taxonID	type	description	language	source
434B8790CE36FFAB9E8AFE1CD1322466.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. In this genus, the basal carina of the pronotum is complete. Although fine, it extends without interruption along the entire posterior margin. Each eye is narrowly separated from the base of the mandible by a distance subequal to the width of the basal maxillary palpomere. Each tibia is armed with a terminal spur. The rectangular lobe at the apex of the male abdomen is conspicuous. The aedeagus is asymmetrical and with the distal portion spatulate (Fig. 1 g – i). This suite of characters distinguishes this genus from other genera. In the three known species, the color pattern is distinctive (Fig. 1 a – c), with five long, dark stripes on each elytron (one sutural, one lateral, and three discal). Using the dichotomous keys of Wilcox (1965), Clark (1998), or Riley et al. (2002), this genus would be identified as Triarius. However, it can be distinguished from that genus by the characters mentioned above.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE36FFAB9E8AFE1CD1322466.taxon	description	Description. Form elongate oval (Fig. 1 a – c). Each frontal tubercle subrectangular, transverse, about twice as wide as long, with acute extension at anterior angle mesad of antennal fossa, narrowly meeting other frontal tubercle at posteromesal angle, delimited laterad by shallow depression, delimited posteriad by abrupt depression; genae short, with length subequal to width of basal maxillary palpomere; eyes separated from antennal fossae by distance subequal to width of antennomere 2; antennae nearly filiform. Pronotum with long seta at each anterior and posterior corner; lateral margins strongly carinate, lined with several short setae; anterior margin lacking carina, with dense row of short setae; posterior margin with narrow carina, lined with dense row of short setae. Elytra with humeri well-developed; basal calli weakly developed, not delimited behind by depression; epipleura broad in basal half, extremely narrow in distal half. Prosternal process narrowly separating front coxae; procoxal cavities open behind. Terminal ventrite of male strongly impressed, with large rectangular lobe at apex. Tibiae each with terminal spur; tarsal claws appendiculate. Aedeagus asymmetrical, with distal portion spatulate (Fig. 1).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE36FFAB9E8AFE1CD1322466.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species. Malacosoma vittipenne Horn, 1893.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE36FFAB9E8AFE1CD1322466.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name of this new genus stems from the similarity to Triarius. It should be treated as a masculine noun.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE36FFAB9E8AFE1CD1322466.taxon	discussion	Comments. We place this genus within the section Scelidites, but the similarity to Triarius is not necessarily demonstrative of a sister relationship. Phylogenetic analysis within the section has not yet been undertaken.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE34FFAC9CFDFE3FD2EF2607.taxon	description	Fig. 1 c, f, i	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE34FFAC9CFDFE3FD2EF2607.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The vittate elytra (Fig. 1 c), in combination with the appendiculate tarsal claws, distinguish this species from others in the similar genus Triarius. Within Triariodes, this new species is externally very similar to T. segonku but is easily distinguished by the distinctive shape of the aedeagus (Fig. 1 i).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE34FFAC9CFDFE3FD2EF2607.taxon	description	Description of Holotype. Form elongate oval (Fig. 1 c); body 6.5 mm long, 3.3 mm wide. Head black; prothorax yellow; scutellum black; elytra yellow, slightly paler than prothorax, with brown vittae; ventral areas largely dark brown, almost black; legs largely dark brown. Head black, except distal portion of clypeus yellow; interocular distance slightly larger than 2 / 3 head width across eyes; posterior area of vertex smooth, shiny, nearly impunctate; anterior portion of vertex near frontal tubercles densely punctate and pubescent; each frontal tubercle glabrous, impunctate, subtriangular, transverse, slightly less than twice as wide as long, nearly contiguous with other frontal tubercle at posteromesal angle but separated by deep sulcus, delimited laterad by gradual depression, delimited posteriad by abrupt depression; mesal frontal ridge narrow, distinctly carinate; raised area of clypeus strongly transverse, about as wide as distance between eyes, only about as long as width of antennomere 1, densely pubescent behind, with row of long setae in front; distal portion of clypeus yellow, very thin, covering posterior portion of labrum; area posterior to eye and anterior to prosternum covered with long, dense, white pubescence; genae very short, with length subequal to width of basal maxillary palpomere, densely covered with comparatively short white setae. Labrum dark brown, rectangular, width 3.8 times as great as length and subequal to distance between lateral margins of antennal fossae, with transverse row of 6 long setae. Mandibles testaceous, tips piceous; maxillary palpi dark brown with pale brown tips, densely setose, acutely pointed towards apex. Eyes oval, each 2.6 times as long as broad, finely facetted, separated from antennal fossa by distance subequal to width of antennomere 2. Antennae nearly filiform, extending to about middle of elytra. Basal 3 antennomeres yellow; distal 8 antennomeres black, covered with dense pubescence, with longer setae near apex of each antennomere; antennomere 1 slightly curved, shiny, rather densely setose, much longer than broad, with length subequal to that of antennomeres 2 and 3 combined; antennomere 2 about half as wide and less than half as long as antennomere 1, uniformly setose; antennomere 3 slightly longer than 2, nearly twice as broad at apex as at base; antennomere 4 nearly as long as antennomere 1, slightly broader at apex than at base; antennomere 5 slightly shorter than antennomere 4, distinctly broader at apex than at base; antennomeres 6 – 10 subequal in length to 5 and to each other, only slightly wider at apex than at base; antennomere 11 subequal in length and slightly narrower than antennomere 10, narrowed distad to acute point, with distal fourth separated from basal portion by shallow groove lined with relatively long setae, therefore nearly appearing to be distinct antennomere, although not freely articulated. Pronotum widest near apical third, greatest width about 1.3 times as great as that of head, posterior portion slightly wider than head; shape transversely arched, surface glabrous, shiny, extremely minutely punctulate, punctures visible only upon close examination; blunt tubercle present at each anterior and posterior corner; lateral margins strongly carinate; anterior margin lacking carina, with dense row of short setae; posterior margin with narrow carina, lined with dense row of short setae. Scutellum black, equilaterally triangular, glabrous, impunctate, shiny. Elytra 5.9 mm long, together about twice as wide as head, distinctly wider than pronotum, 4 times as long as pronotum. Humeri well-developed; basal calli obsolete, not delimited behind by depression; epipleura broad in basal half, extremely narrow in distal half. Discal surface glabrous, minutely, densely punctate, interpunctural areas shiny. Color of each elytron pale yellow with 5 brown, longitudinal stripes; stripe 1 adjacent to suture; stripe 2 very faint, nearly absent; stripe 3 beginning in subhumeral depression, extending to base of apical declivity; stripe 4 beginning behind humerus, extending to base of apical declivity; stripe 5 lateral, occupying epipleuron and adjacent area. Body beneath dark brown, almost black, except prothorax yellow. Ventral areas of prothorax largely glabrous, shiny; anterior margin lined with fringe of long setae; posterior margin lined with comparatively short setae; prosternum anterior to coxae short, length subequal to maximum diameter of antennomere 1; posterior prosternal process very narrowly separating coxae; procoxal cavities open behind. Mesothorax shiny, glabrous. Metathorax densely covered with white pubescence throughout. Abdomen sparsely covered with white pubescence in lateral areas, glabrous or sparsely pubescent in mesal area; terminal ventrite with strong mesal impression in distal half, with large rectangular lobe at apex. Legs dark brown, except front tibiae paler brown; surfaces largely covered by dense white pubescence. Tibiae each with terminal spur. Basal tarsomeres broadened but distinctly narrower than tibial apex; claws appendiculate. Aedeagus strongly asymmetrical, spatulate apically; with spatulate portion subrectangular, about as long as broad (Fig. 1 i).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE34FFAC9CFDFE3FD2EF2607.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. “ MEXICO: Aguascalientes / 15 miles east Calvillo / July 11, 1983 / Kovarik, Harrison, / Schaffner ” (male, TAMU).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE34FFAC9CFDFE3FD2EF2607.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ admiratio ” is a Latin word meaning surprise. It was truly a surprise that this species, which is so similar in appearance to T. segonku, has such a dramatically different aedeagus. The epithet is treated as a noun in apposition.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE34FFAC9CFDFE3FD2EF2607.taxon	discussion	Comments. Although there is only a single specimen, we have no doubt that this species is different from the others.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE33FFAD9C81FCC5D0B024C6.taxon	description	Fig. 1 b, e, h	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE33FFAD9C81FCC5D0B024C6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The vittate elytra (Fig. 1 b), in combination with the appendiculate tarsal claws, distinguish this species from others in the similar genus Triarius. The darkly colored head and femora, in combination with the especially distinctive aedeagus (Fig. 1, h), easily distinguish this from the other known species of Triariodes.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE33FFAD9C81FCC5D0B024C6.taxon	description	Description of Holotype. Form elongate oval (Fig. 1 b); body 6.5 mm long, 2.7 mm wide. Head black; prothorax yellow-orange; scutellum black; elytra yellow with brown vittae; ventral areas largely black; legs bicolored. Head black, except distal portion of clypeus yellow; interocular distance equal to 2 / 3 head width across eyes; posterior area of vertex smooth, shiny, nearly impunctate; anterior portion of vertex near frontal tubercles densely punctate and pubescent; each frontal tubercle glabrous, impunctate, subrectangular, transverse, about twice as wide as long, with acute extension at anterior angle mesad of antennal fossa, nearly contiguous with other frontal tubercle at posteromesal angle, delimited laterad by shallow depression, delimited posteriad by abrupt depression; mesal frontal ridge subrhomboidal, nearly flat posteriorly, very narrow and carinate anteriorly, rugulose, densely setose; raised area of clypeus strongly transverse, about as wide as distance between eyes, only about as long as width of antennomere 1, densely pubescent behind, with row of long setae in front; distal portion of clypeus yellow, very thin, covering posterior portion of labrum; area posterior to eye and anterior to prosternum covered with long, dense, white pubescence; genae very short, length subequal to width of basal maxillary palpomere, densely covered with comparatively short, white setae. Labrum black, subtrapezoidal, much broader than long, narrower distad than basad, basal width 3.8 times as great as mesal length and subequal to distance between lateral margins of antennal fossae, with transverse row of 6 long setae. Mandibles yellow-orange, tips piceous; maxillary and labial palpi dark brown with pale brown tip, densely setose, acutely pointed at apex. Eyes oval, 1.9 times as long as broad, finely facetted, separated from antennal fossae by distance subequal to width of antennomere 2. Antennae nearly filiform, extending to about middle of elytra. Basal 3 antennomeres orangeyellow; distal 8 antennomeres black, covered with dense pubescence, with longer setae near apex of each antennomere; antennomere 1 slightly curved, shiny, sparsely setose, much longer than broad, nearly as long as antennomeres 2 and 3 combined; antennomere 2 about half as wide and half as long as antennomere 1, uniformly setose; antennomere 3 slightly longer than 2, nearly twice as broad apicad as basad; antennomere 4 nearly as long as antennomere 1, distinctly broader distad than basad; antennomere 5 slightly shorter than antennomere 4, distinctly broader distad than basad; antennomeres 6 – 10 subequal in length to 5 and to each other, only slightly wider distad than basad; antennomere 11 subequal in length and width to antennomere 10, narrowed distad to acute point, distal fourth separated from basal portion by shallow groove lined with relatively long setae, therefore nearly appearing to be distinct antennomere, although not freely articulated. Pronotum widest near apical third, greatest width about 1.3 times as great as that of head, posterior portion about as wide as head; shape transversely arched, shallowly depressed at meson; surface glabrous, minutely punctate, shiny; setose tubercle present at each anterior and posterior corner; lateral margins strongly carinate, equipped with several short setae; anterior margin lacking carina, with dense row of short setae; posterior margin with narrow carina, lined with dense row of short setae. Scutellum black, equilaterally triangular, glabrous, impunctate, shiny. Elytra 5.0 mm long, together about 1.5 times as wide as head, distinctly wider than pronotum, 5 times as long as pronotum, 0.8 times as long as entire body. Humeri well-developed; basal calli weakly developed, not delimited behind by depression; distinct discal and sublateral costae absent, but 2 shallow depressions present on each elytron, one beginning mesad to humerus, extending backwards to near basal third of elytron, other beginning behind humerus and extending nearly to middle of elytron; epipleura broad in basal half, extremely narrow in distal half. Discal surface minutely punctate; interpunctural areas shiny; pubescence largely absent, but scattered setae present near apex. Color of each elytron yellow with 5 brown, longitudinal stripes; stripe 1 adjacent to suture; next 3 stripes on disc, not united at apex or base, ending near middle of apical declivity; stripe 2 beginning near basal fourth of elytron; stripe 3 beginning mesad of humerus; stripe 4 beginning shortly behind humerus; stripe 5 lateral, occupying epipleuron and adjacent area. Body beneath black, except prothorax yellow. Ventral areas of prothorax glabrous, shiny; anterior margin lined with fringe of long setae; posterior margin lined with fringe of comparatively short setae; prosternum anterior to coxae short, length subequal to maximum diameter of antennomere 1; posterior prosternal process very narrowly separating coxae; procoxal cavities open behind. Mesothorax shiny, glabrous. Metathorax densely covered with white pubescence throughout. Abdomen densely covered with white pubescence laterally, glabrous or sparsely pubescent medially; terminal ventrite mostly black, paler brown apically, with strong mesal impression in distal half and large rectangular lobe at apex; terminal tergite black, slightly visible beyond elytra, densely pubescent and punctate. Legs largely covered by dense, white pubescence. Coxae dark brown, nearly black. Trochanters brown, distinctly paler than coxae. Femora dark brown, except pale yellow-brown near apex. Tibiae orange-brown, each with terminal spur. Tarsi orange-brown; front and middle legs with basal tarsomere distinctly widened, about as broad as tibial apex; claws appendiculate. Aedeagus strongly asymmetrical, spatulate apically, with spatulate portion subrectangular, much longer than broad (Fig. 1 h). Variation. Males measure 5.4 – 6.8 mm in length; the single female measures 8.1 mm in length. In the female, the basal tarsomere of the front and middle legs is narrower, the elytral vittae are comparatively weak, and there is no rectangular lobe at the abdominal apex.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE33FFAD9C81FCC5D0B024C6.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. “ MEXICO: Puebla, / 7 km SSE Acatlan / (Hwy. 190), 1280 m / July 5 1992 / Charles Bellamy ” (male, BYU). Paratypes. MEXICO: Oaxaca: 8 mi. E. Nochixtlan, 28 - VI- 1971, Ward & Brothers (1 male, EGRC). Puebla: [same data as holotype] (2 males, 1 female, BYU; 1 male, UNAM); 6 mi. sw. Tehuacan, 8 - VII- 1981, Bogar, Schaffner, Friedlander (1 male, TAMU); 1.5 km NW Yucunduchi, Hwy. 90, 17 ° 56.534 I N, 97 ° 52.658 I W, 19 - VII- 2003, C. L. Bellamy, CLB 851 (3 females, AJGC).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE33FFAD9C81FCC5D0B024C6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. “ Segonku ” is an Indigenous American word meaning skunk. Although the pale areas of the elytra are yellow, rather than white, the vittate pattern is suggestive of a skunk. The epithet is treated as a noun in apposition.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE33FFAD9C81FCC5D0B024C6.taxon	discussion	Comments. Although currently known from only Oaxaca and Puebla, this species may occur also in other states in southern Mexico.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE32FFAE9EA0FD8BD10725CC.taxon	description	Fig. 1 a, d, g	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE32FFAE9EA0FD8BD10725CC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The vittate elytra (Fig. 1 a), in combination with the appendiculate tarsal claws, distinguish this species from others in the similar genus Triarius. The largely pale brown head and femora, and especially the distinctive aedeagus (Fig. 1 g), easily distinguish this from the other known species of Triariodes.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE32FFAE9EA0FD8BD10725CC.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material Examined. We examined two syntypes of M. vittipenne in the Horn Collection (MCZ). Both are female. One of them bears the following three labels: “ Tex, ” “ LectoType 3795, ” and “ Malacosoma vittipenne Horn. ” It is not clear who added the lectotype label to the specimen, and, to our knowledge, a lectotype designation has never been published. In any case, this specimen is now designated as the lectotype for M. vittipenne. Type Locality. “ Occurs in southwestern Texas, precise region unknown. ” (Horn 1893).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE32FFAE9EA0FD8BD10725CC.taxon	distribution	Geographic Distribution. We examined specimens from Chaves and Eddy Counties in New Mexico, and from Brewster, Crockett, Culberson, El Paso, Jeff Davis, Presidio, Terrell, Uvalde, and Val Verde Counties in Texas. Also, we saw two old specimens labeled from Arizona (UMRM), but we doubt the authenticity of this record. Temporal Distribution. We saw adults collected from March to October.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE32FFAE9EA0FD8BD10725CC.taxon	biology_ecology	Plant Associations. This species is reported from Prosopis L. and flowers of Acacia angustissima var. hirta (Nutt.) B. L. Robbins (both Fabaceae); Condalia Cav. (Rhamnaceae); Fallugia paradoxa (D. Don) Endl. ex Torr. in Emory (Rosaceae); and Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. (Solanaceae) (Wilcox 1965; Goeden 1971; Ward et al. 1977; Clark et al. 2004). Beyond this, we examined specimens labeled as from blossoming Acacia greggii A. Gray (Fabaceae).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE32FFAE9EA0FD8BD10725CC.taxon	discussion	Comments. Beyond the type material mentioned above, we examined 390 other specimens.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE31FFAF9D7CFE85D7DA2070.taxon	description	Figs. 2 a – i, 3 a – g	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE31FFAF9D7CFE85D7DA2070.taxon	type_taxon	Type Species. Triarius mexicanus Jacoby, 1887 (by monotypy).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE31FFAF9D7CFE85D7DA2070.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The basal carina of the pronotum is complete. Although fine, it extends without interruption along the entire posterior margin. Each eye is narrowly separated from the base of the mandible by a distance subequal to the width of the basal maxillary palpomere. The length of the basal antennomere is subequal to the maximum diameter of the eye. The epipleuron is broad in the basal portion and very narrow in the distal portion. Each tibia is armed with a terminal spur. The rectangular lobe at the apex of the male abdomen is conspicuous. In these characters, Triarius is similar to Triariodes. However, the frontal tubercles of Triarius are only about as broad as long, being limited laterad by a shallow (sometimes rather inconspicuous) depression. In Triariodes, the depression is nearly absent, such that the tubercles are strongly transverse, closely approaching the eye. Moreover, the aedeagus of Triarius is symmetrical, with the distal portion only weakly spatulate, or not at all.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE31FFAF9D7CFE85D7DA2070.taxon	discussion	Comments. Within the subfamily Galerucinae, the nature of the tarsal claws (simple, appendiculate, or bifid) is extensively employed to diagnose genera or even taxa above the generic level. It is therefore remarkable that some species of Triarius have bifid claws and others have appendiculate claws. However, this situation is not unique among the New World genera in the section Scelidites, where claws are reported to be appendiculate, except in some species of Triarius. Although not previously reported in the published literature, the claws are also bifid in Scelida metallica Jacoby, while appendiculate in all other species of Scelida Chapuis. Beyond the section Scelidites, the lack of claw uniformity is not common, but also not unprecedented. For instance, all species of Erynephala Blake and some (but not all) species of Monoxia LeConte have bifid claws in males and simple claws in females. In males of Hyperbrotica Bechyné and Springlová de Bechyné, all claws are appendiculate in females, while only the hind claws are appendiculate in males, the others being bifid.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE30FFA19EB0FAD9D2FD2133.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The tarsal claws of this species are bifid. Also, the dorsum of the elytra is either entirely yellow or yellow with a dark sutural stripe; lateral stripes are absent or confined to the epipleura and adjacent areas; no posthumeral stripes are present. This suite of characters distinguishes this species from all other New World species of Scelidites. Specimens measure 3.5 – 7.6 in length.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE30FFA19EB0FAD9D2FD2133.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material Examined. We located eight syntypes of T. mexicanus (five MCZ, three NHMUK). One of the specimens (NHMUK), a male, bears a “ type ” label. This label is not necessarily an indication of the holotype, considering that Jacoby often put such labels on multiple specimens in the type series of a single species. In any case, this specimen is here designated as the lectotype. We also examined the female holotype of P. livida (MCZ), the male holotype and nine paratypes of L. nebrodes (USNM), and the female holotype and six paratypes of T. suturalis (CASC). Type Localities. Phyllobrotica livida: “ Arizona. ” Triarius mexicanus: “ Mexico, Northern Sonora ” (according to Selander and Vaurie 1962, the type locality is actually in Arizona, in the Graham Mountains, near Fort Grant, and above Fort Huachuca]. Triarius suturalis: “ Warren, Arizona. ” Luperodes nebrodes: “ Downings Ranch, Terrell County, Tex. ”	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE30FFA19EB0FAD9D2FD2133.taxon	distribution	Geographic Distribution. We examined specimens from Apache, Cochise, Gila, Graham, Pima, Pinal, and Santa Cruz Counties in Arizona, from Grant, Hidalgo, Lincoln, and Otero Counties in New Mexico, and from Brewster, Crockett, Culberson, Jeff Davis, Pecos, Terrell, and Val Verde Counties in Texas. As noted above, the true type locality of T. mexicanus (“ Mexico, Northern Sonora ”) is probably in Arizona. However, this species is otherwise reported from Mexico (Wilcox 1965; Riley et al. 2003; Ordó ~ nez-Reséndiz 2008), even though we have not personally examined specimens from there.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE30FFA19EB0FAD9D2FD2133.taxon	biology_ecology	Temporal Distribution. We saw adults collected from April to July. Plant Associations. This species is reported from Dasylirion Zucc. and Nolina Michx. (Asparagaceae); Asteraceae (genus not specified); and Xerophyllum Michx. (Melanthiaceae) (Wilcox 1965; Clark et al. 2004). Included in the material we examined are specimens labeled “ Dasylirion flowers ”, “ flowering Nolina sp., prob. arenicola ”, “ Baccharis ” (Asteraceae), “ on blossoming Acacia greggii A. Gray ”, and “ beargrass ” (Xerophyllum).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE30FFA19EB0FAD9D2FD2133.taxon	discussion	Comments. As here conceived, this species is quite variable in appearance. Future study may well prove that multiple true species are involved. Beyond the type material mentioned above, we examined 553 other specimens.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA19C85FB9FD7392145.taxon	description	Figs. 2 f, 3 c	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA19C85FB9FD7392145.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The tarsal claws of this species are bifid. Also, each elytron is yellow, with a posthumeral dark stripe and a sutural dark stripe; no short median stripe is present (Fig. 2 f). This species is very similar to females of T. nigroflavus, but the distal half of the hind femur is mostly pale, and the terminal abdominal sternite is entirely pale in most specimens examined, although nearly entirely dark in a few. We have not seen any specimens with the terminal sternite mostly pale but narrowly dark along the apical margin, as is the case in all females of T. nigroflavus we have seen. Specimens of T. melanolomatus measure 3.9 – 7.4 mm in length.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA19C85FB9FD7392145.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material Examined. We studied the male holotype and one paratype of L. melanolomatus (CASC). Additionally, we examined nine specimens (BYU) that were determined as L. melanolomatus by Doris Blake and that have label data matching (or nearly matching) those cited with the original description of this species. Although not labeled as such, these are likely also paratypes. We also studied the male holotype (OSUC) and 40 paratypes (CASC, OSUC) of T. santarosarum. Type Localities. Luperodes melanolomatus: “ Pi ~ non Flat, San Jacinto Mountains, Calif. ” Triarius santarosarum: “ Santa Rosa Mts., California. ”	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA19C85FB9FD7392145.taxon	distribution	Geographic Distribution. We examined specimens from Coconino, Gila, Mohave, and Pinal Counties in Arizona, and from Imperial, Riverside, San Bernardino, and San Diego Counties in California. Beyond this, Andrews and Gilbert (2005) reported this species from the Mexican state of Baja California.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA19C85FB9FD7392145.taxon	biology_ecology	Temporal Distribution. We examined adults collected from April to July, as well as in October. Plant Associations. This species is reported from Nolina, Erigeron L. (Asteraceae), flowers of a yellow composite (Asteraceae), cactus (Cactaceae), Acacia, Sphaeralcea A. St. - Hil. (Malvaceae), and Adenostoma fasciculatum Hook. & Arn. (Rosaceae) (Bibby 1961; Wilcox 1965; Clark et al. 2004). Included in the material we examined, specimens are labeled from Nolina and Yucca L. (Asparagaceae), Encelia Adans. and Erigeron (Asteraceae), cactus (Cactaceae), white-flowered mimosoid shrub (Fabaceae), Salvia apiana Jepson (Lamiaceae), and blossoms of Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA19C85FB9FD7392145.taxon	discussion	Comments. The width of the elytral stripe varies. Future study may prove that multiple true species are involved. Beyond the type material mentioned above, we also examined 151 other specimens.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA29EAEFB04D2BA26E4.taxon	description	Figs. 2 d – e, 3 b	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA29EAEFB04D2BA26E4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The tarsal claws of this species are bifid. In males (Fig. 2 d), the pronotum and elytra are black, and the head is reddish brown (sometimes dark basally). In females (Fig. 2 e), each elytron is yellow with a lateral dark stripe that does not attain the epipleuron and a dark sutural stripe; no short median stripe is present. Also, the female terminal abdominal sternite is mostly pale but narrowly dark apically, and the distal half of the hind femur is mostly black. These characters enable recognition of this species (males and females) and distinguish it from all other New World Scelidites. Specimens measure about 6.2 mm in length.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA29EAEFB04D2BA26E4.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material Examined. We studied the male holotype and one paratype of L. flavoniger (USNM). The holotype is adequately labeled with locality, date, and collecting information. However, the other specimen, although clearly labeled as a paratype, lacks a collecting label. Perhaps, the label was inadvertently removed and lost. Contrary to Blake’ s (1942) statement, the paratype is male, not female. Type Locality. “ El Toro, Orange County, Calif. ”	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA29EAEFB04D2BA26E4.taxon	distribution	Geographic Distribution. We examined specimens only from Orange County, California.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA29EAEFB04D2BA26E4.taxon	biology_ecology	Temporal Distribution. We examined adults collected in May and June. Plant Association. This species is reported from Adenostoma fasciculatum (Clark et al. 2004). Specimens labeled with this association are included in the material we examined.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3EFFA29EAEFB04D2BA26E4.taxon	discussion	Comments. Blake (1942) based her original description of L. flavoniger on only two specimens, the male holotype and a paratype that she indicated to be female. In actuality, both specimens are male. This mistake has probably fostered the misunderstanding that the pronotum and elytra of females are like those of males, entirely dark. Contrary to this notion, the coloration is very different, as noted in the diagnosis above. In addition to the type material, we examined 21 other specimens.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3DFFA39C80FBA5D14D231C.taxon	description	Figs. 2 i, 3 g	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3DFFA39C80FBA5D14D231C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The tarsal claws of this species are appendiculate, the head is yellow, and the metasternum is black. The elytra are yellow, except for a narrow, dark brown sutural stripe, and, in some specimens, dark lateral stripes (Fig. 2 i). This combination of characters distinguishes this species from all others of the genus Triarius. The aedeagus is also distinctive, being bisinuate in lateral view, as well as narrowed near the distal fourth in dorsal view (Fig. 3 g).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3DFFA39C80FBA5D14D231C.taxon	description	Description of Holotype. Form elongate oval (Fig. 2 i); body 6.1 mm long, 2.1 mm wide. Head orange-yellow, with darker posterior markings; pronotum yellow with vague darker maculae; scutellum black; elytra yellow, with narrow sutural stripe; ventral areas largely black; legs bicolored. Head with dark markings on anterior corners of frontal tubercles, clypeus, and mouthparts; interocular distance subequal to 2 / 3 head width across eyes; posterior area of vertex smooth, shiny, largely impunctate; anterior portion of vertex near frontal tubercles glabrous, with punctation noticeably strigose; each frontal tubercle glabrous, impunctate, subtriangular, about twice as wide as long, with acute extension at anterior angle mesad of antennal fossa, narrowly contiguous with other frontal tubercle at posteromesal angle, delimited laterad by shallow depression, delimited posteriad by abrupt depression; mesal frontal ridge narrow, but not sharply carinate; antennal fossae separated from each other by distance slightly greater than fossal diameter; raised area of clypeus strongly transverse, about as wide as distance between eyes, about as long as width of antennomere 1, covered posteriad with numerous long setae; distal portion of clypeus very thin, covering posterior portion of labrum; area of head posterolaterad of eyes with numerous long, white setae; area immediately posteromesad of each eye with single long, white seta; genae short, length subequal to width of antennomere 2, densely covered with short, white setae. Eyes oval, 1.5 times as long as broad, finely facetted. Labrum yellow, narrowly darker distally, subtrapezoidal, much broader than long, narrower distad than basad, basal width slightly less than distance between lateral margins of antennal fossae; mandibles mostly yellow, distal portion piceous; maxillary and labial palpi dark brown. Antennae nearly filiform, extending to middle of elytra, densely setose, with longer setae near apex of most antennomeres; basal 3 antennomeres orange-yellow; distal 8 antennomeres black; antennomere 1 slightly curved, shiny, much longer than broad, nearly as long as antennomeres 2 and 3 combined; antennomere 2 slightly more than half as wide and about 1 / 3 as long as antennomere 1; antennomere 3 distinctly longer than 2, nearly twice as broad apicad as basad; antennomeres 4 – 10 each nearly as long and broad as antennomere 1, each slightly broader distad than basad; antennomeres 9 – 11 distinctly flattened; antennomere 11 subequal in length to antennomere 10, distinctly narrowed towards apex. Pronotum with 1 mesal and 2 lateral, large, poorly defined, slightly darker areas; shape transversely arched, indistinctly and very shallowly depressed on each side of meson, widest near anterior third, basal width subequal to head width; surface glabrous, minutely punctate, shiny; setose tubercle present at each anterior and posterior corner; lateral margins strongly carinate, equipped with several short setae; anterior margin lacking carina, with dense row of short setae; posterior margin with narrow carina. Scutellum equilaterally triangular, glabrous, impunctate, shiny. Elytra 4.8 mm long, together slightly wider than prothorax, 3.6 times as long as pronotum, 0.8 times as long as entire body. Humeri well-developed; basal calli weakly developed, not delimited behind by depression; distinct discal and sublateral costae absent. Discal surface finely punctate, with punctures slightly larger than those on pronotum; interpunctural areas shiny; pubescence largely absent, but sparsely scattered setae present, mostly on distal half. Epipleura broad at base, distinctly narrowed before middle of elytron, absent in distal part of elytron. Body beneath black, except prothorax yellow. Ventral areas of prothorax mostly glabrous, shiny; anterior margin lined with fringe of long setae; posterior margin lined with fringe of shorter setae; prosternum anterior to coxae short, length subequal to maximum diameter of antennomere 1; procoxal cavities open behind. Mesothorax shiny, glabrous. Metathorax densely covered with white pubescence throughout. Abdomen densely covered with white pubescence; terminal ventrite with strong mesal impression in basal half, with large rectangular lobe at apex; terminal tergite black, not visible beyond elytra, densely pubescent and punctate. Legs largely covered by dense, white pubescence; anterior coxae and trochanters black, middle coxae and trochanters orange-brown; hind coxae black; hind trochanters orange-brown; front and middle femora orangebrown; hind femora orange-brown in basal half, nearly black in distal half; tibia and tarsi dark brown to nearly black; front legs with basal tarsomere slightly widened, about as broad as tibial apex; tarsal claws appendiculate. Aedeagus symmetrical in dorsal view, strongly sinuate in lateral view. Distal portion distinctly widened in dorsal view (Fig. 3 g). Variation. Not all specimens have the vaguely darker maculae that are present on the head and pronotum of the holotype. Additionally, in some specimens, the mesothorax and abdomen are yellow, rather than black. Females measure 6.2 – 7.3 mm in length; the basal tarsomere of each front leg is narrower; and the rectangular lobe at the abdominal apex is lacking.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3DFFA39C80FBA5D14D231C.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. “ MEXICO: Nuevo Leon / 7 mi. s. La Escondida / July 4, 1973 / Mastro & Schaffner ” (male, TAMU). Paratypes. Same data as holotype. (1 female, BYU; 4 females, TAMU; 1 female, originally from TAMU but gifted to UNAM).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3DFFA39C80FBA5D14D231C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet is composed of the Latin roots “ novo ” (meaning new) and “ leonis ” (meaning lion). It refers to the Mexican state where the beetles were collected.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3DFFA39C80FBA5D14D231C.taxon	discussion	Comments. As noted in the Variation section above, the ventral coloration is variable. Even so, we are confident that all of the six examined specimens belong to a single species.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA39CBCF9EDD7DB2684.taxon	description	Figs. 2 a – b, 3 a	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA39CBCF9EDD7DB2684.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The black head, unicolorous elytra, and appendiculate claws distinguish this species from others of the genus Triarius. Males of T. pini have dark elytra (Fig. 2 a); females have pale elytra (Fig. 2 b). Specimens measure 5.0 – 8.0 mm in length.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA39CBCF9EDD7DB2684.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material Examined. We studied the male holotype, female allotype, two male paratypes, and two female paratypes (USNM). Type Locality. “ Carr’ s Peak, Huachuca Mts., Arizona (9000 ft). ”	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA39CBCF9EDD7DB2684.taxon	distribution	Geographic Distribution. We examined specimens from Cochise County in Arizona and the Municipio de Durango in the Mexican state of Durango. Presumably, the species also occurs in one or more of the Mexican states between Arizona and Durango, but we have not seen specimens. Beyond this, Wilcox (1965) stated that this species occurs in Texas, but this may have been in error. We are not aware of any specimens from Texas.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA39CBCF9EDD7DB2684.taxon	biology_ecology	Temporal Distribution. We examined adults collected in June and July. Plant Association. This species is reported from pine (Pinus L., Pinaceae) (Schaeffer 1906; Wilcox 1965; Clark et al. 2004).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA39CBCF9EDD7DB2684.taxon	discussion	Comments. In addition to the type material mentioned above, we also examined 30 other specimens.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA59E93FC4AD24A2025.taxon	description	Figs. 2 h, 3 f	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA59E93FC4AD24A2025.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The tarsal claws of this species are appendiculate, and the head and metasternum are yellow. The elytra are yellow, except for a narrow, dark brown sutural stripe (Fig. 2 h). This combination of characters distinguishes this species from all others of the genus Triarius.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA59E93FC4AD24A2025.taxon	description	Description of Holotype. Form elongate (Fig. 2 h); body 4.5 mm long, 2.1 mm wide. Head orangeyellow; prothorax yellowish, off-white; elytra pale yellowish, off-white, with black suture; ventral areas largely orange-yellow; antennae and legs bicolored. Head with interocular distance equal to 2 / 3 head width across eyes; posterior area of vertex smooth, shiny, nearly impunctate; anterior portion of vertex near frontal tubercles minutely punctate and wrinkled, with short mesal impression; long seta present near upper inner margin of each eye; each frontal tubercle glabrous, impunctate, subrectangular, wider than long, contiguous mesad of other tubercle, delimited laterad by shallow, broad impression, abruptly delimited posteriad; mesal frontal ridge subtriangular, minutely punctate, weakly elevated, not carinate; distal portion of clypeus very thin, transparent, covering posterior portion of labrum; genae extremely short, length only slightly greater than diameter of ommatidium. Eyes oval, 0.6 times as long as wide, finely faceted, black, separated from antennal fossae by distance subequal to width of antennomere 2. Labrum testaceous, subrectangular, convex in front, width twice as great as mesal length and slightly less than distance between lateral margins of antennal fossae, with transverse row of long setae; mandibles testaceous with distal portion piceous; maxillary and labial palpi orangeyellow, setose, acutely pointed towards apex. Antennae nearly filiform, extending to distal elytral declivity. Basal 2 antennomeres testaceous; antennomere 3 pale brown; distal 8 antennomeres dark brown, nearly black, covered with dense pubescence; antennomere 1 slightly curved, shiny, sparsely setose, much longer than broad, much broader distad than basad, about as long as antennomeres 2 and 3 combined; antennomere 2 about half as wide and 1 / 3 as long as antennomere 1, setose; antennomere 3 slightly longer than 2, much broader apicad than basad; antennomere 4 nearly as long as antennomere 1, distinctly broader distad than basad; antennomere 5 subequal in length with antennomere 4, distinctly broader distad than basad; antennomeres 6 – 10 subequal in length with 5 and with each other, slightly wider distad than basad; antennomere 11 subequal in width and 1.3 times as long as antennomere 10, narrowed distad to acute point. Pronotum widest near apical fourth, at greatest width about as wide as head, posterior portion about as wide as interocular space; shape transversely arched; surface glabrous, minutely punctate, shiny; poorly developed tubercle present at anterior and posterior corners, each with 1 long seta; lateral margins strongly carinate, equipped with sparse row of short setae; posterior margin with complete, glabrous carina lined posteriorlly by short, closely spaced setae; anterior margin without carina, lined with row of very short, closely spaced setae. Scutellum amber-colored, equilaterally triangular, glabrous, impunctate, shiny. Elytra 3.5 mm long, together slightly wider than head, distinctly wider than base of pronotum, 3.5 times as long as pronotum, 0.7 times as long as entire body. Humeri well-developed; basal calli poorly developed, without distinct impression behind. Discal surface minutely punctate; interpunctural areas slightly alutaceous, shiny; pubescence largely absent, but sparse, short setae present on distal declivity and along epipleura. Body beneath orange-yellow, except metepisterna darker. Ventral areas of prothorax glabrous, shiny; anterior margin lined with fringe of setae that are long in mesal area and shorter in lateral areas; posterior margin lined by fringe of short, closely spaced setae; prosternum anterior to coxae short, length subequal to maximum diameter of antennomere 1; posterior prosternal process very narrowly separating coxae; procoxal cavities narrowly open behind. Mesothorax shiny, nearly glabrous. Metathorax densely pubescent. Abdomen sparsely pubescent; terminal ventrite with large rectangular lobe flanked by deep notches. Coxae and trochanters pale yellow-brown. Femora pale yellow-brown, sparsely pubescent. Tibiae dark brown, nearly black, densely pubescent, each with terminal spur. Tarsi dark brown, nearly black, densely pubescent; basal tarsomere of front legs distinctly widened, about as wide as tibial apex; basal tarsomeres of middle and hind legs narrow; tarsomere 1 of hind legs nearly as long as tarsomeres 3 – 5 combined; claws appendiculate, outer lobe very narrow and pointed at apex, inner lobe broad, comparatively blunt. Aedeagus symmetrical in dorsal view, evenly curved in lateral view (Fig. 3 f). Variation. Males measure 4.4 – 5.3 mm in length; females measure 3.2 – 5.8 mm in length. In some specimens, the sutural vitta of the elytron is slightly broader than in others.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA59E93FC4AD24A2025.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype. “ TEXAS: Brewster Co. / BBNP, Lost Mine Trail / (upper ridge), 6,800 ft. / 29 ° 16 ’ 09 ” N, 103 ° 16 ’ 04 ” W / X- 3 - 2005, Raber & Riley- 66 // beating / Juniperus / flaccida Schlecht. ” (male, TAMU). Paratypes. TEXAS: Brewster Co.: [same data as holotype] (4 males, 4 females, BYU; 32 males, 57 females, TAMU); [same date as holotype, except without plant-association label] (3 males, 2 females, TAMU); Big Bend, X- 1957 (1 male, 1 female, TAMU); Big Bend Natl Pk, Green Gulch, 11 - X- 1966 (9 males, 2 females, USNM); Chisos M., 19 - IX- 1938, D. J. & J. N. Knull (1 male, OSUC); BBNP, Lost Mine Trail (lower), 29 ° 16 I 12 " N, 103 ° 16 I 45 " W, 5,760 - 6,000 ft., 3 - X- 2005, Raber & Riley (2 females, TAMU); BBNP, Lost Mine Trail (upper), 29 ° 16 I 17 " N, 103 ° 16 I 19 " W, 6,000 - 6,800 ft., 3 - X- 2005, Raber & Riley (1 female, TAMU); BBNP, Lost Mine Trail (upper), 29 ° 16 I 17 " N, 103 ° 16 I 19 " W, 6,000 - 6,800 ft., 3 - X- 2005, Raber & Riley, beating Juniperus flaccida Schlecht. [Cupressaceae] (1 male, TAMU); BBNP, Pine Canyon Camp, Area no. 4, 29 ° 15 I 59 " N, 103 ° 14 I 04 " W, 4,700 ft., 1 - X- 2005, Raber & Riley, UV light (2 males, TAMU); BBNP, Pine Canyon trail (lower), 29 ° 16 I 09 " N, 103 ° 14 I 01 " W, 4,700 - 5,000 ft., 2 - X- 2005, Raber & Riley (1 female, TAMU). Jeff Davis Co.: Davis Mts. St. Pk., 5 - X- 1982, E. G. Riley (3 females, EGRC).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA59E93FC4AD24A2025.taxon	biology_ecology	Plant Association. As noted above, specimens have been collected by beating J. flaccida. However, this may not be a food plant. In a personal communication from Edward G. Riley, who was one of the collectors of the very large series from the upper ridge of Lost Mine Trail, he wrote the following regarding these specimens: “ My colleague Brian Raber and I collected this species in large numbers from a single modest-sized Juniperus flaccida tree growing on the upper ridge near Lost Mine Peak, shortly before the terminus of the Lost Mine Trail. These beetles were nearly absent from adjacent trees of various species including another J. flaccida growing less than 15 m away and Pinyon pine and another Juniperus species found in the immediate area. This particular tree, although located on a ridge top, was not particularly well positioned to receive a precipitation of wind-blown beetles from below, the phenomenon known to beetle collectors as a ‘ blow up. ’ Other J. flaccida trees were beaten during this day-long hike, none of which produced Triarius specimens. Mating pairs were not observed. My impression was that these beetles, for some unknown reason, were obviously congregating on this particular tree. Although a field-feeding test was not performed, I did not feel these beetles were feeding on the Juniperus. One explanation for the congregation could be that the beetles were preparing to spend the coming winter months among the evergreen Juniperus foliage. However, at present, there are no spring collections recorded for this beetle, and, even if there were, that alone would not explain why they congregated on a single tree. ”	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA59E93FC4AD24A2025.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species epithet (“ texanus ”) refers to the state of Texas where these beetles were collected. However, it is a bit misleading in that it suggests that the beetles are distributed throughout the state, when they have actually been found in only two of the western counties. However, this epithet was used in a PhD dissertation (Clark 1987), and it is repeated here to avoid confusion.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3CFFA59E93FC4AD24A2025.taxon	discussion	Comments. Due to superficial similarity, this species is likely misidentified as T. lividus in some collections.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3AFFA59E8DFC8DD7DA21E6.taxon	discussion	This Brazilian species was originally named Triarius tropicus Weise, 1921. Later, Smith and Lawrence (1967) transferred it to the genus Diabrotica. However, in so doing, they created a secondary homonym with Diabrotica tropica Weise, 1916. The fact that the 1916 species is now placed in Paratriarius Schaeffer does not diminish the homonymy, as the original combination was in Diabrotica. We here propose Diabrotica neotropica as a replacement name for Triarius tropicus Weise, 1921.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3AFFA59EBFFAABD72120BD.taxon	discussion	As detailed above, this species (originally named in the genus Malacosoma and subsequently placed in Triarius) is herein transferred to Triariodes.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3AFFA59CA4FAE9D09027F2.taxon	description	Figs. 2 c, 3 e	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3AFFA59CA4FAE9D09027F2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. The tarsal claws of this species are bifid. Also, each elytron is yellow, with a sutural dark stripe (Fig. 2 c), a posthumeral dark stripe, and a dark, short, oblique, median, subbasal stripe. Taken together, these characters distinguish this from all other New World species of Scelidites. Specimens measure 4.0 – 7.1 mm in length.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3AFFA59CA4FAE9D09027F2.taxon	materials_examined	Type Material Examined. We located four specimens from the type series in the Horn Collection (MCZ). One of them, a male, bears the label “ LectoType 3796. ” However, it is not clear who added the lectotype label to the specimen, and, to our knowledge, a lectotype designation has never been published. In any case, this specimen is now designated as the lectotype for T. trivittatus. Type Locality. “ Arizona, Pinal Mountains. ”	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3AFFA59CA4FAE9D09027F2.taxon	distribution	Geographic Distribution. We examined specimens from Cochise, Gila, Graham, and Pima Counties in Arizona. Although we have not seen specimens, this species is also reported from California (Wilcox 1965).	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3AFFA59CA4FAE9D09027F2.taxon	biology_ecology	Temporal Distribution. We eamined adults collected from April to June. Plant Associations. This species is reported from Nolina and the flowers of a yellow composite (Asteraceae) (Wilcox 1965; Clark et al. 2004). Included in the material we examined, there are specimens labeled as from the flowers of Nolina.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
434B8790CE3AFFA59CA4FAE9D09027F2.taxon	discussion	Comments. In addition to the type series, we examined 150 other specimens.	en	Clark, Shawn M., Anderson, E. Russell (2019): A Review Of Triarius Jacoby, 1887 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Luperini), With Descriptions Of A New Genus And Four New Species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 73 (2): 343-357, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-73.2.343
