identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
304F87936817FFDAFF3BFDF9FD81AB4E.text	304F87936817FFDAFF3BFDF9FD81AB4E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Henlea magnaampullacea	<div><p>Henlea magnaampullacea sp. n.</p><p>(Figures 1 A–D, 2A–F, 3)</p><p>Type material. Holotype. NIBRIV0000320515, slide No. 1126, adult whole mount stained with borax-carmine. Type locality: Site 1: College of Agriculture &amp; Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º50'59.0"N 127º07'56.4"E, 55 m asl, soil and litter layers of woodland, leg.Y. Hong, 19.05.2014.</p><p>Paratypes. NIBRIV0000320516, NIBRIV0000320517, 2 adult specimens from type locality, in 70 % ethanol. P.103.1–4, slide No. 1005, 1121, 1122, 1127. Four adult whole mounts stained with borax-carmine from the type locality, 0 3.04.2014 and 19.05.2014. P.103.5–103.10. slide No. 1098, 1119, 1120, 1128–1130. Six specimens from site 7, Dongjin-myeon, Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º46'04.6"N 126º43'14.8"E, 23 m asl, soil of agronomical fields, leg. Y. Hong, 19.05.2014. P.103.11. Six specimens in 70 % ethanol from type locality.</p><p>Further material examined. 12 and 10 specimens from sites 7 and 1, respectively.</p><p>Etymology. Named after the large spermathecal ampulla (magna = large, Latin).</p><p>Diagnosis. The new species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: (1) medium-sized stout worms (11–16 mm long and 600–800 Μm wide at clitellum in vivo, segments 47–58; (2) maximum 6 chaetae per bundle; (3) clitellum girdle-shaped: gland cells small in reticulate pattern dorsally and ventrally; (4) six preclitellar pairs of nephridia; (5) canals of the intestinal diverticula arranged longitudinally in VIII, dorsal vessel origin in IX; (6) coelomocytes large, rounded brownish, thickened at cell periphery; (7) seminal vesicle large; (8) sperm funnel large, cylindrical, collar wider as funnel body; (9) spermathecae with very large pear-shaped ampullae and without diverticula.</p><p>Description. Holotype 16.2 mm long, 590 µm wide at VIII and 620 µm at clitellum, in vivo (11.1 mm long, 490 µm wide at VIII and 660 µm at clitellum, fixed), 52 segments. Body length of paratypes 11–16 mm, width 520–700 µm at VIII and 530–800 µm at clitellum, in vivo. Length of fixed specimens 8.7–13.5 mm, width 400–670 µm at VIII and 400–730 µm at clitellum. Segments 47–58. Chaetal formula: 2,3,4,5 – 4,5,(3,2): 2,3,4,5,6 – 4,5,6,3. Chaetae straight, mostly unequal in size within a bundle; the largest 90–100 Μm long and 5 Μm wide, the smallest 63–70 Μm long and 4 Μm wide. Chaetae in XII absent. Head pore at 0/I, large transverse slit (Fig. 3 B). Epidermal gland cells arranged in 3–4 transverse rows per segment. Many glands also on the prostomium dorsally (Fig. 3 B). Clitellum girdle-shaped in XII–1 /2XIII, gland cells small in reticulate pattern (Fig. 2 C), also between the bursal slits (Fig. 2 D). Thickness of body wall about 40–60 µm, cuticle about 1 µm, in vivo. Brain concave posteriorly, about 150 Μm long, in vivo and slightly longer than wide (Fig. 3 A). Oesophagus in VI with a pattern of transverse streaks and one pair dorso-laterally and one pair ventro-laterally lobes of oesophageal appendages.</p><p>Pharyngeal glands all separate dorsally, the second and third pairs with ventral lobes (Fig. 3 E.). Chloragocytes from IV about 15–40 Μm long, in vivo (fixed 13–15 Μm). Dorsal vessel from IX, large heart-like pulsating expansion from IX to VII (Fig. 2 A), blood colourless. Intestinal diverticula forming a ring around intestine in VIII, consisting of 4 spherical diverticula, which unite proximally (Figs. 2 A,B, 3E). Canals of the diverticula arranged longitudinally and not including large hollows; especially well visible in subadult or juvenile specimens (Fig. 3 F). Intestinal epithelium behind clitellum with tall, hyaline type of cells ventrally and laterally from XXIV–XXV to XXXI–XXXII (type 2 after Rota et al. 1998). Six pairs of preclitellar nephridia from 5/6 to 10/11 (in one case from 4/5–10/11, absent at 5/6), anteseptale small, efferent duct origin posteroventrally (Fig. 1 C). Coelomocytes large, rounded or ellipsoid (Fig. 3 C), with fine brown granula in the cytoplasma (coelomocyte aggregations dark brown in transmitted light), and a peripherally thickened cell border, distinct at high magnification (Fig. 3 D) (length 35– 60 Μm, in vivo, 20–30 µm, fixed).</p><p>Seminal vesicle large in XI or XI–XII. Sperm funnels cylindrical, large (Figs. 1 B, 3H–I), about 350–600 µm long and 4–6 times as long as wide, in vivo, about ¾ as long as body diameter. Funnel length in fixed specimens 230–550 µm, 2.5–4 times longer than wide. Collar wider as funnel body. Spermatozoa about 140–170 µm long, heads 40–70 µm, in vivo. Diameter of sperm ducts 12–13 µm, in vivo, 10–13 µm, fixed. Male copulatory organs (Fig. 2 D) 120–190 µm long, 100–145 µm wide and 80–110 Μm high, fixed, bursal slits H-shaped, modiolus well developed. Subneural glands absent. Spermathecae (Figs. 1 A, 2E–F, 3J) very prominent, large; pear-shaped ampullae without diverticula, 90–150 µm wide, up to 200 µm when full with sperm. Ectal duct about 160–300 µm long and 40–60 (80) µm wide, slightly tapering distally, canal wide (13–15 µm, in vivo), (170–260 µm long, 45–60 µm wide, diameter of canal 10–12 µm in fixed specimens). Ampullae about 250–280 µm long in vivo, merging entally and with joint opening into oesophagus in VI. At the orifice of spermathecal ducts 3–4 large glands (40–80 µm long, in vivo). 2–3 mature eggs at a time.</p><p>Distribution and habitat. In Korea site 1: College of Agriculture &amp; Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 35º50'59.0"N 127º07'56.4"E, 55 m asl), woodland, sites 6 and 7, Dongjinmyeon, Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do 35º46'04.6"N 126º43'14.8"E, 23 m asl and 35º46'04.2" 126º43'15.6"E, 20 m a s l, agronomical fields, and planting garden tree.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Henlea magnaampullacea sp. n. and 6 other Henlea species are characterized by intestinal diverticula with multitubular substructure in VIII, and the dorsal vessel origin in IX. Among these species, H. ventriculosa (d' Udekem, 1854), H. jutlandica Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1959, H. andreae Rodriguez &amp; Giani, 1986, H. groenlandica Černosvitov, 1929 augm. Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas, 2006 and H. conchifera Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas, 1999 differ from the new species in the spermathecal ampullae which are only slightly wider than the ectal ducts (Schmelz &amp; Collado 2010; Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas 1999, 2006). H. irkutensis Burov, 1929 is much larger (60–90 segments, 23.6–55 mm) (Burov 1929). H. magnaampullacea sp. n. is most similar to Henlea ochracea (Eisen, 1978) augm. Nurminen, 1973, because both are similarly large, have up to 6 chaetae per bundle, large sperm funnels and more robust spermathecae, but the collar of sperm funnels is not so high and bent backwards in the new species, and the spermathecal ampullae are abruptly widened, about 2–3 times wider than the diameter of ectal ducts, whereas in H ochracea the ampullae are about 1.5 times wider than the ectal ducts and the duct widens gradually into the ampullae (Dózsa-Farkas, personal observation, see Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas 1999, Fig 16). Based on the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 14), individuals from the new species were separated from other Henlea species collected in Korea, and were also distantly related to H. ochracea individuals from Alaska (identified morphologically by Dózsa-Farkas). Therefore molecular taxonomical results supported the description of a new Henlea species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936817FFDAFF3BFDF9FD81AB4E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936813FFD4FF3BFE83FB9FADEA.text	304F87936813FFD4FF3BFE83FB9FADEA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fridericia sphaerica	<div><p>Fridericia sphaerica sp. n.</p><p>(Figures 1 E–G, 2G–I, 4, 5)</p><p>Type material. Holotype. NIBRIV0000320518, slide No. 1114, adult specimen, stained whole mount. Type locality: site 1. College of Agriculture &amp; Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º50'59.0"N 127º07'56.4"E, 55 m asl, soil and litter layers of woodland, leg.Y. Hong, 19.05.2014.</p><p>Paratypes. NIBRIV0000320519, NIBRIV0000320520, 2 adult specimens in 70 % ethanol from type locality, 19.05.2014. P. 105.1–105.11. 11 adult, fixed, stained whole mounts, slides No. 1003, 1109–1111, 1115–1117, 1123– 1125, 1174, from type locality. P.105.12. One adult, fixed, stained whole mount, slide No. 1101, site 7: Dongjinmyeon, Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º46'04.6"N 126º43'14.8"E, 23 m asl, garden (planting garden tree), agronomical fields, leg. Y. Hong, 19.05.2014. P.105.13–105.14, slides No. 1167–1168, two fixed stained whole mounts from site 13: Gyeongju National Park Buddhist Center, Korea, 35º52'032"N 129º13'21"E, leg. Sándor Mahunka, 0 9.12.1990. P.105.15, six specimens in 70 % ethanol from site 1, P.105.16, six specimens in 70 % ethanol from site 7.</p><p>Further material examined. 8 specimens from sites 1, 6, and 7.</p><p>Etymology. Named after the shape of spermathecal ampulla ('sphaera' = sphere, Latin).</p><p>Diagnosis. The new species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: (1) large size (13– 21.5 mm long, 400–630 µm wide at clitellum in vivo, but the cuticle thin, &lt;1 µm), segments 47–64; (2) maximum 4 (5) chaetae per bundle; (3) clitellum girdle-shaped, gland cells arranged in transverse rows, between the bursal (=penial) slits only granulocytes; (4) five preclitellar pairs of nephridia; (5) coelomo-mucocytes type c, lenticytes small and scarce; (6) chylus cells in XIII–XVI (2–3 segments); (7) seminal vesicle large; (8) subneural glands absent; (9) sperm funnel cylindrical, about 1/2 or 2/3 as long as body diameter, collar slightly narrower as funnel body; (10) spermathecae with very long ectal duct, without ectal glands, the spherical ampulla large (diameter 95– 150 µm, in vivo), separate openings into oesophagus.</p><p>Description. Holotype 15.8 mm long, 410 µm wide at VIII and 420 µm at clitellum (fixed), segments 60. Body length of paratypes (11)– 13–21.5 mm, width 330–450 µm at VIII and 400–630 µm at clitellum, in vivo, length of fixed specimens 10–15.8 mm, width 420–580 µm at VIII and at clitellum, segments 47–64. Chaetal formula: (2)3,4 – 4,3,2: 3,4(5) – 4,3,(1)2. As in other Fridericia species, the chaetae within a bundle arranged in pairs with the outer pair and thicker than the inner pair (52– 63 x 5 Μm vs. 33– 35 x 3–4 Μm, preclitellar bundles). Lengths about the same in postclitellar segments but between XVIII–XX often only the two smaller chaetae present. Two chaetae per bundle from about XXI–XXVI; chaetae gradually increasing in size posteriad from 65 Μm to 90– 95 x 5 Μm in terminal segments. Detached chaetae often present in the coelom. Head pore at 0/I. Dorsal pores from VII. Epidermal gland cells arranged in 2–3 transverse rows per segments (Fig. 4 D). Clitellum in XII–1 /3XIII, girdle-shaped, hyalocytes and granulocytes arranged in dense rows dorsally (Fig. 2 G), between the bursal slits only granulocytes (Fig. 4 B,C). Body wall thick, 40–50 µm, cuticula thin (&lt;1 µm).</p><p>Brain egg-shaped (Fig. 4 A), 150–190 Μm long in vivo, about 2 times longer than wide. Oesophageal appendages (Fig. 1 E) with few short branches at the end. All pairs of pharyngeal glands united dorsally and with ventral lobes, lobes in VI longest. Chloragocytes from V. Dorsal vessel from XVII–XXIII (mostly XVIII–XX), blood colourless. Midgut pars tumida not seen. Five pairs of preclitellar nephridia from 6/7 to 10/11; length ratio anteseptale: postseptale 1: 1.2–1.3, midventral origin of efferent duct, anteseptale often brown in transmitted light. Coelomo-mucocytes with fine granular matrix and clearly visible nucleus, type c (sometimes a/c), length mostly 25–53 µm (Fig. 4 E), sometimes with coarser granulation (Fig.4 F), lenticytes small and scarce (4–8 Μm long, in vivo). Chylus cells (Fig. 4 G) between XIII–XVI, occupying 2–3 segments. Seminal vesicle large (X–XI or XI– XII). Sperm funnels cylindrical (Figs. 1 F, 2H, 4H, 5A), 200–370 µm long, in vivo and 1.5–2.7 times as long as wide. In fixed specimens the length of funnels 180–260 µm. Collar slightly narrower than funnel body. Spermatozoa long, length 400–600 µm, heads 150–170 µm, in vivo. Diameter of sperm ducts about 10 µm, in vivo. Male copulatory organs (Fig. 4 C) 100–220 µm long, 60–90 µm wide and 60–80 Μm high, in vivo (100–170, 50–90 and 40–90 µm, respectively fixed), the laterally bent bursal slits are longitudinal or H-shaped. No subneural glands. Ectal ducts of spermathecae very long, length 380–620 µm and width 24–35 µm, in vivo (300–500 µm long, and 20–25 µm wide, fixed), gland absent at the ectal opening (Fig. 5 E). Ampullae large, onion-shaped without diverticula, diameter 95–150 µm, in vivo (fixed 90–130 µm), ental bulbs (56–70 µm wide, in vivo), projecting into the lumina of ampullae, sperm in circles around the bulbs (Figs. 1 G, 2I, 5B). Ectal duct canal describing spiral loops inside the ental bulbs before entering the ampullae (Figs. 1 G, 2I, 5B,C), a characteristic trait similar to F. perrieri . Ampullae often with granular texture (Fig. 5 D). Distal and proximal parts of ampullae considerably set off by a constriction, the proximal part about 70–130 µm long, in vivo, separate openings into oesophagus. Spermathecae enlarged in one specimen: ectal ducts 621 µm long and 36 µm wide, diameter of ampulla 199 µm, ental bulb 90 µm wide, in vivo. One to three mature eggs at a time.</p><p>Distribution and habitat. In Korea, site 1, College of Agriculture &amp; Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º50'59.0"N 127º07'56.4"E, 55 m asl, woodland. Site 7, Dongjinmyeon, Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 35º46'04.6"N 126º43'14.8"E, 23 m asl, garden (planting garden tree), agronomical fields. Site 11, Sulchon-myeon, Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 35º59'28.7"N 127º50'46.8"E, 544 m asl, mixed forest. Site 1, collected in 2007, Soil and litter layers in College of Agriculture &amp; Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 35°50'51.1"N 127°08'0.3"E, maple trees cultivation of experimental farm (= Fridericia sp. 1 in Dózsa-Farkas &amp; Hong 2010, Table 1). Site 13, Gyeongju National Park Buddhist Center 35º52'032"N 129º13'21"E.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Among the previously described Fridericia species with more than 40 segments, onion-shaped spermathecal ampulla without diverticula and separate openings into oesophagus, five species ( F. paratalassia Schmelz, 2002, F. peregrinabunda Michaelsen, 1913, F. seoraksani Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas, 2012, F. callosa (Eisen, 1878) and F. tuberosa Rota, 1995) are similar to the new species (Schmelz 2003; Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas 1999; Rota 1995; Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas 2012). The main differences are as follows: in F. parathalassia, the spermathecal ampullae are similarly large [70–100 Μm (Schmelz 2003), 100–200 Μm (Nielsen &amp; Christensen 1959)], but there are only four pairs of preclitellar nephridia and subneural glands are present. The main differences of F. peregrinabunda to the new species are only two chaetae in the bundles and a smaller diameter of the spermathecal ampullae (60–70 Μm). These two species were found also together with F. seoraksani . F. seoraksani can be easily distinguished from F. sphaerica sp. n. by the following characters: by their smaller size (7.2–14.4 mm long, in vivo and 37–45 segments), by the smaller diameter of spermathecal ampulla (50–60 Μm) and by the smaller sperm funnel (160–190 Μm long, in vivo). F. callosa (as redescribed in Schmelz 2003) and the new species resemble each other in more traits (e.g. similar size, form of spermatheca, long spermatozoa, large seminal vesicle, the locality of chylus cells), but F. callosa has a thick cuticle (3–5 Μm, vs. less than 1 Μm in the new species) and never 4 chaetae in the dorso-lateral bundles. Moreover the chaetae are often absent in several bundles, the third pharyngeal glands are not united dorsally and the oesophageal appendages are much branched. In F. tuberosa diverticula-like protrusions may appear on the spermathecal ampullae, spermathecal ectal glands and subneural glands are present, and the coelomocytes are of type b.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936813FFD4FF3BFE83FB9FADEA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F8793681EFFD1FF3BFF7BFEE2AD29.text	304F8793681EFFD1FF3BFF7BFEE2AD29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fridericia cusanicaformis	<div><p>Fridericia cusanicaformis sp. n.</p><p>(Figures 6 A – C, 7)</p><p>Type material. Holotype. NIBRIV0000320521, slide No. 1080, adult whole mount stained with borax carmine. Type locality: site 9: Cheontae mountain, Yeongdong-gun, Cheungcheongnam-do, Korea, 36º06'57.8"N 128º00'30.4"E, 201 m asl, soil and litter layers of forest, leg. Y. Hong, 15.05.2014.</p><p>Paratypes. NIBRIV0000320522, slide No. 1082, two adult whole mounts stained specimens from type locality, sampling data as for holotype. P.104.1–2, slide No. 1079, 1081, sampling data as for holotype.</p><p>Etymology. Named after the similarity to F. c u s a ni ca Schmelz, 2003.</p><p>Diagnosis. The new species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: (1) small size (5–7 mm, in vivo), segments 29–32; (2) only one chaeta in the lateral bundles; (3) clitellum only laterally developed: hyalocytes and granulocytes arranged in transverse rows, dorsally and ventrally absent, except 1–3 rows behind bursal slits; (4) four preclitellar pairs of nephridia; (5) coelomo-mucocytes type a, lenticytes large; (6) chylus cells in X–XI; (7) seminal vesicle absent; (8) subneural glands absent; (9) sperm funnel small, cylindrical, collar narrower as funnel body; (10) spermathecae without diverticula, fused proximally, ampullae small (diameter 20–25 µm, in vivo), spermathecal ducts elongate, with small sessile ectal glands.</p><p>Description. Holotype 5 mm long, 220 µm wide at VIII and 240 µm at clitellum, fixed, 30 segments. Body length of paratypes 5–7 mm, width 200 µm at VIII and 210–240 µm at clitellum, in vivo. Length of fixed specimens 3.4–5.6 mm, width 180–220 µm at VIII and 200–240 µm at clitellum. Segments 29–32. Chaetal formula: 1,(0) – 1: 2 – 2. Chaetae in preclitellar and postclitellar bundles alike, about 20–25 x 2.5 µm both ventrally and laterally. Chaetae in XII absent. Head pore at 0/I. Dorsal pores from VII. Epidermal gland cells arranged in 1–2 transverse rows per segment. Clitellum in XII–1 /2XIII, only laterally developed, except for 2–3 rows posterior to the bursal slits (Fig. 7 B); dorsal gap of clitellum about 58 µm wide (Fig. 7 A); gland cells arranged in rows, hyalocytes slightly larger (diameter 17–20 x 18 Μm) than granulocytes (diameter 10–12 x 18 Μm, fixed). Thickness of body wall about 10–13 µm, cuticle about 1 µm in fixed specimens.</p><p>Brain egg-shaped, about 90–100 Μm long (fixed) and 1.7 times longer than wide (Fig. 7 C). Oesophageal appendages type a, short, unbranched (Fig. 7 D). First and second pairs of pharyngeal glands united dorsally, third pair dorsally separate; in IV without and in V and VI with ventral lobes. Chloragocytes from V, about 19–23 Μm long, in vivo (fixed 5–10 Μm). Dorsal blood vessel from XIII, blood colourless. Midgut pars tumida in XIX–XXII, occupying 4 segments. Four pairs of preclitellar nephridia from 6/7 to 9/10, length ratio anteseptale: postseptale 1: 1.4–1.6, midventral origin of efferent duct preclitellarly (Fig. 7 E), postclitellarly efferent duct originating terminally (Fig. 7 F). Coelomo-mucocytes type a (length 20–30 Μm, in vivo, 13–17 µm, fixed), lenticytes large 8–13 Μm long, in vivo (5-8 µm long, fixed) (Fig. 6 B). Chylus cells between X–XI, occupying 2 segments (Fig. 7 G). Seminal vesicle small or absent. Sperm funnels cylindrical, small (Fig. 7 G), about 70–90 µm long and 1.8–2.3 times as long as wide, in vivo. Funnel length in fixed specimens 55–87 µm (Fig. 7 H). Collar narrower than funnel body. Spermatozoa about 100 µm long, heads 25–28 µm, in vivo. Diameter of sperm ducts 5 µm, fixed. Male copulatory organs (Fig. 7 B) 40–57 µm long, 30–37 µm wide and 20–32 Μm high, fixed, bursal slits were undeterminable. Subneural glands absent. Spermathecae (Fig. 7 I,J): one small, sessile ectal gland at the orifice, length about 12–17 µm, fixed. Ectal duct as long as or slightly longer than body diameter, about 195–240 µm long and 10 µm wide, in vivo (125–250 µm, fixed), canal not widened. Ampullae onion-shaped without ental bulbs in ampullae and without diverticula, diameter 20–25 µm, in vivo and fixed alike. Proximal parts of ampullae (18–20 µm long, fixed) merging and joint opening into oesophagus in V. One large mature egg at a time (in specimen No. 1079 four mature eggs).</p><p>Distribution and habitat. In Korea only in site 9, Cheontae mountain, Yeongdong-gun, Cheungcheongnamdo Korea, 36˚06’57.8”N 128˚00’30.4”E, 201 m asl, broad-leaved forest.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. The shape of the spermathecae in F. cusanicaformis sp. n. is very similar to the spermathecae of six Fridericia species: F. bulboides Nielsen &amp; Christensen, 1959, F. bretscheri Southern, 1907, F. semisetosa Dózsa-Farkas, 1970, F. schmelzi Cech &amp; Dózsa-Farkas, 2005, F. pretoriana Stephenson, 1930, F. losangelensis Bell, 1936; they differ all from the new species in the maximum number of ventral chaetae, four in first four species, in the case of F. pretoriana 6–8 and in F. losangelensis 4–6 (Schmelz 2003). Only F. semisetosa has 1 or 0 chaetae in the lateral bundles but differs by the number of preclitellar nephridia (5 pairs). The new species differs from these species discussed by the dorsally absent clitellum. F. cusanica Schmelz, 2003 is most similar to the new species (see etymology of F. cusanicaformis) in regard to body size, spermathecal form, the maximum number of chaetae per bundle, preclitellar location of chylus cells and oesophageal appendages type a, but F. cusanicaformis differs from F. cusanica by longer spermathecal ducts (as long as or slightly longer than body diameter), only four pairs of preclitellar nephridia, lenticytes larger (8–13 µm long) and the third pairs of pharyngeal glands in VI separate dorsally; moreover the first pharyngeal glands are without ventral lobes. In F. cusanica the spermathecal duct length is 3/4 of body diameter, there are five pairs of preclitellar nephridia, lenticytes are 3–5 µm long, and all pairs of pharyngeal glands with wide dorsal connection and with ventral lobes (Schmelz 2003).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F8793681EFFD1FF3BFF7BFEE2AD29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936819FFD2FF3BFF7BFC61AB13.text	304F87936819FFD2FF3BFF7BFC61AB13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fridericia granulocyta	<div><p>Fridericia granulocyta sp. n.</p><p>(Figures 6 D – G, 8)</p><p>Type material. Holotype. NIBRIV0000320523, slide No. 1094, adult, stained and whole-mounted specimen. Type locality: site 7: Dongjin-myeon, Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º46'04.6"N 126º43'14.8"E, 23 m asl, soil of agronomical fields, leg. Y. Hong, 19.05.2014.</p><p>Paratypes. NIBRIV0000320524, slide No. 2026, adult stained whole mounted specimen. Locality: site 11: Sulchon-myeon, Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º59'28.7"N 127º50'46.8"E, 544 m asl, mixed forest, leg. Y. Hong, 16.05.2014. P.106. 1–5, slides No. 2007–2010, 2016. 2 adult and 3 subadult stained whole mounts, from type locality, leg. Y. Hong, 19.05.2014. P.106.6–106.8, slides 2024, 2025, 2027. 3 adult whole mounts, stained specimens, from site 11, Sulchon-myeon, Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º59'28.7"N 127º50'46.8"E, 544 m asl, mixed forest, leg. Y. Hong, 16.05.2014.</p><p>Further material examined. 4 subadult specimens from type locality.</p><p>Etymology. Named after the granulated coelomo-mucocytes.</p><p>Diagnosis. The new species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: (1) Medium-sized worms (7–12 mm, in vivo), segments 40–47; (2) maximum 5 (6) chaetae per bundle; (3) clitellum girdle-shaped, between male openings only granulocytes; (4) five preclitellar pairs of nephridia; (5) all pharyngeal glands with ventral lobes; (6) coelomo-mucocytes type b, lenticytes scarce; (7) chylus cells in XII–XIV (2 segments); (8) seminal vesicle absent; (9) subneural glands absent; (10) sperm funnel small, barrel-shaped, collar narrower as funnel body; (11) spermathecae with onion-shaped ampullae (diameter 34 – 47 µm, in vivo) without diverticula, separate opening into oesophagus, spermathecal ectal duct somewhat shorter than body diameter, no ectal glands.</p><p>Description. Holotype 8.5 mm long, 320 µm wide at VIII and 330 µm at clitellum, fixed, 44 segments. Body length of paratypes 7–11.5 mm, width 290 – 380 µm at VIII and 300–400 µm at clitellum, in vivo. Length of fixed specimens 6–12 mm, width 300–400 µm at VIII and 310–420 µm at clitellum. Segments 40–47. Chaetal formula: 3,4 – 4,3,2: 4,5,(6) – 5.4,3,2. Largest chaetae in preclitellar bundles 55 – 60 x 5 µm, intermediate-sized chaetae 48 – 50 x 5 µm, smaller inner chaetae 25 – 35 x 4 µm. At body end chaetae measuring 65– 75 x 5–6 µm. Chaetae in XII absent. Head pore at 0/I. Dorsal pores from VII. Epidermal gland cells arranged in 1–3 transverse rows per segment, often one or two rows per segment brown-colored. Clitellum in XII–1 /2XIII, girdle-shaped. Gland cells arranged in rows, between male openings only granulocytes. Thickness of body wall about 32–42 µm, cuticle about 2 µm in fixed specimens.</p><p>Brain egg-shaped, about 120 Μm long (fixed) and 1.7 times longer than wide (Fig. 8 A). Oesophageal appendages type a, with some small branches at the end (Fig. 6 D). First pair of pharyngeal glands united dorsally, the secondary and third pairs separate dorsally (sometimes all three separate), all with ventral lobes the smallest lobes in IV. Chloragocytes from V about 14–20 Μm long, in vivo. Dorsal vessel from XVI–XVIII, blood colourless. Midgut pars tumida not seen. Five pairs of preclitellar nephridia from 6/7 to 10/11, anteseptale large, length ratio anteseptale: postseptale 1: 1.3–1.4, adseptal origin of efferent duct, no terminal vesicle (Fig. 8 G). Coelomomucocytes (Figs. 6 E, 8C) broadly-elliptical, cell periphery with refractile granules, type b, length 22–40 Μm, lenticytes scarce, 5–9 Μm long, in vivo. Chylus cells between XII–XIV, occupying 2 segments. Seminal vesicle absent. Sperm funnels mostly barrel-shaped, small (Figs. 6 G, 8E,G), about 90–150 µm long and 1.5–1.8 times as long as wide, in vivo. Funnel length in fixed specimens about 100 µm. Collar 12–20 Μm, high and narrower than funnel body. Spermatozoa about 80–160 µm long, heads 40–60 µm, in vivo (Fig. 8 G). Diameter of sperm ducts 5– 7 µm, fixed. Male copulatory organs (Fig. 8 D,E) small 70–90 µm long, 60 µm wide and 30–40 (70) Μm high, fixed, modiolus distinct, muscular sheath weakly developed, bursal slits longitudinal, bent laterally. Subneural glands absent. Spermathecae (Figs. 6F, 8 H,I): ectal ducts slightly shorter than body diameter, about 200–250 µm long and 12–14 µm wide, in vivo (170–210 µm, fixed), no ectal glands at the orifice. Ampullae onion-shaped without ental bulb in ampullae and without diverticula, diameter 34–47 µm, in vivo and 27–45 µm, fixed. Proximal parts of ampullae 35–42 µm long (in vivo, fixed), communication with oesophagus separate but close to each other dorsolaterally. One or two mature eggs at a time.</p><p>Distribution and habitat. In Korea site 7: Dongjin-myeon, Buan-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 35˚46’04.6”N 126˚43’14.8”E, 23 m asl, agronomical fields, and site 11: Sulchon-myeon, Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 35˚59’28.7”N 127˚50’46.8”E, 544 m asl, mixed forest.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Considering the shape of spermathecae with separate openings into the oesophagus, this new species is similar to 13 Fridericia species: F. c al l o s a (Eisen, 1878) sensu Schmelz (2003), F. parathalassia Schmelz, 2002, F. peregrinabunda Michaelsen, 1913, F. s i m a Welch, 1914, F. sphaerica sp. n., F. seoraksani Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas, 2012, F. b e nt i Schmelz, 2002, F. bulbosa (Rosa, 1887) sensu Rota (2015), F. rara Rota, 2015, F. meridiana Rota, 2015, F. tuberosa Rota, 1995, F. nielseni Möller, 1971, F. unisetosa Xie et al., 2000 (Schmelz 2003; Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas 2012; Rota 2015; Xie et al. 2000).</p><p>The main differences between the first five species and the new species are body size (10-20 mm long), higher segment number and a larger diameter of the spermathecal ampullae. Moreover, F. ca l l o s a has type c oesophageal appendagees, F. parathalassia has only four pair nephridia preclitellarly, in F. peregrinabunda the maximum of chaetae is two per bundle, F. sphaerica sp. n. has longer spermathecal ectal ducts, and in F. si ma the maximum number of chaetae per bundle is 7–8. The smaller F. benti, F. rara and F. nielseni have a maximum of only two chaetae per bundle; moreover, F. benti has a larger spermathecal ectal gland, in F. bu l bo s a the maximum of chaetae is four and the coelomo-mucocytes type a. F. rara has only three pairs of preclitellar nephridia, F. meridiana has only 4 pairs of preclitellar nephridia, the penial (=bursal) slits are T-shaped and chylus cells occur preclitellarly; in F. nielseni the clitellum is saddle-shaped. F. tuberosa is similar to the new species by the b type coelomocytes but has only 4 pairs of preclitellar nephridia and subneural glands. In F. unisetosa the dorsal chaetal bundles are absent. Finally, F. loretensis and F. seoraksani are the most similar species to F. granulocyta, but F. loretensis has more segments (51–55), pharyngeal glands in IV are without ventral lobes and the dorsal lobes in VI have a posterior bulge projecting into VII. F. seoraksani is somewhat larger (8–15 mm), coelomocytes are type a (not type b) and the sperm funnel is cylindrical and more than two times longer than wide.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936819FFD2FF3BFF7BFC61AB13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F8793681BFFCFFF3BFE78FC44AF93.text	304F8793681BFFCFFF3BFE78FC44AF93.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mesenchytraeus calyx	<div><p>Mesenchytraeus calyx sp. n.</p><p>(Figures 6 H–K, 9, 10, 11)</p><p>Type material. Holotype. NIBRIV0000320525, slide No. 1173 a+b, adult, stained and whole-mounted specimen, anterior part of the worm opened dorsally, fixed 23.02.2015. Type locality: site 8: Mt. Cheontae, Yeongdong-gun, Cheungcheongnam-do, Korea, 36º09'29.8"N 127º36'49.8"E, 248 m asl, soil and litter layers of broad-leaved forest, leg. Y. Hong, 15.05.2014.</p><p>Paratypes. NIBRIV0000320526, slide No. 2005, adult, stained whole mounted, anterior part of the worm opened. NIBRIV0000320527, one adult specimen in 70 % ethanol, both from site 11: Sulchon-myeon, Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º59'28.7"N 127º50'46.8"E, 544 m asl, soil and litter layers of forest, leg. Y. Hong, 16.05.2014. Fixed 15.04.2015. P.107.1–107.2, slides No. 1156a+b; 2002a+b two adult, stained, whole mounted specimens, site 11: Sulchon-myeon, Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º59'28.7"N 127º50'46.8"E, 544 m asl, soil and litter layers of forest, leg. Y. Hong, 16.05.2014. Fixed 18.02.2015 and 26.03.2015. P.107.3–107.8, slides No. 1149a+b, 1155a+b, 1157a+b, 1162a+b, 1163a+b, 2003a+b, six adult, stained specimens, anterior part of the worms opened dorsally, fixed 17.02– 26.03.2015, from site 1: College of Agriculture &amp; Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea, 35º50'59.0"N 127º07'56.4"E, 55 m asl, soil and litter layers of woodland, leg. Y. Hong, 19.05.2014. P.107.9–107.10, slide No. 1181, 2004a+b, two adult, stained specimens, anterior part of the worm opened dorsally, fixed 15.04.2015, from type locality. P.107.11, slide No. 2006, one juvenile specimen, fixed 26.03.2015, from type locality.</p><p>Further material examined. 1 specimen in 70 % ethanol from site 8 and 5 juveniles from sites 1, 11 and 8.</p><p>Etymology. Named after the cup-shaped spermathecal ampulla ( calyx = cup, Latin).</p><p>Diagnosis. The new species can be recognized by the following combination of characters: (1) large wide worms (27–42 mm long and about 0.9–1 mm wide, in vivo), segments 60–84; head and the body dorsally brown pigmented; (2) chaetae sigmoid, with nodulus, maximum 6–7 per bundle, in VII–X ventrally only 2–3 enlarged chaetae; (3) clitellum girdle-shaped: gland cells small, in reticulate pattern; (4) five preclitellar pairs of nephridia; (5) dorsal blood vessel from XXIII–XXV, blood light pink; (6) two pairs primary and 3 pairs secondary pharyngeal glands, not connected dorsally; (7) small lemon-shaped coelomocytes, light yellow in aggregations in vivo; (8) sperm sacks and egg sack may extend into XXX and XLI; (9), atrium long with 5–6 very large atrial glands, numerous accessory copulatory glands of different size extending around male pores; (10) spermathecae with long ectal ducts, projecting deeply into the cup-shaped ampullae, which have 7–9 diverticula; ental ducts connected with oesophagus in V–VII.</p><p>Description. Large enchytraeid worm. Colour light pink, dorsal side is light-brown preclitellarly, while the prostomium is dark brown by pigmentation (Fig. 9 A–C). Holotype 20.7 mm long, 900 µm wide at VIII and 960 µm at the clitellum, fixed, 83 segments. Body length of paratypes 27–42 mm, width 850–1000 µm at VIII and 1005– 1050 µm at clitellum, in vivo. Length of fixed specimens 20–39 mm, width 900–1050 µm at VIII and 960–1250 µm at clitellum. Segments 60–84. Strong external segmentation at body end (Fig. 10 C). Chaetae sigmoid with nodulus. Chaetal formula: 2,3,4 – 3,2,4,5,(6): 4,5,6,2,3 – 4,5,6,(7,3,2). Chaetae mostly unequal in size within the bundle: in ventral bundles a gradual increase in length towards the ventral midline and in lateral bundles increase to the dorsal direction. The length of the longest chaetae gradually increasing from II to VI (from 100 or 125 x 8–10 µm to 150–170 x 9–10 µm). From VII to XI only 3 or 2 chaetae in ventral bundles (rarely 4 in XI), they are larger and stronger (200–240 x 15–18 µm). Chaetae of lateral bundles smaller and thinner than ventrals (about 103–150 x 10–12 µm). Postclitellarly longest chaetae measuring 150–190 x 9–10 µm. Chaetae in XII absent. Head pore at 0/I, a large transverse slit (Figs. 9 C, 10A). Clitellum girdle-shaped in 1/ 2XI –XIV, extending over 2.5–3 segments (up to four segments, slide No. 1149), gland cells small in reticulate pattern, also between bursal slits (Figs. 10 B, 11B). In one case gonadal region shifted forwards by 4 segments: clitellum in 1/ 2VII –1/ 2X, bursal slits in VIII (paratype P.107.7 slide No. 1163a). Thickness of body wall about 80–150 µm, depending on state of sexual maturity, cuticle about 1–2 µm, fixed.</p><p>Brain incised anteriorly and slightly convex posteriorly, slightly longer than wide (about 150 x 180 µm, fixed) (Figs. 6 H, 10A). Two pairs of primary pharyngeal glands (in 4/5–5/6), not united dorsally, and two or three (four in the holotype) pairs of secondary pharyngeal glands in V–VI or V–VII (VIII); the secondary glands lobed (Fig. 10 E). Yellow-brownish chloragocytes (Fig. 9 A,D) from IV, about 20–25 µm long, fixed. Dorsal blood vessel from XXIII–XXV, anterior bifurcation in I, blood pale reddish. Five pairs of preclitellar nephridia (Fig. 10 D) from 6/7 to 10/11, anteseptale funnel only, postseptale lobed with folded canal, no interstitial tissue, efferent duct arising between the lobes. Oesophageal and intestinal appendages or diverticula absent. Coelomocytes only mucocytes, lemon-shaped, with granula, in cell aggregations light yellowish in vivo, small, size of cells 16–21 µm.</p><p>Sperm sac (Fig. 9 A,B) extending backwards to XXII–XXX, egg sack to XXV–XLI. In sperm sack many sperm bundles (Fig. 10 F), about 88–110 µm long, with spermatozoal heads at one end, 26–30 µm long and 23–28 µm wide (Fig. 6 I). Sperm funnel thick-walled, about 500–600 µm long and 2 times as long as wide, fixed, the collar widely opened and bending outwards (Fig. 11 C), often longer on side. Sperm duct very long, reaching as far as XV–XVII, loosely coiled, diameter 35–40 µm, fixed; diamaeter gradually increasing towards atrium. Maximum width of atrium 90–120 µm, here joined by 5–6 very large atrial glands (prostate glands), usually 250–350 µm long, up to 600–700 µm (Figs. 6 K, 10H, 11A). The atrium connects through a duct (120–210 µm long and 40–45 µm wide, fixed) with the male copulatory organ, which is surrounded by many accessory copulatory glands of different size (Figs. 6 K, 10G, 11A). The everted bursa may be remarkable (Fig. 11 A). Bursal slits large, irregular, transversal, in XII (Fig. 11 B). Subneural glands absent. Spermathecae (Figs. 6 J, 9D, 11D,E): ectal ducts long (400– 820 µm long and 40–65 µm wide), devoid of glands. Spermathecal pores in 4/ 5 in lateral position as wavy transverse gaps (Fig. 11 F). Ampullae mostly in VI but sometimes in V or VII. Lengths of ectal ducts often unequal, e.g. when one ampulla lies in V and the other one in VI or VII. Ducts projecting deeply into the cup-shaped ampullae (their length inside ampulla 150–200 µm, width at the end about 50 µm) (Figs. 6 J, 11E). Ampullae 250– 350 µm long, 200–260 µm wide. Ectal end of ampullae with an ectally oriented collar of about 7–9 pointed diverticula of various length (100–200 µm) (Figs. 6 J, 11D,E). In one case (slide No. 1155) we can see these diverticula from above and count the number of diverticula (Fig 9 E). Spermatozoa appear to be hanging out from the wall of diverticula (Fig. 9 F). Ampullae continuing entally into a flexible elongate bag which ends in VI or VII, here apparently connected to the oesophagus. Eggsack with submature eggs only.</p><p>Distribution and habitat. In Korea site 1: College of Agriculture &amp; Life Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 35º50'59.0"N 127º07'56.4"E, 55 m asl, woodland; site 8: Mt. Cheontae, Yeongdong-gun, Cheungcheongnam-do 36º09'29.8"N 127º36'49.8"E, 248 m asl, forest; site 11: Sulchon-myeon, Muju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 35º59'28.7"N 127º50'46.8"E, 544 m asl, mixed forest.</p><p>Differential diagnosis. Up to now, seven valid species of Mesenchytraeus have been reported with enlarged ventral chaetae: M. tetrapodus Timm &amp; Popchenko, 1978, M. crenobius Timm, 1994, M. kontrimavichusi Piper et al., 1982, M. gigachaetus Xie, 2012 (a replacement name for M. megachaetus Shen et al., 2011), M. longiductus Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas, 2012, M. anisodiverticulatus Shen et al., 2012, and M. monodiverticulatus Shen et al., 2012 . The main differences between these species and the new species are as follows: M. kontrimavichusi is smaller (12 mm long, 53 segments), spermathecae have one diverticulum each, and there is no atrium; M. crenobius has two spermathecal diverticula and the dorsal blood vessel origin in the clitellar region. M. tetrapodus has only one enlarged chaeta per ventral bundle, six pairs of preclitellar nephridia and the spermathecae attached to the oesophagus in IX–X; M. gigachaetus is smaller (10–13 mm long, 31–50 segments) and without atrial glands; the spermathecae of M. anisodiverticulatus have two asymmetrical diverticula with short ental ducts attached to the oesophagus in V, and atrial glands are absent; M. monodiverticulatus is smaller (6–10 mm, 39–58 segments), has more (4–5) enlarged chaetae in V–VI, one spermathecal diverticulum, and no atrial glands. M. longiductus is smaller (7.5–15 mm long, 48-55 segments), spermathecae are onion-shaped devoid of diverticula, and there are only two large atrial glands (Timm 1994; Timm &amp; Popchenko 1978; Piper et al. 1982; Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas 2012; Shen et al. 2011, 2012a, b; Xie 2012). The spermathecae of M. mirabilis Eisen, 1878 are slightly similar to the spermathecae of the new species, but the ectal ducts are very short and the diverticula are roundish, moreover enlarged chaetae are absent (Eisen 1879; Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas 1999).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F8793681BFFCFFF3BFE78FC44AF93	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936806FFCFFF3BF9B5FC7BADE7.text	304F87936806FFCFFF3BF9B5FC7BADE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fridericia peregrinabunda Michaelsen 1913	<div><p>Fridericia peregrinabunda Michaelsen, 1913</p><p>(Figure 12, A–C)</p><p>NIBRIV0000323338. Two adult specimens in 70 % ethanol. The main traits of our specimens are identical with the redescription of Schmelz (2003): two chaetae per bundle, five pairs of nephridia preclitellarly, chylus cells in XIII–XV, sperm funnel relatively small, large seminal vesicle and the type of spermatheca (Fig. 12 A,B), but our specimens are larger (20–25 mm long with 60–80 segment vs. 10–18 mm long and 60–70 segments in Schmelz (2003)). New traits, not mentioned until now: origin of dorsal vessel in XIX–XXI, coelomo-mucocytes roundish or oval, 35–60 µm long, with a characteristic thickened cell border (Fig. 12 C), lenticytes 7–8 µm long, in vivo. F. peregrinabunda was found as new for Korea in 2009 (An &amp; Yang 2009).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936806FFCFFF3BF9B5FC7BADE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936807FFC9FF3BF911FB83AAAB.text	304F87936807FFC9FF3BF911FB83AAAB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enchytraeus christenseni Dozsa-Farkas 1992	<div><p>Enchytraeus christenseni Dózsa-Farkas, 1992</p><p>(Figure 12, F–I)</p><p>NIBRIV0000320528, NIBRIV0000320529, slides 2019, 2020, two adult, fixed specimens whole-mounted in Euparal. The Korean specimens agree with the description in Schmelz &amp; Collado (2010): small worm (2.3–4.3 mm long and 190–290 µm wide at VIII and 230–340 µm at clitellum, fixed, 24–30 segments). Chaetal formula: 2 – 2,3: 3 – 3. One pair oesophageal appendages. Sperm sack, sperm funnel (Fig. 12 I) and male copulatory organ small (Fig. 12 G). Coelomocytes with refractile vesicles (Fig. 12 H). Clitellum saddle shaped (Fig. 12 G). Spermathecal ectal ducts with uniform small glands on its entire length, the ducts longer than the spherical ampullae, ental ducts with separate openings into the oesophagus (Fig. 12 F). New for the Korean fauna.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936807FFC9FF3BF911FB83AAAB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936807FFCEFF3BFF7BFA88AB30.text	304F87936807FFCEFF3BFF7BFA88AB30.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fridericia seoraksani Christensen & Dozsa-Farkas 2012	<div><p>Fridericia seoraksani Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas, 2012</p><p>(Figure 12, D,E)</p><p>This species was published as new for the enchytraeid fauna of Korea by Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas (2012). We found specimens at sites 1, 8, 11 and 12, their morphology corresponded to the original description (Fig. 12 D–E). However, molecular results show that F. seoraksani is possibly a species complex (see below, discussion).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936807FFCEFF3BFF7BFA88AB30	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936800FFC9FF3BFC89FEE2AE63.text	304F87936800FFC9FF3BFC89FEE2AE63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Achaeta	<div><p>Achaeta spp.</p><p>We found two Achaeta species: one with and another one without pyriform glands. Unfortunately there were very few individuals present in the samples and it was not possible to study all characters, so the first species was named only Achaeta sp. The second species had many traits in common with A. brevivasa Graefe, 1980, and is described in the following.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936800FFC9FF3BFC89FEE2AE63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936800FFC9FF3BFB68FE80AC19.text	304F87936800FFC9FF3BFB68FE80AC19.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Achaeta brevivasa Graefe 1980	<div><p>Achaeta cf. brevivasa Graefe, 1980</p><p>(Figure 13, A,B)</p><p>NIBRIV0000320532, NIBRIV0000320533, slides 1084, 1085. Two adult fixed and stained specimens, collected from site 11. Segment number 20–23, length 3.1–3.5 mm, in vivo, 2.1–2.7 mm long and about 200–210 µm wide, fixed. Pyriform glands absent, lentiform epidermal glands not detected. Clitellum and male openings in XII. Clitellum with 6 baguette-rows of hyalocytes; between rows, at the edges, granulocytes present (Fig. 13 B). Brain 65–75 µm long (fixed) and about 1.5 times longer than wide, rounded posteriorly. Coelomocytes rounded, about 44 µm long. One pair small secondary pharyngeal glands in VI, not well visible. Two pairs preclitellar nephridia in 6/ 7, 7/8. Sperm funnels small, 40–50 µm long and 20–21 µm wide. Spermathecae in V, about 65–75 µm long in vivo (Fig.13 A). The whole mounts are unfortunately not of good quality; secondary pharyngeal glands could not be seen with certainty, and lentiform epidermal glands were not detected, either. For these reasons we added a "cf." to the species name.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936800FFC9FF3BFB68FE80AC19	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936800FFC9FF3BFD5EFD71A941.text	304F87936800FFC9FF3BFD5EFD71A941.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enchytraeus buchholzi Vejdovsky 1879	<div><p>Enchytraeus buchholzi Vejdovský, 1879 sensu lato</p><p>Recent description in Schmelz &amp; Collado (2010).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936800FFC9FF3BFD5EFD71A941	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936800FFC9FF3BFEA0FE85A80C.text	304F87936800FFC9FF3BFEA0FE85A80C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Enchytraeus dichaetus Schmelz & Collado 2010	<div><p>Enchytraeus dichaetus Schmelz &amp; Collado, 2010</p><p>NIBRIV0000320530, NIBRIV0000320531. Two adult specimens in 70 % ethanol. Our observations agree with Rota and Healy's (1994) original description: small species 4–7 mm long with 26–35 segments. Only two chaetae per bundle, three pairs of pharyngeal glands, all separate dorsally. Coelomocytes without refractile vesicles. Dorsal blood vessel rising in clitellar region. Sperm funnel small, the long spermathecal ectal duct covered halfway with small glands. Some specimens were athecal as observed previously by Schmelz &amp; Collado (2010). New for the Korean fauna.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936800FFC9FF3BFEA0FE85A80C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
304F87936800FFC8FF3BF972FB1BAB13.text	304F87936800FFC8FF3BF972FB1BAB13.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Henlea	<div><p>Henlea sp.</p><p>(Figure 13, C–I)</p><p>The investigated specimens are very similar to H. ventriculosa in the following: size (8–12 mm, 40–44 segments), intestinal diverticula in VIII, with large cavity inside (Fig. 13 C,D), dorsal vessel origin in IX, 7 pairs of preclitellar nephridia. However, the maximum of chaetae in a bundle is only 6–7 (in H. ventriculosa often 8–10 chaetae are the maximum), the coelomocytes are often slightly rounder than is usual in H. ventriculosa (Dózsa-Farkas, personal observation), and light brown (Fig. 13 E). The main difference to H. ventriculosa as known from Europe (Dózsa- Farkas, personal observation) are a shorter spermathecal ectal duct and wider spermathecal ampullae (Fig. 13 H,I).</p><p>The sperm funnels collars are also slightly higher and wider. Some specimens slightly resemble H. groenlandica Černosvitov, 1929 (revalidated by Christensen &amp; Dózsa-Farkas 2006) in the shape of the spermatheca and the sperm funnel collar, although it is much wider in the latter species.</p><p>Molecular analyses show that this Henlea species from Korea is clearly separated from H. ventriculosa (specimens from Hungary) and from H. groenlandica (specimens from Svalbard), see below.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/304F87936800FFC8FF3BF972FB1BAB13	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára;Felföldi, Tamás;Hong, Yong	Dózsa-Farkas, Klára, Felföldi, Tamás, Hong, Yong (2015): New enchytraeid species (Enchytraeidae, Oligochaeta) from Korea. Zootaxa 4006 (1): 171-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4006.1.9
