in number.</p><p>Internal morphology. Zooxanthellae absent. Cyclically transitional marginal musculature (Fig. 4 A – C). Encircling sinus or mesogleal canal present and basal canals of mesenteries absent (Fig. 4 E). Mesenteries 22–26 in number, in brachycnemic arrangement (Fig. 4 D). Mesoglea thickness 20–30 µm. Siphonoglyph distinct and V-shaped. Mesenterial filaments present. Complete mesenteries fertile (Fig. 4 E).</p><p>Cnidae. Basitrichs and microbasic b-mastigophores, microbasic p-mastigophores, holotrichs, special b-mastigophores, and spirocysts (see Fig. 5, Table 1 for sizes and distributions).</p><p>Habitat and distribution.</p><p>Northwestern Pacific Ocean: known from the Shoho Seamount, Nishi-Shichito Ridge, Japan at a depth of 400 m. The new species was found on a glass sponge, Farrea sp., attached to rocks on the summit of the Shoho Seamount.</p><p>Associated host.</p><p>Farrea sp.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Regarding host sponges, Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. is associated with Farrea, while other Vitrumanthus species are associated with other, different host sponges ( Vitrumanthus schrieri: Verrucocoeloidea, Parahigginsia and Cyrtaulon, Vitrumanthus vanderlandi: Aphrocallistes, and Vitrumanthus oligomyarius: Tretochone). Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. has holotrich nematocysts in all tissues we examined, while V. vanderlandi does not have holotrichs in any tissues. The surface of the column is smooth in Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. with no encrustation of sand and silica particles in the ectoderm of capitulum, while the surface of the column is rough in V. schrieri with encrustation in the ectoderm of capitulum. The mesenteric arrangement of both Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. and V. oligomyarius is brachycnemic, an exceptional characteristic for species within the suborder Macrocnemina . However, these two species can be distinguished by their numbers of tentacles and the sizes of the polyps; Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. has 22–26 tentacles, while V. oligomyarius has 32–36 tentacles. Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. has relatively smaller polyps than those of V. oligomyarius (1.5–2.5 mm in height and 1.0– 2.5 mm in diameter vs. 0.5–3.1 mm in height and 1.2–3.4 mm in diameter). Furthermore, the host sponges of Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. and V. oligomyarius are different ( Farrea vs. Tretochone).</p><p>Parachurabana is a monotypic genus, and the diagnostic feature of this genus is described as having an association with Farreidae sponges. Although Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. is associated with Farrea sp., Vitrumanthus flosculus sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from Parachurbana by the different shape of its sphincter muscle (cyclically transitional vs. cteniform endodermal marginal musculature) and different mesenterial arrangement (brachycnemic vs macrocnemic arrangement). The diagnosis of Parachurabana may need to be updated based on examinations of additional specimens.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/79CE76E9E591569391B428BAD1978DAE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kise, Hiroki;Reimer, James Davis;Iguchi, Akira;Ise, Yuji;Tsuchida, Shinji;Fujiwara, Yoshihiro	Kise, Hiroki, Reimer, James Davis, Iguchi, Akira, Ise, Yuji, Tsuchida, Shinji, Fujiwara, Yoshihiro (2024): Parazoanthidae (Cnidaria, Zoantharia) associated with glass sponges on the Nishi-Shichito Ridge, northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species. ZooKeys 1221: 343-362, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1221.131258
06E67587080B56D681895AEABE104B5B.text	06E67587080B56D681895AEABE104B5B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Vitrumanthus Kise	<div><p>Genus Vitrumanthus Kise, Montenegro &amp; Reimer, 2022</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Vitrumanthus schrieri Kise, Montenegro &amp; Reimer, 2022 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Parazoanthidae characterized by obligate symbiotic relationship with massive hexasterophoran and Demospongiae sponges. Preserved polyps 0.3–3.1 mm in length, 0.8–3.4 mm in diameter. Azooxanthellate. Cyclically transitional marginal musculature.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/06E67587080B56D681895AEABE104B5B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Kise, Hiroki;Reimer, James Davis;Iguchi, Akira;Ise, Yuji;Tsuchida, Shinji;Fujiwara, Yoshihiro	Kise, Hiroki, Reimer, James Davis, Iguchi, Akira, Ise, Yuji, Tsuchida, Shinji, Fujiwara, Yoshihiro (2024): Parazoanthidae (Cnidaria, Zoantharia) associated with glass sponges on the Nishi-Shichito Ridge, northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species. ZooKeys 1221: 343-362, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1221.131258
