taxonID	type	description	language	source
372887D0FF84FFEFFF36FF5BC60AF91E.taxon	description	(Figs. 2 A, B; 3 A – C and 4 A, B)	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
372887D0FF84FFEFFF36FF5BC60AF91E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male imago: 1) general coloration orangish brown (Figs. 2 A, B); 2) hind wing with costal projection forming a right angle, located approximately 2 / 3 distance from base to apex of wing (Figs. 3 B, C); 3) penis projection spine-like, short (less than the half of total length of penis lobes), slightly directed laterally (Figs. 4 A, B); 5) penis lobes with a medial knob between them (Fig. 4 B).	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
372887D0FF84FFEFFF36FF5BC60AF91E.taxon	description	Description Male imago LENGTH: body: 6.2 mm; forewing: 6.0 mm; hind wing: 0.9 mm. HEAD. Dorsal region dark brown, with black marks; ventral region brown. Upper portion of compound eyes reddish, lower portion black (Fig. 2 A). Scape and pedicel brown, flagellum whitish brown. THORAX. Pronotum dark brown, washed with black on posterior margin. Mesonotum light brown; longitudinal medial, anterolateral scutal, lateroparapsidal and medioparapsidal sutures light brown; posterior scutal protuberance, scuto-scutellar impression and scutellum dark brown. Pleura light brown washed with dark brown; membranous area yellowish. Metanotum brown, washed with black on posterior margin (Figs. 2 A, B). Sterna light brown, sutures dark brown. Wings membrane hyaline. Forewing with longitudinal veins whitish yellow and cross veins translucent; costal brace and base of veins C, Sc and anal section dark brown; fork of vein MP slightly asymmetric (Fig. 3 A). Hind wing with costal projection developed, forming right angle located approximately 2 / 3 distance from base to apex of wing (Figs. 3 B, C); longitudinal and cross veins yellowish brown; base of costal region and almost entire lower portion of hind wing black; costal region translucent (Fig. 3 C). Legs: Coxae and trochanters yellowish brown; femur light brown with blackish line on ventral margin; tibia basally light brown, remainder whitish; tarsi whitish. ABDOMEN. Terga orangish brown (Fig. 2 B). Terga I, VIII – IX completely light brown, except tergum I washed with black; terga II – VII with anterior and lateral margins whitish; terga VIII – X with black triangular area medially (Fig. 2 B). Sterna light brown. Genitalia (Figs. 4 A, B). Styliger plate dark brown. Forceps segment I yellowish brown, segments II and III lighter; basal region of segment I with small concavity. Segment II 0.09 length of segment I, 0.96 length of segment III. Penis lobes whitish, fused on basal half, each lobe rounded apically, separated by distance greater than width of one penis lobe, with spine-like, short (less than the half of total length of penis lobes) telopenis slightly laterally directed; ventral region of penis lobes with well-marked sclerotized region; inner margins of lobes divergent, with medial knob between them (Fig. 4 B). Female and immature stages. Unknown. Etymology. After Pacaraima, the municipality where this species was collected. Material examined. Holotype: BRAZIL, ♂ imagO; ROraima, Pacaraima, RiO Surumu; 04 ° 15´08.63 ″ N, 61 ° 01´50.75 ″ W; alt. 168 m; 11. X. 2015; BOlDrini, R. BarrOsO, P. C. S. SantOs, G. C.; light shEEt; UFRR. Discussion. Simothraulopsis pacaraima sp. nov. has morphological similarities with S. inequalis Nascimento, Salles & Hamada, 2017 in the male genitalia. In both species the penis projection is lanceolate, narrowing towards apex, short (less than the half of total length of penis lobes) and laterally directed. Besides, the ventral aspect of the penis lobes has a well-marked sclerotized region. However, both species can be distinguished by features of the distal margin of the hind wing (truncated in S. inequalis and rounded in the new species), by the abdominal terga color (orangish in the both species, but, terga VIII – X with a black triangular area medially in S. pacaraima, and tergum X with a black band in S. inequalis), and by the presence of a medial knob between the penis lobes of this new species.	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
372887D0FF84FFEBFF36F8B7C5C7FA3F.taxon	description	(Figs. 2 C, D, 3 D – F and 4 C, D)	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
372887D0FF84FFEBFF36F8B7C5C7FA3F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Male imago: 1) general coloration grayish brown (Figs. 2 C, D); 2) hind wing with costal projection forming a right angle, located approximately 1 / 2 distance from base to apex of wing (Figs. 3 E, F); 3) telopenis spine-like, mid sized (less than the half of total length of penis lobes), and ventrally directed with apex bent outward (Figs. 4 C, D); 5) penis lobes fused in their basal 1 / 3, with a well-marked sclerotized region; each lobe laterally swollen and protruding on the inner margin (Fig. 4 D).	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
372887D0FF84FFEBFF36F8B7C5C7FA3F.taxon	description	Description Male imago LENGTH: body: 3.9 – 4.7 mm; forewing: 4.7 – 4.9 mm; hind wing: 0.6 mm. HEAD. Dorsal region dark brown, with black marks; ventral region light brown. Upper portion of compound eyes reddish brown, lower portion black (Fig. 2 C). Scape and pedicel yellowish translucent, flagellum whitish translucent. THORAX. Pronotum dark brown; with medial and lateral black stripes. Mesonotum dark brown; longitudinal medial, anterolateral scutal, lateroparapsidal and medioparapsidal sutures light brown; posterior scutal protuberance, scuto-scutellar impression and scutellum dark brown. Pleura brown, washed with dark brown; membranous area yellowish. Metanotum dark brown (Figs. 2 C, D). Sterna light brown, sutures darker. Wings membrane hyaline. Forewing with longitudinal veins light brown and cross veins translucent; costal brace and base of veins C, Sc and anal section dark brown; fork of vein MP slightly asymmetric (Fig. 3 D). Hind wing with costal projection developed, forming right angle, located approximately 1 / 2 distance from base to apex of wing (Figs. 3 E, F); longitudinal and cross veins yellowish brown, except basal part of costal and subcostal vein; distal lower portion of hind wing black (Fig. 3 E). Coxae and trochanters brown. Leg. I: femur light brown with blackish line on ventral margin; tibia whitish, with blackish basal band; tarsi whitish. Legs II and III similar to leg I, except tibia brownish and tarsi yellowish. ABDOMEN. Terga grayish brown (Fig. 2 D). Terga I, VIII – IX completely grayish brown; terga II – VII with anterior and anterolateral margins whitish; tergum X brown (Figs. 2 C, D). Sterna whitish translucent; sterna IV – VII with lateral area brownish; sterna VIII – X brown. Genitalia (Figs. 4 C, D). Styliger plate brown. Forceps segment I darkish brown, segments II and III lighter. Segment II 0.15 x length of segment I and 1.0 x length of segment III. Penis lobes yellowish, fused in their basal 1 / 3; each lobe rounded apically, separated by distance smaller than width of one penis lobe, with ventral spine-like telopenis, mid-sized (approximately half of the total length of penis lobes), ventrally directed with apex bent outward; ventral region of penis lobes with well-marked sclerotized region; each lobe laterally swollen and protruding on inner margin (Fig. 4 D). Female and immature stages. Unknown.	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
372887D0FF84FFEBFF36F8B7C5C7FA3F.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species is named in honor of Rainor Abensour de Souza (Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade) who helped during the collection of the type specimens.	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
372887D0FF84FFEBFF36F8B7C5C7FA3F.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype: BRAZIL ♂; ROraima, AltO AlEgrE, FlOrEsta NaciOnal DE ROraima, RiO Mucajaí; 02 ° 56´18.05 ″ N / 61 ° 37´27.28 ″ W; 20. XII. 2017 – 05. I. 2018, MalaisE trap., BOlDrini, R. cOl. Paratype: ♂, SamE Data as holotype.	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
372887D0FF84FFEBFF36F8B7C5C7FA3F.taxon	discussion	Discussion. Simothraulopsis rainori sp. nov. has morphological similarities with S. demerara and S. sabalo, sharing characteristics such as the shape of the penis lobes and having a mid-sized, spine-like telopenis on penis lobes. Imagos of S. rainori sp. nov., however, can be distinguished from them by the abdominal terga color (terga II – VII with anterior and anterolateral margins whitish in S. pacaraima, and terga II – V with anterior and anterolateral margins whitish S. inequalis), and by the spine-like telopenis being ventrally directed with apex bent outward (anteriorly projected in other two species), ventral region of penis lobes with a well-marked sclerotized region and laterally swollen and protruding on the inner margin.	en	Boldrini, Rafael, Lima, Lucas Ramos Costa, Oliveira, Ismael Barreto De, Boldrini, Bianca Maira De Paiva Ottoni, Salles, Frederico Falcão (2022): Two new species of Simothraulopsis Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Roraima State, northern Brazil. Zootaxa 5213 (3): 279-286, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.3.5
