identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
C47C782939545964ACF85E7AC8AC03FE.text	C47C782939545964ACF85E7AC8AC03FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laccaria carminostipes Y. D. Xu & Z. M. He 2025	<div><p>Laccaria carminostipes Y. D. Xu &amp; Z. M. He sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 a – c, 3, 6 a, b</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>‘ carminostipes ’ (Latin), referring to the carmine stipe surface.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>L. carminostipes exhibits a red-brown to orange-brown, translucent-striate pileus, salmon-pink adnate lamellae, a carmine equalstipe, globose to subglobose echinulate basidiospores, and a loosely interwoven pileipellis.</p><p>Type.</p><p>China • Hunan Province: Sangzhi County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.69583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.69583/lat 29.65)">Badagongshan National Nature Reserve</a>, at 29.65000°N, 109.695833°E, alt. 1742 m, in broad forest with trees of Fagaceae and bamboo, 29 July 2019, Z. H. Chen 31553 (MHHNU 31553, holotype) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata small to medium-sized. Pileus 15–45 mm in diam, applanate to plano-concave, umbilicate, surface always fibrillose, sometimes missing, red-brown (7 B 6–7) to orange-brown (6 A 5–7), becoming darker with age, subhygrophanous; margin slightly translucent-striate. Lamellae adnate, distant, salmon-pink (7 A 3), narrow (about 2 mm high), entire, ventricose. Stipe 70–90 × 3–7 mm, central, equal, hollow, often slightly flexible, carmine (7 C 6–8); surface with indistinct to distinct whitish fibrillose coating; base with white (1 A 1) tomentum. Context thin, whitish (2 A 1) to brownish (5 A 2).</p><p>Basidiospores [100 / 4 / 4] (6.5) 7–9 (9.5) × (6) 6.5–8 (8.5) μm, Q = (0.88) 0.96–1.18 (1.33), Qm = 1.04 ± 0.08, mostly globose to subglobose, sometimes broadly ellipsoid, inamyloid, cyanophilous, echinulate; spines up to 1 μm long, ≤ 1 μm broad at base, distant; hilar appendix 1.0–1.8 μm long, prominent, truncate. Basidia 38–46 × 10–13 μm, clavate, mostly 4 - spored, rarely 2 - spored; sterigmata 6–8 μm long. Pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia not seen. Lamellar trama regular to subregular, composed of filamentous hyphae 3–6 μm wide. Pileipellis a cutis; hyphae loosely interwoven, thin-walled, cylindrical, 8–10 μm wide, in place with erect ends, with a brownish (3 A 2) intracellular pigment. Stipitipellis a cutis, composed of parallel to interwoven, thin-walled, cylindrical hyphae 3–8 μm wide, with some exserted inflated ends. Clamp connections present in all parts of basidiomata.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Always gregarious, under the trees of Fagaceae, in montane coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests; summer (Jul. – Aug.).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known from the subtropical zones of China.</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>China • Hunan Province, Sangzhi County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.69583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.65" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.69583/lat 29.65)">Badagongshan National Nature Reserve</a>, at 29.65000°N, 109.695833°E, alt. 1740 m, 29 July 2019, Z. H. Chen 31552 (MHHNU 31552) ; • Sangzhi County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=109.7625&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.755" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 109.7625/lat 29.755)">Badagongshan National Nature Reserve</a>, at 29.755000°N, 109.762500°E, alt. 1592 m, under trees of Fagaceae, 27 July 2020, Z. H. Chen 34706 (MHHNU 34706) ; • Yunnan Province, Jingdong Yi Autonomous County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.27333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=23.490278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.27333/lat 23.490278)">Ailao Mountain</a>, at 23.490278°N, 100.273333°E, alt. 2550 m, under trees of Quercus, 8 August 2024, P. Zhang 5444 (MHHNU 11944) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Laccaria rubroalba and L. carminnostipes are characterized by medium-sized reddish basidiomata with a transluscent-striate pileus, but the former can be distinguished from the latter by having longer spines (1.2–2.7 μm long in L. rubroalba vs. up to 1 μm long in L. carminnostipes) and the presence of pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia (Luo et al. 2016). Laccaria cinnabarina J. Li &amp; Y. Y. Cui is similar to L. carminnostipes by the reddish-brown stipes, but differs by its larger pileus (10–90 mm in L. cinnabarina vs. 15–45 mm in L. carminnostipes) and stronger spines (2 × 2 μm in L. cinnabarina vs. 1 × 1 μm in L. carminnostipes) (Li et al. 2024). Laccaria macrobasidia H. J. Cho &amp; Y. W. Lim may sometimes be confused with L. carminnostipes, due to the similarity in size and color of their basidiomata. However, the two species can be differentiated based on the following diagnostic characteristics: basidiospores (9–11 × 8–10 μm in L. macrobasidia vs. 7–9 × 6.5–8 μm in L. carminnostipes), basidia (52–80 × 11–15 μm in L. macrobasidia vs. 38–46 × 10–13 μm in L. carminnostipes), pleurocystidia (present in L. macrobasidia, absent in L. carminnostipes), and the occurrence ( L. macrobasidia in temperate forests, L. carminnostipes in subtropical forests) (Cho et al. 2020).</p><p>According to our phylogenetical analysis (Fig. 1), L. carminostipes (Species 38) could be most closely related to L. fagacicola (Species 37), L. darjeelingensis (Species 36), and L. aurantiaca (Species 35). Laccaria fagacicola can be distinguished from L. carminostipes by the presence of abundant cheilocystidia (Cui et al. 2021). Laccaria darjeelingensis differs by its dull red pileus and possesses both pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia (Thapa et al. 2024). Laccaria aurantiaca displays longer spines (0.7–1.8 μm vs. ≤ 1.0 μm in L. carminostipes) and produces pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia (Tang et al. 2025). Our phylogenetic analysis shows the placement of the sample GMM 6585 within the clade of L. carminostipes (Species 38, 99 % BP, 1.00 PP, pairwise identity values of ITS = 99.84 %), suggest that this specimen might be L. carminostipes .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C47C782939545964ACF85E7AC8AC03FE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Xu, You-Di;Zhang, Ping;Chen, Zuo-Hong;He, Zheng-Mi	Xu, You-Di, Zhang, Ping, Chen, Zuo-Hong, He, Zheng-Mi (2025): Three new species and two new records of the genus Laccaria (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from subtropical China based on morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic evidence. MycoKeys 123: 147-170, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.123.156526
A583755F1E1D5D26B8FBB2779C6CF47F.text	A583755F1E1D5D26B8FBB2779C6CF47F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laccaria mangshanensis Y. D. Xu & Z. M. He 2025	<div><p>Laccaria mangshanensis Y. D. Xu &amp; Z. M. He sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 d – f, 4, 6 c, d</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>‘ mangshanensis ’ referring to the locality of the holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Laccaria mangshanensis has a pale rosy, hemispherical, radially translucent-striate pileus, pinkish adnate lamellae, a reddish equal stipe, globose to subglobose echinulate basidiospores, and cheilocystidia.</p><p>Type.</p><p>China • Hunan Province: Yizhang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.72195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.72195/lat 24.866667)">Mangshan National Nature Reserve</a>, at 24.866667°N, 112.721944°E, alt. 1200 m, 28 July 2016, P. Zhang 2350 (MHHNU 8850, holotype) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata small. Pileus 10–30 mm in diam, convex to hemispherical, centrally depressed, surface tomentose, dry, not hygrophanous, reddish-brown (7 A 5) to rosy (7 A 6) when young, then fading to pink-beige (7 A 2); margin strongly striate, rugulose-striate or rugulose-sulcate, involute to inflexed. Lamellae adnate, distant, pinkish (7 A 2) to white (1 A 1), narrow (about 2 mm high), entire, ventricose. Stipe 20–70 × 2–5 mm, central, equal, hollow, obviously flexible, reddish (7 B 5) to dull red (7 C 6), surface with distinct whitish fibrillose coating, base with white (1 A 1) tomentum. Context thin, whitish (2 A 1).</p><p>Basidiospores [100 / 4 / 2] (6.5) 7–8.5 (10) × (6) 6.5–8.5 (9) μm, Q = (0.86) 0.93–1.18 (1.31), Qm = 1.05 ± 0.08, mostly globose to subglobose, thin-walled, inamyloid, cyanophilous, hyaline, echinulate, spines (0.5) 1–1.2 (1.5) μm long, 0.3–0.8 (1) in width, subdistant; hilar appendix 0.8–1.5 μm long, subtruncate. Basidia 38–47 × 10–13 μm, 4 - spored, clavate, sharply narrowed, thin-walled, hyaline; sterigmata up to 9 μm long. Pleurocystidia lacking. Cheilocystidia 25–55 × 3–5 μm, filamentous to narrowly clavate, flexuose, thin-walled, hyphae, abundant. Lamellar trama regular to subregular; hyphae cylindrical, hyaline, thin- walled, 3–8 μm wide. Pileipellis a cutis, composed of thin-walled, interwoven, cylindrical hyphae 4–10 μm wide, with exserted ends, hyphae. Stipitipellis a cutis, composed of appressed, parallel, thin- to slightly thick-walled (ca. 0.5 μm) hyphae. Clamp connections present in all parts of basidiomata.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Single, in clusters or in groups, on soil, under the trees of Fagaceae, in subtropical montane coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest, summer (Jul.).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known from Central China.</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>China • Hunan Province: Yizhang County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=112.72195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.869722" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 112.72195/lat 24.869722)">Mangshan National Nature Reserve</a>, at 24.869722°N, 112.721944°E, alt. 1200 m, 29 July 2016, P. Zhang 2356 (MHHNU 8856) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Laccaria fengkaiensis F. Liand L. mangshanensis share pale red to pastel red basidiomata, but the former can be distinguished from the latter by the larger pileus (50–90 mm pileus width vs. 10–30 mm in L. mangshanensis), smaller basidiospores (5–6 × 5–6 μm vs. 7–8.5 × 6.5–8.5 μm in L. mangshanensis), and the presence of pileocystidia (Li 2020). However, the phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1) suggests that L. mangshanensis represents a well-supported clade with strong support (Species 41, 94 % BP, 0.94 PP), and is clearly separated from L. fengkaiensis (Species 65).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A583755F1E1D5D26B8FBB2779C6CF47F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Xu, You-Di;Zhang, Ping;Chen, Zuo-Hong;He, Zheng-Mi	Xu, You-Di, Zhang, Ping, Chen, Zuo-Hong, He, Zheng-Mi (2025): Three new species and two new records of the genus Laccaria (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from subtropical China based on morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic evidence. MycoKeys 123: 147-170, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.123.156526
7DE4296073A25B488C29C5CB0A941462.text	7DE4296073A25B488C29C5CB0A941462.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Laccaria sinolateritia Y. D. Xu & Z. M. He 2025	<div><p>Laccaria sinolateritia Y. D. Xu &amp; Z. M. He sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 g – i, 5, 6e, f</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>‘ sino ’ referring to China, ‘ lateritia ’ (Latin) referring to its red to brownish orange fruiting body.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Laccaria sinolateritia is characterized by brownish red basidiomata, globose to subglobose echinulate basidiospores, and the presence of pileocystidia and caulocystidia.</p><p>Type.</p><p>China • Yunnan Province: Jingdong Yi Autonomous County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.05944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.904444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.05944/lat 24.904444)">Ailaoshan</a>, at 24.904444°N, 101.059444°E, alt. 2500 m, 8 August 2024, P. Zhang 5456 (MHHNU 11956, holotype) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata small to medium-sized. Pileus 10–40 mm in diam, at first convex, then plano-concave to concave; surface tomentose, brownish red (6 B 4), subhygrophanous; translucent-striate or rugulose-sulcate, straight, undulate with age. Lamellae distant, entire, adnate, broad (about 5 mm high), ventricose, concolorous with pileus surface. Stipe 35–50 × 1–3 mm, brownish red (6 B 4), equal, broadly fistulose; surface covered with whitish (2 A 1) longitudinal fibrils; base with a whitish (2 A 1) mycelium. Context brownish (6 A 4).</p><p>Basidiospores [100 / 4 / 2] (7) 7.5–10 (10.5) × (7) 7.5–10 (10.5) μm, Q = (0.90) 0.91–1.07 (1.11), Qm = 1.00 ± 0.05, mostly globose, hyaline, echinulate; spines 2–2.5 (3) μm long, ca. (1) 1.5–2 μm wide at base, crowded; hilar appendix 1.3–2.5 long, prominent, subtruncate. Basidia 40–58 × 12–14 μm, with 4 sterigmata up to 12 μm long, hyaline, subcylindrical to clavate. Pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia not seen. Lamellar trama subregular to interwoven; hyphae cylindrical, hyaline, thin-walled, 2–6 (7) μm wide. Pileipellis a cutis, hyphae cylindrical, 8–10 (12) μm in diameter with some hyphal ends, subregular to interwoven. Pileocystidia abundant, 25–45 × 5–15 μm, cylindrical to clavate, vertically to subvertically arrange, scattered to aggregating into clusters on the pileus surface. Stipitipellisa cutis, composed of cylindrical hyphae 5–10 (11.5) μm wide with abundant caulocystidia, thin- to thick-walled (≤ 0.5 μm). Caulocystidia 37.5–55 (67.5) × 7.5–9.5 (10) μm, clavate, scattered to aggregating into clusters on the stipitipellis surface. Clamp connections present in all parts of basidiomata.</p><p>Ecology.</p><p>Gregarious, under the trees of Fagaceae, in subtropical montane forests, summer (Aug.).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Known from the subtropical zones of China.</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>China • Yunnan Province: Jingdong Yi Autonomous County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=101.05944&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=24.904444" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 101.05944/lat 24.904444)">Ailaoshan</a>, at 24.904444°N, 101.059444°E, alt. 2500 m, 8 August 2024, P. Zhang 5458 (MHHNU 11958) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Macroscopically, L. lateritia Malençon and L. sinolateritia are easily confused. For instance, they share similar-sized basidiomata, reddish-brown pileus and similar-sized basidiospores (7.5–10.5 × 7.5–10.5 µm in L. lateritia vs. 7.5–10 × 7.5–10 µm in L. sinolateritia). However, L. lateritia can be distinguished by the production of 2 - spored basidia, shorter spines (± 1 μm high vs. 2–2.5 μm high in L. sinolateritia) and the presence of cheilocystidia (Cooper 2015). Additionally, L. darjeelingensis resembles L. sinolateritia in its red basidiomata, but differs in having smaller basidiospores (5.9–7.6 × 5.9–7.6 µm vs. 7.5–10 × 7.5–10 µm in L. sinolateritia) and abundant flexuous pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia (Thapa et al. 2024).</p><p>According to the phylogenetical analysis (Fig. 1), L. subroseoalbescens (species 68) and L. infundibuliformis (species 69) are related to L. sinolateritia (species 67), and form a clade with low support (54 % BP, 0.91 PP). Laccaria subroseoalbescens is characterized by a yellow pileus, the presence of cheilocystidia and pleurocystidia, and the absence of pileocystidia (Tang et al. 2024). Laccaria infundibuliformis differs in its smaller pileus (8–27 mm in diam vs. 10–40 mm in diam in L. sinolateritia), smaller basidia (29–50 × 6–9 µm vs. 40–58 × 12–14 μm in L. sinolateritia), and the absence of pileocystidia (Thapa et al. 2024). The four-locus phylogenetical analysis also supports the identification of the four Chinese samplesKUN-HKAS 83382, GMM 6776, T 168, and T 107 as L. sinolateritia (pairwise identity values of ITS = 99.39 % – 100 %).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7DE4296073A25B488C29C5CB0A941462	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Xu, You-Di;Zhang, Ping;Chen, Zuo-Hong;He, Zheng-Mi	Xu, You-Di, Zhang, Ping, Chen, Zuo-Hong, He, Zheng-Mi (2025): Three new species and two new records of the genus Laccaria (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from subtropical China based on morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic evidence. MycoKeys 123: 147-170, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.123.156526
